Modularized energy storage power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular energy storage power supply system, which comprises a BMS control unit, at least one group of battery cell units and a base, and is characterized in that each battery cell unit comprises an outer shell, a battery pack and a control assembly; the BMS control unit comprises an inverter, an electric input socket, an electric output socket and a current control switch; the base comprises a supporting plate and a Foma wheel; the energy storage system provided by the invention has a household energy storage system solution which is highly modular in design and can be flexibly configured and expanded; the system supports a user to preset a power distribution strategy, dynamically adjusts the energy storage capacity based on actual demands, optimizes the convenience of installation and maintenance, further forms a community micro-grid in power utilization setting, automatically regulates and optimizes power storage and power utilization, ensures the anti-risk and stable capability of the energy storage system, realizes efficient utilization of energy and cost optimization, and improves the energy utilization efficiency. Active protection is combined in the aspect of fire safety, and a safety blocking mechanism is introduced, so that the overall safety and adaptability of the system are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage power system technology, and specifically to a modular energy storage power system. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development and rapid popularization of the electric vehicle industry, lithium-ion battery technology continues to advance, its manufacturing costs are gradually decreasing, and its energy density and cycle life have been significantly improved. Against this backdrop, using photovoltaic power generation systems to store surplus electricity generated during the day in batteries and then supplying power to household loads at night or when sunlight is insufficient has become an increasingly popular energy utilization method. This integrated photovoltaic-storage application model is being promoted and applied more and more widely, especially in countries and regions with significant peak-valley electricity price differences.

[0003] However, current home energy storage systems on the market still have several significant shortcomings. First, most existing energy storage systems adopt fixed specifications and pre-configured models, resulting in rigid system structures and non-adjustable capacity, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to the diverse and dynamic changes in the electricity needs of different households. Second, some products adopt a wall-mounted installation design, which not only places high demands on the installation wall and construction conditions but also greatly limits the later adjustment of layout or capacity expansion, resulting in insufficient flexibility in the user experience.

[0004] Furthermore, fire safety of energy storage battery boxes is particularly critical. While the industry currently employs various methods to handle energy storage battery fires, a common practice is to install fire extinguishing material storage devices on the side or top of the battery pack, utilizing thermal triggering mechanisms (such as thermal shock or fusible elements) to automatically release the extinguishing agent upon abnormal temperature rise, achieving cooling and fire suppression. However, this method essentially relies on "external intervention for fire suppression" and still has certain limitations. Typical energy storage systems integrate a large number of lithium-ion cells. If one cell experiences thermal runaway or even catches fire, the resulting high temperature can easily trigger a chain reaction in adjacent cells, causing the fire to spread rapidly and potentially leading to severe damage or even complete failure of the entire energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies in the above aspects, the purpose of this invention is to provide a home energy storage system solution with a highly modular design that can be flexibly configured and expanded. This system allows users to dynamically adjust the energy storage capacity according to actual needs, optimizes the convenience of installation and maintenance, and introduces active protection and isolation mechanisms for fire safety, thereby significantly improving the overall safety and adaptability of the system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a modular energy storage power system, including a BMS control unit, a battery cell unit, and a base. The battery cell unit is provided in at least one set, and the battery cell unit includes a housing, a battery pack, and a control component. A wiring groove is provided on one side of the housing. The control component also has an electrical plug hole and a relay switch exposed at the wiring groove. A cable for electrical connection is provided between two sets of the battery cell units. The BMS control unit includes an inverter, electrical input and output sockets, and a current control switch. The base includes a support plate and a caster wheel.

[0007] As a further feature of the above scheme, the electrical plug holes on the base plate include left A hole and left B hole for electrical connection, and right A hole and right B hole for electrical connection. Multiple battery cells are connected in series or in parallel by cables with sockets that match the electrical plug holes.

[0008] As a further feature of the above scheme, the battery cell unit is provided with matching mounting posts and mounting feet. Multiple sets of the battery cell units are stacked and positioned by the mounting posts and mounting feet. A bridging plate is also provided between the battery cell units. The bridging plate is used to fix two adjacent battery cell units. A mesh plate is provided on the outer casing opposite the wiring slot.

[0009] As a further provision of the above scheme, the battery cell unit also includes a base plate and a bracket. The battery pack is mounted on the bracket, and the bracket is fixed to the base plate with bolts. The bracket abuts against the base plate and the inner wall of the outer shell to form a support. The bracket is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material, including but not limited to using a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating to make an insulating plate to form the bracket. The base plate and the inner wall of the outer shell are sprayed with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating. The outer shell is also equipped with a perfluorohexanone device with an infrared flame detector. The perfluorohexanone device is powered by the battery pack. After activation, it sprays the battery pack in a directional manner to extinguish open flames. In the event of thermal runaway, the high-temperature resistant ceramic material bracket can form a temporary support layer. Based on its support setting, the remaining battery cell units on the upper layer are prevented from falling, and the entire system is prevented from collapsing, forming a physical isolation. In conjunction with the perfluorohexanone device triggered by a sensor, the thermally runaway battery cell is cooled and extinguished. The sprayed perfluorohexanone and ceramic material can also inhibit the spread, forming a triple flame-retardant mechanism of "isolation + cooling + inhibition".

[0010] As a further feature of the above solution, the battery pack includes several cell blocks, conductive sheets between the cell blocks, a cell casing outside the cell blocks, and a snap-on cover. The cell casing is provided with a locking block, and the snap-on cover is provided with a corresponding snap-on groove.

[0011] As a further provision of the above scheme, the BMS control unit includes a dynamic energy storage sharing strategy, which includes: L1. Two or more BMS control units establish distributed power supply and security protocols with each other, and use account login to distinguish user IDs. The modular energy storage system of multiple BMS control units can carry out point-to-point energy trading in the community microgrid composed of the BMS networking metering strategy through the interconnection interface. L2. Building upon the community microgrid energy trading system established based on L1, and utilizing a distributed microgrid energy storage network, each user in the community microgrid possesses a unique ID for energy trading. The rules are as follows: When user A detects insufficient or excessive energy consumption in their energy storage system during peak electricity consumption, generating a demand for supplementary electricity, the community microgrid system will obtain the energy storage capacity of users within the community microgrid and, after calculation, match them with user B who has surplus energy. User B will then supply energy to user A by utilizing the energy storage system's daily "main array" or unlocking the "backup power" storage. Users B provide energy by lending the stored energy from their own energy storage system to users A who need it during off-peak hours when electricity prices are low. This low-price electricity lending and mutual assistance is then implemented. Subsequently, when the grid electricity supply enters off-peak hours and electricity prices are low, users A, after storing energy in their own energy storage system or while storing energy, can send electricity back to users B's energy storage system through the community microgrid based on historical lending records. If users B's energy storage system has available capacity, they can respond and receive the electricity, which they can then use for energy storage in their own system. Through point-to-point energy exchange rules, a low-price mutual assistance energy storage network is established. The input terminals of L3 and BMS control units are connected to external small-scale wind power, solar power, and other self-generating equipment to assist in energy storage. They are controlled by the BMS control unit. During peak electricity consumption periods, according to the sharing strategy of L1, surplus electricity is output to the community microgrid or members with electricity needs, creating a local low-cost electricity sharing environment. Based on the electricity output of the self-generating equipment, after the community microgrid is registered with the local power grid company for "behind-the-wall electricity sales", users can also use it for power supply transactions with contracted users.

[0012] This ID-based energy trading mechanism enables efficient energy allocation and mutual assistance within the community. For example, when user A experiences an energy storage shortage due to peak electricity consumption, the system, relying on the real-time data acquisition function of the distributed microgrid energy storage network, quickly scans the energy storage status of all users in the community and accurately locates user B with surplus energy storage. User B can flexibly choose to directly supply energy from the "main array" based on its own energy storage situation, or unlock the "backup power supply" when the remaining capacity of the main array is insufficient, ensuring stable power output.

[0013] For example, if user B is not home during the day, the electricity stored in their energy storage system during off-peak hours will not be largely consumed. The system will prioritize transferring this surplus electricity to user A to meet user A's immediate electricity needs. When the grid electricity price enters off-peak hours, after user A's energy storage system has completed self-charging, the system will automatically initiate a reverse transmission process based on historical borrowing records. Assuming user A previously borrowed 5 kWh of electricity from user B, and user A's energy storage system now has sufficient remaining power, it will transfer 5 kWh of electricity to user B's energy storage system as repayment. User B can continue to store this electricity in their own energy storage system for use during subsequent peak hours, or further replenish their storage during the next off-peak period, forming a virtuous cycle of a low-price, mutually beneficial energy storage network. This trading model not only improves the utilization rate of energy within the community but also helps users reduce electricity costs, while enhancing the stability and resilience of the community microgrid.

[0014] As a further feature of the above solution, the BMS control unit includes preset power consumption configuration strategies and battery control strategies. The power allocation strategy includes: S1. Obtain the operating status information of the current series-connected battery cells, add them to the power system's total circuit, calculate the total voltage, and match the corresponding inverter balancing strategy in the matching library. The inverter unit of the BMS control unit balances the input or output voltage. After the voltage is dynamically balanced, based on the obtained operating status information of the current parallel-connected battery cells, add them to the total capacity of the power system, and the BMS control unit inputs or outputs electrical energy. S2. Based on the status of each cell unit in the power system assembly obtained by S1, the BMS control unit removes the information of the cell units that have lost networking, calculates the remaining power system voltage and capacity, executes the corresponding inverter balancing strategy preset in the information database, and stably operates the energy storage system. S3. After the energy storage system completes the self-test process, according to the pre-set power configuration strategy, combined with the peak and valley time regulations of the mains power and the total power energy in the current cell unit, the BMS control unit (1) intelligently regulates the energy storage system to perform discharge or charge. The battery control strategy includes: T1. Real-time monitoring of the temperature, voltage and current data of each cell unit. When the data of any cell unit exceeds the preset threshold, the relay switch of the corresponding control component is triggered to cut off the output circuit of the cell unit. The control component performs T2 detection on the cell unit, and the LCD display of the BMS control unit issues a fault alarm and handles it. T2. A three-level overcurrent protection mechanism is set up. When the overload sensor, temperature sensor, or voltage sensor of the trigger control component detects that the instantaneous data exceeds 1.2 times the rated value, the control component issues a warning signal. When the instantaneous data exceeds 1.5 times and remains for more than 3 seconds, the corresponding relay switch automatically disconnects, and the corresponding battery cell is removed from the entire system circuit. The BMS control unit controls the energy storage power system to start the online self-test of steps S1-S3 and performs stability testing on the system after removing the faulty unit. When the BMS control unit detects that the short-term offline rate of the control component in the system circuit exceeds the threshold, the current control switch forcibly cuts off the main circuit. At the same time, it also records the ID information of the battery cell that has failed and uploads it to the background management system. T3. During use, the system continuously monitors and collects the remaining power of each cell unit. When the power of a certain group of cell units is lower than 5% of the total capacity of the single group, the parallel power replenishment mode of adjacent cell units is automatically activated. The power is evenly distributed to the low power units through the cable to maintain the stability of the total output power of the system. T4. When calculating energy storage and electricity consumption, the system uses data collected from the electricity consumption strategy, combined with historical electricity consumption and fluctuation data from the backend management system server, and future holiday schedules and weather changes obtained through network access to calculate the expected electricity demand for the next 24-72 hours. The energy storage power system calculates and controls the battery pack energy storage capacity of the cell units for tiered utilization: the architecture consists of a "main array" and a "backup power supply". The main array includes the cell units used in daily networking. When the usage is met, the cell units in the network are ensured to maintain 80%-90% of their rated charge and discharge capacity. After meeting the rated electricity demand, the excess cell units are de-networked and enter the "backup power supply". The cell units in the "backup power supply" maintain a long-term reserve capacity of 40%-60% and are disconnected from the parallel by the relay switch of the cell units marked as standby, entering long-term unused standby. The ID information of the cell units in standby is uploaded to the backend management system. T5. Periodically perform capacity and lifespan calibration checks on the battery pack of the cell units. Input small current pulses to the cell blocks connected to the control component to detect changes in their charge and discharge curves. If the capacity decay of a cell unit exceeds 20% of its initial value, it is removed and marked. The corresponding ID information is sent through the BMS control unit and uploaded to the background management system. If, at this time, there are cell units marked as standby by T4 in the background management system, the relay switches of a group of standby cell units can be controlled to restore them to parallel connection and rejoin the network, replacing the removed cell units. If there are no standby cell units, a notification is pushed to the remote user terminal for replacement or repair to keep the energy storage system working.

[0015] Beneficial effects: 1. The system adopts a dynamically scalable architecture design, achieving electrical interconnection between battery blocks through flexible connecting wires. It supports a "daisy-chain" parallel connection method, enabling a single energy storage system to be scaled up to a large scale of hundreds of megawatts. The unique telescopic column mechanical structure allows the spacing between adjacent chassis to be dynamically adjusted as needed, perfectly adapting to the capacity requirements of different application scenarios. The system expansion time is significantly shortened, only 1 / 3 of the time required by traditional solutions. In application scenarios such as communication base stations, a single basic unit (such as a 5.734MWh capacity battery compartment) can quickly achieve multi-unit parallel expansion to build a community microgrid sharing strategy, effectively meeting the economic operation requirements such as peak-valley electricity price regulation. For residential energy storage users, the system provides a completely "plug-and-play" modular kit, allowing users to flexibly add or remove battery blocks according to actual usage needs, achieving autonomous and flexible capacity configuration.

[0016] 2. In addition, the system has intelligent capacity management functions. The energy storage controller monitors the state of charge (SOC) of each module in real time and automatically executes the equalization charging and discharging strategy. This fundamentally avoids the efficiency loss caused by the inconsistency of voltage between units after the system is expanded, improves the overall cycle life and energy utilization efficiency of the system, and establishes power use strategies such as power consumption, control and dynamic sharing. This not only improves the energy utilization rate in the community, but also helps users reduce electricity costs. At the same time, it enhances the stability and risk resistance of the community microgrid. Through community microgrid sharing, members can share energy and effectively meet the economic operation needs such as peak and valley electricity price adjustment.

[0017] 3. In terms of security, the architecture of this invention adopts a single-cell unit design, and the cell unit is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material, including but not limited to using a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating to make an isolation plate to form a support. In the event of thermal runaway, the support of the high-temperature resistant ceramic material can form a temporary support between the upper and lower cell units. This setting not only reduces or avoids the chain reaction of adjacent cells before external fire extinguishing, but also maintains the integrity of the overall structure and avoids the subsequent risks caused by the overall collapse. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the energy storage power system of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operating surface of the energy storage system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked wiring slot structure of the energy storage system of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the parallel connection of the energy storage system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system component structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage of a single battery cell as an outdoor portable power source according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery cell unit of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell unit assembly structure of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. BMS control unit; 12. Electrical input and output sockets; 13. Current control switch; 2. Battery cell unit; 21. Housing; 211. Wiring groove; 22. Base plate; 23. Bracket; 24. Battery pack; 241. Battery cell block; 242. Conductive sheet; 243. Battery cell casing; 244. Snap-on cover; 245. Clip; 246. Snap-on groove; 25. Control component; 251. Electrical plug hole; 252. Relay switch; 253. Cable; 2511. Left A hole; 2512. Left B hole; 2513. Right A hole; 2514. Right B hole; 26. Mesh plate; 27. Bridging plate; 28. Mounting post; 29. ​​Mounting foot; 3. Base; 31. Support plate; 32. Caster wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0028] like Figure 1-8 The diagram illustrates a modular energy storage power system, primarily composed of a BMS control unit 1, battery cell units 2, and a base 3. The BMS control unit 1 serves as the core component for energy conversion and distribution. The battery cell units 2, acting as the main energy storage unit, can be flexibly configured with at least one or more units according to actual needs. The base 3 provides stable support and convenient mobility for the entire system. Each battery cell unit 2 is designed with a housing 21, an internal battery pack 24, and a control component 25. A wiring groove 211 is specifically designed on one side of the housing 21. The control component 25 is equipped with an electrical plug hole 251 and a relay switch 252. These interfaces and operating components are rationally arranged in the wiring groove 211 area, greatly facilitating electrical connections, daily operation, and maintenance for users. Different battery cell units 2 are quickly and reliably interconnected via specially designed cables 253, ensuring efficient energy transmission and improving the convenience of system expansion and overall stability.

[0029] The BMS control unit 1 integrates a high-performance inverter, which can efficiently and stably convert DC power to AC power to meet the power needs of different electrical devices. At the same time, this unit is equipped with various types of current input and output sockets 12 and current control switches 13, allowing users to flexibly adjust the current output parameters according to actual load requirements, improving energy efficiency and system applicability.

[0030] The base 3 uses a sturdy support plate 31, and a brake wheel 32 is installed at the bottom of it. The design of the wheel gives the whole equipment good mobility and positioning ability, which can be flexibly deployed and quickly adjusted in various application scenarios such as home backup, outdoor operation or emergency power supply.

[0031] As a further optimization of the above-mentioned basic structure, the electrical plug holes 251 arranged on the base plate 22 of the battery cell unit 2 specifically include left A hole 2511, left B hole 2512 and right A hole 2513 and right B hole 2514 for electrical connection. Among them, left A hole 2511 and left B hole 2512 are electrically connected through a bridging conductive plate and are independently connected to the positive / negative poles of the battery cell unit 2. The other pole of the battery cell unit 2 is connected to the control component 25, and after passing through the relay switch 252, it is connected to the right A hole 2513 and right B hole 2514 for electrical connection. Multiple battery cell units 2 can be installed in series or in parallel by equipping them with socket-type cables 253 that are fully matched with the electrical plug holes 251, which greatly improves the flexibility and scalability of system configuration.

[0032] Based on the modular design concept, users can significantly expand the total capacity of the entire energy storage system by connecting two or more battery cells 2 in parallel during actual installation and application. The flexible cable 253 connection method adopted by this system further improves connection reliability and ease of operation. This energy storage system can not only serve as a portable power source for home use in case of sudden power outages, but can also be easily taken outdoors to provide stable power for camping, travel, or fieldwork. Users can carry multiple sets of battery cells 2 according to their actual power needs. Each set of units is compact, lightweight, and small in size, and can be easily placed in limited spaces such as a car trunk. In actual use, when a set of battery cells 2 is depleted, it can be quickly replaced with a fully charged unit, thereby achieving uninterrupted power supply and improving the user experience.

[0033] As a further feature of the above design, in terms of structural connection, the battery cell unit 2 is also designed with matching mounting posts 28 and mounting feet 29, enabling multiple units to be stably installed through a positioning and stacking method. An additional bridging plate 27 is provided between the units to further strengthen the fixed connection between adjacent battery cell units 2 and improve the overall mechanical stability of the structure. Furthermore, a mesh plate 26 is provided on the outer casing 21 at the relative position to the wiring slot 211, ensuring both heat dissipation and dust prevention and protection.

[0034] As a further feature of the above-mentioned scheme, the battery cell unit 2 also includes a base plate 22 and a bracket 23. The battery pack 24 is mounted and fixed to the base plate 22 via the bracket 23. The bracket 23 is fastened to the base plate 22 with bolts, and it also abuts against the inner wall of the outer casing 21, forming a robust support structure. To enhance safety and durability, the bracket 23 is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material, or an equivalent heat insulation protection is achieved by applying a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating. Similarly, the base plate 22 and the inner wall of the outer casing 11 are also coated with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating, effectively improving the thermal stability and safety level of the entire battery cell unit.

[0035] As a further feature of the above-mentioned design, the battery pack 24 is composed of multiple battery cell blocks 241, conductive sheets 242 for conductive connection between the battery cell blocks, a battery cell casing 243 that wraps around the battery cell blocks, and a snap-on cover 244. The battery cell casing 243 is designed with a locking block 245, and the snap-on cover 244 is provided with a corresponding snap-on groove 246. The snap-on engagement enables quick assembly and disassembly and effective sealing, ensuring structural stability while facilitating subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0036] Furthermore, the BMS control unit 1 of the energy storage system of the present invention incorporates detailed power consumption configuration strategies and battery control strategies, which together ensure the safe and stable operation of the entire energy storage system. The electricity configuration strategy specifically includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the operating status information of the current series-connected battery cells, including key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, and integrate this status information into the power system assembly. Based on the obtained information, the system calculates the total voltage value and searches for the corresponding inverter balancing strategy in the preset matching library. With the help of the inverter in the BMS control unit, the system dynamically adjusts and balances the input or output voltage to ensure the stability and safety of the system operation.

[0037] S2. Next, acquire the status information of the currently parallel-connected battery cells, including the health status and real-time performance data of each cell, and summarize and update this information to the total capacity of the power system. The BMS control unit rationally schedules and distributes the input or output electrical energy according to the current total system capacity to maintain the balance and efficiency of the system's energy flow.

[0038] S3. Based on the acquisition of the parallel network status, the system further identifies and removes information on battery cells that have lost network connection due to faults or abnormalities, according to the status of each battery cell unit in the power system assembly. Subsequently, the total voltage and total capacity of the remaining power system are recalculated, and the BMS control unit performs corresponding operations according to the corresponding inverter balancing strategy preset in the database, thereby ensuring that the energy storage system can still operate stably when some units fail.

[0039] S4. Finally, after completing the self-test process, the energy storage system, based on the pre-set power configuration strategy, combined with the peak and off-peak hours of the mains power and the total electrical energy in the current battery cell, is intelligently regulated by the BMS control unit to charge and store energy or use electrical energy, so as to achieve efficient energy utilization and cost optimization.

[0040] The battery control strategy includes the following key aspects: T1. The system monitors the temperature, voltage, and current data of the battery cells 241 inside each battery cell unit 2 in real time. When the temperature of any battery cell 241 exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system immediately triggers the relay switch 252 of the control component 25 to cut off the output circuit of the battery cell unit 2 to prevent overheating risk. At the same time, a clear high temperature alarm is issued to the user through the LCD display of the BMS control unit 1.

[0041] T2. A three-level overcurrent protection mechanism is set up. When the overload sensor, temperature sensor, or voltage sensor of the trigger control component 25 detects that the instantaneous data exceeds 1.2 times the rated value, the control component 25 issues a warning signal. When the instantaneous data exceeds 1.5 times and remains for more than 3 seconds, the corresponding relay switch 252 automatically disconnects, removing the corresponding battery cell unit 2 from the entire system circuit. The BMS control unit 1 controls the energy storage power system to start the online self-test of steps S1-S3 to perform stability testing on the system after removing the faulty unit. If the BMS control unit 1 detects that the short-term offline rate of the control component 25 in the system circuit exceeds the threshold, the current control switch 13 forcibly cuts off the main circuit. At the same time, the ID information of the aforementioned faulty battery cell unit 2 is recorded and uploaded to the background management system.

[0042] T3. Collect and analyze the remaining power information of each cell unit 2. When it is found that the power of a certain group of cell units 2 drops to less than 5% of the total capacity, the system automatically starts the parallel power replenishment mode of adjacent cell units 2, and distributes the power evenly to the low power units through the dedicated cable 253, effectively maintaining the stability and continuity of the total output power of the system.

[0043] T4. When calculating energy storage and electricity consumption, the system uses data collected from the electricity consumption strategy, combined with historical electricity consumption and fluctuation data from the back-end management system server, and future holiday schedules and weather changes obtained through network access to calculate the expected electricity demand for the next 24-72 hours. The energy storage power system calculates and controls the energy storage capacity of the battery pack 24 of cell unit 2 for gradient utilization: the architecture consists of a "main array" and a "backup power supply". The main array includes cell units 2 used in daily networking. When the usage is met, the cell units 2 in the network are ensured to maintain 80%-90% of their rated charge and discharge capacity. After meeting the rated electricity demand, the excess cell units 2 are disconnected from the network and enter the "backup power supply". The long-term reserve capacity of the cell units 2 in the "backup power supply" is maintained in the range of 40%-60%. The parallel connection is disconnected by the relay switch 252 of the cell units 2 marked as standby, and they enter a long-term unused standby state. The ID information of the standby cell units 2 is uploaded to the back-end management system.

[0044] T5. Periodically perform capacity and lifespan calibration checks on the battery pack 24 of cell unit 2. A small current pulse is input to the cell block 241 connected to the control component 25 to detect changes in its charge / discharge curve. If the capacity decay of cell unit 2 exceeds 20% of its initial value, it will be removed and marked. The corresponding ID information will be sent through the BMS control unit 1 and uploaded to the background management system. If a cell unit 2 marked T4 and in standby mode exists in the background management system, the relay switches 252 of a group of cell units 1 in standby mode can be controlled to restore parallel connection and add them to the network, replacing the removed cell unit 2. If no cell unit 1 is in standby mode, a notification is pushed to the remote user terminal, requesting replacement or repair, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the energy storage system.

[0045] As described above, each of the battery cell units 2 connected in parallel to the main circuit of the present invention has a main relay switch 252 and a bypass switch in its control component 25. When the control unit 1 performs a rejection operation on any battery cell unit 2, it mainly controls it by controlling the bypass switch or the relay switch 252. The relay switch 252 is mainly used to disconnect in the event of a dangerous situation, while the bypass switch is mainly used to remove the battery cell unit 2 from the main circuit by short-circuiting.

[0046] Based on the above technical solutions, the energy storage power system of the present invention not only realizes flexible expansion and convenient mobility of energy storage capacity, but also significantly improves the reliability and practicality of the system through multiple safety strategies and intelligent control mechanisms. In a home setting, users can preset power distribution strategies according to daily peak electricity consumption and emergency needs, select 1-3 sets of battery cell units for stacking and installation, and easily push them to the balcony or storage room using the base's casters. This does not occupy too much space and can quickly switch to the main power supply for the home during power outages, continuously powering refrigerators, lighting, and communication equipment. When camping outdoors, suitable battery cell units 2 can be directly disassembled and placed in the trunk of a car. With the AC / DC dual interface of the BMS control unit 1, it can simultaneously power camping lights, portable refrigerators, drone chargers, and other devices. The battery cell units 2 can be carried according to usage needs to extend battery life. Furthermore, the system's modular design reduces maintenance costs. When a group of battery cells experiences capacity degradation, users do not need to replace the entire device; they only need to disassemble the faulty unit. Thanks to the positioning structure of the mounting posts and feet, skilled users can replace the unit within 10 minutes. The design of the bridging plate and high-temperature resistant bracket ensures structural stability during long-term stacking. Moreover, the ceramic coating design of the battery cell casing not only provides a fire isolation mechanism but also effectively insulates the battery pack in outdoor environments as low as -10°C, maintaining a discharge efficiency of over 90%. This combination of flexible expansion, convenient mobility, intelligent safety, and easy maintenance allows the energy storage system to meet the daily backup and outdoor recreational needs of households, as well as the emergency power supply scenarios of small shops, providing users with an efficient and economical energy storage solution.

[0047] Furthermore, the above scheme also sets out a dynamic energy storage sharing strategy, including... L1. Two or more BMS control units 1 establish distributed power supply and security protocols with each other, and use account login to distinguish user IDs. The modular energy storage system of multiple BMS control units 1 can carry out point-to-point energy trading in the community microgrid composed of the BMS networking metering strategy through the interconnection interface. L2. Building upon the community microgrid energy trading system established based on L1, and utilizing a distributed microgrid energy storage network, each user in the community microgrid possesses a unique ID for energy trading. The rules are as follows: When user A detects insufficient or excessive energy consumption in their energy storage system during peak electricity consumption, generating a demand for supplementary electricity, the community microgrid system will obtain the energy storage capacity of users within the community microgrid and, after calculation, match them with user B who has surplus energy. User B will then supply energy to user A by utilizing the energy storage system's daily "main array" or unlocking the "backup power" storage. Users B provide energy by lending the stored energy from their own energy storage system to users A who need it during off-peak hours when electricity prices are low. This low-price electricity lending and mutual assistance is then implemented. Subsequently, when the grid electricity supply enters off-peak hours and electricity prices are low, users A, after storing energy in their own energy storage system or while storing energy, can send electricity back to users B's energy storage system through the community microgrid based on historical lending records. If users B's energy storage system has available capacity, they can respond and receive the electricity, which they can then use for energy storage in their own system. Through point-to-point energy exchange rules, a low-price mutual assistance energy storage network is established. The input terminals of L3 and BMS control unit 1 are connected to external small-scale wind power, solar power, and other self-generating equipment to assist in energy storage. They are controlled by BMS control unit 1. During peak electricity consumption periods, according to the sharing strategy of L1, the surplus electricity is output to the community microgrid or members with electricity needs, creating a local low-cost electricity sharing environment. Based on the electricity output of the self-generating equipment, after the community microgrid is registered with the local power grid company for "behind-the-wall electricity sales", users can also use it for power supply transactions with contracted users.

[0048] As mentioned above, L1-L3, this ID-based energy trading mechanism can achieve efficient allocation and mutual assistance of low-cost energy sources within the community.

[0049] For example, when user A experiences an energy storage shortage due to peak electricity consumption, the system relies on the real-time data acquisition function of the distributed microgrid energy storage network to quickly scan the energy storage status of all users in the community and accurately locate user B with surplus energy storage. User B can flexibly choose to directly supply energy from the "main array" according to its own energy storage situation, or unlock the "backup power supply" when the remaining capacity of the main array is insufficient, to ensure stable power output.

[0050] For example, if user B is not home during the day (meaning their energy storage system consumes little or no electricity), the electricity stored in their system during off-peak hours will not be largely consumed. This surplus power from their "main array" will be prioritized and lent to user A, who is experiencing power shortages, to meet A's immediate electricity needs. A record of user B's account will be left on the community microgrid server. When the grid electricity price drops to off-peak hours, after user A's energy storage system completes self-charging, the system will automatically initiate a reverse transmission process based on historical borrowing records.

[0051] Reverse transmission process: Suppose user A previously borrowed 5 kWh of electricity from user B. Now, user A's energy storage system has sufficient remaining power, so it will transmit a repayment signal to user B's energy storage system. After receiving the signal, user B's system will send a feedback signal to user A based on its available capacity. When there is available capacity, the reverse power transmission officially begins, and user A transmits 5 kWh of electricity to user B as repayment. This reverse power transmission can also be repaid in installments or by prior appointment. That is, after receiving the appointment signal, user B can reserve some available capacity in advance to receive user A's repayment when charging and storing energy during the next low-electricity-price off-peak period.

[0052] Furthermore, the electricity received by user B can be stored in its own energy storage system and used during peak electricity demand periods, or it can be used directly for electrical appliances. In this way, a virtuous cycle of low-cost mutual-aid energy storage network is formed in the community microgrid.

[0053] This exchange model not only improves the energy utilization rate within the community but also helps users reduce electricity costs. It also enhances the stability and resilience of the community microgrid. Through microgrid sharing, members can share energy, effectively meeting economic operation needs such as peak-valley electricity price regulation. Furthermore, based on the support and guarantee of microgrid sharing, for users with large daily electricity fluctuations (occasionally one day their electricity consumption far exceeds the usual amount), other users within the microgrid can serve as backup batteries, reducing the need for backup power and energy storage system deployment, thus lowering costs. In other words, once the microgrid architecture is complete, individual users have stronger resilience. Aside from the "backup power" cell units 2 of the "main array," a small number can be deployed, mainly for replacing the "main array." Temporary energy shortages caused by large energy consumption can be met through mutual assistance within the microgrid.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A modular energy storage power system, characterized by: Including BMS control unit (1), electric core unit (2) and base (3), the electric core unit (2) is equipped with at least one group, the electric core unit (2) includes shell (21), battery pack (24) and control assembly (25), the shell (21) one side is equipped with wiring slot (211), control assembly (25) still is equipped with electric plug hole (251) and relay switch (252) exposes in wiring slot (211), two groups the electric core unit (2) between be equipped with cable (253) for electric connection;The BMS control unit (1) includes inverter, electric input and output socket (12) and current control switch (13);The base (3) includes support plate (31) and foma wheel (32).

2. The modular energy storage power system of claim 1, wherein: The electric plug hole (251) on the bottom plate (22) includes left A hole (2511), left B hole (2512) and electrically connected right A hole (2513), right B hole (2514), a plurality of the electric core unit (2) is installed in series or parallel through the cable (253) matched with the electric plug hole (251) on the electric plug hole (251).

3. The modular energy storage power system of claim 1, wherein: The electric core unit (2) is equipped with the matching mounting column (28) and mounting foot (29), and a plurality of the electric core unit (2) is positioned and stacked by the mounting column (28) and the mounting foot (29), and a bridging plate (27) is further arranged between the electric core units (2), the bridging plate (27) is used for fixing the adjacent two electric core units (2), and the shell (21) is provided with a mesh plate (26) opposite to the wiring slot (211).

4. The modular energy storage power system of claim 1, wherein: The electric core unit (2) further includes a bottom plate (22) and a bracket (23), the battery pack (24) is installed on the bracket (23), and the bracket (23) is fixed on the bottom plate (22) by bolts.

5. The modular energy storage power system of claim 4, wherein: The bracket (23) is abutted on the bottom plate (22) and the inner wall of the shell for supporting, the bracket (23) is made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic material, including but not limited to a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating for making the spacer plate into the bracket (23), and the inner wall of the bottom plate (22) and the shell is sprayed with a high-temperature-resistant ceramic coating.

6. The modular energy storage power system of claim 4, wherein: The shell (21) further comprises a perfluorohexone device with an infrared flame detector, the perfluorohexone device is powered by the battery pack (24), and after starting, the battery pack (24) is sprayed and cleaned in a directional manner.

7. The modular energy storage power system of claim 1, wherein: The battery pack (24) includes a plurality of electric core blocks (241), an electrically conductive sheet (242) between the electric core blocks (241), an electric core shell (243) on the outer side of the electric core block (241), and a buckle cover (244), the electric core shell (243) is provided with a clamping block (245), and the buckle cover (244) is provided with a corresponding buckle groove (246).

8. The modular energy storage power system of claim 1, wherein: The BMS control unit (1) includes a preset power consumption configuration strategy and a battery control strategy, the power consumption configuration strategy includes: S1, obtain the working state information of the current series networking battery cell unit (2), add it to the total loop of the power supply system, calculate the total voltage and match to the corresponding inverter balancing strategy in the matching library, and the inverter unit of the BMS control unit (1) balances the input or output voltage; after dynamic voltage balancing, based on the working state information of the current parallel networking battery cell unit (2), add it to the total capacity of the power supply system, and input or output power source by the BMS control unit (1); S2, based on the state of each battery cell unit (2) in the power supply system assembly obtained in S1, the BMS control unit (1) removes the information of the battery cell unit (2) that loses networking, calculates the remaining power supply system voltage and capacity, executes the preset corresponding inverter balancing strategy in the information library, and stabilizes the operation of the energy storage system; S3, after the energy storage system completes the self-checking process, according to the pre-set power consumption configuration strategy, combining the peak and valley period regulations of the mains and the total energy in the current battery cell unit (2), the BMS control unit (1) intelligently controls the energy storage system to execute discharging or charging; the battery control strategy includes: T1, real-time monitor the temperature, voltage and current data of each battery cell unit (2), when the data of any battery cell unit (2) exceeds the preset threshold, trigger the relay switch (252) of the corresponding control component (25) to cut off the output loop of the battery cell unit (2), and monitor the battery cell unit (2) through the control component (25), the LCD display screen of the BMS control unit (1) issues a fault alarm and processes it; T2, set a three-level overcurrent protection mechanism, when the overload sensor, temperature sensor or voltage sensor of the control component (25) is triggered, any of them detects that the instantaneous data exceeds 1.2 times of the rated value, the control component (25) issues a warning signal; when the instantaneous data exceeds 1.5 times and remains above 3s, the corresponding relay switch (252) is automatically disconnected, the corresponding battery cell unit (2) is first removed from the entire system loop, and the BMS control unit (1) controls the energy storage power supply system to start the online self-checking of S1-S3 steps, and detects the stability of the system after removing the fault unit; the BMS control unit (1) detects that the short-time offline rate of the control component (25) in the system loop exceeds the threshold, the current control switch (13) forcibly cuts off the total loop, and also records the ID information of the battery cell unit (2) that appears in the above and uploads it to the background management system; T3, the system continuously checks and collects the remaining capacity of each battery cell unit (2) during use, when the capacity of a certain group of battery cell units (2) is lower than 5% of the total capacity of a single group, the parallel energy supplement mode of the adjacent battery cell unit (2) is automatically started, the capacity is evenly distributed to the low-capacity unit through the cable (253), and the total output power of the system is maintained stable; T4, in the energy storage and electricity consumption calculation, according to the data collected by the electricity consumption strategy, combined with the historical electricity consumption and electricity fluctuation data of the background management system server, through the future schedule holidays and weather changes obtained by networking, the expected electricity demand in the next 24-72 hours is calculated, the energy storage power supply system calculates and controls the battery pack (24) of the battery cell unit (2) to store energy, and the gradient utilization is carried out: the main array and the standby power supply are constructed, the main array includes the battery cell unit (2) of the network used daily, and the battery cell unit (2) ensures that the rated charge and discharge capacity of the networked battery cell unit (2) is maintained at 80%-90% energy storage under the condition of meeting the use amount; after meeting the rated electricity demand, the excess battery cell unit (2) is put into standby and enters the "standby power supply", the long-term reserve capacity of the battery cell unit (2) of the "standby power supply" is maintained at 40%-60% energy storage interval, and the relay switch (252) of the battery cell unit (2) marked as standby is disconnected and removed from parallel, enters long-term standby, and uploads the ID information of the battery cell unit (2) in standby to the background management system; T5, periodically calibrate and check the capacity and life of the battery pack (24) of the battery cell unit (2), input a small current pulse to the battery cell block (241) connected through the control assembly (25), detect the change of the charge and discharge curve, if the capacity attenuation of the battery cell unit (2) exceeds 20% of the initial value, it will be marked and removed, and the corresponding ID information is sent through the BMS control unit (1) and uploaded to the background management system; if at this time, the background management system has T4 marked battery cell unit (2) in standby, the relay switch (252) of a group of battery cell units (1) in standby can be controlled to restore parallel and join the network, replace the removed battery cell unit (2), if there is no standby battery cell unit (1), the remote user terminal is prompted to replace or repair, and the working of the energy storage system is maintained.

9. The modular energy storage power system of claim 8, wherein: The BMS control unit (1) includes a dynamic energy storage sharing strategy, and the dynamic energy storage sharing strategy comprises: L1, two or more BMS control units (1) establish distributed power supply protocol and security protocol with each other, adopt account login mode to distinguish user ID, and the modular energy storage system of multiple BMS control units (1) can carry out point-to-point energy transaction in the community microgrid composed of BMS networking based metering strategy through interconnection interface; L2, on the basis of the community micro-grid energy transaction established based on L1, based on the distributed micro-grid energy storage network, each user of the community micro-grid has a unique identity ID for energy transaction, the rules are as follows: when A user detects that the energy stored in the energy storage system is insufficient or transitional consumption during the power consumption peak, the community micro-grid system will match the surplus B user through the calculation of the user storage in the community micro-grid, B user will supply energy to A user by storing energy in the daily "main array" or unlocking "backup power" of the energy storage system, B user will transfer the energy stored in the low electricity price period to the user in need, and the low price electricity will be borrowed and assisted, then, when the city power enters the low electricity consumption valley, A user will send the electricity back to B user's energy storage system based on the historical borrowing record, B user will respond and receive the electricity under the premise of having idle capacity of the energy storage system, and the electricity can be used for energy storage of the energy storage system, through the point-to-point energy exchange rules, a low price mutual assistance energy storage network is established; L3, the input end of the BMS control unit (1) is connected with external small wind power, solar energy and other self-generation equipment to assist energy storage, which is controlled by the BMS control unit (1), during the power consumption peak, according to the sharing strategy of L1, the surplus electricity is output to the community micro-grid or the member with electricity demand, a local low price electricity sharing environment is created, and based on the electricity output of the self-generation equipment, the community micro-grid can also be used for power supply transaction of the protocol user after the "separation wall electricity sales" record of the local power grid company.

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