Saline-alkali soil improvement vehicle and saline-alkali soil improvement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement vehicle and a saline-alkali soil improvement method. The saline-alkali soil improvement vehicle comprises a traveling frame, traveling wheels, a membrane material laying unit and a soil treatment backfilling unit, wherein the traveling wheels are rotationally arranged at the bottom of the traveling frame and control the traveling frame to move, and the membrane material laying unit and the soil treatment backfilling unit are arranged on the traveling frame; the membrane material laying unit comprises an unwinding device; the unwinding device comprises a transmission roller, an unwinding roller, a first gear, a second gear and a transmission chain, the transmission roller and the unwinding roller are rotationally arranged on the advancing frame, the first gear is arranged on a roller shaft of the transmission roller, the second gear is arranged on a roller shaft of the unwinding roller, and the transmission chain is arranged on the transmission roller. The first gear and the second gear are meshed with the transmission chain, and an isolating membrane material is wound on the unwinding roller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering equipment, specifically to a saline-alkali land improvement vehicle and a method for improving saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land management is an important measure to improve arable land resources and ensure food security. Among them, the isolation layer technology is an effective method for saline-alkali land management. By laying an isolation membrane on the saline-alkali soil layer and then covering it with improved planting soil, the underlying salt is physically prevented from rising with capillary water, creating a good growth environment for crop roots.

[0003] In existing technologies, some equipment has attempted to combine excavation, soil improvement, mulching, and backfilling (such as existing technology CN117223422B). The specific working process is as follows: the release mulch is wound onto a discharge roller on the vehicle body. First, the soil layer secures the head end of the release mulch. As the vehicle moves, the release mulch is continuously stretched, thus achieving passive release. Simultaneously, the vehicle body backfills the treated soil onto the release mulch. However, in the actual application of this equipment, it has been found that the laid release mulch is very prone to damage. This allows salts from the soil below the release mulch to migrate to the soil above it, reducing the growth quality of crops above the release mulch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a saline-alkali land improvement vehicle and a saline-alkali land improvement method to solve the problem of easy damage to membrane materials in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A saline-alkali land improvement vehicle includes a vehicle frame, wheels rotatably mounted at the bottom of the vehicle frame and controlling the movement of the vehicle frame, and a membrane laying unit and a soil treatment backfilling unit mounted on the vehicle frame. The membrane laying unit includes an unwinding device; the unwinding device includes a drive roller, an unwinding roller, a first gear, a second gear, and a drive chain. The drive roller and the unwinding roller are both rotatably mounted on the traveling frame. The first gear is mounted on the roller shaft of the drive roller, and the second gear is mounted on the roller shaft of the unwinding roller. The first gear and the second gear mesh with the drive chain. A release membrane is wound on the unwinding roller. The sidewall of the drive roller is in contact with the circumference of the traveling wheel to allow the traveling wheel to drive the unwinding roller to rotate and cause the unwinding roller to actively release the release membrane. When the traveling frame travels a unit distance, the length of the release membrane released by the unwinding roller is greater than the unit distance. The soil treatment and backfilling unit includes a soil treatment module and a spreading device. The soil treatment module is used to crush the excavated original soil and mix it with a soil conditioner. The soil treatment and backfilling unit is connected to the discharge port of the spreading device to transport the treated soil above the release membrane material released by the unwinding roller.

[0006] In some embodiments, the membrane laying unit further includes an airflow assist device, which includes a first airflow jetting device, wherein the airflow jetted by the first airflow jetting device is directed below the isolation membrane released by the unwinding roller.

[0007] In one embodiment, the airflow assist device further includes a second airflow injection device, wherein the airflow injected by the second airflow injection device is directed between the outlet of the fabric device and the isolation film released by the unwinding roller.

[0008] In one embodiment, the vehicle frame is further provided with a liquid spray nozzle, which is located at the jet nozzle of the first airflow jet device, and the liquid spray nozzle is used to spray acidic phosphate buffer solution.

[0009] In one embodiment, the diameter of the drive roller gradually decreases along its own axial direction, and the unwinding device further includes a displacement adjustment component; the displacement adjustment component is used to drive the drive roller to move so that the contact position of the drive roller with the traveling wheel changes along the axial direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the displacement adjustment assembly includes a lead screw mechanism and a sliding seat driven by the lead screw mechanism. The roller shaft of the transmission roller is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat. The transmission roller is frustoconical in shape, and the generatrix of the transmission roller is parallel to the lead screw axis of the lead screw mechanism.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sidewall of the transmission roller and the circumferential surface of the traveling wheel are both provided with friction textures.

[0012] A method for improving saline-alkali land, based on the aforementioned saline-alkali land improvement vehicle, the method comprising: The traveling wheels control the movement of the traveling frame and simultaneously cause the unwinding roller to release the isolation film, wherein the length of the isolation film released by the unwinding roller is greater than the moving distance of the traveling frame.

[0013] The fabric feeding device conveys the soil treated by the soil treatment module above the release membrane material released by the unwinding roller, so that the release membrane material released by the unwinding roller is laid on the untreated soil below it.

[0014] In some embodiments, the membrane laying unit further includes an airflow assist device, which includes a first airflow jetting device that sprays air below the isolation membrane released by the unwinding roller. The traveling frame is also provided with a liquid spraying port that sprays acidic phosphate buffer below the isolation membrane released by the unwinding roller to atomize the gas sprayed by the first airflow jetting device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first airflow jetting device jets carbon dioxide, some of which dissolves in an acidic phosphate buffer solution. The acidic phosphate buffer solution gradually releases carbon dioxide after entering the soil, thereby prompting microorganisms in the soil to release organic acids through anaerobic respiration.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The unwinding roller releases the release film material by rotating. The drive roller is transmitted to the unwinding roller via a first gear, a drive chain, and a second gear. The sidewall of the drive roller remains in contact with the circumference of the traveling wheel. As the traveling wheel rotates, friction drives the drive roller to rotate, thus controlling the rotation of the unwinding roller. In other words, as the traveling wheel continuously rotates to move the vehicle frame, the unwinding roller continuously releases the release film material. The speed at which the unwinding roller releases the release film material matches the rotational speed of the traveling wheel; that is, a faster traveling frame speed results in a faster release speed of the release film material, and vice versa.

[0017] By rationally designing the transmission ratio between the first and second gears, the length of the release membrane material released by the unwinding roller can be greater than the unit distance when the traveling frame travels a unit distance. In other words, as long as the rotation speed of the traveling wheels is not too fast, causing slippage between them and the drive rollers, the unwinding speed of the unwinding roller will always be greater than and matched with the traveling frame's speed, without relying on program control. As a result, after the release membrane material is released from the unwinding roller and falls to the ground, it will not be too tight or too loose, effectively reducing the occurrence of membrane material damage in the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the saline-alkali land improvement vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the central part of the structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the saline-alkali land improvement vehicle in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the auger in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the displacement adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Comparison diagram of the sliding block's position before and after movement. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] First, based on analysis of existing technologies, the inventors discovered that the reason why the isolation membrane 400 is prone to damage after installation lies in its feeding method. Specifically, in existing technologies, one end of the isolation membrane 400 is fixed by the soil above it. During the movement of the traveling frame 300, the isolation membrane 400 passively causes the unwinding roller 101 to rotate, thereby releasing it from the unwinding roller 101. The original purpose of this feeding method was to reduce the contact area between the isolation membrane 400 and the soil, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the isolation membrane 400. However, in reality, because the isolation membrane 400 is surrounded by soil on both sides, when the isolation membrane 400 is under tension, it is very easy for excessive local stress to occur, which in turn makes the isolation membrane 400 more prone to damage.

[0022] To address this, the inventors first attempted to actively release the isolation membrane 400 by driving the unwinding roller 101 with a motor. This allowed the release speed of the isolation membrane 400 to exceed the moving speed of the traveling frame 300, enabling the isolation membrane 400 to be laid on the soil in a relatively loose state. However, this control method requires ensuring that the rotation speed of the unwinding roller 101 always matches the moving speed of the traveling frame 300. That is, when the traveling frame 300 accelerates, the unwinding roller 101 also needs to accelerate to increase the release speed of the isolation membrane 400. Otherwise, the released isolation membrane 400 will be taut again. Conversely, when the traveling frame 300 decelerates, the unwinding roller 101 also needs to decelerate to appropriately reduce the release speed of the isolation membrane 400. Otherwise, the laying of the isolation membrane 400 on the soil will be too loose, resulting in unnecessary waste. Therefore, the above method requires high precision in program control, limiting the further promotion of this technology.

[0023] Based on this, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a saline-alkali land improvement vehicle, including a vehicle frame 300, wheels 301, a membrane laying unit 100, and a soil treatment and backfilling unit 200.

[0024] The traveling wheels 301 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the traveling frame 300 so that the traveling frame 300 can be moved by rotation. The membrane laying unit 100 and the soil treatment backfilling unit 200 are integrated on the traveling frame 300, which can be mounted on the motor vehicle head.

[0025] The membrane laying unit 100 specifically includes an unwinding device. The unwinding device includes an unwinding roller 101, which is rotatably mounted on the traveling frame 300. A release membrane 400 is wound on the unwinding roller 101, and the unwinding roller 101 can release the release membrane 400 by rotation. Unlike existing technologies, the unwinding device in this embodiment further includes a drive roller 105, a first gear 106, a second gear 107, and a drive chain 108.

[0026] The drive roller 105 is rotatably mounted on the traveling frame 300. A first gear 106 is fixedly mounted on the end of the drive roller 105's shaft, and a second gear 107 is fixedly mounted on the end of the unwinding roller 101's shaft. The first gear 106 and the second gear 107 mesh with the drive chain 108, thus allowing the drive roller 105 to be driven to the unwinding roller 101 via the first gear 106, the drive chain 108, and the second gear 107. The sidewall of the drive roller 105 remains in contact with the circumference of the traveling wheel 301. When the traveling wheel 301 rotates, it can drive the drive roller 105 to rotate through friction, thereby controlling the rotation of the unwinding roller 101. In other words, as the traveling wheels 301 continuously rotate to control the movement of the traveling frame 300, the unwinding roller 101 will continuously release the isolation film 400. The speed at which the unwinding roller 101 releases the isolation film 400 will match the rotational speed of the traveling wheels 301. That is, if the traveling frame 300 moves faster, the unwinding roller 101 will release the isolation film 400 faster, and vice versa. By rationally designing the transmission ratio between the first gear 106 and the second gear 107, the length of the isolation film 400 released by the unwinding roller 101 can be greater than the unit distance when the traveling frame 300 travels a unit distance. In other words, as long as the rotation speed of the traveling wheel 301 is not too fast, causing slippage between it and the transmission roller 105, then without relying on program control, the unwinding speed of the unwinding roller 101 is always greater than the moving speed of the traveling frame 300 and is adapted to the moving speed of the traveling frame 300. Thus, after the isolation film 400 is released from the unwinding roller 101 and falls to the ground, it will not be too tight or too loose.

[0027] Preferably, the sidewalls of the drive roller 105 and the circumference of the traveling wheel 301 are both provided with friction textures. This can effectively reduce slippage between the traveling wheel 301 and the drive roller 105, thereby allowing the traveling frame 300 to move at a faster speed and improving its soil treatment efficiency.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5The soil treatment and backfilling unit 200 includes a soil treatment module, a spreading device 104, and a plow blade 201 for cutting into and breaking up compacted soil. A laterally extending collecting hopper 202 is located behind the plow blade 201. As the traveling frame 300 moves, the collecting hopper 202 can collect the soil clods turned up by the plow blade 201. An auger 203 is installed along the length of the collecting hopper 202. The auger 203 consists of two helical blades with opposite spiral directions. When the auger 203 rotates, it efficiently transports and gathers the soil from both ends of the collecting hopper 202 towards the middle area, forming a concentrated soil flow. A soil suction pipe is installed above the middle of the collecting hopper 202, with its inlet directly opposite the soil-gathering part of the auger 203. The soil treatment module includes a soil suction pump 204 and a closed mixing chamber 205. The soil suction pump 204 continuously sucks up and lifts the collected soil through the suction pipe, and transports it to the closed mixing chamber 205 located at the top of the traveling frame 300. In the closed mixing chamber 205, the soil is thoroughly mixed and stirred with the pre-added amendment. The amended soil then enters the spreading device 104 through the outlet at the bottom of the closed mixing chamber 205. The spreading device 104 may have a channel inclined relative to the horizontal plane inside. The lower end of the channel is the discharge port 104a. Under the action of gravity, the amended soil can reach the discharge port 104a through the channel, and then fall above the release membrane 400 released by the unwinding roller 101, so that the release membrane 400 can be laid on the untreated soil below.

[0029] Preferably, the portion of the inner channel of the fabric distribution device 104 located at the discharge port 104a can be designed as an arc shape, thereby reducing the speed of the soil at the discharge port 104a in the vertical horizontal direction, thus reducing its subsequent impact on the isolation membrane 400 and reducing the occurrence of damage to the isolation membrane 400.

[0030] Preferably, the membrane laying unit 100 in this embodiment also includes an airflow assist device, which further includes a second airflow injection device 103. The airflow injected by the second airflow injection device 103 is guided between the discharge port 104a of the fabric laying device 104 and the isolation membrane 400 released by the unwinding roller 101. The airflow injected by the second airflow injection device 103 can help disperse the soil leaving from the discharge port 104a, thereby reducing the occurrence of subsequent clumping and thus contributing to the growth of crops later. Through this dispersion effect, the impact force on the isolation membrane 400 during soil descent can also be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of damage to the isolation membrane 400.

[0031] For example, the airflow assist device includes a first airflow injection device 102, the airflow injected by the first airflow injection device 102 being directed below the isolation membrane 400 released by the unwinding roller 101. The longer isolation membrane 400 released by the unwinding roller 101 can be fully expanded under the action of the gas injected by the first airflow injection device 102 before falling back onto the soil. This allows for a more uniform distribution of the isolation membrane 400 to the soil below, thereby reducing the number of weak points in the isolation effect of the isolation membrane 400 and improving its isolation efficiency.

[0032] In other embodiments, the vehicle frame 300 is also equipped with a spray nozzle that can spray acidic phosphate buffer. The spray nozzle is located at the air outlet of the first airflow spraying device 102. First, the acidic phosphate buffer sprayed from the spray nozzle can treat the unmodified soil below the isolation membrane 400, lowering its pH value and replenishing its phosphorus element. Second, the airflow sprayed by the first airflow spraying device 102 can atomize the acidic phosphate buffer sprayed from the spray nozzle, thereby making the acidic phosphate buffer more evenly sprayed onto the soil below the isolation membrane 400.

[0033] What is less noticeable is that as the release film 400 on the unwinding roller 101 is continuously released, the length of the release film 400 released per revolution of the unwinding roller 101 also changes slightly. Based on this phenomenon, in order to ensure that the ratio between the travel distance of the traveling frame 300 and the release length of the release film 400 per unit time fluctuates within a small range, the diameter of the drive roller 105 is designed to gradually decrease in its axial direction. At the same time, the unwinding device also includes a displacement adjustment component, which can drive the drive roller 105 to generate axial displacement, thereby changing the contact position of the drive roller 105 with the traveling wheel 301 in the axial direction, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the drive roller 105 and the traveling wheel 301, and further changing the transmission ratio between the traveling wheel 301 and the unwinding roller 101.

[0034] Considering the limited thickness of the isolation membrane 400, the position of the drive roller 105 in its own axial direction does not need to be adjusted in real time. It is only necessary to adjust the drive roller 105 after the unwinding roller 101 has rotated a certain number of times. This reduces the complexity of the control program and facilitates the popularization and versatility of the solution.

[0035] This embodiment further provides a specific structure of the displacement adjustment assembly, which includes a lead screw mechanism 109a and a sliding seat 109b driven by the lead screw mechanism 109a. The lead screw mechanism 109a is mounted on the traveling frame 300, and the roller shaft of the transmission roller 105 is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 109b. Thus, the transmission roller 105 can move in the direction of the lead screw axis in the lead screw mechanism 109a. Since the axis of the lead screw in the lead screw mechanism 109a is not parallel to the axis of the transmission roller 105, but at a certain angle, when the lead screw mechanism 109a controls the movement of the transmission roller 105, the transmission roller 105 will not only move in its own axial direction, but also move in its own radial direction, thereby ensuring that the transmission roller 105 maintains contact transmission with the traveling wheel 301 while generating axial displacement.

[0036] For example, in this embodiment, the transmission roller 105 is designed to be frustum-shaped, and the generatrix of the transmission roller 105 is parallel to the screw axis of the screw mechanism 109a.

[0037] On the other hand, in order to ensure that the first gear 106 and the second gear 107 can always maintain meshing through the transmission chain 108 before and after the transmission roller 105 generates axial displacement, it is necessary to limit the transmission chain 108 to a wide chain, ensuring that the width of the transmission chain 108 is greater than the thickness of the first gear 106 and the second gear 107, while also limiting the axial displacement of the first gear 106. Under these conditions, in order to ensure that a large transmission ratio adjustment range can be obtained between the transmission roller 105 and the traveling wheel 301, a large included angle is required between the axis of the transmission roller 105 and the generatrix. In some other embodiments, this included angle can be set to 60°.

[0038] The saline-alkali land improvement method implemented by the aforementioned saline-alkali land improvement vehicle specifically includes the following steps: Step 101: The traveling wheel 301 controls the movement of the traveling frame 300, the plow blade 201 acts on the soil in front of the traveling frame 300, and the collecting winch 202 collects the broken soil. The soil suction pump 204 sucks the broken soil into the closed mixing chamber 205 for mixing. Step 102: While the traveling wheel 301 controls the movement of the traveling frame 300, the traveling wheel 301 will synchronously control the unwinding roller 101 to rotate to release the isolation membrane 400. The released isolation membrane 400 will reach the soil treated by the plow blade 201. The length of the isolation membrane 400 released by the unwinding roller 101 is greater than the moving distance of the traveling frame 300. Step 103: The soil treated by the closed mixing chamber 205 reaches the top of the released isolation membrane 400 through the discharge port 104a. Then, under the action of gravity, the isolation membrane 400 is pressed down onto the soil that has been processed by the plow blade 201. In this way, the soil above the isolation membrane 400 has been chemically modified and can be used for crop planting, while the soil below it has not been chemically modified. The isolation membrane 400 can prevent the ions below it from rising to the soil layer where the crops are located.

[0039] Before the released isolation membrane 400 falls onto the soil, the first air jet device 102 sprays gas to expand the released isolation membrane 400 as much as possible. At the same time, the gas sprayed by the second air jet device 103 can disperse the soil above the isolation membrane 400 as evenly as possible. Then, the isolation membrane 400 can be evenly laid on the soil below under the action of the soil above it, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the isolation membrane 400 being too thin in some places, thus reducing the occurrence of damage to the isolation membrane 400 in the later stage.

[0040] In some other embodiments, before the released isolation membrane 400 falls onto the soil, the spray nozzle can spray acidic phosphate buffer below the isolation membrane 400. In this way, the gas sprayed by the first airflow spray device 102 can be atomized, so that the acidic phosphate buffer falls evenly on the soil below the isolation membrane 400, thereby lowering the pH value of the soil below the isolation membrane 400 and thus improving the soil quality to a certain extent.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment, the gas injected by the first airflow injection device 102 is carbon dioxide. In this way, some of the carbon dioxide will dissolve in the acidic phosphate buffer. When the acidic phosphate buffer enters the alkaline soil, as hydrogen ions are continuously consumed, carbon dioxide will be gradually released, thereby temporarily creating an anaerobic environment in the local soil below the isolation membrane 400. This helps the microorganisms in the soil to release organic acids through anaerobic respiration, thereby further reducing the pH value of the soil.

[0042] Further as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the power source of the airflow auxiliary device can be integrated on the traveling frame 300. An elevated layer located below the enclosed mixing chamber 205 can be provided on the traveling frame 300. Two air pumps 1010 and two air tanks are installed in the elevated layer. One air pump 1010 and one air tank are connected to the first airflow injection device 102, and the other air pump 1010 and the other air tank are connected to the second airflow injection device 103.

[0043] In some embodiments, the membrane laying unit 100 can be disassembled from the traveling frame 300 and replaced with an amendment spraying device. During the movement of the traveling frame 300, the amendment spraying device can spray amendments onto the unmodified soil, thereby playing a role similar to that of the isolation membrane 400.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that, It includes a traveling frame (300), a traveling wheel (301) rotatably disposed at the bottom of the traveling frame (300) and controlling the movement of the traveling frame (300), and a membrane laying unit (100) and a soil treatment backfilling unit (200) disposed on the traveling frame (300). The film laying unit (100) includes an unwinding device; the unwinding device includes a drive roller (105), an unwinding roller (101), a first gear (106), a second gear (107), and a drive chain (108). The drive roller (105) and the unwinding roller (101) are rotatably mounted on the traveling frame (300). The first gear (106) is mounted on the roller shaft of the drive roller (105), and the second gear (107) is mounted on the roller shaft of the unwinding roller (101). The first gear (106) and the unwinding roller (107) are connected to the drive roller (108). The second gear (107) meshes with the transmission chain (108), and the unwinding roller (101) is wound with an isolation film (400). The side wall of the transmission roller (105) is in contact with the circumference of the traveling wheel (301) so that the traveling wheel (301) drives the unwinding roller (101) to rotate and causes the unwinding roller (101) to actively release the isolation film (400). When the traveling frame (300) travels a unit distance, the length of the isolation film (400) released by the unwinding roller (101) is greater than the unit distance. The soil treatment and backfilling unit (200) includes a soil treatment module and a spreading device (104). The soil treatment module is used to crush the excavated original soil and mix it with the amendment. The soil treatment and backfilling unit (200) is connected to the discharge port (104a) of the spreading device (104) to transport the treated soil above the isolation membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101).

2. The saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane laying unit (100) further includes an airflow assist device, which includes a first airflow jetting device (102) and the airflow jetted by the first airflow jetting device (102) is directed below the isolation membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101).

3. The saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The airflow assist device also includes a second airflow injection device (103), the airflow injected by the second airflow injection device (103) being directed between the outlet (104a) of the fabric device (104) and the isolation film (400) released by the unwinding roller (101).

4. A saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vehicle frame (300) is also provided with a liquid spraying port, which is located at the air jet port of the first air jet device (102) and is used to spray acidic phosphate buffer.

5. The saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the drive roller (105) gradually decreases in the direction of its own axis. The unwinding device also includes a displacement adjustment component. The displacement adjustment component is used to drive the drive roller (105) to move so that the drive roller (105) changes its contact position with the traveling wheel (301) in the axial direction.

6. A saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The displacement adjustment assembly includes a lead screw mechanism (109a) and a sliding seat (109b) driven by the lead screw mechanism (109a). The roller shaft of the transmission roller (105) is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat (109b). The transmission roller (105) is frustum-shaped, and the generatrix of the transmission roller (105) is parallel to the lead screw axis of the lead screw mechanism (109a).

7. A saline-alkali land improvement vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the transmission roller (105) and the circumference of the traveling wheel (301) are both provided with friction texture.

8. A method for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that, Based on the saline-alkali land improvement vehicle as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the saline-alkali land improvement method includes: The traveling wheel (301) controls the movement of the traveling frame (300) and at the same time causes the unwinding roller (101) to release the isolation film (400), wherein the length of the isolation film (400) released by the unwinding roller (101) is greater than the moving distance of the traveling frame (300); The fabric device (104) conveys the soil treated by the soil treatment module above the release membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101), so that the release membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101) is laid on the untreated soil below it.

9. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 8, characterized in that, The membrane laying unit (100) further includes an airflow assist device, which includes a first airflow jet device (102). The first airflow jet device (102) sprays air below the isolation membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101). The traveling frame (300) is also provided with a liquid spraying nozzle, which sprays acidic phosphate buffer below the isolation membrane (400) released by the unwinding roller (101) to atomize the gas sprayed by the first airflow jet device (102).

10. The method for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first airflow injection device (102) injects carbon dioxide, some of which dissolves in the acidic phosphate buffer. After entering the soil, the acidic phosphate buffer gradually releases carbon dioxide to encourage microorganisms in the soil to release organic acids through anaerobic respiration.

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