Unloading humidifying environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device

Abstract

The invention discloses an unloading humidifying environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device which comprises two supporting devices which are respectively fixed on supporting ribs of two opposite sections of a slope crack fault and are used for monitoring the displacement of the slope crack fault. Each supporting device is provided with a sensing mechanism used for conducting displacement sensing on the slope crack fault surface. The pipe body is connected between the two supporting devices; and the displacement sensing system is arranged in the pipe body and can be matched with the sensing mechanism to carry out displacement monitoring on the upper section and the lower section of the slope crack fault. The intelligent overload protection system of the device can resist the extreme mechanical environment at the last moment when a disaster occurs, the sensor and data are preserved to the maximum extent, and a complete displacement and time curve at the moment before damage is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention specifically relates to the field of slope displacement monitoring technology, and more specifically to an intelligent monitoring device for crack and fault displacement in unloaded and humidified slopes. Background Technology

[0002] In complex geological and hydrological environments, the stability of soil and rock slopes is directly related to the safety of infrastructure and the safety of people's lives and property. In particular, under the coupling effect of unloading and wetting caused by reservoir water level changes, rainfall infiltration or engineering excavation, the mechanical properties of soil and rock deteriorate, and new deformations are easily generated at the original structural surfaces (such as cracks and faults) or the expansion of existing deformations is accelerated.

[0003] Currently, the monitoring of slope cracks and fault displacement mainly relies on the following technical methods, but these all have significant limitations in practical applications, especially in harsh dynamic environments such as unloading and wetting:

[0004] 1. Multi-point displacement gauges and inclinometers: These devices can measure deep displacements, but they lack sensitivity to subtle changes in shallow cracks and fault opening / closing. Furthermore, they are complex to install and costly. More importantly, when slopes experience severe or sudden instability, their sensor probes, connecting cables, and reading instruments are easily broken or crushed during large deformations of the soil and rock mass. This results in data interruption just before the most critical disaster, creating a "data black box." This prevents researchers from obtaining complete displacement-time curves before failure, severely hindering disaster mechanism analysis and early warning model optimization.

[0005] 2. Modern electronic sensing technologies (such as GNSS, hydrostatic levels, fiber optic sensors, etc.): While these devices achieve high precision and automation, their sensing units and circuit systems are extremely vulnerable to extreme mechanical impacts (such as the violent vibrations and compression during a collapse). Existing systems generally lack active physical protection mechanisms for core sensing components. Once a disaster occurs, expensive sensors are often destroyed along with the slope, resulting in the loss of critical data and significant equipment damage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, this invention proposes an intelligent monitoring device for slope crack and fault displacement in an unloaded and humidified environment to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent monitoring device for crack and fault displacement in an unloaded and humidified environment slope, comprising:

[0008] The support device is provided in two parts and is fixed on the support bars of two opposite sections of the slope crack fault, and each of the support devices is equipped with a sensing mechanism for sensing the displacement of the slope crack fault surface.

[0009] The tube body is connected between two support devices;

[0010] The displacement sensing system is installed inside the tube and can work with the sensing mechanism to monitor the displacement of the upper and lower sections of the slope crack fault.

[0011] And an overload protection system, which is installed on the pipe body, when the slope crack fault plane exerts excessive pressure on the sensing mechanism and reaches the set monitoring distance displacement, the overload protection system can execute the protection command "locking protection of displacement sensing system" issued by the displacement monitoring system.

[0012] Optionally, the displacement sensing system includes:

[0013] A transmission rod is movable and coaxially disposed within the tube, and toothed segments are provided on the side wall of the transmission rod.

[0014] The guide slip ring is fixed on the side wall of the transmission rod and is adapted to slide in the guide groove inside the tube.

[0015] And a helical gear, which is rotatably mounted at the end of the overload protection system via a rotating shaft and meshes with the toothed section for transmission, and a magnetic ring for sensing and monitoring by a magnetic encoder is mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0016] Optionally, the sensing mechanism consists of a pressure rod and a contact rod that can be elastically slidably connected within the support device, wherein one end of the contact rod abuts against the slope crack fracture surface, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure rod;

[0017] The pressure end of the pressure rod extends into the sensing cavity of the tube. When the contact rod is pushed by an external force, it can drive the transmission rod to move through the pressure rod, and the magnetic encoder can sense and monitor it.

[0018] Optionally, each pressure rod and its corresponding pressure block at the end of the transmission rod are provided with an equal sensing distance.

[0019] Optionally, two sets of sensing joints are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the transmission rod relative to the displacement monitoring system, and each set of sensing joints includes at least three semi-circular protrusions.

[0020] Optionally, the height of the three semi-circular protrusions in each group of sensing nodes increases sequentially by an equal amount along the direction of the displacement monitoring system.

[0021] Optionally, the displacement monitoring system includes:

[0022] The cap is fixedly pressed onto the displacement monitoring port of the pipe body;

[0023] The first telescopic rod has one end fixed to the cap and the other end fixed to a pushing component;

[0024] Spring one, which is wound around the first telescopic rod and connected between the pusher and the cap;

[0025] And an accelerometer, which is mounted on the pusher;

[0026] Under the elastic force of the spring, the pushing member abuts against the side wall of the transmission rod, and a long groove is provided on the end face of the pushing member that abuts against the transmission rod. A sensing block that can slide and cooperate with each protrusion is fixed at the bottom of the long groove.

[0027] Optionally, the overload protection system includes:

[0028] A side housing, which is fixed to the side of the tube body, is provided with a PLC industrial control box that can receive monitoring information from the magnetic encoder and accelerometer in real time.

[0029] And locking components, of which two are provided and installed on different surfaces of the tube sidewall;

[0030] Specifically, when the transmission rod moves to the right by a distance greater than a set threshold, a locking component on the left side engages with the first locking groove on the transmission rod to lock; when the transmission rod moves to the left by a distance greater than the set threshold, a locking component on the right side engages with the second locking groove on the transmission rod to lock.

[0031] Optionally, the locking assembly consists of a second spring, an electric cylinder, a spring seat, a second telescopic rod, and a locking block. The electric cylinder is fixed inside the locking port of the tube and drives the connected spring seat. A second telescopic rod is connected between the spring seat and the locking block, and the second spring is wound around the second telescopic rod.

[0032] The present invention employs the above technology and has the following beneficial effects compared with existing technologies:

[0033] Compared to traditional monitoring equipment, which is easily damaged when slopes undergo severe deformation and data is interrupted at critical moments, this device's intelligent overload protection system can withstand the extreme mechanical environment at the last moment of a disaster, maximizing the preservation of sensors and data, and acquiring complete displacement and time curves up to the moment of failure. Furthermore, this invention's device has the following multi-level early warning functions:

[0034] 1. Three-level warning (increased resistance): When the displacement reaches the first preset threshold (corresponding to the first protrusion), the system commands the electric cylinder to move slightly, so that the locking block contacts the transmission rod to generate frictional resistance; this is to provide a "warning" buffer for the initial abnormal or accelerated displacement, which may help stabilize the small displacement and avoid false alarms or overreaction.

[0035] 2. Level 2 Warning (Pressure Boost): When the displacement continues to increase to the second threshold (corresponding to the second protrusion), the system increases the locking pressure, significantly increases the resistance, and issues a danger warning;

[0036] 3. Level 1 Ultimate Protection (Locking): When the displacement reaches the set maximum safety threshold (corresponding to the third protrusion), the system forcibly executes mechanical locking, rigidly fixing the transmission rod to the pipe body. That is, in extreme cases where catastrophic displacement (such as landslides or collapses) occurs, the system forcibly fixes the transmission rod and its associated core sensing components (such as magnetic encoder shafts) to prevent them from being damaged, failing, or generating irreversible false signals due to impact overload. This protects the core sensors and "freezes" the recording of the final effective displacement data before the disaster, providing crucial evidence for post-disaster analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a smart monitoring device for crack and fault displacement on a slope in an unloaded and humidified environment.

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the central tube;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Partial cross-section of the central tube Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Partial cross-section of the central tube Figure 2 .

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Supporting rib; 2. Contact rod; 3. Support device; 4. Pipe body; 5. Overload protection system; 6. Sensing cavity; 7. Pressure rod;

[0043] 401. Pressure block; 402. Transmission rod; 403. Guide slip ring; 404. Protrusion; 405. Cap; 406. First telescopic rod; 407. Spring 1; 408. Pushing component; 409. Toothed section; 410. Sensing block; 411. Helical gear;

[0044] 501. Side housing; 502. First transmission line; 503. Second transmission line; 504. Second spring; 505. Electric cylinder; 506. Spring seat; 507. Second telescopic rod; 508. Locking block; 509. Lock groove. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example: Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent monitoring device for crack and fault displacement in unloaded and humidified slopes, comprising:

[0047] There are two support devices 3, which are fixed on the support bars 1 of the two opposite sections of the slope crack fault, and each support device 3 is equipped with a sensing mechanism for sensing the displacement of the slope crack fault surface.

[0048] Pipe body 4, which is connected between two support devices 3;

[0049] The displacement sensing system is installed inside the tube 4 and can work with the sensing mechanism to monitor the displacement of the upper and lower sections of the slope crack fault.

[0050] And an overload protection system 5, which is installed on the pipe body 4. When the slope crack fault plane pushes the sensing mechanism excessively and reaches the set monitoring distance displacement, the overload protection system 5 can execute the protection command "lock the displacement sensing system" issued by the displacement monitoring system.

[0051] It should be noted that traditional monitoring of fractures and faults is generally limited to collapses from top to bottom. However, minerals such as montmorillonite can expand their crystal structure and increase their volume several times when exposed to water. If the lower part of the fracture is rich in such soil and rock and there is slow water infiltration (such as rainfall or rising groundwater), the expansion pressure will continue to accumulate, like a jack lifting up the overlying soil and rock.

[0052] In addition, in cold regions, the water in the cracks expands by about 9% when it freezes, generating huge frost heave forces. If the cracks are "V" shaped or sealed at the bottom, the ice has nowhere to expand, and the pressure will be released vertically upwards. This is similar to expansive soil and rock, but it is more seasonal and frost heave mounds may appear at the top.

[0053] Traditional crack gauges can typically only monitor the unidirectional opening of cracks. The device of this invention, however, uses two independent "sensing mechanisms" fixed to the two opposite cross-sections of the crack, which can simultaneously and independently sense the displacement of the upper and lower plates relative to the intermediate "tube" reference.

[0054] In this embodiment, the displacement sensing system includes:

[0055] The transmission rod 402 is movable and coaxially arranged inside the tube 4, and the side wall of the transmission rod 402 is provided with toothed sections 409.

[0056] The guide slip ring 403 is fixed on the side wall of the transmission rod 402 and is adapted to slide in the guide groove inside the tube body 4;

[0057] And a helical gear 411, which is rotatably mounted at the end of the overload protection system 5 via a rotating shaft and meshes with the toothed section 409 for transmission, and a magnetic ring for sensing and monitoring by a magnetic encoder is mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0058] In this embodiment, the sensing mechanism consists of a pressure rod 7 and a touch rod 2 that can be elastically slidably connected in the support device 3. One end of the touch rod 2 abuts against the slope crack fracture surface, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pressure rod 7.

[0059] The pressure end of the pressure rod 7 extends into the sensing cavity 6 of the tube body 4. When the contact rod 2 is pushed by an external force, it can drive the transmission rod 402 to move through the pressure rod 7, and the magnetic encoder can sense and monitor it.

[0060] In this embodiment, each pressure rod 7 has an equal sensing distance from the corresponding pressure block 401 at the end of the transmission rod 402.

[0061] In this embodiment, two sets of sensing joints are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the transmission rod 402 relative to the displacement monitoring system, and each set of sensing joints includes at least three semi-circular protrusions 404.

[0062] In this embodiment, the height of the three semi-circular protrusions 404 in each group of sensing nodes increases by an equal amount sequentially along the direction of the displacement monitoring system.

[0063] In this embodiment, the displacement monitoring system includes:

[0064] Cap 405, which is fixedly pressed onto the displacement monitoring port of pipe body 4;

[0065] The first telescopic rod 406 has one end fixed to the cap 405 and the other end fixed to the pusher 408;

[0066] Spring 407 is wound around the first telescopic rod 406 and connected between the pusher 408 and the cap 405;

[0067] And an accelerometer, which is mounted on the pusher 408;

[0068] Under the elastic force of spring 407, the pushing member 408 abuts against the side wall of the transmission rod 402, and a long groove is provided on the end face of the pushing member 408 that abuts against the transmission rod 402. The bottom of the long groove is fixed with a sensing block 410 that can slide and cooperate with each protrusion 404.

[0069] In this embodiment, the overload protection system 5 includes:

[0070] The side housing 501 is fixed to the side of the tube body 4. Inside the side housing 501 is a PLC industrial control box that can receive monitoring information from the magnetic encoder and accelerometer in real time.

[0071] And locking components, of which two are provided and installed on different surfaces of the four side walls of the tube body;

[0072] Specifically, when the transmission rod 402 moves to the right by a distance greater than a set threshold, a locking component on the left side engages with the first locking groove 509 on the transmission rod 402 to lock; when the transmission rod 402 moves to the left by a distance greater than the set threshold, a locking component on the right side engages with the second locking groove on the transmission rod 402 to lock.

[0073] In this embodiment, the locking assembly consists of a second spring 504, an electric cylinder 505, a spring seat 506, a second telescopic rod 507, and a locking block 508. The electric cylinder 505 is fixed inside the locking port of the tube body 4 and drives the connected spring seat 506. The second telescopic rod 507 is connected between the spring seat 506 and the locking block 508, and the second spring 504 is wound on the second telescopic rod 507.

[0074] It should be noted that when the transmission rod is pressed and moves to the right, the helical gear 411 engages with the toothed section 409 of the transmission rod for transmission. The magnetic ring on the shaft on which the helical gear 411 is mounted undergoes a change in magnetic field, which is sensed and monitored by the magnetic encoder, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the PLC control box in real time. At this time, the PLC control box sends a pre-locking command to the corresponding locking component through the first transmission line 502 (the locking block 508 and the transmission rod are in a non-contact state).

[0075] When the transmission rod continues to move to the right, when the sensing block 410 comes into contact with the first protrusion 404 on its movement path, the accelerometer records the vertical displacement of the sensing block and transmits the monitoring data to the PLC control box in real time. Then, the PLC control box sends a "resistance increase" command to the locking assembly, that is, the electric cylinder performs a first-level extension action to drive the locking block 508 to come into contact with the transmission rod, thereby increasing the frictional resistance to slow down the movement of the transmission rod and issuing a third-level warning.

[0076] When the sensing block 410 comes into contact with the second protrusion 404 on its moving path, the PLC control box sends a "pressurization" command to the locking assembly, that is, the electric cylinder performs a secondary extension action to further increase the frictional resistance between the locking block 508 and the transmission rod, and issues a secondary warning.

[0077] When the sensing block 410 comes into contact with the third protrusion 404 on its moving path, the PLC control box sends a "lock" command to the locking assembly, that is, the electric cylinder performs a three-stage extension action to increase the compression strength of the spring, so as to quickly drive the locking block 508 to lock with the first locking groove 509 and issue a first-level warning.

[0078] That is, rigidly fixing the transmission rod to the pipe body is, in the extreme case of catastrophic displacement (such as landslides or collapses), forcibly fixing the transmission rod and its associated core sensing components (such as magnetic encoder shafts) prevents them from being damaged, failing, or generating irreversible false signals due to impact overload. This protects the core sensors and "freezes" the recording of the final effective displacement data before the disaster, providing key evidence for post-disaster analysis.

[0079] When the transmission rod moves to the left under pressure, similarly to the above, the magnetic encoder monitors the change in magnetic field of the magnetic ring on the rotating shaft and transmits it to the PLC control box in real time. The PLC control box then combines the data transmitted from the accelerometer and sends "increase resistance", "increase pressure" or "lock" commands to the locking component through the second transmission line 503.

[0080] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An unloading humidification environment side slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes: Supporting device (3) is provided with two, and is fixed on the support bar (1) of two opposite sections of slope crack fault respectively, and the touch mechanism for sensing the displacement of slope crack fault surface is installed on each supporting device (3); The pipe body (4) is connected between the two supporting devices (3); The displacement sensing system is arranged in the pipe body (4) and can cooperate with the touch mechanism to monitor the displacement of the upper and lower sections of the slope crack fault surface; And the overload protection system (5) is installed on the pipe body (4), when the slope crack fault surface pushes the touch mechanism too much and reaches the set monitoring distance displacement, the overload protection system (5) can execute the protection instruction of "locking protection for displacement sensing system" issued by the displacement monitoring system.

2. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement sensing system includes: The transmission rod (402) is movably and coaxially arranged in the pipe body (4), and the side wall of the transmission rod (402) is provided with a toothed section (409); The guide sliding ring (403) is fixed on the side wall of the transmission rod (402) and is slidably arranged in the guide groove inside the pipe body (4); And the bevel gear (411) is rotatably installed on the end of the overload protection system (5) through the rotating shaft, and is in meshing transmission with the toothed section (409), and the rotating shaft is provided with a magnetic ring which is sensed and monitored by a magnetic encoder.

3. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The touch mechanism is composed of a pressure rod (7) and a touch rod (2) which can be elastically slidably connected in the supporting device (3), wherein one end of the touch rod (2) abuts against the slope crack fault surface, and the other end is fixedly connected with the pressure rod (7); The pressure end of the pressure rod (7) extends into the induction cavity (6) of the pipe body (4), when the touch rod (2) is pushed by external force, the transmission rod (402) can be driven to move by the pressure rod (7), and the magnetic encoder is used for sensing and monitoring.

4. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Equal induction distance is left between each pressure rod (7) and the corresponding pressure block (401) on the end of the transmission rod (402).

5. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two groups of induction sections are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the transmission rod (402) and relative to the displacement monitoring system, and each group of induction sections includes at least three semicircular protrusions (404).

6. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protrusion height of the three semicircular protrusions (404) in each group of induction sections is sequentially and equally increased in the direction away from the displacement monitoring system.

7. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The displacement monitoring system includes: The cap (405) is fixedly pressed on the displacement monitoring port of the pipe body (4); The first telescopic rod (406) is fixed at one end on the cap (405) and fixed at the other end with a pushing piece (408); The spring one (407) is wound around the first telescopic rod (406) and connected between the pushing piece (408) and the cap (405); And the accelerometer is installed on the pushing piece (408); Wherein, under the elastic force of the spring one (407), the pusher (408) is in abutment with the side wall of the transmission rod (402), and a long slot is arranged on the end surface of the transmission rod (402) in abutment with the pusher (408), and the slot bottom of the long slot is fixed with an induction block (410) capable of cooperating with each protrusion (404) for sliding connection.

8. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The overload protection system (5) comprises: A side shell (501) is fixed on the side of the pipe body (4), and a PLC control box capable of receiving monitoring information of the magnetic encoder and the accelerometer in real time is arranged in the side shell (501); And a locking assembly is arranged on different positions of the side wall of the pipe body (4); When the transmission rod (402) moves to the right by a distance greater than a set threshold value, the locking assembly on the left side is locked with the first locking slot (509) on the transmission rod (402); when the transmission rod (402) moves to the left by a distance greater than a set threshold value, the locking assembly on the right side is locked with the second locking slot on the transmission rod (402).

9. The unloading humidification environment slope crack fault displacement intelligent monitoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The locking assembly is composed of a spring two (504), an electric cylinder (505), a spring seat (506), a second telescopic rod (507) and a locking block (508), wherein the electric cylinder (505) is fixed in the locking port of the pipe body (4) and drives the spring seat (506), the second telescopic rod (507) is connected between the spring seat (506) and the locking block (508), and the spring two (504) is wound on the second telescopic rod (507).

Images