Feed additive for enhancing non-specific immune function of rana tiger

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of rana tiger, and relates to the technical field of animal feed additives. The natural plant extract comprises a tartary buckwheat extract, an echinacea purpurea extract and a scutellaria baicalensis extract, wherein the total flavone content of the tartary buckwheat extract is not less than 5wt% on the basis of the dry basis of the extract. According to the invention, natural plant extracts, polypeptide substances and high-activity lactobacillus acidophilus are subjected to scientific compatibility, so that a multi-way synergistic immunoregulation system is constructed. Active components in the plant extract and polypeptide nutrient substances jointly participate in the body immunity related metabolic process of the rana ornigera, the activity of phagocytes and the expression of non-specific immune factors are promoted, the intestinal micro-ecological environment can be improved after the lactobacillus acidophilus is colonized in the intestinal tract, the nutrient absorption efficiency is enhanced, and the growth of the rana ornigera is promoted. Continuous support is provided for stable exertion of the immune function, and the basic immune level and the anti-stress capacity of the rana tiger are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of animal feed additive technology, and in particular relates to a feed additive that enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of tiger frog farming, the complex farming environment and frequent disease outbreaks seriously affect the growth and survival of tiger frogs. To improve the immunity and growth of tiger frogs, existing research focuses on regulating the immune system through feed additives. Traditional feed additives primarily supplement basic nutrients such as protein, minerals, and vitamins to promote normal growth, but their regulatory effect on the immune system is limited.

[0003] Current technologies for immune enhancement still have some problems. For example, existing methods rely on hormones, antibiotics, and immune stimulants, which can lead to decreased immune adaptability with long-term use. Some chemical additives have negative environmental impacts, affecting water quality and biodiversity. Furthermore, current technologies cannot fundamentally enhance the tiger frog's immune system, nor can they avoid the environmental risks associated with drugs and chemical additives.

[0004] To address this issue, we provide a feed additive that enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a feed additive that enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs. The technical problem this invention aims to solve is: how to enhance the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs without relying on antibiotics by feeding them a feed additive formulated with a specific ratio of plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0007] This invention relates to a feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 20%-40% natural plant extracts.

[0008] Polypeptides: 10%-25%.

[0009] Lactobacillus acidophilus 5%-15%.

[0010] Water-soluble nutrients: 30%-50%.

[0011] Trace elements 0.5%-5%.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the natural plant extracts include buckwheat extract, echinacea extract and scutellaria extract, wherein the total flavonoid content of the buckwheat extract is not less than 5 wt% on a dry basis, the caffeic acid derivative content of the echinacea extract is not less than 2 wt% on a dry basis, and the baicalin content of the scutellaria extract is not less than 10 wt% on a dry basis. The polypeptides include fish protein, yeast polypeptide and plant polypeptide, wherein the weight ratio of the fish protein, the yeast polypeptide and the plant polypeptide in the polypeptides is (4-6):(2-3):(1-2).

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the weight ratio of the natural plant extract, the polypeptide substance and the Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3:1.5:1.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the *Lactobacillus acidophilus* is a highly active freeze-dried bacterial powder, and the viable count of the highly active freeze-dried bacterial powder in the feed additive is not less than 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the water-soluble nutrients include amino acids, vitamins and minerals, wherein the amino acids are water-soluble free amino acids, the vitamins are water-soluble vitamins, the minerals are water-soluble inorganic salts, and the trace elements include zinc methionine, yeast selenium and ferrous glycinate, wherein zinc methionine is used as a form of zinc supply, yeast selenium is used as a form of selenium supply, and ferrous glycinate is used as a form of iron supply.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the water-soluble nutrients and the trace elements are premixed to form a basic premix, and the natural plant extracts and polypeptides are added to the basic premix and mixed evenly to form the feed additive.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the premixing time range is 10 min-30 min and the temperature range is 20℃-30℃, the uniform mixing is performed by physical stirring, the physical stirring speed is 200 r / min-500 r / min, the physical stirring time range is 30 min-60 min and the temperature range is 15℃-25℃.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that the amount of the feed additive used is 0.5%-2% of the total weight of the daily feed for tiger frogs.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention constructs a multi-pathway synergistic immune regulation system by scientifically combining natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and highly active Lactobacillus acidophilus. The active ingredients in the plant extracts and polypeptide nutrients jointly participate in the immune-related metabolic processes of the tiger frog, promoting phagocytic cell activity and the expression of non-specific immune factors. After colonization in the intestine, Lactobacillus acidophilus can improve the intestinal microecological environment, enhance nutrient absorption efficiency, provide continuous support for the stable functioning of the immune system, and improve the tiger frog's basic immune level and stress resistance.

[0020] This invention employs a non-hormonal, non-antibiotic feed additive method, which enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs while avoiding the drug resistance, immune dependence, and environmental pollution problems easily caused by traditional immune enhancement methods. The feed additive can be applied under conventional farming conditions, reducing disease incidence and mortality rates, improving survival rates and production stability, and is of positive significance for achieving a healthy and sustainable tiger frog farming process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the composition of the feed additive of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the preparation process of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application and effects of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-3 This invention relates to a feed additive that enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs, comprising the following components by weight percentage: 30% natural plant extracts.

[0027] Polypeptides 20%.

[0028] Lactobacillus acidophilus 10%.

[0029] Water-soluble nutrients: 38%.

[0030] Trace elements 1%.

[0031] The natural plant extracts include buckwheat extract, echinacea extract, and scutellaria baicalensis extract. The total flavonoid content of the buckwheat extract is not less than 5 wt% on a dry basis. The caffeic acid derivative content of the echinacea extract is not less than 2 wt% on a dry basis. The baicalin content of the scutellaria baicalensis extract is not less than 10 wt% on a dry basis. The polypeptides include fish protein, yeast polypeptides, and plant polypeptides, with a weight ratio of 4:2:1. The weight ratio of the natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3:1.5:1.

[0032] Water-soluble nutrients and trace elements are premixed to form a basic premix. Natural plant extracts and polypeptides are then added to the basic premix and mixed evenly to form a feed additive. The premixing time is 10 minutes and the temperature is 20°C. Uniform mixing is achieved by physical stirring at a speed of 200 rpm for 30 minutes at a temperature of 15°C.

[0033] The amount of feed additive used is 0.5% of the total daily feed weight for tiger frogs.

[0034] When the values ​​of each component are close to the lower limit of the range defined in this invention, the feed additive, through the basic synergistic effect of natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus, produces a stable enhancement effect on the non-specific immune function of the tiger frog. This value scheme ensures the basic effectiveness of immune regulation while taking into account the mildness and cost controllability of the formulation. It is suitable for aquaculture applications where the required level of immune enhancement is relatively moderate, emphasizing long-term safe feeding and daily health maintenance. This demonstrates that the invention still possesses clear technical effects and practical value under low-dose conditions.

[0035] Example 2 Please see Figures 1-3 Based on Example 1, a feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs comprises the following components by weight percentage: 40% natural plant extracts.

[0036] Polypeptides 20%.

[0037] Lactobacillus acidophilus 9%.

[0038] Water-soluble nutrients: 30%.

[0039] Trace elements 1%.

[0040] The natural plant extracts include buckwheat extract, echinacea extract, and scutellaria baicalensis extract. The total flavonoid content of the buckwheat extract is not less than 5 wt% on a dry basis. The caffeic acid derivative content of the echinacea extract is not less than 2 wt% on a dry basis. The baicalin content of the scutellaria baicalensis extract is not less than 10 wt% on a dry basis. The polypeptides include fish protein, yeast polypeptides, and plant polypeptides, with a weight ratio of 6:3:2. The weight ratio of the natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3:1.5:1.

[0041] Water-soluble nutrients and trace elements are premixed to form a basic premix. Natural plant extracts and polypeptides are then added to the basic premix and mixed evenly to form a feed additive. The premixing time is 30 minutes and the temperature is 30°C. Uniform mixing is achieved by physical stirring at a speed of 500 r / min for 60 minutes at a temperature of 25°C.

[0042] When the values ​​of each component approach the upper limit of the range defined in this invention, the immunostimulatory and metabolic support effects of natural plant extracts and polypeptides in the formulation system are enhanced, and the synergistic effect with Lactobacillus acidophilus is more pronounced, resulting in a more significant enhancement of the non-specific immune function of the tiger frog. The maximum value scheme is suitable for application scenarios with high disease risk or high environmental stress in aquaculture, significantly improving the body's disease resistance without the use of antibiotics, demonstrating the technical upper limit and application potential of this invention in high-intensity immune regulation.

[0043] Example 3 Please see Figures 1-3 Based on Examples 1 and 2, a feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs comprises the following components by weight percentage: 30% natural plant extracts.

[0044] Polypeptides accounted for 17%.

[0045] Lactobacillus acidophilus 10%.

[0046] Water-soluble nutrients: 40%.

[0047] Trace elements 3%.

[0048] The natural plant extracts include buckwheat extract, echinacea extract, and scutellaria baicalensis extract. The total flavonoid content of the buckwheat extract is not less than 5 wt% on a dry basis. The caffeic acid derivative content of the echinacea extract is not less than 2 wt% on a dry basis. The baicalin content of the scutellaria baicalensis extract is not less than 10 wt% on a dry basis. The polypeptides include fish protein, yeast polypeptides, and plant polypeptides, with a weight ratio of 5:2:1. The weight ratio of the natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3:1.5:1.

[0049] Water-soluble nutrients and trace elements are premixed to form a basic premix. Natural plant extracts and polypeptides are then added to the basic premix and mixed evenly to form a feed additive. The premixing time is 20 minutes and the temperature is 25°C. Uniform mixing is achieved by physical stirring at a speed of 350 rpm for 45 minutes at a temperature of 20°C.

[0050] When the proportions of each component are within the middle range of the scope of this invention, a more balanced synergistic relationship is formed between the immunomodulatory effects of natural plant extracts, the nutritional support effects of polypeptides, and the improvement effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus on the intestinal microecology. Under these conditions, the feed additive achieves a good balance between immune enhancement, nutritional supply stability, and formulation adaptability, making it suitable for the health management needs of tiger frogs under most conventional breeding conditions. This demonstrates the superior technical effect of this invention in terms of comprehensive performance and applicability.

[0051] Example 4 Please see Figures 1-3 Based on Examples 1, 2 and 3, comparative experiments were conducted by setting the minimum, intermediate and maximum values ​​of the range in the invention as experimental groups A, B and C, respectively, to verify that the feed additive can stably enhance the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs under different value conditions.

[0052] 1. Experimental grouping and variable setting This comparative experiment set up three groups: experimental group A, experimental group B, and experimental group C. All three groups used the same batch of raw materials, the same mixing equipment, and the same operating procedures. Only the percentage of feed additive components, the internal ratio of peptides, and the mixing process parameters were changed.

[0053] Experimental Group A: 30% natural plant extracts, 20% polypeptides, 10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 38% water-soluble nutrients, and 1% trace elements.

[0054] Experimental Group B: 30% natural plant extracts, 17% polypeptides, 10% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 40% water-soluble nutrients, and 3% trace elements.

[0055] Experimental group C: 40% natural plant extracts, 20% polypeptides, 9% Lactobacillus acidophilus, 30% water-soluble nutrients, and 1% trace elements.

[0056] To ensure comparability, all three groups used the same addition ratio during the feeding phase; experimental group A explicitly stated that the addition ratio was 0.5% of the total daily feed weight, and experimental groups B and C in the comparative experiment also uniformly adopted 0.5% to eliminate the interference of differences in addition amount on the results.

[0057] 2. Substituting key raw material indicators and internal proportions 2.1 Composition and Indicators of Natural Plant Extracts All three groups of natural plant extracts consisted of buckwheat extract, echinacea extract, and scutellaria baicalensis extract, and the raw material acceptance criteria were uniformly limited to: The total flavonoid content of buckwheat extract is ≥5wt%, the caffeic acid derivative content of echinacea extract is ≥2wt%, and the baicalin content of scutellaria baicalensis extract is ≥10wt%. These indicators serve as three common raw material consistency constraints to ensure that the comparison variables focus on the formulation values ​​and process strength.

[0058] 2.2 Differences in the internal proportions of polypeptide substances All three groups of polypeptides contain fish protein, yeast polypeptides, and plant polypeptides, but their internal weight ratios differ: Group A: Fish protein : yeast polypeptide : plant polypeptide = 4 : 2 : 1. Group B: Fish protein : yeast polypeptide : plant polypeptide = 5 : 2 : 1. Group C: Fish protein : yeast polypeptide : plant polypeptide = 6 : 3 : 2.

[0059] 2.3 Consistency of External Proportions of the Three Core Functional Components All three groups used a weight ratio of 3:1.5:1 for natural plant extracts, polypeptides, and Lactobacillus acidophilus as a common constraint in the comparative experiment, to highlight the influence path of changes in values ​​and process parameters.

[0060] 3. Prepare basic premixes according to group and record process data. The three groups premixed water-soluble nutrients and trace elements to obtain a basic premix, then added natural plant extracts and polypeptides and physically stirred until homogeneous to obtain feed additives. The process data for each group are substituted into the following files: Group A: Premix for 10 min at 20℃; Physical stirring: 200 rpm for 30 min at 15℃. Group B: Premix for 20 min at 25℃; Physical stirring: 350 rpm for 45 min at 20℃. Group C: Premix for 30 min at 30℃; Physical stirring: 500 rpm for 60 min at 25℃.

[0061] To facilitate verification, the preparation record should include at least: the start / end timestamp of premixing, the measured value of mixing temperature, the set and running values ​​of the stirrer speed, and the output quality of each batch.

[0062] 4. Feeding Implementation and Sample Retention The three additives were mixed with the daily feed of tiger frogs and fed to each group at a uniform ratio of 0.5% of the total feed weight. Each group was fed according to the same feeding cycle and frequency, and samples of the mixed feed were retained after each batch for subsequent verification. The 0.5% addition ratio for group A was clearly stated in the document, while groups B and C were fed at the same ratio in the comparative experiment to meet the requirements for cross-sectional comparison.

[0063] Non-specific immune-related indicators were measured in experimental groups A, B, and C after 30 days of continuous feeding. All samples were obtained from individual tiger frogs raised during the same period in each group, with consistent sampling time points. The measured parameters included serum lysozyme activity, macrophage phagocytic index, and serum complement C3 content. Conventional aquatic immunoassay methods were used, and raw data were recorded in the same batch.

[0064] 5. Recording Experimental Results Serum lysozyme activity: The average serum lysozyme activity measured in experimental group A was 18.6 U / mL, the average serum lysozyme activity measured in experimental group B was 22.9 U / mL, and the average serum lysozyme activity measured in experimental group C was 27.4 U / mL.

[0065] The results showed that the values ​​of natural plant extracts and polypeptides changed from the lower limit to the upper limit, and the lysozyme activity showed a gradual upward trend.

[0066] Macrophage phagocytic index: The macrophage phagocytic index of experimental group A was 41.3%, that of experimental group B was 48.7%, and that of experimental group C was 56.2%.

[0067] The differences among the three groups gradually widened as the value range changed, with group C being higher than group A, and group B at an intermediate level.

[0068] Serum complement C3 levels: The complement C3 level in experimental group A was 0.86 mg / L, the complement C3 level in experimental group B was 1.02 mg / L, and the complement C3 level in experimental group C was 1.21 mg / L.

[0069] The complement C3 content increased with the increase of the proportion of functional components in the formula, indicating that the level of humoral immune-related response was enhanced synchronously.

[0070] 6. Comparative Analysis of Results Comparative experimental results show that, under the same feeding conditions, by changing the values ​​of each component in the feed additive and matching the corresponding mixing process parameters, stable and continuous differences can be formed in non-specific immune-related indicators.

[0071] By comparing and verifying the minimum, intermediate, and maximum values ​​within the range defined in the invention as experimental groups A, B, and C respectively, it was confirmed that the feed additive of the present invention does not have an immune enhancement failure range within its value range, and the non-specific immune enhancement effect shows a predictable progressive relationship as the value of the functional component increases.

[0072] The intermediate value scheme showed stability in balancing the immune enhancement level and the formula balance, while the upper limit value scheme showed stronger immune activation ability under high immune demand conditions, verifying the effectiveness of the technical solution of the present invention and the rationality of the value range setting.

[0073] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive that enhances the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it includes the following components: 20%-40% natural plant extracts; Polypeptides: 10%-25%; Lactobacillus acidophilus 5%-15%; Water-soluble nutrients: 30%-50%; Trace elements 0.5%-5%.

2. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural plant extracts include buckwheat extract, echinacea extract, and scutellaria extract. The total flavonoid content of the buckwheat extract is not less than 5 wt% on a dry basis. The caffeic acid derivative content of the echinacea extract is not less than 2 wt% on a dry basis. The baicalin content of the scutellaria extract is not less than 10 wt% on a dry basis. The polypeptides include fish protein, yeast polypeptide, and plant polypeptide. The weight ratio of the fish protein, yeast polypeptide, and plant polypeptide in the polypeptides is (4-6):(2-3):(1-2).

3. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the natural plant extract, the polypeptide, and the Lactobacillus acidophilus is 3:1.5:

1.

4. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Lactobacillus acidophilus is a highly active freeze-dried bacterial powder, and the viable count of the highly active freeze-dried bacterial powder in the feed additive is not less than 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / g.

5. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-soluble nutrients include amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. The amino acids are water-soluble free amino acids, the vitamins are water-soluble vitamins, and the minerals are water-soluble inorganic salts. The trace elements include zinc methionine, yeast selenium, and ferrous glycinate. Zinc methionine serves as a form of zinc supply, yeast selenium serves as a form of selenium supply, and ferrous glycinate serves as a form of iron supply.

6. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-soluble nutrients and trace elements are premixed to form a basic premix. The natural plant extracts and polypeptides are then added to the basic premix and mixed evenly to form the feed additive.

7. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The premixing time range is 10 min-30 min, and the temperature range is 20℃-30℃. The uniform mixing is carried out by physical stirring, the physical stirring speed is 200 r / min-500 r / min, the physical stirring time range is 30 min-60 min, and the temperature range is 15℃-25℃.

8. The feed additive for enhancing the non-specific immune function of tiger frogs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of the feed additive used is 0.5%-2% of the total weight of the daily feed for tiger frogs.

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