Nano catalysis-chlorella composite carbon sequestration device and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a nano-catalysis-chlorella composite carbon sequestration device and application. The composite carbon sequestration device comprises a light splitting and light intensity adjusting system, a microalgae incubator, a nano photocatalytic reactor, and a red-orange light path, a yellow-green light path and a blue-violet light path which are formed by refraction of a light source through the light splitting and light intensity adjusting system, the microalgae culture device is located below a red-orange light path and a blue-violet light path, the nanometer photocatalytic reactor is located below a yellow-green light path, complementary synergy of nanometer photocatalysis and the microalgae culture device is achieved, light energy is utilized in a full spectrum mode, a discharging port of the nanometer photocatalytic reactor is connected into the microalgae culture device, and a photoreduction product serves as an additive to culture chlorella. The antioxidant enzyme activity of the chlorella can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a carbon fixation device, specifically to a nanocatalyst-Chlorella composite carbon fixation system device, and also to the application of this device. Background Technology

[0002] Microalgae carbon fixation is an important technology in photosynthetic carbon fixation. Microalgae grow and reproduce rapidly, are highly adaptable to the environment, have a higher light energy utilization rate than other green plants, and can be cultivated on a large scale in a short period of time. However, the light energy utilization rate of microalgae photosynthesis is low, usually only 1-3%, because plant chlorophyll can only absorb and utilize red-orange and blue-violet light in the visible light spectrum.

[0003] Artificial photosynthesis using photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using semiconductor nanomaterials is a rapidly developing carbon fixation technology in recent years. The light energy utilization rate can reach 20%, and the range of light used can be adjusted by changing the catalyst. It can complement plant photosynthesis. However, photocatalytic reduction of CO2 usually only produces one-carbon and two-carbon products, such as hydrocarbons, acids, aldehydes, and alcohols. These substances have certain physiological or toxicological effects on plants, and the products can only be used as fuels or raw materials for organic synthesis, with low value.

[0004] The products of photocatalytic CO2 reduction act on microalgae, potentially producing hormonal effects or hormesis. Theoretically, stimulating Chlorella with appropriate concentrations of CO2 photocatalytic reduction products can activate its primary stress defense mechanism—the antioxidant enzyme system. Among these, SOD can catalyze the reaction of superoxide anions (O2-). - The process generates hydrogen peroxide, which is then synergistically decomposed by CAT and POD to prevent oxidative damage to cells. This allows the carbon fixation products from artificial photosynthesis to enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Chlorella vulgaris, thus achieving high-value utilization of CO2 photocatalytic reduction products for Chlorella antioxidant enzyme production. This has significant environmental value in carbon fixation and economic value in antioxidant enzyme production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a nano-catalyst-Chlorella composite carbon fixation device that utilizes the full spectrum of light energy. Another purpose of this invention is to provide an application of the nano-catalyst-Chlorella composite carbon fixation device, which uses the nano-photocatalytic reduction carbon fixation product to cultivate Chlorella and improve the activity of Chlorella's antioxidant enzymes.

[0006] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses a nanocatalytic-Chlorella composite carbon fixation device, comprising a spectrophotometer and light intensity regulating system, a microalgae culturer, and a nanophotocatalytic reactor. The light source is refracted by the spectrophotometer and light intensity regulating system to form red-orange, yellow-green, and blue-violet light paths. The microalgae culturer is located below the red-orange and blue-violet light paths, and the nanophotocatalytic reactor is located below the yellow-green light path. The outlet of the nanophotocatalytic reactor is equipped with an adsorption tube for adsorbing and transferring the products of the nanophotocatalytic reactor.

[0007] Preferably, the beam splitting and intensity modulation system includes a grating and a lens group arranged along the optical path. To prevent the zero-order spectrum (dispersion-free) from accounting for too large a proportion of the total light energy in the transmission grating diffraction pattern, the grating is a blazed grating. The lens group includes a convex lens for converging yellow-green light and concave lenses for deflecting red-orange and blue-violet light, respectively. The concave lenses are symmetrically located on both sides of the optical axis of the convex lens. In use, the grating plane is rotated so that the normal direction of the grating groove surface is aligned with the direction of perpendicular solar incidence, effectively preventing the zero-order spectrum (dispersion-free) from accounting for too large a proportion of the total light energy in the transmission grating diffraction pattern.

[0008] Preferably, the blaze wavelength of the grating is 520–610 nm. More preferably, the blaze wavelength of the grating is 576–580 nm.

[0009] Preferably, the microalgae culture device includes at least two layers to improve space utilization. Each layer is provided with several transparent pipes connected in series, a total inlet, and a total outlet. The pipes of adjacent layers are at a certain angle. The total outlet of the lower layer pipe is connected to the total inlet of the upper layer pipe through a booster pump. The pipe downstream of the booster pump is provided with an interface for connecting the adsorption tube.

[0010] Preferably, the pipe located in the lower layer is connected to the detection device through the first sampling port, and the pipe upstream of the booster pump is provided with an input port for inputting Chlorella culture material.

[0011] Preferably, the nutrient salt input device, air input device, and CO2 input device are connected in parallel and then connected to the input port through a channel.

[0012] Preferably, the detection device includes a temperature and light intensity monitor, a CO2 concentration detector, a light density detector, an ethanol concentration detector, a CO2 reduction product detector, and a nutrient concentration detector. It detects and regulates microalgae growth.

[0013] Preferably, the nano-photocatalytic reactor is provided with several nano-reaction pools, each of which is provided with an inlet for inputting and outputting CO2, an outlet for discharging reduction products, the inlet being connected to a CO2 input device, and the outlet being connected to an interface.

[0014] Preferably, the adsorption tube contains an adsorption pack, the adsorption pack comprising C18 Powder, and encapsulated C 18 A semi-permeable membrane made of powder. The semi-permeable membrane in the dialysis bag can effectively prevent C... 18 To prevent powder loss and to prevent large molecules from being absorbed by the C 18 Adsorption on the surface.

[0015] Preferably, the liquid outlet is connected in parallel with a second sampling port, which is connected to a temperature and light intensity monitor, a CO2 concentration detector, an ethanol concentration detector, and a CO2 reduction product detector.

[0016] In the application of the aforementioned carbon fixation device in improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Chlorella, the reaction medium in the nano-photocatalytic reactor is water, the catalyst is nano-Cu with a particle size of less than 50 nm, the sacrificial agent is 0.3-0.8 mol / L sodium sulfate, and the ratio of nano-copper to reaction solution is 1.1~1.3 mg / mL.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of ethanol mass to culture medium volume is 0.35-0.45%. Controlling the dosage within this appropriate range can enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Chlorella vulgaris within the microalgae culture medium.

[0018] This invention discloses a nanocatalytic carbon fixation device for Chlorella, comprising two units: a nanophotocatalytic reactor and a microalgae culture unit. The two units utilize significantly different wavelengths of light, allowing for complementary light bands: the microalgae culture unit uses blue-violet and red-orange light, while the nanophotocatalytic reactor uses selectable wavelengths. The two units also exhibit significant differences in light intensity, complementing each other in terms of light utilization space: the nanoreactor unit requires light intensity several times that of solar radiation, necessitating the focusing of natural light, resulting in a smaller reactor volume and light-receiving area, thus occupying less space; while the microalgae culture unit requires only a fraction of the light intensity of solar radiation, requiring the dispersion of natural light or even attenuation to avoid potential light saturation or inhibition, and features a larger light-receiving area, allowing for multi-layered arrangement. This complementary design effectively utilizes the space not required by the nanoreactor.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. It realizes the complementary synergy between nano-photocatalysis and carbon fixation in microalgae culture, and utilizes light energy across the entire spectrum, providing an effective and environmentally friendly new path for carbon fixation; 2. It combines the advantages of biological photosynthetic carbon fixation and artificial photosynthetic carbon fixation, realizing the high-value utilization of CO2 photocatalytic reduction products, and can be used for the economical production of high-value-added antioxidant enzymes. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the nanocatalyst-Chlorella composite carbon fixation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Side view of the beam splitting and intensity modulation system;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a side view of the spectral and light intensity regulating system and the microalgae culture device.

[0024] Figure 5 Top view of the grating and lens group structure of the beam splitting and intensity modulation system;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nanophotocatalytic reactor. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the nanocatalysis-Chlorella composite carbon fixation system device includes a spectrophotometry and light intensity regulation system, a microalgae culturer, a nanophotocatalytic reactor, and an interface for introducing the product of the nanophotocatalytic reactor into the microalgae culturer.

[0028] The beam splitting and intensity modulation system mainly consists of a grating 2 and a lens group. A parallel beam of sunlight 1 is incident on the transmission-type blazed grating 2, and the transmitted light is split based on diffraction. The grating 2 includes several beam splitting slots, each of which can split the sunlight 1 into red-orange light 3 (610–760 nm), yellow-green light 4 (520–610 nm), and blue-violet light 5 (400–520 nm).

[0029] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, grating 2 is a blazed grating with a blaze wavelength in the yellow-green light range. For example, the angle between the normal to the grooved surface 201 of grating 2 and the normal to the grating is the blaze angle γ, which is 10° and can be extended to 8~12°. Grating 2 is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), with a refractive index n=1.57, a transmittance of 92%, a grating constant of 1.67 μm, and a blaze wavelength of 578.8 nm.

[0030] In use, rotate the grating plane so that the normal direction of the grooved surface of grating 2 is aligned with / parallel to the incident direction of sunlight 1, i.e., the incident angle of sunlight 1 is i = 90°. This effectively prevents the zero-order spectrum (dispersion-free) from accounting for too large a proportion of the total light energy in the diffraction pattern of the transmission grating. Alternatively, given the angle α between the incident sunlight and the ground, the blaze angle γ of grating 2, and the angle β between the equivalent plane 202 on which grating 2 is placed and the ground, the relationship between these three is α + β + γ = 90°.

[0031] like Figure 3The lens group includes a Fresnel lens 7 and concave lenses 6 and 8 symmetrically located on either side of the optical axis of the Fresnel lens 7. The concave lenses 6, 8, and 7 are located on the same light-receiving inclined plane. The optical axis of the lens group is parallel to the yellow-green light refracted by the grating 2; that is, the equivalent plane of the lens group is perpendicular to the yellow-green light refracted by the grating 2. The angles θ and β between the equivalent plane of the lens group and the horizontal plane, and the yellow-green light emission angle r, are related by the equation θ = β + r, i.e., θ = β + arc(sinγ / n). The wavelength of maximum diffraction efficiency corresponding to a blaze angle of 10°, i.e., the blaze wavelength, is 578.8 nm, corresponding to the yellow-green light region, thus achieving maximum grating efficiency for the blazed grating in the first-order diffraction spectrum. (Reference) Figure 2 From the perspective of light dispersion, after the light is split, the red-orange light 3 and the blue-violet light 5 are located on the upper right and lower left sides of the yellow-green light 4, respectively. The Fresnel lens 7 converges the yellow-green light 4, so that the light is supplied to the nano-photocatalytic reactor. The concave lenses 6 and 8 disperse the red-orange light 3 and the blue-violet light 5, respectively, so that the red-orange light 3 and the blue-violet light 5 are supplied to and adapted to the microalgae culture device, so as to realize the complementary synergy between nano-photocatalysis and microalgae culture device, and utilize light energy across the entire spectrum.

[0032] like Figure 5 The area of ​​grating 2 is approximately 960 mm × 800 mm, and its power to receive sunlight is approximately 1 kilowatt; along the width W1 direction of grating 2, i.e. Figure 5 In the left-right direction, the grating 2 is divided into three equal parts: left, middle, and right. Each part has an area of ​​320mm × 800mm. Concave lens 6, Fresnel lens 7, and concave lens 8 are respectively installed in the left, middle, and right parts. Along the length direction, the size of the lens group W2 > W1 to fully receive the light rays transmitted from the grating 2 and broadened by the grating 2. Along the length direction, i.e., the up-down direction in the figure, concave lens 6, Fresnel lens 7, and concave lens 8 are formed by splicing together several lens units 601, 701, and 801, respectively. The area of ​​a single Fresnel lens unit 701 is approximately 320mm × 320mm, with a convergence factor of 3 to 14 times, forming a light spot area of ​​approximately 80mm × 80mm.

[0033] like Figure 1 The microalgae culture device is located below the optical path of the spectral and light intensity adjustment system, and includes at least two layers to improve space utilization. The first layer 9 and the second layer 10 are parallel to each other and form a certain angle with the horizontal plane. The first layer 9 has several parallel pipes 15, which are located in the red-orange light 3 and blue-violet light 5 regions of the spectral and light intensity adjustment system, that is, below the optical path of concave lenses 6 and 8. Each pipe 15 is about 1200 mm long, and adjacent pipes 15 are connected in series by flexible tubes 18. The pipes 15 in the first layer 9 have a total inlet 16 and a total outlet 17.

[0034] The second layer 10 has several parallel pipes 11, each pipe 11 being less than the length of a pipe 15, approximately 450 mm. The pipes 15 are arranged at an angle or perpendicular to the pipes 11 to maximize the amount of light received by both layers. Adjacent pipes 11 are connected in series via flexible hoses 14. The pipes 11 in the second layer 10 have a total inlet 12 and a total outlet 13. The total outlet 13 is connected to a booster pump 20 via a flexible hose 19, which is connected to the total inlet 16 of the first layer 9. The flexible hose 19 has an interface 33 for receiving the CO2 photocatalytic reduction products from the nano-photocatalytic reactor; the interface 33 is located upstream of the total inlet 16.

[0035] The pipe 11 near the main outlet 13 is equipped with a culture material inlet 22, a sampling port 27, a nutrient salt input device 23, an air input device 24, and a CO2 input device 25 connected in parallel and connected to the inlet 22 through a channel 26; the sampling port 27 is connected to various detectors, such as a temperature and light intensity monitor 28, a CO2 concentration detector 29, a light density detector 30, a CO2 reduction product detector 31, and a nutrient salt concentration detector 32, to detect and regulate the growth of microalgae.

[0036] Pipes 11 and 15 are made of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), which is colorless and transparent, and each pipe has a diameter of 50 mm. Culture materials and nutrients form a microalgae culture medium inside pipes 15 and 11.

[0037] like Figure 3 The grating 2 and lens group are fixed by supports 41 and 42 respectively. The first layer 9 and the second layer 10 of the microalgae culture device and the nano-photocatalytic reactor 21 are fixed by support 43. The first layer 9, the second layer 10 of the microalgae culture device, the support 43, and the ground form an isosceles right triangle to maintain structural stability and prevent shaking. Stabilizers 44 are provided at the bottom of supports 41 and 42.

[0038] like Figure 1 The nanophotocatalytic reactor 21 is located below the yellow-green light region 4 formed by the spectral dispersion and light intensity modulation system, and catalyzes CO2 to generate one-carbon and two-carbon small molecules, such as ethanol.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the nano-photocatalytic reactor 21 is equipped with several nano-reaction cells, which are located between pipes 15. The number and position of the reaction cells correspond to the light spots formed by the Fresnel lens 7. Each reaction cell is equipped with an inlet 45 and an outlet 47 for inputting and outputting CO2. The reaction cells are directly connected in series, and the inlet 45 is connected to the CO2 input device 25 through interface 35 and pipe 34.

[0040] The reaction tank is equipped with a stirrer 46, and a discharge port 49 is located at the bottom of the tank for discharging CO2 reduction products. An adsorption tube 48 is installed inside the discharge port 49, and a CO2 adsorption tube is installed inside the adsorption tube 48.18 The adsorption pack, with outlet 49 connected in parallel via a pipeline, and a sampling port 36, is used to adsorb and transfer CO2 reduction products formed within the nano-photocatalytic reactor 21. Specifically, during use, the adsorption pack is transferred to interface 33, and the adsorbed CO2 reduction products are eluted by the flow of the culture medium, serving as an additive for culturing Chlorella and enhancing its antioxidant enzyme activity. The adsorption pack contains C... 18 Pink, C 18 The powder was wrapped in a dialysis bag to prevent C. 18 To prevent powder loss and to prevent large molecules from being absorbed by C 18 Adsorption. The sampling port 36 is connected to the temperature and light intensity monitor 38, the CO2 concentration detector 39, and the CO2 reduction product detector 40 via the output pipe 37.

[0041] The reaction tank adopts a liquid-solid reaction system with water as the reaction medium. The catalyst is a catalytic material with localized surface plasmon resonance effect, such as nano-Cu, or a photocatalytic material with a narrow bandgap semiconductor, which can effectively utilize yellow-green light. Under yellow-green light irradiation, the catalyst can catalyze CO2 to generate one-carbon and two-carbon small molecules, such as ethanol.

[0042] The usage method of the nanocatalysis-Chlorella composite carbon fixation device is as follows:

[0043] Sunlight 1, after being split by grating 2, forms red-orange light 3, yellow-green light 4, and blue-violet light 5. Yellow-green light 4, after being focused by lens 7 at a magnification of 3-5 times, forms a yellow-green light spot at the nanoreactor position. Figure 5 As shown, the solution volume in the nanoreactor is approximately 333 mL. 400 mg of 20 nm nano-Cu catalyst is added, and 0.3-0.8 mol / L Na2SO3 is added as a sacrificial agent to reduce CO2 to produce 1.9~5 μmol / g / h of ethanol.

[0044] After being adsorbed by the adsorption pack, ethanol is removed from the adsorption tube 48 and placed in the microalgae culture vessel for desorption. It then enters the microalgae culture vessel through the interface 33 as an additive to cultivate Chlorella. The dosage is controlled at a ratio of ethanol mass to microalgae culture volume (m / V, g / mL) of 0.4%, which can effectively improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Chlorella in the microalgae culture vessel. Compared with the control group of Chlorella cultured without ethanol, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by about 19%, the activity of catalase (CAT) increased by about 75%, and the activity of peroxidase (POD) increased by about 50%.

Claims

1. A carbon sequestration apparatus, characterized by, The device comprises a light splitting and light intensity adjusting system, a microalgae culture device, and a nano photocatalytic reactor (21). The light source forms red-orange light (3), yellow-green light (4), and blue-violet light (5) light paths through the light splitting and light intensity adjusting system. The microalgae culture device is located below the red-orange light (3) and blue-violet light (5) light paths. The nano photocatalytic reactor (21) is located below the yellow-green light (4) light path. The nano photocatalytic reactor (21) is provided with an adsorption tube (48) for adsorbing and transferring the products of the nano photocatalytic reactor (21).

2. The carbon capture device of claim 1, wherein, The light splitting and light intensity adjusting system comprises a grating (2) and a lens group arranged along the light path. The grating (2) is a blazed grating. The lens group comprises a convex lens for converging yellow-green light (4), and concave lenses for deflecting red-orange light (3) and blue-violet light (5), respectively. The concave lenses are symmetrically located on both sides of the convex lens.

3. The carbon capture device of claim 2, wherein, The blazed wavelength of the grating (2) is 520-610 nm.

4. The carbon capture device of claim 1, wherein, Along the light path, the microalgae culture device comprises at least two layers, each layer being provided with a plurality of transparent pipelines connected in series, a total inlet, and a total outlet. The pipelines of adjacent two layers are at a certain angle. The total outlet of the lower layer pipeline is connected to the total inlet of the upper layer pipeline through a lifting pump (20). The pipeline downstream of the lifting pump (20) is provided with an interface (33) for connecting the adsorption tube (48).

5. The carbon capture device of claim 4, wherein, The pipeline located in the lower layer is connected to a detection device through a first sampling port (27). The pipeline upstream of the lifting pump (20) is provided with an input port (22) for inputting chlorella culture material.

6. The carbon capture device of claim 5, wherein, A nutrient salt input device (23), an air input device (24), and a CO2 input device (25) are connected to the input port (22) through a channel (26).

7. The carbon capture device of claim 6, wherein, The nano photocatalytic reactor (21) is provided with a plurality of nano reaction pools. Each reaction pool is provided with a gas inlet (45) for inputting and outputting CO2, a gas outlet (47), and a discharge outlet (49) for discharging reduction products. The gas inlet (45) is connected to the CO2 input device (25). The discharge outlets (49) are connected in parallel and provided with a second sampling port (36).

8. The device of claim 1, wherein, The adsorption tube (48) is provided with an adsorption bag, which comprises C 18 powder, and a semi-permeable membrane wrapping the C 18 powder.

9. The device of any one of claims 1-8 for use in improving the activity of chlorella antioxidant enzymes. The catalyst used in the nano photocatalytic reactor (21) is nano copper with a particle size of less than 50 nm. The sacrificial agent is 0.3-0.8 mol / L sodium sulfite. The ratio of nano copper to reaction liquid is 1.1-1.3 mg / mL.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mass of ethanol introduced into the microalgae culture device by the nano photocatalytic reactor (21) and the volume of the culture solution are in a ratio of m / V = 0.35-0.45%.

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