Projection welding machine for welding production of automobile parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of projection welding machines, in particular to a projection welding machine for welding production of automobile parts. The device comprises a material collecting box, a discharging structure, an upper electrode structure and a lower electrode structure. A box opening of the material collecting box faces upwards; the discharging structures are arranged on the left side and the right side of the collecting box. The upper electrode structure is arranged on the rear side of the material collecting box; the lower electrode structure is arranged at a box opening of the material collecting box; the lower electrode structure comprises a welding seat; a rotatable welding disc is arranged on the welding seat; and a cleaning positioning assembly and a lower electrode assembly are arranged on the welding disc. Self-adaptive leveling and firm clamping of the first layer of parts are achieved through the lower electrode assembly, and a stable datum plane is established for welding; the cleaning and positioning assembly intervenes at the key node, the welding face of the first layer of part is cleaned, the second layer of part is cleaned, pressed and positioned in sequence, the two parts are tightly matched in time sequence and space, and the quality stability, precision and automation degree of the projection welding process are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of projection welding machines, and more particularly to a projection welding machine for the production of automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the current automotive parts welding production field, projection welding technology is widely used to weld standard fasteners such as nuts and bolts to body panels, brackets and other components due to its high efficiency and reliability.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN120095295B discloses an automatic feeding system for a white body projection welding production line, which includes multiple sets of automatic projection welding machines, multiple sets of nut distribution devices, and at least one set of nut transfer devices. The automatic projection welding machines and nut distribution devices are arranged in a ring structure, and the nut transfer devices are located at the center of the ring structure. The nut distribution devices are arranged at intervals, and the nut transfer devices are located on the side between adjacent automatic projection welding machines.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technical solutions limit their further application in the welding production of complex, high-precision automotive parts, as they are functionally limited and lack flexibility. Firstly, there are deficiencies in the welding quality assurance process: a lack of proactive cleaning and precise positioning mechanisms for the surfaces to be welded. Before welding, oil and dust on the sheet metal surface may affect conductivity and weld strength; after the nut is placed, relying solely on a scraper for rough leveling fails to achieve proper alignment and stable pressing, easily leading to poor contact at the weld surfaces. Secondly, automation and integration are limited: the collection method for finished products after unloading is relatively passive, easily accumulating at the exit; and the movement and positioning capabilities of the entire welding unit are simple, unable to form a flexible production line with other stations (such as simultaneous welding of multiple parts or online inspection). Finally, environmental protection and maintenance are not adequately considered: welding fumes diffuse directly, lacking effective source collection and treatment devices. These shortcomings collectively lead to bottlenecks in welding consistency, production efficiency, process adaptability, and environmental friendliness of existing projection welding equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background technology, a projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production is proposed. The lower electrode assembly realizes the adaptive leveling and firm clamping of the first layer of parts, establishing a stable reference surface for welding. The cleaning and positioning assembly intervenes at key nodes to clean the welding surface of the first layer of parts in sequence and clean and press-fit the second layer of parts in sequence. The two work closely together in terms of timing and space, effectively improving the quality stability, accuracy and automation of the projection welding process.

[0006] This invention proposes a projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production, comprising a material collection box, a feeding structure, an upper electrode structure, and a lower electrode structure. The opening of the material collection box faces upward; two sets of feeding structures are provided, located on the left and right sides of the material collection box respectively; the upper electrode structure is located on the rear side of the material collection box; the lower electrode structure is located at the opening of the material collection box and cooperates with the upper electrode structure; the lower electrode structure includes a welding seat; the welding seat moves between the two sets of feeding structures to achieve welding feeding and position adjustment, and simultaneously rotates at the opening of the material collection box to achieve material discharge; the welding seat is provided with a rotatable welding disc; the welding disc is provided with a cleaning and positioning component located at the center of the welding disc and a lower electrode component that moves along the outer periphery of the cleaning and positioning component; the component support end of the lower electrode component is designed with a recessed structure that can rotate at multiple angles, and the surface level of the supported component on the recess is adjusted by rotation; the cleaning and positioning component acts on the lower electrode component on the outer periphery through its working end, on the one hand adsorbing and cleaning the component to be welded, and on the other hand pressing and positioning the component to be welded.

[0007] Preferably, a slide rail is provided on the opening of the collection box; a movable tilting head is provided on the welding seat; the movable end of the movable tilting head cooperates with the slide rail, and the tilting end is connected to the side wall of the welding seat.

[0008] Preferably, a suction groove is provided on the outer periphery of the welding plate on the welding seat; a slag-blocking net is provided at the opening of the suction groove, and the bottom of the groove is connected to a negative pressure suction device through a pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the welding pad rotates at the origin on the welding seat, and multiple sets of sliding grooves are arranged radially on the surface of the pad; multiple sets of lower electrode assemblies are matched one-to-one with the sliding grooves to move in a radial trajectory.

[0010] Preferably, the lower electrode assembly includes a support cylinder; the bottom of the support cylinder is provided with a slider that cooperates with a sliding groove, and the opening of the support cylinder is provided with a telescopic seat; the telescopic seat is supported by a buffer spring and slides up and down at the opening of the support cylinder, and a first rotating hemispherical seat that rotates along the horizontal plane is embedded in the upper end of the telescopic seat; a second rotating hemispherical seat that rotates along the vertical plane is embedded in the first rotating hemispherical seat; the component support end is provided on the cross section of the second rotating hemispherical seat.

[0011] Preferably, a support groove is provided on the cross section of the rotating hemispherical seat 2; a raised edge is provided around the outer periphery of the support groove, and an adsorption hole 1 communicating with the negative pressure device is provided inside the support groove; a notch is provided on the raised edge; a clamping component is provided on each notch; the clamping component includes a rotating frame rotatably connected to the notch and a clamping frame rotatably connected to the rotating frame; a negative pressure adsorption head is provided on the clamping end of the clamping frame.

[0012] Preferably, a ring groove is provided around the rotating hemispherical seat on the telescopic seat; two sets of coaxial support rings are provided on both sides of the groove opening, and a negative pressure environment is generated inside the groove through a connected negative pressure device.

[0013] Preferably, the welding base has a central mounting groove; the cleaning positioning assembly includes a lifting platform that moves up and down within the mounting groove; a rotating column is mounted on the top of the lifting platform; the rotating column moves in and out of the mounting groove through the lifting mechanism; a limiting seat is mounted on the top of the rotating column, and a storage groove for mounting the cleaning positioning frame is mounted on the side; the limiting seat has a second suction hole connected to a negative pressure device; a rotating sliding shaft is mounted on the cleaning positioning frame; the rotating end of the rotating sliding shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the cleaning positioning frame, and the sliding end of the rotating sliding shaft moves vertically along the wall of the storage groove; the side wall of the cleaning positioning frame is the working end, and a cleaning positioning groove is provided therein; the cleaning positioning groove is suctioned by a negative pressure device.

[0014] Preferably, the material discharge structure includes storage bins located on the left and right sides of the collection bin; a discharge channel is provided at the bottom of the storage bin; a retractable discharge port is provided at the bottom of the discharge channel, and a visual positioning sensor is provided on the outer periphery.

[0015] Preferably, the upper electrode structure includes a mounting frame; a lifting platform that moves up and down is provided on the mounting frame; a telescopic platform that moves back and forth is provided in front of the lifting platform; a rotating seat is provided in front of the telescopic platform; and the upper electrode is provided on the rotating seat.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The rotating hemispherical bases one and two of the lower electrode assembly enable multi-degree-of-freedom rotation of the component support end, automatically adjusting the welding surface of the first layer of components to an absolute level, providing a stable reference plane for welding. Subsequently, the lifting platform and the flip-up cleaning positioning frame of the cleaning positioning assembly precisely intervene. Their working ends first perform negative pressure adsorption cleaning on the leveled surface of the first layer of components, and then press and position the second layer of components after placement. This sequential and spatial linkage between the "lower electrode leveling reference plane" and the "cleaning assembly pressing and cleaning surface" ensures that the contact surfaces of the two components are both clean and uncontaminated, and tightly sealed without gaps at the moment of welding. This reduces problems such as incomplete welding, spatter, and insufficient strength caused by impurities, oxide layers, or poor contact, improving the consistency and reliability of the welded joint. The welding station is equipped with a movable rotating head that moves horizontally and rotates on a slide rail, automatically completing a full cycle from receiving material at the unloading station, to welding at the welding station, and finally to unloading from the collection box, all without manual intervention. Multiple sets of lower electrode assemblies arranged radially on the welding disc can move independently along sliding grooves, allowing multiple stations to perform different stages of tasks such as clamping, cleaning, and welding in parallel. More importantly, during welding, the suction groove around the welding disc forms a ring-shaped negative pressure barrier, which, together with the movable cleaning positioning groove and the localized negative pressure air ring of the lower electrode assembly's annular groove, constitutes a multi-level, three-dimensional fume capture network. This interconnected structure effectively confines welding fumes to their source and removes them promptly, improving the working environment and meeting the requirements of modern green manufacturing. The retractable discharge port of the feeding structure, in conjunction with a vision positioning sensor, can accurately feed parts of different sizes. The support groove, adjustable clamping parts, and multi-angle rotation function of the lower electrode assembly allow for the stable clamping of various parts, from small nuts to larger plates. The multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the upper electrode structure ensures precise positioning of the welding torch. This reduces reliance on specialized tooling, shortens product changeover time, and further reduces auxiliary time through parallel operations and seamless process connections, thereby improving the overall efficiency and equipment utilization of projection welding production. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Structural diagram of a projection welding machine used for welding production of automotive parts; Figure 2 This is a top view of the collection box; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower electrode structure; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the lower electrode assembly; Figure 5 This is a split view of the lower electrode assembly; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the rotating hemispherical seat II; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 Structural diagram of the cleaning positioning component (view 1); Figure 9 Structural diagram of the cleaning positioning component (view 2); Figure 10 This is a diagram of the material feeding structure; Figure 11 This is a diagram of the upper electrode structure; Reference numerals: 1. Collection box; 2. Lower electrode structure; 201. Welding seat; 202. Lower electrode assembly; 203. Cleaning positioning assembly; 20301. Lifting platform; 20302. Rotating column; 20303. Limiting seat; 20304. Suction hole two; 20305. Cleaning positioning frame; 20306. Storage slot; 20307. Cleaning positioning slot; 204. Welding disc; 205. Mounting slot; 206. Sliding slot; 207. Suction slot; 208. Moving flipping head; 20801. Support cylinder; 20802. Telescopic seat; 20803. Rotating hemispherical seat one 20804, Rotating hemispherical seat II; 20805, Slider; 20806, Buffer spring; 20807, Annular groove; 20808, Support groove; 20809, Adsorption hole I; 20810, Notch; 20811, Rotating frame; 20812, Clamping frame; 20813, Negative pressure adsorption head; 3. Discharge structure; 301, Storage box; 302, Discharge channel; 303, Vision positioning sensor; 304, Discharge port; 4. Upper electrode structure; 401, Mounting frame; 402, Lifting platform; 403, Telescopic platform; 404, Rotating seat; 405, Upper electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1: This invention proposes a projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the assembly includes a collection box 1, a feeding structure 3, an upper electrode structure 4, and a lower electrode structure 2. The collection box 1 has its opening facing upwards. Two sets of feeding structures 3 are located on the left and right sides of the collection box 1, respectively. The upper electrode structure 4 is located on the rear side of the collection box 1. The lower electrode structure 2 is located at the opening of the collection box 1 and cooperates with the upper electrode structure 4. The lower electrode structure 2 includes a welding seat 201. The welding seat 201 moves between the two sets of feeding structures 3 to achieve welding feeding and position adjustment. Simultaneously, the welding seat 201 rotates at the opening of the collection box 1 to achieve material discharge. A rotatable welding disc 204 is provided on the welding seat 201. The welding plate 204 is provided with a cleaning and positioning component 203 located at the center of the welding plate 204 and a lower electrode component 202 that moves along the outer periphery of the cleaning and positioning component 203. The component support end of the lower electrode component 202 is configured with a recessed structure that can rotate at multiple angles, and the surface of the component supported on the recess is adjusted to be level by rotation. The cleaning and positioning component 203 acts on the lower electrode component 202 on the outer periphery through its working end, on the one hand adsorbing and cleaning the component to be welded, and on the other hand pressing and positioning the component to be welded.

[0019] like Figures 2-3As shown, a slide rail is provided on the opening of the collection box 1; a movable flipping head 208 is provided on the welding seat 201; the moving end of the movable flipping head 208 cooperates with the slide rail, and the flipping end is connected to the side wall of the welding seat 201; through the cooperation of the movable flipping head 208, the slide rail, and the welding seat 201, the horizontal movement and flipping of the welding seat 201 are realized. Horizontal movement can move the welding seat 201 to the feeding structure 3 or the upper electrode structure 4 to realize feeding and welding. Flipping can cause the component support end of the welding seat 201 to face downward, sending the welded component into the collection box 1.

[0020] It should be further explained that a suction groove 207 is set on the outer periphery of the welding plate 204 on the welding seat 201; a slag-blocking net is set on the opening of the suction groove 207, and the bottom of the groove is connected to a negative pressure suction device through a pipe; the welding is completed on the welding plate 204, and the suction groove 207 can surround the welding plate 204 to form a negative pressure adsorption ring, reducing the leakage of smoke during welding.

[0021] It should be further explained that the welding disc 204 rotates at the origin on the welding seat 201 via a motor and gear structure. Multiple sets of sliding grooves 206 are arranged radially on the disc surface. Multiple sets of lower electrode assemblies 202 cooperate with the sliding grooves 206 one by one to make radial trajectory movement. By making radial trajectory movement of multiple sets of lower electrode assemblies 202, the position of each component support end can be independently controlled, so that the position during feeding, welding and unloading meets the process requirements, improving the flexibility of use.

[0022] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the lower electrode assembly 202 includes a support cylinder 20801; a slider 20805 that cooperates with a sliding groove 206 is provided at the bottom of the support cylinder 20801, and a telescopic seat 20802 is provided at the opening of the support cylinder 20801; the telescopic seat 20802 is supported by a buffer spring 20806 and slides up and down at the opening of the support cylinder 20801; a rotating hemispherical seat 20803 that is driven by a motor and rotates along the horizontal plane is embedded in the upper end of the telescopic seat 20802; A rotating hemispherical base 20803 is embedded in the rotating hemispherical base 20804, which is driven by a motor and rotates along the vertical plane. The component support end is set on the cross section of the rotating hemispherical base 20804. Through the alternating rotation of the rotating hemispherical base 20804 and the rotating hemispherical base 20803, the component support end can be rotated at multiple angles. This allows the support angle to be adjusted to make the upper end face horizontal when supporting the component, so as to ensure stable contact between the welding surfaces of the two components during welding.

[0023] like Figures 6-7As shown, a support groove 20808 is provided on the cross section of the rotating hemispherical seat 20804; a raised edge is provided around the outer periphery of the support groove 20808; an adsorption hole 20809 connected to the negative pressure device is provided inside the support groove 20808; a notch 20810 is provided on the raised edge; and clamping parts are provided on the notch 20810.

[0024] The clamping component includes a rotating frame 20811 connected to the notch 20810 by a motor 1 and a clamping frame 20812 connected to the rotating frame 20811 by a motor 2; a negative pressure adsorption head 20813 is provided on the clamping end of the clamping frame 20812.

[0025] The components (e.g., sheet metal) in the first layer are first placed on the rotating hemispherical base 20804. The suction holes 20809, through a negative pressure environment, adhere and fix them. The clamping mechanism, consisting of a rotating frame 20811 and a clamping frame 20812, undergoes multiple flips, and then the negative pressure suction head 20813 adheres and clamps the edges or bottom of the sheet metal. This secures the bottom components. The components in the second layer (e.g., nuts, bolts, etc.) are then placed on the upper surface of the components in the first layer.

[0026] It should be further explained that an annular groove 20807 is provided around the rotating hemispherical seat 20803 on the telescopic seat 20802; two sets of coaxial support rings are provided on both sides of the groove opening of the annular groove 20807, and a negative pressure environment is generated inside the groove through a connected negative pressure device; when the bottom component is small, it is completely contained within the support groove 20808. At this time, an air ring is formed between the two sets of coaxial support rings, surrounding the support end of the component and promptly isolating and removing welding fumes. When the bottom component is large, it extends out of the support groove 20808. At this time, a negative pressure is formed between the two sets of coaxial support rings, which can provide a certain support effect for the component.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the welding base 201 has a central mounting groove 205; the cleaning positioning assembly 203 includes a lifting platform 20301 that moves up and down within the mounting groove 205 via a drive structure (e.g., a motor and a lead screw); a rotating column 20302 driven by a motor is mounted on the top of the lifting platform 20301; the rotating column 20302 moves in and out of the slot of the mounting groove 205 by lifting; a limit seat 20303 is mounted on the top of the rotating column 20302; and a cleaning positioning frame 20305 is mounted on the side of the rotating column 20302. The storage slot 20306; the limiting seat 20303 is provided with an adsorption hole 20304 connected to the negative pressure device; the cleaning positioning frame 20305 is provided with a rotating sliding shaft; the rotating end of the rotating sliding shaft is rotatably connected to one side end of the cleaning positioning frame 20305, and the sliding end of the rotating sliding shaft moves vertically along the wall of the storage slot 20306; the side wall of the cleaning positioning frame 20305 is the working end, and a cleaning positioning slot 20307 is provided; the cleaning positioning slot 20307 generates adsorption through the negative pressure device.

[0028] The cleaning positioning frame 20305 flips out to release the cleaning positioning groove 20307 when needed. Combined with the rotation and lifting of the limit seat 20303, this further improves the flexibility and independence of each working end. Before welding, the cleaning positioning groove 20307 moves above the first layer of parts, at which point the first layer of parts is already positioned on the rotating hemispherical seat 20804. Then, negative pressure adsorption is used to clean the area to be welded. Next, the second layer of parts is placed on the horizontal surface of the components; these second layer of parts require pre-set protrusions. The cleaning positioning frame 20305 moves down to press down on the second layer of parts, cleaning and positioning them. Finally, the parts move under the upper electrode structure 4 while in a pressed state. Before welding, the pressing is removed. During welding, the cleaning positioning frame 20305 can extract smoke from the side of the parts.

[0029] like Figure 10 As shown, the material discharge structure 3 includes a material storage box 301 located on the left and right sides of the material collection box 1; a material discharge channel 302 is provided at the bottom of the material storage box 301; a retractable discharge port 304 is provided at the bottom of the material discharge channel 302, and a visual positioning sensor 303 is provided on the outer periphery.

[0030] It should be further explained that the storage bin 301 is equipped with a vibrating feeding plate or a stepped lifting feeding mechanism to automatically arrange, orient, and transport the loosely stacked parts to the inlet of the discharge channel 302. The discharge channel 302 is a rigid guide tube with a specific cross-sectional shape (such as circular, hexagonal, or rectangular) and a smooth inner wall to ensure that the parts can slide in a predetermined posture. The channel may be equipped with an anti-clogging sensor to monitor whether the material flow is unobstructed. The retractable discharge port 304 is driven by a cylinder or electric push rod, and its end is equipped with a flexible guide sleeve (such as rubber or polyurethane material). The discharge port can be precisely adjusted in extension length and angle according to the thickness of the parts to be received and the current position of the upper and lower electrode assemblies 202 of the welding seat 201, ensuring that the parts are gently and accurately released to the preset support position, avoiding bumps and bounces. The visual positioning sensor 303 is a high-resolution industrial camera or laser displacement sensor with integrated light source. It is not only used to detect whether the parts have reached the discharge port, but more importantly, it can capture and calculate the position and angle of the parts placed on the lower electrode assembly 202 in real time during or immediately after the discharge process, and feed the position deviation data back to the control system.

[0031] like Figure 11 As shown, the upper electrode structure 4 includes a mounting frame 401; a lifting platform 402 driven by a cylinder to move up and down is provided on the mounting frame 401; a telescopic platform 403 electrically controlled to move back and forth is provided in front of the lifting platform 402; a rotating seat 404 driven by a motor is provided in front of the telescopic platform 403; an upper electrode 405 cooperating with the electrical and control system is provided on the rotating seat 404; by the lifting platform 402 moving up and down, the telescopic platform 403 moving back and forth, and the rotating seat 404 rotating, the upper electrode 405 can move up and down along multiple tracks, flexibly performing projection welding on the components below.

[0032] Example 2: Based on the projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production described in the above examples, this example proposes a method for welding automotive parts, with the following steps: S1. Equipment Preparation and Initial Positioning: Start the projection welding machine and initialize all structures. The feeding structures 3 on both sides of the collection box 1 begin to work. The vibrating feeding plate or lifting mechanism in its storage box 301 arranges and conveys the first layer of parts (such as plates) and the second layer of parts (such as nuts with protrusions) to the discharge channels 302 on both sides respectively. At the same time, the welding seat 201 moves horizontally on the slide rail at the opening of the collection box 1 through the moving flipping head 208 at its bottom, and is pre-positioned below the feeding structure 3 on one side. The welding plate 204 rotates under the drive of the motor, so that at least one lower electrode assembly 202 moves along its sliding groove 206 to directly below the discharge port 304 of the feeding structure 3, ready to receive the material; S2. First Layer Part Clamping and Leveling: The retractable discharge port 304 of the feeding structure 3 extends according to the part thickness, releasing the first layer of parts onto the component support end of the target lower electrode assembly 202. The part falls into the support groove 20808 of the cross section of the rotating hemispherical seat 20804. At this time, the lower electrode assembly 202 begins to work; the suction hole 20809 in the support groove 20808 activates negative pressure to initially suction the part; the motor integrated in the support cylinder 20801 drives the rotating hemispherical seat 20803 (horizontal plane rotation) and the rotating hemispherical seat 20804 (vertical plane rotation) to move alternately. The visual positioning sensor 303 or the sensor built into the equipment feeds back the surface angle data of the part, and the control system directs the two rotating hemispherical seats to make fine adjustments until the upper surface of the suction part to be welded reaches an absolutely horizontal state. This process utilizes the multi-angle rotation capability of the rotating hemispherical seat, which is a crucial preliminary step to ensure welding quality. If the part size allows, the rotating frame 20811 and clamping frame 20812 of the clamping component actuate, causing the negative pressure suction head 20813 to contact the edge or bottom surface of the part, providing additional clamping force to ensure the part is stable during subsequent movement. After leveling, the welding seat 201 can move horizontally, allowing the station to enter the next process position. S3. Collaborative Cleaning and Pre-clamping of Second-Layer Parts: The welding seat 201 moves the lower electrode assembly 202, which has been fixed with the first-layer parts, to the vicinity of the welding station or the cleaning station. At this time, the cleaning positioning assembly 203 is activated, forming a precise collaboration with the lower electrode assembly 202; the lifting platform 20301 of the cleaning positioning assembly 203 rises in the mounting slot 205, driving the rotating column 20302, its top limiting seat 20303, and the side cleaning positioning frame 20305 to extend. The cleaning positioning frame 20305 rotates around the rotating sliding axis, so that the cleaning positioning groove 20307 on its side wall faces the first-layer parts; under the control of the drive structure, the cleaning positioning frame 20305 descends, so that the cleaning positioning groove 20307 is aligned with the area to be welded of the first-layer parts. The negative pressure airflow generated by the cleaning positioning groove 20307 adsorbs and removes any tiny oil stains, dust, or residual soot particles from the previous cycle that may exist in the area. In this step, the working end of the cleaning positioning component 203 operates based on the position of the part that has been leveled and fixed by the lower electrode component 202, and the positional relationship between the two is precisely calibrated by the system. After the first layer of parts is cleaned, the cleaning positioning frame 20305 can be temporarily retracted or moved away. The feeding structure 3 on the other side places the second layer of parts (with protrusions) on the cleaned surface of the first layer of parts through the discharge channel 302. Subsequently, the cleaning positioning component 203 performs a key linkage again; the cleaning positioning frame 20305 moves down, and the groove wall (working end) of its cleaning positioning groove 20307 gently presses against the second layer of parts. At this time, two functions are achieved simultaneously: first, the surface of the second layer of parts is cleaned by negative pressure adsorption; second, the second layer of parts is stably pre-positioned on the first layer of parts by mechanical pressing to prevent it from shifting during movement. "Pressure positioning" is one of the core linkage functions of the cleaning positioning component 203, providing stable contact conditions for subsequent welding. S4. Precision Welding: After completing the collaborative cleaning and pre-pressing, the welding seat 201 moves horizontally, precisely positioning the lower electrode assembly 202, which carries the stacked, cleaned, and pre-pressed parts, directly below the upper electrode structure 4. The upper electrode structure 4 begins operation: the lifting platform 402 descends, the telescopic platform 403 makes minor adjustments forward and backward as needed, and the rotating seat 404 may adjust its angle, ultimately ensuring that the upper electrode 405 is accurately aligned with the welding point. In the instant before welding is triggered, the pressing force of the cleaning positioning assembly 203 is released, and the cleaning positioning frame 20305 is raised or moved to a position to the side of the upper electrode 405. Subsequently, the upper electrode 405 is pressed down, forming a welding circuit with the lower electrode assembly 202 (conducted through conductive components such as the support cylinder 20801), completing the projection welding. During welding, the suction groove 207 around the welding pad 204 and the cleaning positioning groove 20307, ​​which may move to the side of the welding point, work together to effectively extract welding fumes. The air ring formed by the annular groove 20807 also assists in isolating fumes at a microscopic level. S5. Welding Completion and Automatic Unloading: After welding is completed, the upper electrode 405 is lifted and reset. The welding seat 201 is rotated by the moving flipping head 208, causing the entire welding seat 201, along with the welding tray 204 and the welded workpiece on it, to rotate approximately 180 degrees, with the workpiece opening facing downwards. At this time, the negative pressure adsorption and clamping of the lower electrode assembly 202 are completely released, and the workpiece falls into the collection box 1 under gravity for collection. Subsequently, the welding seat 201 is rotated and reset, and the welding tray 204 rotates, causing the next set of unloaded lower electrode assemblies 202 to move to the unloading station, or causing the clamped station to move to the cleaning station. The above steps are repeated cyclically to achieve continuous automated production.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A projection welding machine for welding automotive parts, characterized in that, include: The collection box (1) is set with its opening facing upwards; The material feeding structure (3) is provided in two sets, located on the left and right sides of the material collection box (1); Upper electrode structure (4) is located on the rear side of the collection box (1); And the lower electrode structure (2), which is set at the opening of the collection box (1) and cooperates with the upper electrode structure (4); The lower electrode structure (2) includes a welding seat (201); the welding seat (201) moves between two sets of feeding structures (3) to achieve the purpose of welding feeding and position adjustment, and at the same time the welding seat (201) rotates on the opening of the collection box (1) to achieve the purpose of discharging. A rotatable welding disk (204) is provided on the welding seat (201); a cleaning positioning component (203) located at the center of the welding disk (204) and a lower electrode component (202) moving along the outer periphery of the cleaning positioning component (203) are provided on the welding disk (204). The component support end of the lower electrode assembly (202) is configured with a recessed structure that can rotate at multiple angles, and the surface level of the component supported on the recess is adjusted by rotation; the cleaning and positioning assembly (203) acts on the lower electrode assembly (202) on the periphery through the working end, on the one hand adsorbing and cleaning the component to be welded, and on the other hand pressing and positioning the component to be welded.

2. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection box (1) is equipped with a slide rail at its opening; A movable flipping head (208) is provided on the welding seat (201); the movable end of the movable flipping head (208) cooperates with the slide rail, and the flipping end is connected to the side wall of the welding seat (201).

3. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 1, characterized in that, A suction groove (207) is provided on the outer periphery of the welding plate (204) on the welding seat (201); A slag-blocking net is installed at the opening of the suction tank (207), and the bottom of the tank is connected to a negative pressure suction device through a pipe.

4. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding plate (204) rotates at the origin on the welding seat (201), and multiple sets of sliding grooves (206) are arranged radially on the plate surface; multiple sets of lower electrode assemblies (202) cooperate with the sliding grooves (206) one by one to make radial trajectory movement.

5. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower electrode assembly (202) includes a support cylinder (20801); the bottom of the support cylinder (20801) is provided with a slider (20805) that cooperates with the sliding groove (206), and the opening of the support cylinder (20801) is provided with a telescopic seat (20802); the telescopic seat (20802) is supported by a buffer spring (20806) and slides up and down at the opening of the support cylinder (20801); the upper end of the telescopic seat (20802) is inlaid with a first rotating hemispherical seat (20803) that rotates along the horizontal plane; the first rotating hemispherical seat (20803) is inlaid with a second rotating hemispherical seat (20804) that rotates along the vertical plane. The component support end is set on the cross section of the rotating hemispherical seat two (20804).

6. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support groove (20808) is provided on the cross section of the rotating hemispherical seat (20804); a raised edge is provided around the outer periphery of the support groove (20808); an adsorption hole (20809) for communicating with a negative pressure device is provided inside the support groove (20808); a notch (20810) is provided on the raised edge; and clamping parts are provided on the notch (20810). The clamping component includes a rotating frame (20811) with a rotating connection notch (20810) and a clamping frame (20812) with a rotating connection to the rotating frame (20811); a negative pressure adsorption head (20813) is provided on the clamping end of the clamping frame (20812).

7. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 5, characterized in that, A ring groove (20807) is set around the rotating hemispherical seat (20803) on the telescopic seat (20802); two sets of coaxial support rings are set on both sides of the groove opening of the ring groove (20807), and a negative pressure environment is generated in the groove by connecting a negative pressure device.

8. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mounting groove (205) is provided at the center of the welding seat (201); The cleaning positioning component (203) includes a lifting platform (20301) that moves up and down within a mounting slot (205); a rotating column (20302) is provided on the top of the lifting platform (20301); the rotating column (20302) moves in and out of the slot of the mounting slot (205) by lifting; a limiting seat (20303) is provided on the top of the rotating column (20302); and a storage slot (20306) on the side is provided for the cleaning positioning frame (20305). The limiting seat (20303) is provided with an adsorption hole (20304) that connects to the negative pressure device. A rotating sliding shaft is provided on the cleaning positioning frame (20305); the rotating end of the rotating sliding shaft is rotatably connected to one side end of the cleaning positioning frame (20305), and the sliding end of the rotating sliding shaft moves vertically along the wall of the storage groove (20306); The side wall of the cleaning positioning frame (20305) is the working end, and a cleaning positioning groove (20307) is provided; the cleaning positioning groove (20307) generates adsorption through a negative pressure device.

9. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material discharge structure (3) includes storage bins (301) located on the left and right sides of the collection bin (1); a discharge channel (302) is provided at the bottom of the storage bin (301); a retractable discharge port (304) is provided at the bottom of the discharge channel (302), and a visual positioning sensor (303) is provided on the outer periphery.

10. The projection welding machine for automotive parts welding production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper electrode structure (4) includes a mounting frame (401); a lifting platform (402) that moves up and down is provided on the mounting frame (401); a telescopic platform (403) that moves back and forth is provided in front of the lifting platform (402); a rotating seat (404) is provided in front of the telescopic platform (403); and an upper electrode (405) is provided on the rotating seat (404).

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