Satellite autonomous task planning method and system based on terrestrial digital mirror image

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite autonomous task planning method and system based on a ground digital mirror image, and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft measurement and control. Through the states of a satellite-ground link synchronous satellite and a ground digital mirror image, a task request is received in the ground digital mirror image, a planning algorithm is operated, a candidate scheme is generated for high-fidelity simulation deduction and verification, a feasible scheme is evaluated and selected and converted into an instruction sequence to be uploaded to a satellite, the satellite executes an instruction and feeds back the state, and a closed loop is formed. According to the method, a complex planning and verification process is placed in a ground digital mirror image, the efficiency and reliability of task planning are remarkably improved by using the strong computing power of the ground, meanwhile, the autonomous operation capability of a satellite is improved, and the problems that traditional satellite task planning is slow in response and poor in reliability, and the autonomous planning capability of a pure satellite is weak can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spacecraft telemetry, tracking, and command (TT&C) technology, and in particular to a system and method for achieving high-reliability autonomous mission planning for satellites through space-ground collaboration based on ground digital mirroring, which can be used for on-orbit autonomous mission planning for satellites. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of aerospace technology, satellite systems are becoming increasingly complex, and the number of satellites in orbit is increasing dramatically. In particular, the emergence of large low-Earth orbit constellations poses a severe challenge to traditional satellite mission planning models.

[0003] Traditional satellite mission planning primarily relies on a centralized processing model at ground control centers. In this model, ground operators assess the satellite's status based on telemetry data transmitted from the satellite, combine this with user mission requirements, generate mission command sequences on the ground, verify them through simulation, and then upload them to the satellite for execution. However, this method has inherent drawbacks such as poor response timeliness, heavy ground burden, and strong dependence on satellite-to-ground communication. To enhance satellite autonomy, existing technologies have proposed onboard autonomous mission planning methods, which deploy the planning algorithm entirely on the satellite's computer. While this method reduces ground dependence on the satellite, it is limited by weak onboard computing power and simplified algorithm models, making it difficult to perform global optimization planning under complex and multi-constraint conditions. The scientific validity and reliability of its planning schemes are therefore questionable.

[0004] In recent years, ground-based digital mirroring technology has provided a new approach to solving the above problems. This technology achieves virtual-real mapping and interaction by constructing a virtual model that is highly consistent with the prototype physical satellite. However, there is still a lack of a complete, efficient and reliable specific method for how to apply it deeply to the mission planning stage and build a new paradigm of space-ground collaborative autonomous planning where "the ground is responsible for complex calculations and simulation verification, and the satellite is responsible for reliable execution".

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method that can both comprehensively utilize the powerful computing power of the ground and significantly improve the on-orbit autonomy and planning reliability of satellites. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention provides a satellite autonomous mission planning method and system based on ground digital mirroring. The aim is to utilize digital mirrored satellites to construct a space-ground collaborative planning standard, thereby achieving efficient, reliable, and rapid on-orbit autonomous satellite mission planning.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0008] A satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring includes the following steps:

[0009] Step S1: The satellite transmits its own status telemetry data to the ground system via the satellite-to-ground link; the ground system's digital image selects part or all of the telemetry data for analysis and element extraction according to the needs of different applications, and provides the extracted information to the ground mission system; the ground mission system realizes satellite-to-ground data synchronization based on the extracted information, and updates the status of the ground digital image to keep the ground digital image synchronized with the physical satellite.

[0010] Step S2: The ground system receives the mission request, analyzes and decomposes the mission, and forms mission constraints and planning objectives.

[0011] Step S3: Based on the task constraints and planning objectives, run the task planning algorithm in the ground digital mirror to generate candidate task planning schemes. Use the simulation environment of the ground digital mirror to simulate and verify each candidate task planning scheme.

[0012] Step S4: Based on the simulation results, evaluate each candidate task planning scheme and select the optimal task planning scheme. If the optimal task planning scheme cannot meet the task constraints, adjust the task and resources of the optimal task planning scheme based on the simulation results, load the adjusted task planning scheme into the ground digital image for a new round of simulation verification, until all task constraints are met.

[0013] Step S5: Convert the mission planning scheme obtained in step S4 into a satellite command sequence and upload it to the physical satellite in orbit via the satellite-to-ground link.

[0014] In step S6, the physical satellite receives and executes the command sequence, and simultaneously transmits the status data during the command execution process to the ground system in real time.

[0015] Furthermore, the task planning algorithm running in the ground digital image is any one of the following: greedy algorithm, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, or ant colony optimization algorithm.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the specific method for evaluating each candidate task planning scheme is as follows:

[0017] Construct a multi-attribute evaluation system that includes task completion, energy consumption, time cost, and safety risks;

[0018] A weighted scoring method is used to comprehensively evaluate each candidate task planning scheme, and the scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal task planning scheme.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S5, before uploading the satellite-to-ground link to the physical satellite in orbit, a step of performing a security check on the instruction sequence is included. The security check includes one or more of the following: syntax checking, logical conflict detection, and resource boundary checking.

[0020] A satellite autonomous mission planning system based on terrestrial digital imagery, characterized in that the method for implementing the aforementioned satellite autonomous mission planning method based on terrestrial digital imagery includes:

[0021] The on-orbit physical satellite subsystem includes an onboard computer, payload, and onboard communication unit;

[0022] The ground operations control subsystem includes:

[0023] The data receiving and processing module is used to receive and process telemetry data from physical satellites;

[0024] The ground digital mirroring module is used to build and maintain virtual satellite models synchronized with physical satellites;

[0025] The mission planning and simulation engine is used to perform mission planning and simulation within the ground digital mirroring module.

[0026] The instruction generation and uploading module is used to generate and upload instruction sequences;

[0027] The space-to-ground communication link is used to enable two-way data communication between the orbital physical satellite subsystem and the ground operation and control subsystem.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. High efficiency and rapid response: Utilizing the powerful computing power of the ground for planning and simulation, it is fast and can efficiently handle complex constraints and sudden tasks, significantly improving response time.

[0030] 2. High reliability and safety: All planning schemes have undergone full simulation verification and iteration using high-fidelity digital mirrors on the ground, which can predict and avoid execution risks in advance, greatly improving the success rate and safety of on-orbit mission execution;

[0031] 3. From the perspective of project application, using digital satellites to conduct mission simulation in advance can significantly advance the work of mission arrangement and resource allocation, reduce the dependence on real-time on-orbit operation of satellites, and significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of mission execution.

[0032] 4. Enhanced autonomy: By adopting the "ground-based computing, on-board execution" model, the satellite is equipped with the ability to perform complex autonomous tasks, while avoiding the technical risks of complete on-board autonomy;

[0033] 5. Reduced operating costs: The automated mission planning process reduces the workload of ground staff and decreases the continuous occupation of ground telemetry and control resources, making it particularly suitable for the mass operation of mega-constellations;

[0034] 6. When satellite-to-ground communication is interrupted, the satellite can maintain a high level of autonomous operation for a period of time by relying on the uploaded instruction sequence; after communication is restored, it can quickly synchronize its status and receive new tasks. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a satellite autonomous mission planning system based on ground digital mirroring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital imagery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a detailed flowchart of task planning and simulation (step S3) in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] A satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: Satellite-Ground Data Synchronization and Mirror Construction: Satellite telemetry data is collected using topic subscription, and data analysis and feature extraction are performed through a ground digital mirroring plugin. Mission execution status information is parsed to provide the ground mission system with closed-loop reconnaissance capabilities; payload status information is parsed to drive updates to the ground digital mirror's status.

[0041] Step S2: Mission Reception and Decomposition: The ground system receives the reconnaissance requirements pushed by the superior department, analyzes and decomposes the mission, and forms mission constraints and planning objectives.

[0042] Step S3: Planning and simulation in the ground digital mirror, such as Figure 3 As shown: Based on the task constraints and planning objectives, a task planning algorithm is run in the ground digital image to generate one or more candidate task planning schemes; the high-fidelity simulation environment of the ground digital image is used to simulate and verify each candidate task planning scheme.

[0043] Step S4: Scheme Evaluation and Iteration, Optimization: Based on the simulation results, evaluate the reconnaissance mission implementation, data transmission and satellite resource consumption, and conflict risk indicators of each candidate scheme, select the optimal mission planning scheme, or make targeted adjustments to the initial scheme in terms of mission and resources based on the simulation results. Then, load the adjusted scheme into the ground digital image for a new round of simulation verification. Finally, through multiple "adjustment-simulation" iterations, gradually converge to a feasible scheme that meets all constraints.

[0044] Step S5: Command Generation and Secure Uploading: The feasible mission planning scheme is converted into a satellite-recognizable command sequence and uploaded to the satellite in orbit via the satellite-to-ground link;

[0045] Step S6: Onboard Execution and Status Feedback: The satellite receives and executes the command sequence, and simultaneously transmits the status data during the command execution process to the ground system in real time, returning to step S1 to form a closed loop.

[0046] This method constructs a high-fidelity ground digital mirror that is fully synchronized with the satellite in orbit. The complex mission planning, scheme simulation and verification process is carried out in the ground digital mirror with powerful computing capabilities. After generating a fully verified, safe and reliable optimal mission planning scheme, it is uploaded to the satellite for execution. The satellite transmits the execution status in real time, driving the ground digital mirror to update synchronously, thus forming a closed-loop, continuous autonomous mission planning system.

[0047] A system for implementing the above method, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0048] The on-orbit physical satellite subsystem includes an onboard computer, payload, and satellite-to-ground communication module, which is used to execute commands and feed back data.

[0049] The ground operations control subsystem includes:

[0050] A data receiving and processing module is used to receive and process telemetry data from the satellite;

[0051] The ground digital mirroring plugin is a virtual satellite model that runs on a ground server. It includes a satellite dynamics model, payload model, and environment model for high-fidelity simulation.

[0052] A task planning and simulation engine is used to perform task planning and simulation in the digital mirror module;

[0053] The instruction generation and uploading module is used to generate and upload instruction sequences;

[0054] The satellite-to-ground communication link is used to enable bidirectional data communication between the on-orbit satellite subsystem and the ground operation and control subsystem.

[0055] Here is a more specific example:

[0056] A satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: Collect satellite telemetry data using topic subscription, and perform data analysis and feature extraction through the ground digital mirroring plugin. Parse mission execution status information to provide the ground mission system with closed-loop reconnaissance capabilities; parse payload status information to drive updates to the ground digital mirroring status.

[0058] Step S2: Mission Reception and Analysis: The ground system receives the reconnaissance requirements pushed by the superior department, analyzes and decomposes the mission to form mission constraints and planning objectives. The constraints mainly consider satellite-related constraints, such as single-round imaging duration, number of single-round imaging, solar altitude angle, etc., and the objectives are: maximizing the number of missions and maximizing image quality, etc.

[0059] Step S3: Planning and simulation in the ground digital image: Based on the task constraints and planning objectives, optimization algorithms such as greedy algorithms are used in the ground digital image to generate one or more candidate task planning schemes. The high-fidelity simulation environment of the ground digital image is used to simulate and verify each candidate task planning scheme, and to predict the satellite's energy consumption, attitude stability, payload working status, etc.

[0060] Step S4: Scheme Evaluation and Iteration, Optimization: Based on the simulation results, and according to the different indicators of concern to each project, such as total energy consumption, target coverage, mission completion rate, data transmission and satellite resource consumption, time cost, etc., a weighted scoring method is used to conduct a comprehensive evaluation, and the optimal mission planning scheme is selected. Alternatively, the initial scheme can be adjusted in a targeted manner based on the simulation results in terms of mission and resources. Then, the adjusted scheme is loaded onto the ground digital image for a new round of simulation verification. Finally, through multiple "adjustment-simulation" iterations, the scheme gradually converges to a feasible scheme that meets all constraints.

[0061] Step S5: Command Generation and Secure Uploading: The feasible mission planning scheme is converted into a satellite-recognizable command sequence and uploaded to the satellite in orbit via the satellite-to-ground link;

[0062] Step S6: Onboard Execution and Status Feedback: The satellite receives and executes the command sequence, and simultaneously transmits the status data during the command execution process to the ground system in real time, returning to step S1 to form a closed loop.

[0063] This invention reduces reliance on continuous satellite-ground communication through a satellite-ground collaborative planning framework, enhances the satellite's autonomy under intermittent communication conditions, overcomes the shortcomings of slow response and high manpower costs of traditional ground-based centralized planning mode, and solves the problems of weak planning capability and poor reliability caused by limited onboard computing power in purely onboard autonomous planning.

[0064] Furthermore, this invention greatly improves the safety and reliability of mission planning schemes by conducting high-fidelity simulation verification on the ground, and supports multiple iterations to achieve perfection.

[0065] The present invention can also make targeted adjustments to the tasks and resources of the initial scheme based on the simulation results, and reload the adjusted scheme onto the ground digital image for a new round of simulation verification. Finally, through multiple "adjustment-simulation" iterations, it gradually converges to a feasible scheme that meets all constraints.

[0066] In summary, this invention significantly improves the efficiency and reliability of mission planning by placing the complex planning and verification process in a ground-based digital mirror and utilizing the powerful computing capabilities of the ground. At the same time, it enhances the satellite's autonomous operation capabilities and solves the problems of slow response and poor reliability in traditional satellite mission planning, as well as the weak on-board autonomous planning capabilities.

Claims

1. A satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: The satellite transmits its own status telemetry data to the ground system via the satellite-to-ground link; The ground system's digital image of the ground system selects some or all of the telemetry data for analysis and element extraction according to the needs of different applications, and provides the extracted information to the ground mission system. The ground mission system synchronizes satellite and ground data based on the extracted information and updates the status of the ground digital image to maintain synchronization between the ground digital image and the physical satellite. Step S2: The ground system receives the mission request, analyzes and decomposes the mission, and forms mission constraints and planning objectives. Step S3: Based on the task constraints and planning objectives, run the task planning algorithm in the ground digital mirror to generate candidate task planning schemes. Use the simulation environment of the ground digital mirror to simulate and verify each candidate task planning scheme. Step S4: Based on the simulation results, evaluate each candidate task planning scheme and select the optimal task planning scheme. If the optimal task planning scheme cannot meet the task constraints, adjust the task and resources of the optimal task planning scheme based on the simulation results, load the adjusted task planning scheme into the ground digital image for a new round of simulation verification, until all task constraints are met. Step S5: Convert the mission planning scheme obtained in step S4 into a satellite command sequence and upload it to the physical satellite in orbit via the satellite-to-ground link. In step S6, the physical satellite receives and executes the command sequence, and simultaneously transmits the status data during the command execution process to the ground system in real time.

2. The satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The task planning algorithm running in the ground digital image is any one of the greedy algorithm, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, or ant colony optimization algorithm.

3. The satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the specific method for evaluating each candidate task planning scheme is as follows: Construct a multi-attribute evaluation system that includes task completion, energy consumption, time cost, and safety risks; A weighted scoring method is used to comprehensively evaluate each candidate task planning scheme, and the scheme with the highest score is selected as the optimal task planning scheme.

4. The satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, before uploading the satellite-to-ground link to the physical satellite in orbit, a step of performing a security check on the command sequence is also included. The security check includes one or more of the following: syntax checking, logical conflict detection, and resource boundary checking.

5. A satellite autonomous mission planning system based on ground digital mirroring, characterized in that, The method for implementing the satellite autonomous mission planning method based on ground digital mirroring as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes: The on-orbit physical satellite subsystem includes an onboard computer, payload, and onboard communication unit; The ground operations control subsystem includes: The data receiving and processing module is used to receive and process telemetry data from physical satellites; The ground digital mirroring module is used to build and maintain virtual satellite models synchronized with physical satellites; The mission planning and simulation engine is used to perform mission planning and simulation within the ground digital mirroring module. The instruction generation and uploading module is used to generate and upload instruction sequences; The space-to-ground communication link is used to enable two-way data communication between the orbital physical satellite subsystem and the ground operation and control subsystem.

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