Common-aperture visible light and near-infrared polarization spectrum imaging device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a common-aperture visible light and near-infrared polarization spectrum imaging device and method, and relates to the technical field of optical systems.The imaging device comprises a visible near-infrared telescope, a near-infrared imaging assembly, a visible light imaging assembly, a compensating mirror set, an LCVR assembly and an LCTF assembly; the system works cooperatively under a common-caliber framework composed of the near-infrared imaging assembly, the visible light imaging assembly and the light splitting assembly, visible light and near-infrared light are subjected to polarization spectrum imaging at the same time, the voltage of the LCVR assembly and the voltage of the LCTF assembly are accurately controlled, flexible modulation of the polarization state and wavelength of light is achieved, high-quality polarization spectrum information is obtained, and high-precision imaging is achieved. The polarization spectrum imaging system has the advantages of being high in efficiency and dynamic, effectively reducing light energy loss, achieving efficient polarization and spectrum modulation of a dynamic scene, and solving the technical problems that an existing polarization spectrum imaging system is large in size, low in integration level, low in response speed and serious in light energy loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical system technology, and specifically to a common aperture visible light and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of optoelectronic imaging technology, polarization spectral imaging systems have shown great application potential in target detection, environmental monitoring, and intelligent sensing. Polarization imaging, by capturing the polarization characteristics of light, can effectively distinguish targets from the background, enhance target visibility, and improve recognition capabilities in complex scenes. Spectral imaging, by analyzing spectral information at different wavelengths, provides rich data support for material identification and scene understanding. However, traditional polarization spectral imaging systems often employ discrete polarization modulation and spectral splitting modules, such as mechanically rotating polarizers and beam-splitting prisms. This results in bulky systems, low integration, slow response speeds, and significant light energy loss. Polarization modulation methods based on polarizers can cause light intensity loss in non-polarization imaging scenarios, reducing system observation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a common aperture visible light and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device and method.

[0004] A common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging device includes: a visible and near-infrared telescope, a near-infrared imaging component, and a visible light imaging component. The visible and near-infrared telescope, used to capture target light signals, is equipped with a compensating mirror group for correcting optical aberrations and collimating the beam. A beam splitter is arranged on the output light path of the compensating mirror group. The near-infrared imaging component and the visible light imaging component are arranged on the output light path of the beam splitter. The near-infrared imaging component and the visible light imaging component are arranged in parallel. An LCVR component for dynamic polarization modulation and an LCTF component for spectral band selection are also arranged sequentially on the optical path between the beam splitter and the near-infrared and visible light imaging components.

[0005] Furthermore, the visible and near-infrared telescope also includes a primary mirror and a secondary mirror. The target light signal is incident on the primary mirror, the primary mirror reflects the target light signal to the secondary mirror, and the secondary mirror reflects the target light signal to the compensation mirror group.

[0006] Furthermore, the visible and near-infrared telescope has an entrance pupil diameter of 200 mm, an exit pupil diameter of 16 mm, and a system magnification of 12.5 ×.

[0007] Furthermore, the compensation lens assembly includes a first compensation lens, a second compensation lens, a third compensation lens, a fourth compensation lens, a fifth compensation lens, a sixth compensation lens, a seventh compensation lens, and an eighth compensation lens arranged sequentially along the reflection optical path of the secondary mirror, with the beam splitting component located on the output optical path of the eighth compensation lens.

[0008] Furthermore, the beam splitting assembly includes a beam splitter and a reflector. The beam splitter is located on the outgoing light path of the compensating mirror group. The beam splitter is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. The reflector is located on the reflected light path of the beam splitter. The visible light imaging assembly is located on the transmitted light path of the beam splitter, and the near-infrared imaging assembly is located on the reflected light path of the reflector.

[0009] Furthermore, the LCVR component includes a visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder and a near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder. The visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder is located in the optical path between the beam splitter and the visible light imaging component, and the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder is located in the optical path between the reflector and the near-infrared imaging component.

[0010] Furthermore, the LCTF component includes a visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter and a near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter. The visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter is located in the optical path between the visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder and the visible light imaging component, and the near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter is located in the optical path between the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder and the near-infrared imaging component.

[0011] Furthermore, the near-infrared imaging assembly includes a first near-infrared lens, a second near-infrared lens, a third near-infrared lens, and a fourth near-infrared lens arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing. A near-infrared camera for near-infrared band polarization spectral imaging is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the fourth near-infrared lens.

[0012] Furthermore, the visible light imaging assembly includes a first visible light lens, a second visible light lens, a third visible light lens, and a fourth visible light lens arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing, and a visible light camera for visible light polarization spectrum imaging is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the fourth visible light lens.

[0013] The present invention also includes a common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging method, which is based on a common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging device as described in any of the above claims. The visible and near-infrared telescope captures the target light signal, and the visible and near-infrared telescope outputs the target light signal to a beam splitter via a compensating mirror group. The beam splitter splits the target light signal into a near-infrared imaging component and a visible light imaging component, respectively. The polarization state is dynamically modulated by an LCVR component, and the spectral band is selected by an LCTF component. Finally, near-infrared polarization spectral imaging is achieved in the near-infrared imaging component, and visible light polarization spectral imaging is achieved in the visible light imaging component.

[0014] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: The technical solution provided by this invention achieves dynamic modulation of polarization state through an LCVR component and spectral band selection through an LCTF component. Working collaboratively within a common-aperture architecture composed of a near-infrared imaging component, a visible light imaging component, and a beam splitter, it allows simultaneous polarization spectral imaging of visible and near-infrared light. By precisely controlling the voltage of the LCVR and LCTF components, flexible modulation of the polarization state and wavelength of light is achieved, thereby obtaining high-quality polarization spectral information. This significantly improves the system's integration and adaptability, exhibiting high efficiency and dynamic characteristics, effectively reducing light energy loss, and realizing efficient polarization and spectral modulation in dynamic scenes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structural layout of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path transmission of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the visible and near-infrared telescope structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation lens assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the near-infrared imaging component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the visible light imaging component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam splitter component of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the primary mirror mount and stress relief groove of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the subsequent support component of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Box housing; 2-Visible and near-infrared telescope; 201-Primary mirror; 2011-Stress relief groove; 202-Secondary mirror; 2021-Secondary mirror support; 2022-Secondary mirror gasket; 203-First compensating lens; 204-Secondary compensating lens; 205-Third compensating lens; 206-Fourth compensating lens; 207-Fifth compensating lens; 208-Sixth compensating lens; 209-Seventh compensating lens; 210-Eighth compensating lens; 211 - Compensating mirror assembly; 2111- Compensating shim; 2112- Compensating mirror tube; 2113- Compensating mirror assembly retaining ring; 212- Telescope connector; 213- Sunshade; 214- Aperture stop; 3- Beam splitter assembly; 301- Beam splitter; 302- Mirror; 303- Beam splitter mount; 304- Beam splitter baffle; 305- Mirror baffle; 4- LCVR assembly; 401- Visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder; 402- Near infrared band 5-LCTF assembly; 501-Visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter; 502-Near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter; 6-Near-infrared imaging assembly; 601-First near-infrared lens; 602-Second near-infrared lens; 603-Third near-infrared lens; 604-Fourth near-infrared lens; 605-Near-infrared focusing tube; 606-Near-infrared lens barrel; 607-Near-infrared camera; 608-Near-infrared lens mount; 609-Near-infrared locking ring; 610-Near-infrared pressure ring; 7-Visible light imaging assembly; 701-First visible light lens; 702-Second visible light lens; 703-Third visible light lens; 704-Fourth visible light lens; 705-Visible light focusing tube; 706-Visible light lens barrel; 707-Visible light camera; 708-Visible light lens mount; 709-Visible light locking ring; 710-Visible light pressure ring; 8-Subsequent support assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The device, which is a common aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging device, includes: a visible and near-infrared telescope 2, a near-infrared imaging component 6, and a visible light imaging component 7. The visible and near-infrared telescope 2, which is used to capture the target light signal, is provided with a compensating mirror group 211 for correcting optical aberrations and collimating the beam. A beam splitter 3 is provided on the output light path of the compensating mirror group 211. The near-infrared imaging component 6 and the visible light imaging component 7 are provided on the output light path of the beam splitter 3. The near-infrared imaging component 6 and the visible light imaging component 7 are arranged in parallel. An LCVR component 4 for dynamic polarization modulation and an LCTF component 5 for spectral band selection are also arranged sequentially on the optical path between the beam splitter 3 and the near-infrared imaging component 6 and the visible light imaging component 7.

[0023] The aforementioned co-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging device achieves dynamic modulation of polarization state through LCVR component 4 and spectral band selection through LCTF component 5. Working collaboratively within a co-aperture architecture consisting of near-infrared imaging component 6, visible light imaging component 7, and beam splitting component 3, it allows for simultaneous polarization spectral imaging of visible and near-infrared light. By precisely controlling the voltages of LCVR component 4 and LCTF component 5, flexible modulation of the polarization state and wavelength of light is achieved, thereby acquiring high-quality polarization spectral information. This significantly improves the system's integration and adaptability, exhibiting high efficiency and dynamic characteristics, effectively reducing light energy loss, and realizing efficient polarization and spectral modulation in dynamic scenes.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the visible and near-infrared telescope 2 further includes a primary mirror 201 and a secondary mirror 202. The target light signal is incident on the primary mirror 201, which reflects the target light signal to the secondary mirror 202. The secondary mirror 202 then reflects the target light signal to the compensating mirror group 211. The primary mirror 201 is mounted on a primary mirror mount and connected to a telescope connecting base 212 via the primary mirror mount, thus fixing the primary mirror 201 in place. The primary mirror 201 is made of microcrystalline glass, while the primary mirror mount is made of a low-expansion alloy material. A glue groove is designed on the primary mirror mount, allowing the primary mirror 201 and the primary mirror mount to be connected by an adhesive structure. In addition, stress-relieving grooves 2011 are designed on the primary mirror mount. These grooves are evenly distributed at 90-degree intervals along the circumference of the primary mirror mount. The structural design of the stress-relieving grooves 2011 effectively prevents the expansion of the structural material during temperature changes from affecting the surface shape of the primary mirror 201, thereby ensuring the final image quality. Furthermore, the cross-section of the stress-relieving grooves 2011 is oblong, with a straight middle section. The primary mirror 201 has a rounded end, which effectively improves the structural stability of the primary mirror mount when temperatures change, ensuring that expansion will not affect the surface shape of the primary mirror 201. The secondary mirror 202 is also connected to the secondary mirror support 2021. Specifically, one end of the secondary mirror support 2021 is provided with a secondary mirror connecting seat, on which the secondary mirror mount is connected. The secondary mirror 202 is mounted on the secondary mirror mount, and a secondary mirror gasket 2022 is provided between the secondary mirror connecting seat and the secondary mirror mount to adjust the positional relationship between the primary mirror 201 and the secondary mirror 202. To ensure that light can propagate along the designed path, a secondary mirror support base is provided at the other end of the secondary mirror support 2021. The secondary mirror 202 and the secondary mirror support base are connected and fixed with adhesive. The secondary mirror 202 is made of microcrystalline glass. To ensure the image quality stability of the Cassegrain system, the secondary mirror support base and the secondary mirror support 2021 are made of low-expansion alloy material. Both the secondary mirror support base and the secondary mirror support base are made of aluminum alloy. To ensure structural stability, the secondary mirror support 2021 is riveted to the secondary mirror support base and the secondary mirror support base.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the entrance pupil diameter of the visible and near-infrared telescope 2 is 200 mm, the exit pupil diameter is 16 mm, and the system magnification is 12.5 ×. The visible and near-infrared telescope 2 is used to capture target light signals. By designing the above-mentioned entrance pupil diameter, exit pupil diameter, and magnification, the entire optical system is ensured to have good imaging performance and high light energy utilization in the visible and near-infrared bands, providing a foundation for subsequent polarization spectral imaging.

[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the compensation lens assembly 211 includes a first compensation lens 203, a second compensation lens 204, a third compensation lens 205, a fourth compensation lens 206, a fifth compensation lens 207, a sixth compensation lens 208, a seventh compensation lens 209, and an eighth compensation lens 210 arranged sequentially along the reflected light path of the secondary mirror 202. The beam splitter 3 is located on the output light path of the eighth compensation lens 210. Each lens of the compensation lens assembly 211 is installed in the compensation lens barrel 2112, which is connected to the telescope mounting base 212 by screws. The compensation lens barrel 2112 and the telescope mounting base 212 are also connected by a compensation gasket 2111 to buffer impact. In addition to the above-mentioned lenses, the compensation... The mirror assembly 211 also includes an aperture stop 214, located between the fourth compensating lens 206 and the fifth compensating lens 207. The aperture stop 214 limits the beam diameter, reducing stray light and spherical aberration in the optical system, thereby improving image quality. A compensating mirror assembly retainer 2113 is also provided between the compensating mirror assembly 211 and the beam splitter 3 to fix the optical elements and withstand and transmit mechanical stress, such as vibration or impact, protecting the optical elements from damage. The compensating mirror assembly 211 is mainly used to correct optical aberrations and ensure image quality. It also has a collimation function, collimating the light converged by the primary mirror 201 and the secondary mirror 202 into parallel light before it is emitted into the beam splitter 3. To ensure the optical image quality of the system, the compensating mirror assembly 211 employs... Figure 4 The centering structure shown includes a light shield 213 fixedly connected to the telescope connector 212. The light shield 213 is equipped with an extinction plate. The function of the light shield 213 is to block off-axis light rays and prevent stray off-axis light from entering the optical path and affecting the imaging quality. The telescope connector 212 is the main connecting and supporting component. The primary mirror mount, secondary mirror support mount, compensating mirror group 211, light shield 213, and beam splitter 3 are all connected to the telescope connector 212 by screws. The telescope connector 212 provides stable support and fixing points for other components, ensuring that they maintain the correct position during operation. At the same time, the telescope connector 212 can withstand and transmit loads, including weight, vibration, and other mechanical stresses. Table 1 shows the structural data of the visible and near-infrared telescope 2, all in mm.

[0027] Table 1. Structural data of visible and near-infrared telescopes

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the beam splitting component 3 includes a beam splitter 301 and a reflector 302. The beam splitter 301 is located in the outgoing light path of the compensating mirror group 211 and is a semi-transparent, semi-reflective mirror. The reflector 302 is located in the reflected light path of the beam splitter 301. The visible light imaging component 7 is located in the transmitted light path of the beam splitter 301, and the near-infrared imaging component 6 is located in the reflected light path of the reflector 302. When the existing Karl Fischer system splits the collected light beam, a beam splitting prism can be used for beam splitting. Although beam splitting prisms can achieve high resolution and are suitable for optical systems that accurately separate light of different wavelengths, such as stack-scan imaging spectrometers, their size is large and difficult to miniaturize. Therefore, the beam splitting component 3 is designed as a beam splitter 301. The beam splitter 301 and the reflector 302 are designed to work together in a simple structure, independent of the wavelength or polarization of light, and are easy to integrate into an optical system. The beam splitter 301 is fixed by connecting the beam splitter baffle 304 and the beam splitter mount 303 with screws. The reflector 302 is fixed by connecting the reflector baffle 305 and the beam splitter mount 303 with screws, ensuring that the optical surfaces of the lenses are kept in the designed position and guaranteeing the accuracy of the optical path. The beam splitter mount 303 is fixedly connected to the telescope connector 212 with screws to complete the transmission of the optical path. The beam splitter mount 303 is used to support the beam splitter 301 and the reflector 302, and provides an installation position to reduce impact.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the LCVR component 4 includes a pair of visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder 401 and near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder 402. The visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder 401 is located in the optical path between the beam splitter 301 and the visible light imaging component 7, and the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder 402 is located in the optical path between the reflector 302 and the near-infrared imaging component 6. The visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder 401 and the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder 402 are installed by corresponding mounting base threaded connections. The LCVR component 4 is fixedly installed on the subsequent support component 8 by screws, and the subsequent support component 8 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 outside the entire imaging device by screws. The housing 1 mainly undertakes the overall packaging function of the optical system and protects the internal optical devices. By precisely controlling the voltage of the LCVR component 4, dynamic modulation of polarization state is realized. The housing 1 is also equipped with an industrial control computer, liquid crystal controller, DC module and power switch, etc. The industrial control computer is pre-installed with control and image processing software, which can realize the linkage control of the camera and polarization device, as well as the automated processing of related data.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the LCTF component 5 includes a visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter 501 and a near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter 502. The visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter 501 is located in the optical path between the visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder 401 and the visible light imaging component 7, and the near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter 502 is located in the optical path between the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder 402 and the near-infrared imaging component 6. Both the visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter 501 and the near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter 502 are installed through corresponding mounting base threaded connections. The LCTF component 5 is also fixedly installed on the subsequent support component 8 by screws. By precisely controlling the voltage of the LCTF component 5, the selection of the spectral band is achieved.

[0031] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the near-infrared imaging assembly 6 includes a first near-infrared lens 601, a second near-infrared lens 602, a third near-infrared lens 603, and a fourth near-infrared lens 604 arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing. A near-infrared camera 607 for near-infrared band polarization spectral imaging is disposed on the outgoing optical path of the fourth near-infrared lens 604. The first near-infrared lens 601, the second near-infrared lens 602, the third near-infrared lens 603, and the fourth near-infrared lens 604 are all installed in a near-infrared focusing tube 605. A near-infrared lens tube 606 is threadedly connected to the near-infrared focusing tube 605. By rotating the near-infrared focusing tube 605, the imaging focal length can be adjusted to achieve clear imaging of targets at different distances. The near-infrared lens tube 606 is connected to the near-infrared camera 607 by screws. The near-infrared camera 607 is located at the end of the near-infrared optical path and is used to receive near-infrared light and realize near-infrared band polarization spectral imaging. Near-infrared pressure ring 610 is installed in the near-infrared focusing tube 605 at the front end of component 6, that is, near the end of the first near-infrared lens 601. The near-infrared pressure ring 610 is used to fix the optical element and bear and transmit mechanical stress, such as vibration or impact, and protect the optical element from mechanical damage. Near-infrared locking ring 609 is also provided on the near-infrared focusing tube 605. The entire near-infrared imaging component 6 is installed in the near-infrared lens mount 608. The near-infrared lens mount 608 mainly provides installation and stable support for the entire near-infrared imaging component 6. The first near-infrared lens 601, the second near-infrared lens 602, the third near-infrared lens 603 and the fourth near-infrared lens 604 are mainly used to focus the light beam reflected by the reflector 302 onto the near-infrared camera 607 to realize near-infrared band polarization spectrum imaging. The near-infrared imaging component 6 is fixedly installed on the subsequent support component 8 by screws. Table 2 gives the structural data of the near-infrared imaging component 6, and the units are all mm.

[0032] Table 2. Near-infrared imaging component structure data

[0033] like Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the visible light imaging assembly 7 includes a first visible light lens 701, a second visible light lens 702, a third visible light lens 703, and a fourth visible light lens 704 arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing. A visible light camera 707 for visible light polarization spectrum imaging is disposed on the output optical path of the fourth visible light lens 704. The first visible light lens 701, the second visible light lens 702, the third visible light lens 703, and the fourth visible light lens 704 are all installed in a visible light focusing tube 705. A visible light lens barrel 706 is threaded onto the visible light focusing tube 705. By rotating the visible light focusing tube 705, the imaging focal length can be adjusted to achieve clear imaging of targets at different distances. The visible light camera 707 is connected to the visible light lens barrel 706 by screws. The visible light camera 707 is located at the end of the visible light path and is used to receive visible light and realize visible light polarization spectrum imaging. A visible light pressure ring 710 is installed at the front end of the visible light focusing tube 705, near the first visible light lens 701. The visible light pressure ring 710 is used to fix the optical element and bear and transmit mechanical stress, such as vibration or impact, to protect the optical element from mechanical damage. A visible light locking ring 709 is also provided on the visible light focusing tube 705. The entire visible light imaging assembly 7 is mounted on the visible light lens mount 708. The visible light lens mount 708 provides installation and stable support for the entire visible light imaging assembly 7. The first visible light lens 701, the second visible light lens 702, the third visible light lens 703 and the fourth visible light lens 704 are mainly used to focus the light beam transmitted by the beam splitter 301 into the visible light camera 707 to realize visible light polarization spectrum imaging. The visible light imaging assembly 7 is fixedly installed on the subsequent support assembly 8 by screws. Table 3 gives the structural data of the visible light imaging assembly 7, all in mm.

[0034] Table 3. Structural data of visible light imaging components

[0035] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the present invention also includes a common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging method. This method is based on a common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectral imaging device described in any of the above claims. The visible and near-infrared telescope 2 captures the target light signal. The visible and near-infrared telescope 2 outputs the target light signal to the beam splitter 3 via the compensation mirror group 211. The beam splitter 3 splits the target light signal into the near-infrared imaging component 6 and the visible light imaging component 7, respectively. The polarization state is dynamically modulated by the LCVR component 4, and the spectral band is selected by the LCTF component 5. Finally, near-infrared polarization spectral imaging is realized in the near-infrared imaging component 6, and visible light polarization spectral imaging is realized in the visible light imaging component 7. Specifically, the visible and near-infrared telescope 2 captures the target light signal, which is incident on the primary mirror 201. The primary mirror 201 reflects the target light signal to the secondary mirror 202, which in turn reflects the target light signal to the compensation lens group 211. Within the compensation lens group 211, the target light signal passes sequentially through the first compensation lens 203, the second compensation lens 204, the third compensation lens 205, the fourth compensation lens 206, the aperture stop 214, the fifth compensation lens 207, the sixth compensation lens 208, the seventh compensation lens 209, and the eighth compensation lens 201. 10. After aberration correction and collimation by the compensating mirror group 211, the beam is incident on the beam splitter 301. Since the beam splitter 301 is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, it splits the beam into two independent optical paths: a visible light path and a near-infrared path. In the visible light path, the beam is transmitted from the beam splitter 301 to a pair of visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder 401. By adjusting the voltage, the polarization state of the visible light is precisely modulated. Then, the beam is incident on the visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter 501, and further modulated by voltage... Visible light of a specific wavelength is selected by control, and then the beam is focused by a first visible light lens 701, a second visible light lens 702, a third visible light lens 703, and a fourth visible light lens 704 before reaching a visible light camera 707, thus achieving visible light polarization spectral imaging. In the near-infrared optical path, the beam is reflected from a beam splitter 301 to a reflector 302, and then reflected by the reflector 302 to a pair of near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder 402. The polarization state of the near-infrared light is modulated by adjusting the voltage. Then the beam is incident on a near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter 502 for single-wavelength near-infrared light selection. After that, the beam is focused by a first near-infrared lens 601, a second near-infrared lens 602, a third near-infrared lens 603, and a fourth near-infrared lens 604 before reaching a near-infrared camera 607, thus achieving near-infrared band polarization spectral imaging. This allows for simultaneous polarization spectral imaging of visible and near-infrared light. By precisely controlling the voltage of the liquid crystal element, flexible modulation of the polarization state and wavelength of light can be achieved, thereby obtaining high-quality polarization spectral information.

[0036] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device, comprising: The visible and near-infrared telescope (2), the near-infrared imaging component (6), and the visible light imaging component (7) are characterized in that the visible and near-infrared telescope (2) for capturing target light signals is provided with a compensating mirror group (211) for correcting optical aberrations and collimating the beam. A beam splitting component (3) is provided on the outgoing light path of the compensating mirror group (211). The near-infrared imaging component (6) and the visible light imaging component (7) are provided on the outgoing light path of the beam splitting component (3). The near-infrared imaging component (6) and the visible light imaging component (7) are arranged in parallel. An LCVR component (4) for dynamic modulation of polarization state and an LCTF component (5) for spectral band selection are also arranged sequentially on the light path between the beam splitting component (3) and the near-infrared imaging component (6) and the visible light imaging component (7).

2. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible and near-infrared telescope (2) also includes a primary mirror (201) and a secondary mirror (202). The target light signal is incident on the primary mirror (201), the primary mirror (201) reflects the target light signal to the secondary mirror (202), and the secondary mirror (202) reflects the target light signal to the compensation mirror group (211).

3. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible and near-infrared telescope (2) has an entrance pupil diameter of 200 mm, an exit pupil diameter of 16 mm, and a system magnification of 12.5 ×.

4. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compensation lens group (211) includes a first compensation lens (203), a second compensation lens (204), a third compensation lens (205), a fourth compensation lens (206), a fifth compensation lens (207), a sixth compensation lens (208), a seventh compensation lens (209), and an eighth compensation lens (210) arranged sequentially along the reflected light path of the secondary mirror (202). The beam splitting component (3) is located on the outgoing light path of the eighth compensation lens (210).

5. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam splitting assembly (3) includes a beam splitter (301) and a reflector (302). The beam splitter (301) is located on the outgoing light path of the compensating mirror group (211). The beam splitter (301) is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. The reflector (302) is located on the reflected light path of the beam splitter (301). The visible light imaging assembly (7) is located on the transmitted light path of the beam splitter (301). The near-infrared imaging assembly (6) is located on the reflected light path of the reflector (302).

6. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The LCVR component (4) includes a visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder (401) and a near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder (402). The visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder (401) is located in the optical path between the beam splitter (301) and the visible light imaging component (7), and the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder (402) is located in the optical path between the reflector (302) and the near-infrared imaging component (6).

7. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The LCTF component (5) includes a visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter (501) and a near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter (502). The visible light band liquid crystal tunable filter (501) is located in the optical path between the visible light band liquid crystal phase retarder (401) and the visible light imaging component (7), and the near-infrared band liquid crystal tunable filter (502) is located in the optical path between the near-infrared band liquid crystal phase retarder (402) and the near-infrared imaging component (6).

8. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The near-infrared imaging assembly (6) includes a first near-infrared lens (601), a second near-infrared lens (602), a third near-infrared lens (603) and a fourth near-infrared lens (604) arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing. A near-infrared camera (607) for near-infrared band polarization spectrum imaging is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the fourth near-infrared lens (604).

9. The common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light imaging component (7) includes a first visible light lens (701), a second visible light lens (702), a third visible light lens (703) and a fourth visible light lens (704) arranged sequentially along the optical path for focusing. A visible light camera (707) for visible light polarization spectrum imaging is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the fourth visible light lens (704).

10. A common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging method, wherein the method is implemented based on a common-aperture visible and near-infrared polarization spectroscopy imaging device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The visible and near-infrared telescope (2) captures the target light signal. The visible and near-infrared telescope (2) outputs the target light signal to the beam splitter (3) through the compensation mirror group (211). The beam splitter (3) splits the target light signal into the near-infrared imaging component (6) and the visible light imaging component (7). The polarization state is dynamically modulated by the LCVR component (4), and the spectral band is selected by the LCTF component (5). Finally, near-infrared polarization spectral imaging is realized in the near-infrared imaging component (6), and visible light polarization spectral imaging is realized in the visible light imaging component (7).

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