Flexible anti-aging PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a flexible anti-aging PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials. The material comprises the following raw materials: PVC resin, a plasticizer, a stabilizer, a filler and reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester chain segments and epoxy groups. According to the reactive core-shell nanoparticles, nano silicon dioxide is used as an inorganic core, an organic shell layer containing an epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate chain segment is chemically bonded on the surface of the reactive core-shell nanoparticles, and the reactive core-shell nanoparticles react with a PVC molecular chain through an epoxy group at the tail end of the reactive core-shell nanoparticles in the material processing process. Through the synergistic effect of the core particles and the compound additive, migration, volatilization and extraction of the plasticizer are effectively inhibited, long-term flexibility maintenance is realized, thermo-oxidative aging resistance is remarkably improved, and the material is excellent in environmental protection property and high in processing adaptability and can meet the use requirements of wire and cable insulating sheath materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polymer materials technology, and relates to a flexible and anti-aging PVC material, its preparation method and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used general-purpose synthetic resin with many advantages, including low cost, easy processing and molding, excellent mechanical strength, and outstanding insulation properties. It is extensively used in the wire and cable industry, especially as the insulation layer and sheathing material for wires and cables. The insulation materials of wires and cables need to withstand long-term environmental temperature changes, mechanical friction, and thermal-oxidative corrosion, thus placing stringent requirements on the flexibility, aging resistance, dimensional stability, and insulation reliability of PVC materials.

[0003] To meet the requirements for insulation materials in wires and cables, existing technologies typically prepare flexible and anti-aging PVC materials by adding various additives to PVC resin. The core formulation system generally includes components such as plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers. Among them, plasticizers are used to disrupt the intermolecular forces of PVC, improving the material's flexibility and processing fluidity; stabilizers are used to inhibit the thermo-oxidative degradation of PVC during processing and use, delaying the aging process; fillers can optimize the material's mechanical properties and dimensional stability to a certain extent, and some functional fillers can also help improve the anti-aging effect. Existing technologies mostly attempt to balance the key properties of the material, such as flexibility and anti-aging properties, by adjusting the types and proportions of various additives.

[0004] However, existing technologies for preparing flexible and anti-aging PVC materials still have many shortcomings. For example, to achieve the required flexibility, soft PVC cable materials often require the addition of large amounts of plasticizers. Moreover, most existing plasticizers are small-molecule types, which are prone to migration, volatilization, and extraction during long-term use. This not only leads to a gradual decrease in material flexibility, increased hardness, and embrittlement and cracking, but also affects the performance of surrounding contact materials and may even pose environmental and safety hazards. Furthermore, existing stabilization systems are mostly single-function stabilizers with limited anti-aging protection, making it difficult to effectively resist multiple aging stresses under complex environments. Additionally, the poor compatibility of various additives with the PVC matrix and their tendency to agglomerate lead to uneven material performance, further restricting the improvement of the material's overall performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible and anti-aging PVC material, its preparation method, and its application. By introducing reactive core-shell nanoparticles, a chemically anchored synergistic network is constructed in the PVC matrix to inhibit the migration of plasticizers that cause aging, and to achieve improved material performance through a synergistic and efficient composite stabilizing system.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; Plasticizer 30-50 parts; Stabilizer 5-10 parts; 5-20 parts of filler; 3-10 parts of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyester segment is a polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plasticizer includes a polyester plasticizer and a trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of (2:1) to (4:1). The high molecular weight polyester provides durable flexibility and anti-migration properties, while the trimellitate plasticizer optimizes the low-temperature plasticizing effect and improves heat resistance. The two work together to ensure excellent flexibility performance over a wide temperature range.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, a phosphite, and a hindered phenol antioxidant; the mass ratio of the three is (4-6):(1-2):(0.5-1). The calcium-zinc stabilizer mainly focuses on heat stability, the phosphite assists in antioxidant activity and integrates metal ions, and the hindered phenol captures free radicals, forming a multi-pathway, synergistic protective network to effectively resist thermo-oxidative aging.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filler is surface-treated nano-calcium carbonate.

[0013] Furthermore, a method for preparing the aforementioned reactive core-shell nanoparticles includes the steps of: reacting a surface-amined inorganic nanocore with a terminal epoxy-coated polyester, such that the terminal epoxy-coated polyester reacts with an amine group through its epoxy groups and is grafted onto the surface of the nanocore; nanoparticles The core enhances the thermal and dimensional stability of the material; the grafted polyester segment structure is highly compatible with the main plasticizer (polyester); during the melt processing of PVC materials (160-190℃), the epoxy groups at the shell ends react with the active chlorine atoms on the PVC molecular chain; in other words, the flexible polyester segments are combined with the rigid nanostructure. It is also bonded to the PVC matrix. It can lock in the plasticizer phase and inhibit its migration, volatilization and extraction; at the same time, it works synergistically with the composite plasticizing system and composite stabilizing and protective system to jointly resist environmental stresses such as heat and oxygen, thus achieving long-term maintenance of flexibility and significant improvement in aging resistance.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the epoxy-terminated polyester is as follows: polybutylene adipate diol, epichlorohydrin, and tetrabutylammonium bromide catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 60-70°C and mixed evenly, and 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, controlling the dropping rate to maintain the reaction temperature at 65-70°C. The dropping process takes 40-80 minutes. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at 65-75°C for 4-6 hours. After washing and rotary evaporation, epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate is obtained.

[0015] Furthermore, a method for preparing the aforementioned flexible and anti-aging PVC material includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 110-125℃ until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 160℃-190℃.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The present invention prepares reactive core-shell nanoparticles. Through the dual structure design of inorganic core and organic shell, it takes advantage of the excellent compatibility between polyester chain segments and plasticizer and PVC matrix, and through the combination of epoxy groups and active chlorine atoms of PVC molecular chain, to form a cross-linked network of rigid nano core, flexible polyester chain and PVC matrix, lock the plasticizer phase, solve the problem of flexibility reduction and later embrittlement caused by plasticizer migration, volatilization and extraction in existing soft PVC cable materials, and ensure the stability of flexibility performance during long-term use of materials.

[0017] (2) This invention employs a composite stabilizing system and reactive core-shell nanoparticles for synergistic protection. Calcium-zinc heat stabilizer primarily targets thermal stability, phosphite assists in antioxidant activity and chelates metal ions, and hindered phenol efficiently captures free radicals, forming a multi-pathway anti-thermal-oxidative aging network. At the same time, the nano-silica core enhances the basic thermal and dimensional stability of the material, and works synergistically with the stabilizing system to resist multiple aging stresses under complex environments. Compared with existing single stabilizing systems, the anti-aging effect is greatly improved, which can effectively delay the degradation of PVC molecular chains and extend the outdoor and long-term service life of wire and cable insulation sheath materials.

[0018] (3) In the composite plasticizing system of the present invention, polyester plasticizer provides long-lasting flexibility, and trimellitate plasticizer optimizes low-temperature plasticizing effect and improves heat resistance. The two are compounded in a specific ratio, combined with the flexible supplementation effect of reactive core-shell nanoparticles, so that the material can maintain excellent flexibility in both high and low temperature environments, breaking through the limitation of insufficient wide temperature range performance of existing PVC materials. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example 1 A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 40 parts plasticizer; 8 parts stabilizer; 10 parts of filler; Six portions of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0021] The reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0022] The inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica, the polyester segment is polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

[0023] The plasticizer includes polyester plasticizer KW-25 and trioctyl trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of 3:1.

[0024] The stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, phosphite, and antioxidant 1010; the mass ratio of the three is 5:1:1.

[0025] The filler is nano-calcium carbonate treated with stearic acid.

[0026] A method for preparing the aforementioned reactive core-shell nanoparticles includes the following steps: A1. Disperse nano-silica in anhydrous toluene, add γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), reflux at 82°C for 10 hours, and after washing and drying, obtain surface-amined nano-SiO2. A2. Disperse the product obtained in step A1 in anhydrous toluene, add terminal epoxy polybutylene adipate, and react at 90°C for 8 hours under nitrogen protection. A3. Separate the solid product by continuously extracting the product with toluene as solvent using a Soxhlet extractor for 24 hours to remove physically adsorbed organic matter. A4. The solid product from step A3 is vacuum dried at 55°C to constant weight to obtain the reactive core-shell nanoparticles.

[0027] The preparation method of the epoxy-terminated polyester is as follows: polybutylene adipate diol, epichlorohydrin, and tetrabutylammonium bromide catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 65°C and mixed evenly. A 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, and the dropping rate is controlled to maintain the reaction temperature at 68°C. The dropping process takes 60 minutes. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at 70°C for 5 hours. After washing and rotary evaporation, epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate is obtained.

[0028] A method for preparing the aforementioned flexible and anti-aging PVC material includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 120°C until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 175°C.

[0029] Example 2 A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 30 parts plasticizer; Stabilizer 5 parts; 5 parts of filler; Three portions of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0030] The reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0031] The inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica, the polyester segment is polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

[0032] The plasticizer includes polyester plasticizer KW-25 and trioctyl trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0033] The stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, phosphite, and antioxidant 1010; the mass ratio of the three is 4:1:0.5.

[0034] The filler is nano-calcium carbonate treated with stearic acid.

[0035] A method for preparing the aforementioned reactive core-shell nanoparticles includes the following steps: A1. Nano-silica was dispersed in anhydrous toluene, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) was added. The mixture was refluxed at 80°C for 8 hours. After washing and drying, surface-amined nano-silica was obtained. ; A2. Disperse the product obtained in step A1 in anhydrous toluene, add terminal epoxy polybutylene adipate, and react at 88°C for 6 hours under nitrogen protection. A3. Separate the solid product by continuously extracting the product with toluene as solvent using a Soxhlet extractor for 20 hours to remove physically adsorbed organic matter. A4. The solid product from step A3 is vacuum dried at 50°C to constant weight to obtain the reactive core-shell nanoparticles.

[0036] The preparation method of the epoxy-terminated polyester is as follows: polybutylene adipate diol, epichlorohydrin, and tetrabutylammonium bromide catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 60°C and mixed evenly. A 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, and the dropping rate is controlled to maintain the reaction temperature at 65°C. The dropping process takes 40 minutes. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at 65°C for 4 hours. After washing and rotary evaporation, epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate is obtained.

[0037] A method for preparing the aforementioned flexible and anti-aging PVC material includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 110°C until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 160°C.

[0038] Example 3 A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 50 parts plasticizer; 10 parts stabilizer; 20 parts of filler; Ten parts of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0039] The reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0040] The inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica, the polyester segment is polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

[0041] The plasticizer includes polyester plasticizer KW-25 and trioctyl trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of 4:1.

[0042] The stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, phosphite, and antioxidant 1010; the mass ratio of the three is 6:2:1.

[0043] The filler is nano-calcium carbonate treated with stearic acid.

[0044] A method for preparing the aforementioned reactive core-shell nanoparticles includes the following steps: A1. Nano-silica was dispersed in anhydrous toluene, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) was added. The mixture was refluxed at 85°C for 12 hours. After washing and drying, surface-amined nano-silica was obtained. ; A2. Disperse the product obtained in step A1 in anhydrous toluene, add terminal epoxy polybutylene adipate, and react at 92°C for 10 hours under nitrogen protection. A3. Separate the solid product by continuously extracting the product with toluene as solvent using a Soxhlet extractor for 20-28 hours to remove physically adsorbed organic matter. A4. The solid product from step A3 is vacuum dried at 60°C to constant weight to obtain the reactive core-shell nanoparticles.

[0045] The preparation method of the epoxy-terminated polyester is as follows: polybutylene adipate diol, epichlorohydrin, and tetrabutylammonium bromide catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 70°C and mixed evenly. A 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, and the dropping rate is controlled to maintain the reaction temperature at 70°C. The dropping process takes 80 minutes. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at 75°C for 6 hours. After washing and rotary evaporation, epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate is obtained.

[0046] A method for preparing the aforementioned flexible and anti-aging PVC material includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 125°C until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 190°C.

[0047] Example 4 A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin; 40 parts plasticizer; 8 parts stabilizer; 10 parts of filler; Six portions of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0048] The reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

[0049] The inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica, the polyester segment is polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

[0050] The plasticizer includes polyester plasticizer KW-25 and trioctyl trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of 3:1.

[0051] The stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, phosphite, and antioxidant 1010; the mass ratio of the three is 5:1:1.

[0052] The filler is nano-calcium carbonate treated with stearic acid.

[0053] A method for preparing the aforementioned reactive core-shell nanoparticles includes the following steps: A1. Nano-silica was dispersed in anhydrous toluene, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) was added. The mixture was refluxed at 85°C for 12 hours. After washing and drying, surface-amined nano-silica was obtained. ; A2. Disperse the product obtained in step A1 in anhydrous toluene, add terminal epoxy polybutylene adipate, and react at 92°C for 10 hours under nitrogen protection. A3. Separate the solid product by continuously extracting the product with toluene as solvent using a Soxhlet extractor for 20-28 hours to remove physically adsorbed organic matter. A4. The solid product from step A3 is vacuum dried at 60°C to constant weight to obtain the reactive core-shell nanoparticles.

[0054] The preparation method of the epoxy-terminated polyester is as follows: polybutylene adipate diol, epichlorohydrin, and tetrabutylammonium bromide catalyst are added to a reaction vessel, heated to 70°C and mixed evenly. A 50% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, and the dropping rate is controlled to maintain the reaction temperature at 70°C. The dropping process takes 80 minutes. After the dropping is completed, the reaction is kept at 75°C for 6 hours. After washing and rotary evaporation, epoxy-terminated polybutylene adipate is obtained.

[0055] A method for preparing the aforementioned flexible and anti-aging PVC material includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 125°C until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 190°C.

[0056] Comparative Example 1 Based on Example 1, reactive core-shell nanoparticles were replaced with nano-silica, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 2 Based on Example 1, reactive core-shell nanoparticles were not added, but were replaced with equal amounts of nano-silica, polybutylene adipate diol, and epichlorohydrin, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3 Based on Example 1, the polyester plasticizer in the plasticizer was replaced with an equal amount of dioctyl phthalate (DOP), while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 4 Based on Example 1, the plasticizer used was polyester plasticizer (40 parts in total), without the addition of trimellitic ester plasticizer, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 5 Based on Example 1, the plasticizer used was trimellitic ester plasticizer (40 parts in total), without the addition of polyester plasticizer, and the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 6 Based on Example 1, the stabilizer used was calcium-zinc heat stabilizer (8 parts in total), without the addition of phosphite and hindered phenol, and the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 7 Based on Example 1, an equal amount of untreated nano-calcium carbonate was used to replace the surface-treated nano-calcium carbonate, while the rest remained the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Performance testing: Flexibility: According to GB / T 1040.2 standard, the granules are injection molded into standard dumbbell-shaped specimens, stretched at a certain speed on a universal tensile testing machine, and the tensile strength and elongation at break are recorded. Hardness: Measured using a Shore A hardness tester according to GB / T 2411 standard; Aging resistance: The elongation at break after aging was tested after 168 hours of heat aging at 135℃ according to GB / T 2951.12 standard.

[0064] The test results show that the example, by introducing reactive core-shell nanoparticles and synergistically combining a composite plasticizing system with a composite stabilizing and protective system, exhibits high initial flexibility and excellent heat aging resistance; Comparative Example 1 uses ordinary nanoparticles... While rigid nanoparticles, used as physical fillers instead of reactive particles, can slightly improve strength and hardness, they severely restrict the movement of PVC molecular chains. More importantly, the problem of plasticizer migration remains unresolved, and the rigid interface easily becomes a stress concentration point under thermal aging, resulting in poor long-term durability. Comparative Example 2 simply physically mixes the raw materials required for synthesizing reactive particles, which fails to spontaneously form an effective core-shell structure during processing. The components act independently and may even interfere with each other, leading to complete failure of network construction and performance even worse than that of Comparative Example 1 with simple filling. Comparative Example 3 uses small molecule phthalate (DOP) to replace the polyester plasticizer in this invention. Although the initial flexibility is comparable, the retention rate of elongation at break after thermal aging decreases significantly. Comparative Example 4 shows that the single high molecular weight polyester has low plasticizing efficiency, and its molecular structure has poor durability. There are shortcomings in high-temperature performance. The lack of heat-resistant synergy from trimellitate plasticizers makes the material's performance deteriorate faster during long-term thermal aging. Although Comparative Example 5 uses only trimellitate plasticizers and has good heat resistance, as a monomeric plasticizer, its anti-migration properties are far inferior to those of high molecular weight polyesters. During long-term thermal aging, trimellitate plasticizers are more prone to volatilization and loss, leading to an accelerated decrease in flexibility. Comparative Example 6 uses only calcium-zinc stabilizers and lacks the synergy of phosphite and hindered phenolic antioxidants, causing the material to rapidly undergo oxidative embrittlement in a hot and oxygen environment. Comparative Example 7 uses untreated nano-calcium carbonate. The surface of nano-calcium carbonate is hydrophilic and has extremely poor compatibility with the hydrophobic PVC matrix, leading to severe agglomeration. These agglomerates, as stress defect points, not only greatly hinder molecular chain movement (leading to initial brittleness and hardness) but also accelerate the generation and propagation of cracks during aging.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible and anti-aging PVC material, characterized in that, By weight, it includes the following components: 100 parts of PVC resin; Plasticizer 30-50 parts; Stabilizer 5-10 parts; 5-20 parts of filler; 3-10 parts of reactive core-shell nanoparticles containing polyester segments and epoxy groups.

2. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactive core-shell nanoparticles include an inorganic nanocore and an organic shell grafted onto the surface of the inorganic nanocore; the organic shell comprises polyester segments and epoxy groups.

3. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inorganic nanonucleus is nano-silica.

4. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polyester segment is a polybutylene adipate segment, and the epoxy group is located at the end of the polyester segment.

5. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasticizer includes polyester plasticizer and trimellitate plasticizer, with a weight ratio of (2:1) to (4:1).

6. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer, a phosphite, and a hindered phenolic antioxidant; the mass ratio of the three is (4-6):(1-2):(0.5-1).

7. The flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler is surface-treated nano-calcium carbonate.

8. A method for preparing reactive core-shell nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: reacting a surface-amined inorganic nanonucleus with an epoxy-terminated polyester, such that the epoxy-terminated polyester reacts with an amino group through its epoxy groups and is grafted onto the surface of the nanonucleus.

9. A method for preparing the flexible and anti-aging PVC material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Mix PVC resin, reactive core-shell nanoparticles, stabilizer and plasticizer in part 1 at 110-125℃ until homogeneous; (2) Add the remaining plasticizer and filler, and mix evenly to obtain the premix; (3) The premixed material is melt-extruded and granulated at 160℃-190℃.

10. The use of the flexible, anti-aging PVC material as described in any one of claims 1-7 in the preparation of wire and cable insulation layers.

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