Negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device which comprises a blanking mechanism, a throwing mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism, a negative pressure impurity removal mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The blanking mechanism comprises a blanking hopper for loading sugarcane sections and a blanking switch mechanism for intermittently opening and closing an opening in the top of the blanking hopper; the throwing mechanism comprises a throwing assembly and a throwing driving mechanism, the throwing assembly is used for bearing the sugarcane sections and throwing the sugarcane sections to collide with the lower surface of the leaf stripping mechanism, the throwing driving mechanism is used for driving the throwing assembly to conduct throwing movement in a reciprocating mode, and the throwing assembly is located below the falling hopper; the leaf stripping mechanism is arranged above the head end of the conveying mechanism, and the negative pressure impurity removing mechanism is arranged above the leaf stripping mechanism. The impurity removing device can effectively remove silt attached to the surfaces of sugarcanes, and therefore the impurity rate of the sugarcanes in the mechanical harvesting process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to agricultural machinery, specifically to a negative pressure throwing-type sugarcane impurity removal device. Background Technology

[0002] Sugarcane is an important raw material for China's sugar industry, with a wide planting area, especially in subtropical regions such as Guangxi and Yunnan, where it is a crucial source of raw materials for sugar production. Mechanized harvesting can significantly improve operational efficiency, reduce reliance on manual labor, and lower time and labor costs, making it a key path to enhancing the international competitiveness of China's sugarcane industry.

[0003] Most existing sugarcane harvesting and impurity removal devices rely on blowers for air separation. While this can remove some lighter impurities relatively quickly, it is not effective at removing mud and sand adhering to the sugarcane surface, resulting in a high impurity content, which needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a negative pressure throwing sugarcane impurity removal device, which can effectively remove mud and sand attached to the surface of sugarcane, thereby reducing the impurity rate during mechanical harvesting of sugarcane.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A negative pressure throwing-type sugarcane impurity removal device includes a material dropping mechanism, a throwing mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism, a negative pressure impurity removal mechanism, and a conveying mechanism; The material feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper for loading sugarcane segments and a feeding switch mechanism for intermittently opening and closing the opening at the top of the feeding hopper. The throwing mechanism includes a throwing assembly for receiving sugarcane segments and throwing them against the lower surface of the leaf-peeling mechanism, and a throwing drive mechanism for reciprocatingly driving the throwing assembly to move in a throwing motion. The throwing assembly is located below the hopper. The leaf-stripping mechanism is located above the head end of the conveying mechanism, and the negative pressure impurity removal mechanism is located above the leaf-stripping mechanism.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material discharge switch mechanism includes a material discharge switch plate and a reciprocating switch drive mechanism. The material discharge switch plate is located below the bottom opening of the material discharge hopper. The reciprocating switch drive mechanism includes a reciprocating switch drive motor and a reciprocating switch transmission assembly. The reciprocating switch drive motor is fixedly mounted on the material discharge frame of the material discharge switch mechanism. The reciprocating switch transmission assembly includes a reciprocating push wheel, a reciprocating sliding structure, and a first return spring. The reciprocating push wheel is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the reciprocating switch drive motor, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with a first pushing protrusion. The reciprocating sliding structure includes a reciprocating sliding rod and a reciprocating sliding guide frame. The reciprocating sliding rod is located above the reciprocating push wheel, one end of which is fixedly connected to the material discharge switch plate. The reciprocating sliding rod is slidably mounted on the reciprocating sliding guide frame, and its reciprocating sliding rod is provided with a reciprocating transmission push block that cooperates with the first pushing protrusion. The two ends of the first return spring are respectively connected to the reciprocating sliding rod and the reciprocating sliding guide frame through a fixing structure.

[0007] Furthermore, both the first pushing protrusion and the reciprocating drive push block are provided in twos. The two first pushing protrusions are arranged circumferentially on the reciprocating push wheel, and the two reciprocating drive push blocks are arranged in a straight line on the reciprocating sliding rod. In this way, the distance of a single-pass movement of the reciprocating sliding rod can be extended, and the opening of the bottom opening of the hopper can be increased, allowing more sugarcane segments to fall at once.

[0008] Furthermore, the throwing assembly includes a support platform, a throwing pusher plate, and a throwing side plate. The throwing pusher plate and the throwing side plate are slidably disposed on the support platform. There are two throwing side plates arranged in parallel. The throwing pusher plate is disposed between the two throwing side plates. The throwing pusher plate is used to throw the sugarcane segments that fall onto the side of the peeling mechanism facing it to the bottom surface of the peeling mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the top two ends of the throwing push plate are respectively hinged to the ends of the two throwing side plates near the leaf stripping mechanism. The throwing push plate has a swing limiting structure on the side facing away from the leaf stripping mechanism. The swing limiting structure includes a swing limiting seat, a thrust block, a thrust spring, and a thrust rod. The swing limiting seat is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the throwing side plate. The swing limiting seat has a thrust groove and a thrust mounting groove. There are two thrust blocks and two thrust springs. The two thrust blocks are symmetrically arranged. One end of the thrust block extends into the thrust groove. The side of the thrust block facing the opening of the thrust groove has an inclined pressing surface. The other end of the thrust block passes through the thrust spring. One end of the thrust rod is fixedly connected to the throwing push plate. The other end of the thrust rod has a frustum-shaped limiting part. In the non-working state, the thrust rod is located between the two thrust blocks. The frustum-shaped limiting part is located between the thrust block and the bottom of the thrust groove. The throwing assembly also includes a material drop block and a block return torsion spring. The support platform is provided with mounting holes. The material drop block is rotatably connected in the mounting holes. One end of the material drop block is a rotating connection part, and the rotation center of the rotating connection part is parallel to the rotation center of the throwing push plate. The other end of the material drop block is a material blocking part, which is closer to the throwing push plate than the rotating connection part. The block return torsion spring is sleeved on the rotation center of the material drop block. Under non-external force, the block return torsion spring causes the material drop block to protrude above the surface of the support platform.

[0010] With the above structure, when the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly to move forward, the throwing push plate pushes the sugarcane segment forward. When the throwing drive mechanism stops, the sugarcane segment is automatically thrown out under the action of inertia. Although the throwing push plate is rotatably connected between the two throwing side plates and is also subject to inertia, the frustum-shaped limiting part of the thrust rod is located between the bottom of the thrust block and the thrust groove, that is, it is limited by the thrust block in the thrust groove, preventing the throwing push plate from swinging freely and ensuring the stability of the throwing trajectory. During the above process, because the throwing assembly operates dynamically, not all sugarcane segments can accurately fall in front of the throwing pusher plate. Some sugarcane segments may fall between the throwing pusher plate and the discharge stop. When the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly to move backward, the throwing pusher plate will collide with the sugarcane segments. Due to the large force of the sugarcane segments, the frustum-shaped limiting part of the thrust rod will push up the thrust block, and then disengage from the thrust slot, allowing the throwing pusher plate to swing forward to avoid the sugarcane segments and the discharge stop behind it, until it completely passes the discharge stop. At this point, the throwing pusher plate is located behind the discharge stop, while the sugarcane segments are still... The material discharge block is blocked in front of the material discharge block. When the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly forward again, the bottom of the throwing push plate will contact the material discharge block. The material discharge block will apply backward resistance to the throwing push plate. This resistance will cause the throwing push plate to swing backward relative to the swing limit seat, so that the thrust rod is reinserted into the thrust slot (the thrust block is first lifted by the frustum-shaped limit part of the thrust rod, and then falls down to limit the frustum-shaped limit part). At this time, the throwing push plate is supported by the swing limit structure behind, so that the material discharge block can be pressed down until the throwing push plate passes the material discharge block, and then throws the sugarcane segment in front.

[0011] Furthermore, the throwing drive mechanism includes a throwing drive motor and a throwing transmission assembly. The throwing drive motor is composed of the reciprocating switch drive motor. The throwing transmission assembly includes the reciprocating push wheel, the throwing transmission beam, and the second return spring. The outer surface of the reciprocating push wheel is provided with a second pushing protrusion. The throwing transmission beam is located below the reciprocating push wheel, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to two throwing side plates. Two second return springs are provided and located on the outer side of the two throwing side plates, and their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding throwing side plates and the support platform. With the above structure, driven by the throwing drive motor (reciprocating switch drive motor), the reciprocating push wheel rotates with the second pushing protrusion and hits the throwing transmission beam below, then pushes the throwing push plate and the throwing side plate to slide linearly away from the leaf stripping mechanism. At this time, the second return spring undergoes elastic deformation and stores energy. At the same time, the material dropping switch mechanism performs a material dropping operation, and the sugarcane section falls onto the support platform and is located in front of the throwing push plate. Next, since the second pushing protrusion moves in a circular motion, when it moves away from the throwing transmission beam, the second return spring releases its potential energy and recovers its deformation, driving the throwing push plate and throwing side plate to move at high speed. The high-speed returning throwing push plate impacts the sugarcane segment, thus throwing it off the support platform. Through theoretical verification and experimental debugging, it is ensured that the sugarcane segment is precisely thrown onto the lower surface of the leaf-removing mechanism to complete leaf removal and impurity removal operations. In the above process, a single motor is used to simultaneously complete the material feeding switch and throwing operations, simplifying the structure and reducing production costs.

[0012] Furthermore, a discharge plate is rotatably connected to the end of each of the two throwing side plates away from the leaf-stripping mechanism. When there is a blockage or when the work is completed and discharge is required, the discharge plate swings backward under the drive of the throwing drive motor, which is equivalent to opening an outlet at the rear to discharge the sugarcane that has passed the drop block, thus ensuring that the equipment can continue to operate without the need to stop for cleaning.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the throwing mechanism further includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes an angle adjustment mounting base, an angle adjustment screw, an adjustment nut, an adjustment transmission rod, and a follower support rod. The angle adjustment mounting base is mounted on the base plate. One end of the support platform is hinged to the angle adjustment mounting base. The angle adjustment screw is rotatably mounted on the angle adjustment mounting base. The adjustment nut is sleeved on the angle adjustment screw. One end of the adjustment transmission rod can slide linearly through the angle adjustment mounting base via an intermediate sliding rod and is connected to the adjustment nut. The other end of the adjustment transmission rod is hinged to the support platform. One end of the follower support rod is hinged to the base plate, and the other end of the follower support rod is movably hinged to the support platform. With the above structure, the tilt angle (throwing angle) of the throwing mechanism can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working conditions. The specific operation is as follows: rotate the angle adjustment screw in the corresponding direction to drive the adjustment nut to move linearly, and then the adjustment transmission rod will raise or lower the support platform until the support platform is adjusted to the specified angle.

[0014] Furthermore, the material dropping mechanism is set on the support platform, so that when the throwing mechanism adjusts its angle, the material dropping mechanism can adjust synchronously, so that the two can maintain a proper positional relationship after adjustment, ensuring normal material dropping and receiving.

[0015] Furthermore, the base plate is mounted on the base via a sliding structure that allows it to be positioned close to or away from the leaf-stripping mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end of the support platform is provided with multiple mud and sand discharge holes, and a collection box is provided below the mud and sand discharge holes, which is set on the base plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention uses a throwing method to replace the traditional conveying structure. While conveying sugarcane, it effectively removes mud and sand adhering to the surface of the sugarcane through inertial separation and collision during the throwing process, significantly reducing the impurity content and making up for the shortcomings of traditional single-fan air separation in removing mud and sand. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the negative pressure throwing sugarcane impurity removal device of the present invention. The arrows in the figure indicate the throwing direction of the sugarcane segments.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the material feeding mechanism and the throwing mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figures 3-4 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the material feeding mechanism and the throwing mechanism of the present invention from two different perspectives.

[0021] Figures 5-6 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the throwing component of the throwing mechanism of the present invention from two different perspectives.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the throwing pusher and swing limiting structure of the throwing mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the leaf-stripping mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0025] Example 1 Combination Figure 1 The negative pressure throwing sugarcane impurity removal device of this embodiment includes a material feeding mechanism, a throwing mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism 1, a negative pressure impurity removal mechanism 2, and a conveying mechanism 3. The material feeding mechanism includes a material feeding hopper 4 for loading sugarcane segments and a material feeding switch mechanism for intermittently opening and closing the opening at the top of the material feeding hopper 4. The throwing mechanism includes a throwing component for receiving sugarcane segments and throwing them onto the lower surface of the leaf stripping mechanism 1 and a throwing drive mechanism for reciprocatingly driving the throwing component to move. The throwing component is located below the material feeding hopper 4. The leaf stripping mechanism 1 is located above the head end of the conveying mechanism 3, and the negative pressure impurity removal mechanism 2 is located above the leaf stripping mechanism 1.

[0026] Combination Figures 2-4The material discharge switch mechanism includes a material discharge switch plate 5 and a reciprocating switch drive mechanism. The material discharge switch plate 5 is located below the bottom opening of the material discharge hopper 4. The reciprocating switch drive mechanism includes a reciprocating switch drive motor 6 and a reciprocating switch transmission assembly. The reciprocating switch drive motor 6 is fixedly mounted on the material discharge frame 7 of the material discharge switch mechanism. The reciprocating switch transmission assembly includes a reciprocating push wheel 8, a reciprocating sliding structure, and a first return spring 9. The reciprocating push wheel 8 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the reciprocating switch drive motor 6, and the outer surface of the reciprocating push wheel 8 is provided with a first return spring 9. The push protrusion 8-1; the reciprocating sliding structure includes a reciprocating sliding rod 10 and a reciprocating sliding guide frame 11. The reciprocating sliding rod 10 is located above the reciprocating push wheel 8. One end of the reciprocating sliding rod 10 is fixedly connected to the material dropping switch plate 5. The reciprocating sliding rod 10 is slidably mounted on the reciprocating sliding guide frame 11. The reciprocating sliding rod 10 is provided with a reciprocating transmission push block 12 that cooperates with the first push protrusion 8-1; the two ends of the first reset spring 9 are respectively connected to the reciprocating sliding rod 10 and the reciprocating sliding guide frame 11 through a fixing structure. With the above structure, driven by the reciprocating switch drive motor 6, the reciprocating pusher 8 rotates below the reciprocating sliding rod 10, and drives the first push protrusion 8-1 to approach the reciprocating transmission push block 12 on the reciprocating sliding rod 10; when the first push protrusion 8-1 contacts the reciprocating transmission push block 12, the first push protrusion 8-1 will push the reciprocating transmission push block 12 and the reciprocating sliding rod 10 to move forward in a straight line (at this time, the first return spring 9 undergoes elastic deformation and stores energy), causing the material discharge switch plate 5 to move horizontally. The bottom opening of the hopper 4 is opened away from the bottom opening, allowing sugarcane segments to fall from the bottom opening of the hopper 4 under gravity onto the throwing assembly below. Since the first pushing protrusion 8-1 moves in a circular motion, when the first pushing protrusion 8-1 moves away from the reciprocating drive push block 12, the first return spring 9 releases its potential energy and recovers its deformation, driving the reciprocating sliding rod 10 to return to its original position, causing the discharge switch plate 5 to return to below the bottom opening of the hopper 4, thus closing the bottom opening of the hopper 4. Following this operation, the reciprocating switch drive motor 6 cyclically drives the reciprocating push wheel 8 to rotate, continuously pushing open the discharge switch plate 5, thereby achieving intermittent opening and closing, and discharging sugarcane segments into the throwing assembly in batches for further throwing.

[0027] Combination Figures 2-4 The first pushing protrusion 8-1 and the reciprocating transmission push block 12 are both provided in twos. The two first pushing protrusions 8-1 are arranged along the circumferential direction on the reciprocating push wheel 8, and the two reciprocating transmission push blocks 12 are arranged in a straight line on the reciprocating sliding rod 10. In this way, the distance of the reciprocating sliding rod 10 moving in one stroke can be extended, the opening range of the bottom opening of the hopper 4 can be expanded, and more sugarcane segments can be dropped at one time.

[0028] Combination Figures 2-6The throwing assembly includes a support platform 13, a throwing pusher plate 14, and a throwing side plate 15. The throwing pusher plate 14 and the throwing side plate 15 are slidably mounted on the support platform 13. There are two throwing side plates 15 arranged in parallel. The throwing pusher plate 14 is located between the two throwing side plates 15. The throwing pusher plate 14 is used to throw the sugarcane segments that fall onto the side of the peeling mechanism 1 facing it to the bottom surface of the peeling mechanism 1.

[0029] Combination Figures 6-7 The top two ends of the throwing push plate 14 are respectively hinged to the ends of the two throwing side plates 15 near the leaf stripping mechanism 1. The throwing push plate 14 has a swing limiting structure on the side facing away from the leaf stripping mechanism 1. This swing limiting structure includes a swing limiting seat 16, a thrust block 17, a thrust spring 18, and a thrust rod 19. The swing limiting seat 16 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the throwing side plate 15. The swing limiting seat 16 has a thrust groove 16-1 and a thrust mounting groove. Two thrust blocks 17 and two thrust springs 18 are provided, with the two thrust blocks 17 symmetrically arranged. One end of the thrust block 17 extends into the thrust groove 16-1. The side of the thrust block 17 facing the opening of the thrust groove 16-1 has an inclined pressing surface. The other end of the thrust block 17 passes through the thrust spring 18. One end of the thrust rod 19 is fixedly connected to the throwing plate 14. The other end of the thrust rod 19 has a frustum-shaped limiting part 19-1. In the non-working state, the thrust rod 19 is located between the two thrust blocks 17. The frustum-shaped limiting part 19-1 is located between the thrust block 17 and the bottom of the thrust groove 16-1.

[0030] Combination Figures 2-6 The throwing assembly also includes a material drop block 20 and a block return torsion spring (not shown in the figure). The support platform 13 is provided with mounting holes. The material drop block 20 is rotatably connected in the mounting holes. One end of the material drop block 20 is a rotating connection part, and the rotation center of the rotating connection part is parallel to the rotation center of the throwing push plate 14. The other end of the material drop block 20 is a material blocking part, which is closer to the throwing push plate 14 than the rotating connection part. The block return torsion spring is sleeved on the rotation center of the material drop block 20. Under non-external force, the block return torsion spring causes the material drop block 20 to protrude on the surface of the support platform 13.

[0031] With the above structure, when the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly to move forward, the throwing push plate 14 pushes the sugarcane segment forward. When the throwing drive mechanism stops, the sugarcane segment is automatically thrown out under the action of inertia. Although the throwing push plate 14 is rotatably connected between the two throwing side plates 15 and is also subject to inertia, the frustum-shaped limiting part 19-1 of the thrust rod 19 is located between the bottom of the thrust block 17 and the thrust groove 16-1, that is, it is limited by the thrust block 17 in the thrust groove 16-1, preventing the throwing push plate 14 from swinging freely and ensuring the stability of the throwing trajectory. During the above process, since the throwing assembly operates dynamically, not all sugarcane segments can accurately fall in front of the throwing pusher plate 14. Some sugarcane segments may fall between the throwing pusher plate 14 and the material discharge block 20. When the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly to move backward, the throwing pusher plate 14 will collide with the sugarcane segments. Due to the large force of the sugarcane segments, the frustum-shaped limiting part 19-1 of the thrust rod 19 will push up the thrust block 17 and then disengage from the thrust groove 16-1, allowing the throwing pusher plate 14 to swing forward to avoid the sugarcane segments and the material discharge block 20 behind it, until it completely passes the material discharge block 20. At this time, the throwing pusher plate 14 is located behind the material discharge block 20, while the sugarcane segments are still blocked by the material discharge block. Before block 20; when the throwing drive mechanism drives the throwing assembly forward again, the bottom of the throwing push plate 14 will contact the material drop block 20. The material drop block 20 will apply backward resistance to the throwing push plate 14. This resistance will cause the throwing push plate 14 to swing backward relative to the swing limit seat 16, so that the thrust rod 19 will be reinserted into the thrust slot 16-1 (the thrust block 17 is first lifted by the frustum-shaped limit part 19-1 of the thrust rod 19, and then falls down to limit the frustum-shaped limit part 19-1). At this time, the throwing push plate 14 is supported by the swing limit structure behind, so that the material drop block 20 can be pressed down until the throwing push plate 14 passes the material drop block 20, and then throws the sugarcane segment in front.

[0032] Combination Figures 2-4The throwing drive mechanism includes a throwing drive motor and a throwing transmission assembly. The throwing drive motor is composed of the reciprocating switch drive motor 6. The throwing transmission assembly includes a reciprocating pusher 8, a throwing transmission beam 21, and a second return spring 22. The outer circumference of the reciprocating pusher 8 is provided with a second pushing protrusion 8-2. The throwing transmission beam 21 is located below the reciprocating pusher 8, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to two throwing side plates 15. There are two second return springs 22, which are respectively located on the outside of the two throwing side plates 15. The two ends of the second return springs 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding throwing side plate 15 and the support platform 13. With the above structure, driven by the throwing drive motor (reciprocating switch drive motor 6), the reciprocating pusher 8 rotates with the second pushing protrusion 8-2 and hits the throwing transmission beam 21 below, and then pushes the throwing pusher plate 14 and the throwing side plate 15 to slide in a straight line away from the leaf stripping mechanism 1. At this time, the second return spring 22 undergoes elastic deformation and stores energy. At the same time, the material dropping switch mechanism performs the material dropping operation simultaneously, and the sugarcane section falls onto the support platform 13 and is located in front of the throwing pusher plate 14. Next, since the second pushing protrusion 8-2 moves in a circular motion, when the second pushing protrusion 8-2 moves away from the throwing transmission beam 21, the second return spring 22 releases its potential energy to restore its deformation, driving the throwing push plate 14 and the throwing side plate 15 to move at high speed to reset. The high-speed reset throwing push plate 14 impacts the sugarcane segment, thereby throwing the sugarcane segment off the support platform 13. After theoretical verification and experimental debugging, it is ensured that the sugarcane segment is thrown precisely onto the lower surface of the leaf-removing mechanism 1 to complete the leaf-removing and impurity-removing operations. In the above process, a single motor is used to simultaneously complete the two different operations of the material feeding switch and the throwing, which simplifies the structure and reduces production costs.

[0033] Combination Figures 2-6 Two throwing side plates 15 are rotatably connected to a discharge plate 23 at the end away from the leaf stripping mechanism 1. When there is a blockage or when the work is completed and discharge is required, the discharge plate 23 swings backward under the drive of the throwing drive motor, which is equivalent to opening an outlet at the rear to discharge the sugarcane that has passed the falling block 20, thus achieving discharge and ensuring that the equipment can continue to operate without stopping for cleaning.

[0034] Combination Figures 1-4The throwing mechanism further includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which comprises an angle adjustment mounting base 24, an angle adjustment screw 25, an adjustment nut, an adjustment transmission rod 26, and a follower support rod 27. The angle adjustment mounting base 24 is mounted on the base plate 28. One end of the support platform 13 is hinged to the angle adjustment mounting base 24. The angle adjustment screw 25 is rotatably mounted on the angle adjustment mounting base 24. The adjustment nut is sleeved on the angle adjustment screw 25. One end of the adjustment transmission rod 26 can slide linearly through the angle adjustment mounting base 24 via an intermediate sliding rod and is connected to the adjustment nut. The other end of the adjustment transmission rod 26 is hinged to the support platform 13. One end of the follower support rod 27 is hinged to the base plate 28, and the other end of the follower support rod 27 is movably hinged to the support platform 13. With the above structure, the tilt angle (throwing angle) of the throwing mechanism can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working conditions. The specific operation is as follows: rotate the angle adjustment screw 25 in the corresponding direction to drive the adjustment nut to move linearly, and then the adjustment transmission rod 26 will lift or lower the support platform 13 until the support platform 13 is adjusted to the specified angle.

[0035] Furthermore, the material dropping mechanism is mounted on the support platform 13, so that when the throwing mechanism adjusts its angle, the material dropping mechanism can adjust synchronously, so that the two can maintain a proper positional relationship after adjustment, ensuring normal material dropping and receiving.

[0036] Furthermore, the base plate 28 is mounted on the base 29 via a sliding structure that allows it to be close to or away from the leaf-stripping mechanism 1.

[0037] Furthermore, the front end of the support platform 13 is provided with a plurality of mud and sand discharge holes, and a collection box 30 is provided below the mud and sand discharge holes, which is mounted on the base plate 28.

[0038] Combination Figure 8 The leaf-removing mechanism 1 includes a support frame 1-1, an active leaf-removing roller 1-2, a driven leaf-removing roller 1-3, a leaf-removing drive mechanism 1-4, and a tension adjustment mechanism 1-5. The support frame 1-1 is used to install and fix all functional components to ensure the overall structural stability. The active leaf-removing roller 1-2 has a comb-tooth / protrusion structure on its surface and is the core leaf-removing execution component, generating a rubbing and combing effect through rotation. The driven leaf-removing roller 1-3 cooperates with the active leaf-removing roller 1-2 in a roller belt, which is used for clamping and assisting in leaf removal. The leaf-removing drive mechanism 1-4 includes a motor, a reducer, pulleys / gear sets, etc., which provide power to the leaf-removing roller and the conveying roller and adjust the speed. The tension adjustment mechanism 1-5 is located at both ends of the support frame 1-1 and can adjust the roller spacing and roller belt tension to adapt to crop stems of different thicknesses.

[0039] In addition, the specific structures of the conveying mechanism 3 and the impurity removal mechanism can be referred to the prior art.

[0040] Example 2 Combination Figures 1-7 The working principle of the negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device in this embodiment is as follows: During operation, sugarcane segments are first fed into the feeding hopper 4 of the feeding mechanism. The reciprocating switch drive motor 6 of the feeding switch mechanism starts, driving the reciprocating push wheel 8 on its output shaft to rotate. When the first pushing protrusion 8-1 on the outer circumference of the reciprocating push wheel 8 contacts the reciprocating transmission push block 12 on the reciprocating sliding rod 10, it pushes the reciprocating sliding rod 10 and the feeding switch plate 5 fixed thereto to move linearly, thereby opening the bottom opening of the feeding hopper 4 and allowing the sugarcane segments to fall. After the first pushing protrusion 8-1 passes the contact point, the first return spring 9 pulls the reciprocating sliding rod 10 and the feeding switch plate 5 to reset, closing the bottom opening of the feeding hopper 4 and realizing intermittent feeding.

[0041] The falling sugarcane segments land on the support platform 13 of the throwing mechanism. The throwing drive mechanism and the material dropping switch mechanism share the same reciprocating switch drive motor 6. While driving the reciprocating pusher 8 to rotate to control the material dropping, the second pushing protrusion 8-2 on the outer circumference of the reciprocating pusher 8 periodically pushes the throwing transmission beam 21, which is fixedly connected to the throwing side plate 15. This causes the throwing side plate 15 and the throwing pusher plate 14 hinged therebetween to compress the second return spring 22 and slide backward. At this time, the sugarcane segments that have been dropped are located in front of the throwing pusher plate 14. After the second pushing protrusion 8-2 passes the contact point, the second return spring 22 releases its elastic potential energy, driving the throwing side plate 15 and the throwing pusher plate 14 to slide forward at high speed. During this process, the throwing pusher plate 14 strikes the sugarcane segments in front of it and uses inertia to throw the sugarcane segments out at high speed. During the forward throwing phase of the throwing push plate 14, the frustum-shaped limiting part 19-1 at the end of the thrust rod 19 fixed thereon is located in the thrust groove 16-1 of the swing limiting seat 16, and is locked and limited by the thrust block 17 under the action of the thrust spring 18, so that the throwing push plate 14 and the throwing side plate 15 form a rigid connection, ensuring the stability of the throwing trajectory.

[0042] The ejected sugarcane segments impact the lower surface of the leaf-removing mechanism 1 located above the head of the conveying mechanism 3. The impact process removes some of the mud and sand, and the leaf-removing mechanism 1 then removes the residual leaves and other impurities from the sugarcane segments. At the same time, the negative pressure impurity removal mechanism 2 (fan) generates a downward-flowing negative pressure airflow, which adsorbs and removes the mud, sand, and light impurities on the sugarcane surface that have been loosened by the collision.

[0043] After being thrown and subjected to negative pressure impurity removal, the clean sugarcane segments are placed on the conveyor mechanism 3 below and transported to the subsequent stages by the conveyor mechanism 3.

[0044] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure throwing-type sugarcane impurity removal device, characterized in that, It includes a material feeding mechanism, a throwing mechanism, a leaf stripping mechanism, a negative pressure impurity removal mechanism, and a conveying mechanism; The material feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper for loading sugarcane segments and a feeding switch mechanism for intermittently opening and closing the opening at the top of the feeding hopper. The throwing mechanism includes a throwing assembly for receiving sugarcane segments and throwing them against the lower surface of the leaf-peeling mechanism, and a throwing drive mechanism for reciprocatingly driving the throwing assembly to move in a throwing motion. The throwing assembly is located below the hopper. The leaf-stripping mechanism is located above the head end of the conveying mechanism, and the negative pressure impurity removal mechanism is located above the leaf-stripping mechanism.

2. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material feeding switch mechanism includes a material feeding switch plate and a reciprocating switch drive mechanism, wherein the material feeding switch plate is located below the bottom opening of the material feeding hopper; The reciprocating switch drive mechanism includes a reciprocating switch drive motor and a reciprocating switch transmission assembly. The reciprocating switch drive motor is fixedly mounted on the feeding frame of the feeding switch mechanism. The reciprocating switch transmission assembly includes a reciprocating push wheel, a reciprocating sliding structure, and a first return spring. The reciprocating push wheel is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the reciprocating switch drive motor, and its outer circumference is provided with a first pushing protrusion. The reciprocating sliding structure includes a reciprocating sliding rod and a reciprocating sliding guide frame. The reciprocating sliding rod is located above the reciprocating push wheel, and one end of the reciprocating sliding rod is fixedly connected to the feeding switch plate. The reciprocating sliding rod is slidably mounted on the reciprocating sliding guide frame, and its reciprocating sliding rod is provided with a reciprocating transmission push block that cooperates with the first pushing protrusion. The two ends of the first return spring are respectively connected to the reciprocating sliding rod and the reciprocating sliding guide frame through a fixing structure.

3. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first push protrusion and the reciprocating transmission push block are both provided in twos. The two first push protrusions are arranged on the reciprocating push wheel along the circumferential direction, and the two reciprocating transmission push blocks are arranged in a straight line on the reciprocating sliding rod.

4. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The throwing assembly includes a support platform, a throwing pusher plate, and a throwing side plate. The throwing pusher plate and the throwing side plate are slidably mounted on the support platform. There are two throwing side plates arranged in parallel. The throwing pusher plate is located between the two throwing side plates. The throwing pusher plate is used to throw the sugarcane segments that fall onto the side of the peeling mechanism facing it to the bottom surface of the peeling mechanism.

5. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top two ends of the throwing push plate are respectively hinged to the two throwing side plates near the leaf stripping mechanism. The throwing push plate is provided with a swing limiting structure on the side facing away from the leaf stripping mechanism. The swing limiting structure includes a swing limiting seat, a thrust block, a thrust spring and a thrust rod. The swing limiting seat is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the throwing side plate. The swing limiting seat is provided with a thrust groove and a thrust mounting groove. There are two thrust blocks and two thrust springs. The two thrust blocks are symmetrically arranged. One end of the thrust block extends into the thrust groove. The side of the thrust block facing the opening of the thrust groove has an inclined extrusion surface. The other end of the thrust block passes through the thrust spring. One end of the thrust rod is fixedly connected to the throwing push plate. The other end of the thrust rod has a frustum-shaped limiting part. In the non-working state, the thrust rod is located between the two thrust blocks. The frustum-shaped limiting part is located between the thrust block and the bottom of the thrust groove.

6. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The throwing assembly also includes a material drop block and a block return torsion spring. The support platform is provided with mounting holes. The material drop block is rotatably connected in the mounting holes. One end of the material drop block is a rotating connection part, and the rotation center of the rotating connection part is parallel to the rotation center of the throwing push plate. The other end of the material drop block is a material blocking part, which is closer to the throwing push plate than the rotating connection part. The block return torsion spring is sleeved on the rotation center of the material drop block. Under non-external force, the block return torsion spring causes the material drop block to protrude above the surface of the support platform.

7. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The throwing drive mechanism includes a throwing drive motor and a throwing transmission assembly. The throwing drive motor is composed of the reciprocating switch drive motor. The throwing transmission assembly includes a reciprocating push wheel, a throwing transmission beam, and a second return spring. The outer surface of the reciprocating push wheel is provided with a second pushing protrusion. The throwing transmission beam is located below the reciprocating push wheel, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to two throwing side plates. There are two second return springs, which are located on the outer side of the two throwing side plates. The two ends of the second return springs are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding throwing side plate and the support platform.

8. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two throwing side plates are rotatably connected to the unloading plate at the ends away from the leaf stripping mechanism.

9. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The throwing mechanism also includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes an angle adjustment mounting base, an angle adjustment screw, an adjustment nut, an adjustment transmission rod, and a follow-up support rod. The angle adjustment mounting base is mounted on the base plate. One end of the support platform is hinged to the angle adjustment mounting base. The angle adjustment screw is rotatably mounted on the angle adjustment mounting base. The adjustment nut is sleeved on the angle adjustment screw. One end of the adjustment transmission rod can slide linearly through the angle adjustment mounting base via an intermediate sliding rod and is connected to the adjustment nut. The other end of the adjustment transmission rod is hinged to the support platform. One end of the follower support rod is hinged to the base plate, and the other end of the follower support rod is movably hinged to the support platform.

10. The negative pressure throwing type sugarcane impurity removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The base plate is mounted on the base via a sliding structure that allows it to be close to or away from the leaf-stripping mechanism; The front end of the support platform is provided with multiple mud and sand discharge holes, and a collection box is provided below the mud and sand discharge holes. The collection box is set on the base plate.

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