Environment-friendly solid deicing antifreezing agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly solid deicing antifreezing agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the environment-friendly solid deicing antifreezing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40%-50% of potassium acetate, 18%-26% of urea, 22%-30% of an antifreezing agent, 5%-10% of a stabilizer and 1%-3% of a corrosion inhibitor. The environment-friendly solid deicing anti-freezing agent effectively solves the technical problems that an anti-freezing solution in the prior art is limited in application range, corrosive to metal facilities and harmful to animals, plants and ecological environment due to containing toxic and harmful substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antifreeze technology, and relates to an environmentally friendly solid de-icing antifreeze agent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The harsh winter weather, with its freezing temperatures and snow, poses a severe challenge to road safety and freight transport efficiency, making antifreeze widely used in such conditions. These products can not only be used for de-icing and antifreeze in areas such as highways to ensure traffic and operational safety, but can also be directly applied to transported goods to effectively prevent loading and unloading difficulties, cargo damage, and equipment malfunctions caused by freezing temperatures, achieving systematic low-temperature protection from infrastructure to transported goods.

[0003] Traditional antifreeze varies significantly in composition and performance requirements depending on the application scenario. Currently, most common antifreezes use ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as a base and commonly add salts such as borates, phosphates, nitrites, nitrates, and chlorides to enhance performance. For example, the antifreeze described in patent CN113736433A consists of propylene glycol, phosphates, and pH adjusters. The antifreeze described in patent CN112745807A consists of ethylene glycol, sodium nitrite, anhydrous calcium chloride, and hexametaphosphate. Patent CN111423850A uses sodium nitrite, anhydrous calcium chloride, and sodium hexametaphosphate. While traditional antifreeze is highly effective in lowering the freezing point, its commonly used chemical components can cause various hazards during use. Substances such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and nitrates in antifreeze are not only directly toxic to plants and animals, but can also enter water bodies and soil through surface runoff or infiltration, causing harm. Simultaneously, chloride ions and other components in antifreeze are corrosive to metal materials, accelerating facility aging, shortening service life, and increasing structural safety hazards and maintenance costs. Furthermore, various salt additives in antifreeze seep into the soil, leading to soil salinization, inhibiting plant root absorption of water and nutrients, causing vegetation along the route to gradually wither, and long-term accumulation will further threaten soil microbial communities and the ecological environment.

[0004] In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the market demand for green, safe, and harmless antifreeze has been growing. However, there is still a lack of multifunctional composite antifreeze products on the market that can simultaneously meet the dual functions of bulk cargo transportation and road infrastructure de-icing and antifreeze, while also being environmentally friendly, non-toxic, easy to store and transport, and not affecting or even benefiting plant growth after use. Existing technical solutions often struggle to achieve an effective balance between antifreeze performance, environmental friendliness, ecological safety, and multifunctional applicability.

[0005] Therefore, developing a multifunctional antifreeze agent that is widely applicable, environmentally friendly, safe and harmless, and has potential ecological benefits is not only important for effectively protecting cargo transportation and extending the service life of infrastructure, but also for reducing environmental pollution and promoting ecological sustainability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, its preparation method, and its application, thereby solving the technical problems of existing antifreeze agents having limited application scope, being corrosive to metal facilities, and causing harm to animals, plants, and the ecological environment due to the presence of toxic and harmful substances.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, by weight percentage, comprises 40%~50% potassium acetate, 18%~26% urea, 22%~30% antifreeze, 5%~10% stabilizer, and 1%~3% corrosion inhibitor.

[0008] Preferably, by weight percentage, it includes 41.8% to 48.3% potassium acetate, 18.5% to 26% urea, 22% to 28.8% antifreeze, 5.3% to 9.4% stabilizer, and 1.2% to 3% corrosion inhibitor.

[0009] Preferably, by weight percentage, it comprises 43% potassium acetate, 24% urea, 25% antifreeze, 6% stabilizer, and 2% corrosion inhibitor.

[0010] Preferably, the antifreeze includes at least one of sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, and potassium carbonate.

[0011] Preferably, the stabilizer includes at least one of mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol.

[0012] Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0013] Preferably, the antifreeze is calcium formate; the stabilizer is mannitol and sorbitol; and the corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole.

[0014] The above-mentioned method for preparing an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent involves mixing 40%~50% potassium acetate, 18%~26% urea, 22%~30% antifreeze, 5%~10% stabilizer, and 1%~3% corrosion inhibitor at room temperature by weight percentage to obtain the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0015] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is used in road de-icing and antifreeze processes. In the process of application, the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is added to water, mixed evenly, and sprayed onto the area to be used.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent to water is 1:(1-2).

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention discloses an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent. This environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent effectively solves many problems existing in current antifreeze technologies. Addressing the issue of limited application range, this antifreeze agent uses potassium acetate and urea as freezing point lowering agents, in conjunction with sodium formate and other antifreeze agents, significantly broadening its applicable temperature range. It is not only suitable for antifreeze in coal and ore transportation, but also for de-icing and antifreeze in highways, internal combustion engine cooling, industrial circulating water, and other fields requiring both antifreeze and corrosion protection, thus having a wide range of applications. Regarding the corrosion problem of metal facilities, the organic acid salts in the formula dissolve and form a dense protective film on the metal surface, physically isolating and inhibiting corrosion. Furthermore, the composite corrosion inhibitor can form a uniform protective film on various substrate surfaces, providing long-term stable protection. Simultaneously, the multi-element stabilizers reduce the impact of corrosive components and chelate metal ions to enhance the protective film effect, effectively reducing the corrosivity to metal facilities. In terms of environmental protection, this antifreeze does not contain harmful substances such as nitrites. Potassium acetate can be decomposed by microorganisms into harmless carbon dioxide and water, and will not remain in the environment for a long time. It has minimal impact on soil structure and ecological balance; even a small leak will not cause serious pollution to soil or water sources. Furthermore, the potassium and nitrogen elements in its components can provide nutrients for plant growth, reflecting its green and sustainable characteristics. In addition, this antifreeze is prepared and supplied in solid form, reducing storage and transportation costs and avoiding the problems of easy leakage associated with liquid products. Its use is simple and quick, further enhancing its practicality and environmental friendliness.

[0018] Furthermore, the antifreeze includes at least one of sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, and potassium carbonate. Sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, and potassium carbonate each possess unique low-temperature properties. As antifreeze components, they work synergistically to significantly broaden the applicable temperature range of environmentally friendly solid de-icing antifreeze. In addition, the combination of multiple antifreeze components can complement each other, reducing the impact of performance fluctuations of individual components on the overall antifreeze effect. Different components may exhibit different activities in different temperature ranges and environments; their combination enables the antifreeze to maintain relatively stable antifreeze performance under various conditions, improving product reliability and stability.

[0019] Furthermore, the stabilizer includes at least one selected from mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol. Mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol, among other stabilizers, possess excellent antioxidant and hydrolysis resistance properties. During the storage and use of environmentally friendly solid de-icing antifreeze, these stabilizers effectively inhibit oxidation and hydrolysis reactions between components, preventing problems such as component deterioration and performance degradation caused by these reactions, thereby extending the product's shelf life and ensuring that the product maintains good performance during use. Simultaneously, these stabilizers can improve the compatibility between the antifreeze components, reducing precipitation and stratification that may occur during storage and use. This ensures that the antifreeze maintains a uniform mixing state under various conditions, allowing each component to fully exert its synergistic effect and improving the overall performance stability and effectiveness of the product.

[0020] Furthermore, the corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. These substances can form a uniform and dense protective film on various substrates such as metals, concrete, and asphalt. This protective film physically isolates the corrosive components in the antifreeze from direct contact with the substrate, effectively inhibiting corrosion reactions and providing long-term, stable corrosion protection for various facilities, reducing damage and safety hazards caused by corrosion. The protective film formed by these corrosion inhibitors has good adhesion and stability, maintaining its protective effect on the substrate for a considerable period.

[0021] Meanwhile, this invention also discloses a method for preparing an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent. According to mass percentages, 40%–50% potassium acetate, 18%–26% urea, 22%–30% antifreeze, 5%–10% stabilizer, and 1%–3% corrosion inhibitor are mixed uniformly at room temperature to obtain the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent. This invention performs mixing at room temperature, eliminating the need for complex heating or cooling equipment, thus reducing energy consumption and equipment costs during the preparation process. It also simplifies the operation process, improves production efficiency, and makes large-scale production easier to achieve.

[0022] Furthermore, this invention also discloses the application of the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent in road de-icing and antifreeze treatment. In the application process, the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is added to water, mixed evenly, and then sprayed onto the area to be treated. By dissolving the solid antifreeze agent in water before spraying, the concentration and dosage of the solution can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. For areas with different ice thicknesses and areas, the use of antifreeze can be precisely controlled, avoiding waste and improving efficiency.

[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent to water is 1:(1-2). This ratio allows the prepared solution to achieve an optimal balance in terms of freezing point reduction effect, viscosity, and fluidity. Within this ratio range, the solution can effectively lower the freezing point while maintaining good fluidity, facilitating spraying operations and ensuring better adhesion to surfaces such as roads for long-lasting de-icing and antifreeze protection. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a sample image of the environmentally friendly solid antifreeze agent of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a sample image of the environmentally friendly solid antifreeze of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relative snow melting and ice-melting capabilities at different temperatures in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims are explained and defined in general below. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0027] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether right or wrong, should not in any way limit the scope of the invention, that is, the contents of the invention can be implemented without being limited by any particular theory or mechanism.

[0028] In this document, all features defined by numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as numerical values, quantities, contents, and concentrations, are for the sake of brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, descriptions of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered as covering and specifically disclosing all possible sub-ranges and individual numerical values ​​(including integers and fractions) within those ranges.

[0029] In this article, unless otherwise specified, “contains,” “includes,” “containing,” “has,” or similar terms cover the meanings of “composed of” and “mainly composed of,” for example, “A contains a” covers the meanings of “A contains a and others” and “A contains only a.”

[0030] For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment are described herein. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the technical features in each implementation scheme or embodiment can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0031] This invention provides an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, which, by mass percentage, comprises 40%~50% potassium acetate, 18%~26% urea, 22%~30% antifreeze, 5%~10% stabilizer, and 1%~3% corrosion inhibitor.

[0032] Preferably, by weight percentage, it includes 41.8% to 48.3% potassium acetate, 18.5% to 26% urea, 22% to 28.8% antifreeze, 5.3% to 9.4% stabilizer, and 1.2% to 3% corrosion inhibitor.

[0033] More preferably, by weight percentage, it includes 43% potassium acetate, 24% urea, 25% antifreeze, 6% stabilizer and 2% corrosion inhibitor.

[0034] The antifreeze includes at least one of sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, and potassium carbonate.

[0035] The stabilizer includes at least one of mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol.

[0036] The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0037] Preferably, the antifreeze is calcium formate; the stabilizer is mannitol and sorbitol; and the corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole.

[0038] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, specifically, by mass percentage, 40%~50% potassium acetate, 18%~26% urea, 22%~30% antifreeze agent, 5%~10% stabilizer and 1%~3% corrosion inhibitor are mixed evenly at room temperature to obtain the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0039] This invention also discloses the application of the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent in road de-icing and antifreeze treatment. In application, the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is added to water, mixed evenly, and then sprayed onto the area to be treated. Specifically, the mass ratio of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent to water is 1:(1-2).

[0040] The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this invention has been tested according to the requirements of the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agent" and the national railway industry standard TB / T 3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agent for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation". Its relative snow melting and de-icing capacity is 92.7%-94.3%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement is 7.1%-10.8%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement is 3.2%-5.9%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:(1-2), and its performance was tested. The pH was 6.7-8.1, the freezing point was ≤-50℃, the flash point was >120℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel ≤0.03mm / a, copper ≤0.03mm / a, aluminum ≤0.03mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was >15000mg / kg. Therefore, this antifreeze exhibits excellent antifreeze properties, contains no harmful components, and demonstrates superior environmental performance. Furthermore, this antifreeze boasts advantages such as mild and simple preparation processes, easy control, and scalability.

[0041] The "relative snow-melting and ice-de-thawing ability" described in this invention refers to the efficiency or ability of the antifreeze agent to melt snow and ice compared to a standard reference (such as sodium chloride de-icing agent) under the same conditions (such as temperature, time, and area of ​​action). It is usually expressed as a percentage, reflecting the relative strength of its snow-melting and ice-de-thawing effect.

[0042] The "wet substrate road surface friction attenuation rate" mentioned in this invention refers to the percentage decrease in the road surface friction coefficient compared to a dry road surface after the antifreeze solution is sprayed onto a wet road surface. The wet substrate condition simulates a scenario where a thin water film exists on the road surface in actual use.

[0043] The "semi-wet road surface friction attenuation rate" mentioned in this invention refers to the percentage decrease in the road surface friction coefficient after the antifreeze solution is sprayed onto a semi-wet road surface (where the water film thickness is between wet and dry). The semi-wet condition more closely resembles the intermittent precipitation or snowmelt residue scenarios commonly encountered in actual road use, reflecting the safety of the antifreeze in complex humidity environments.

[0044] In this invention, "freezing point" refers to the temperature at which the antifreeze solution begins to freeze, that is, the critical point at which the solution changes from a liquid to a solid state. The lower the freezing point, the more extreme the low-temperature environment the antifreeze can maintain its liquid state, effectively preventing pipes, equipment, or roads from freezing.

[0045] In this invention, "flash point" refers to the lowest temperature at which an antifreeze solution, when heated under specified conditions, releases enough flammable gas to form a mixture with air, and then instantly ignites upon contact with an ignition source. A higher flash point indicates that the antifreeze is less likely to cause a fire or explosion during storage, transportation, and use, making it particularly suitable for high-temperature environments or scenarios near ignition sources.

[0046] The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this invention has a metal corrosion resistance of ≤0.03mm / a for steel, ≤0.03mm / a for copper, and ≤0.03mm / a for aluminum. Here, “mm / a” represents the thickness loss of the material due to corrosion in each year (a), in millimeters (mm).

[0047] Its toxicity data are as follows: oral LD50 in rats > 15000 mg / kg, where "LD50" refers to the minimum dose required to cause the death of 50% of individuals in a group of experimental animals (e.g., rats) under specific experimental conditions (such as a fixed route of administration and observation time). The lower the value, the stronger the toxicity, and vice versa. "Oral" indicates administration via oral ingestion, simulating the toxic reaction after accidental ingestion or contact in humans.

[0048] This invention discloses an environmentally friendly solid antifreeze agent, which uses potassium acetate, an antifreeze agent, and urea as freezing point lowering agents. These components dissociate in water to produce a large number of ions such as potassium ions, acetate ions, and ammonium ions, thereby effectively lowering the freezing point. Furthermore, the dissolved organic acid salts can form a dense protective film on the metal surface, inhibiting corrosion of the metal through physical isolation. The potassium acetate used has good degradability and environmental compatibility, and can be decomposed by microorganisms in the natural environment into acetate ions and potassium ions. Acetate ions can serve as a substrate for microbial metabolism, further degrading into carbon dioxide and water, with the final products being harmless to the environment. Unlike difficult-to-degrade chemicals, this material does not remain in the environment for a long time, thus having minimal impact on soil structure and ecological balance. Simultaneously, by utilizing the synergistic effect of antifreeze agents such as sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, or potassium carbonate with urea, the applicable temperature range of the antifreeze agent can be significantly broadened, maintaining high-efficiency antifreeze performance at extremely low temperatures. The antifreeze agent involved in this invention is used in small quantities during preparation and is almost non-toxic, posing minimal biological harm to humans and the environment. Even in the event of minor leaks during use, it will not cause serious pollution to soil or water sources, resulting in a relatively small impact on the ecological environment. Specifically, the composite corrosion inhibitors used in the formulation, including benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, can form a uniform and dense protective film on various substrates such as metals, concrete, and asphalt, providing long-term stable corrosion protection. Simultaneously, the addition of multi-element stabilizers such as mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, or pentaerythritol effectively inhibits oxidation, hydrolysis, and precipitation of components during storage and use, thereby ensuring the durability and reliability of the product performance. Furthermore, the stabilizer can reduce the impact of small amounts of corrosive components and further enhance the protective film effect by chelating metal ions.

[0049] The formula used in this invention is environmentally friendly, free of substances such as nitrites, phosphates, and halogen salts that are harmful and corrosive to the ecological environment and metals. It is highly safe for soil, water, and plants and animals. Furthermore, the potassium, nitrogen, and other elements contained in its components can provide necessary nutrients for plant growth under reasonable use conditions, demonstrating the characteristics of a green and sustainable product.

[0050] Meanwhile, another important aspect of this invention is that the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is prepared and provided in solid form, which greatly reduces storage and transportation costs and avoids problems such as easy leakage and high packaging requirements associated with liquid products. In use, it can be applied in solid form or diluted with water in a specific ratio to form an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid for spraying, making the operation simple and quick.

[0051] Another inventive aspect of this invention lies in its wide applicability. This antifreeze is not only suitable for antifreeze treatment during the transportation of bulk goods such as coal and ore, but can also be widely used in winter de-icing and antifreeze operations for public infrastructure such as highways. It is also suitable for various internal combustion engine cooling systems, industrial circulating water systems, and other fields that have dual requirements for antifreeze and corrosion prevention, and has excellent market promotion potential.

[0052] The de-icing and antifreeze agent of this invention contains no harmful components such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or nitrites. It is an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, and its performance meets the requirements of the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agent" and the national railway industry standard TB / T 3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agent for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation". It ensures effective de-icing and antifreeze performance, has low corrosivity to metal materials, and has no adverse effects on workers or the environment. While maintaining a low frictional decay rate and a low freezing point, this antifreeze agent also possesses good thermal and chemical stability. Its pH value is neutral to weakly alkaline, and its corrosion rate on common metal materials such as steel, copper, and aluminum is less than 0.03 mm / a. It is non-toxic, odorless, and has high biocompatibility. Its overall performance meets relevant national industry standards and environmental protection requirements, demonstrating good practicality and reliability.

[0053] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0054] The following examples use instruments and equipment conventional in the art. Experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer. All raw materials used in the following examples are conventional commercially available products with specifications conventional in the art. In this specification and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" refers to weight percentage, "parts" refers to parts by weight, and "ratio" refers to weight proportion.

[0055] Example 1 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 42% potassium acetate, 26% urea, 25% sodium formate as an antifreeze, 5% mannitol as a stabilizer, and 2% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a corrosion inhibitor.

[0056] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0057] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and de-icing capacity was 93.5%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 8.3%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 5.1%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7.1, the freezing point was -51℃, the flash point was 121℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.03 mm / a, copper = 0.03 mm / a, aluminum = 0.02 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15400 mg / kg.

[0058] Example 2 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 45% potassium acetate, 18% urea, 27% antifreeze calcium formate and potassium carbonate, 8% stabilizer sorbitol and 2% corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole.

[0059] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and then mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0060] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and de-icing capacity was 92.9%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 9.3%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 3.6%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 6.9, freezing point was -53℃, flash point was 123℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.03 mm / a, copper = 0.03 mm / a, aluminum = 0.03 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15600 mg / kg.

[0061] Example 3 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 41% potassium acetate, 21% urea, 30% antifreeze sodium propionate and potassium carbonate, 7% stabilizers mannitol and glycerol, and 1% corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole.

[0062] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0063] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and ice-melting capacity was 92.7%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 7.7%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 4.1%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.1 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7.7, the freezing point was -50℃, the flash point was 122℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.02 mm / a, copper = 0.03 mm / a, aluminum = 0.02 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15200 mg / kg.

[0064] Example 4 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 48% potassium acetate, 20% urea, 23% calcium formate as an antifreeze, 6% pentaerythritol as a stabilizer, and 3% methylbenzotriazole as a corrosion inhibitor.

[0065] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0066] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents" and found to have a relative snow melting and de-icing capacity of 92.9%, a friction attenuation rate of 10.8% for wet pavement, and a friction attenuation rate of 3.8% for semi-wet pavement. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation", the pH was tested to be 7.9, freezing point was -55℃, flash point was 126℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.02 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.03 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15800 mg / kg.

[0067] Example 5 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 50% potassium acetate, 20% urea, 22% calcium formate as an antifreeze agent, 7% mannitol and pentaerythritol as stabilizers, and 1% sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a corrosion inhibitor.

[0068] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0069] The obtained environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and de-icing capacity was 94.3%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 9.5%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 5.9%. Subsequently, this environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:2 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T 3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7.7, the freezing point was -52℃, the flash point was 121℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.02 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.02 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15400 mg / kg.

[0070] Example 6 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 44% potassium acetate, 21% urea, 24% antifreeze sodium propionate and potassium carbonate, 9% stabilizer glycerol, and 2% corrosion inhibitor sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and methylbenzotriazole.

[0071] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0072] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents" and found to have a relative snow melting and ice-melting capacity of 93%, a friction attenuation rate of 7.1% on wet pavement, and a friction attenuation rate of 4.9% on semi-wet pavement. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.8 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T 3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation", the pH was found to be 8.1, freezing point was -53℃, flash point was 122℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.03 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.02 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15300 mg / kg.

[0073] Example 7 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 40% potassium acetate, 25% urea, 26% antifreeze potassium carbonate, 7% stabilizer sorbitol, and 2% corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole.

[0074] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0075] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and ice-melting capacity was 94.2%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 8.8%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 5.4%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a 1:1 mass ratio to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7, the freezing point was -51℃, the flash point was 127℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.03 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.02 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15900 mg / kg.

[0076] Example 8 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 43% potassium acetate, 20% urea, 25% sodium formate, calcium formate and potassium carbonate as antifreeze, 10% mannitol as stabilizer and 2% benzotriazole as corrosion inhibitor.

[0077] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0078] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and ice-melting capacity was 93.7%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 8.9%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 3.2%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7.6, the freezing point was -53℃, the flash point was 124℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.02 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.03 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15500 mg / kg.

[0079] Example 9 The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent of this embodiment includes the following components in the indicated mass fractions: 43% potassium acetate, 24% urea, 25% calcium formate as an antifreeze agent, 6% mannitol and sorbitol as stabilizers, and 2% benzotriazole as a corrosion inhibitor.

[0080] The preparation method of the de-icing and antifreeze agent in this embodiment is as follows: weigh each component according to the mass fraction, and finally mix the components evenly to obtain an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent.

[0081] The obtained green and environmentally friendly de-icing and antifreeze agent was tested according to the national standard GB / T 23851-2017 "Snow Melting Agents," and its relative snow melting and ice-melting capacity was 94.3%, the friction attenuation rate on wet pavement was 10.7%, and the friction attenuation rate on semi-wet pavement was 5.5%. Subsequently, the solid de-icing and antifreeze agent was mixed with water at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 to prepare an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze liquid. The prepared de-icing and antifreeze liquid was colorless and had no obvious irritating odor. According to the national railway industry standard TB / T3208-2023 "Antifreeze Agents for Railway Bulk Particle Cargo Transportation," the pH was tested to be 7.6, the freezing point was -55℃, the flash point was 123℃, and its metal corrosivity was measured as follows: steel = 0.01 mm / a, copper = 0.02 mm / a, aluminum = 0.03 mm / a, and the oral LD50 for rats was 15500 mg / kg.

[0082] Figure 1 This is a sample image of the environmentally friendly solid antifreeze of the present invention. As can be seen from the image, the solid antifreeze appears as a white granular substance. This solid form has many advantages, such as ease of storage and transportation. Compared to liquid products, the solid form can reduce the safety risks and packaging costs associated with liquid leakage. Furthermore, the white granular appearance also suggests that its composition may be relatively pure, free of excessive impurities or colored substances.

[0083] Figure 2 This is a sample image of the environmentally friendly solid antifreeze of the present invention. The image shows that the antifreeze is a transparent liquid, indicating that the solid antifreeze can dissolve or disperse well in water, forming a relatively homogeneous solution system. After dissolution, the system does not contain obvious insoluble matter or precipitate, indicating that each component has a certain degree of compatibility and solubility in water, and can exist in a relatively stable state. This ensures that it can play a uniform role during application, such as uniformly covering the road surface during road de-icing and antifreeze, achieving a good de-icing and antifreeze effect.

[0084] Figure 3 The graph shows the relative snow-melting and ice-de-icing capacity at different temperatures in Example 1 of this invention. As can be seen from the graph, the antifreeze exhibits high relative snow-melting and ice-de-icing capacity at various temperatures. At -10°C, the relative snow-melting and ice-de-icing capacity reaches 93.5%; at -15°C, it is 90.2%; and even at a lower temperature of -20°C, it still maintains 85.7% relative snow-melting and ice-de-icing capacity. This fully demonstrates that this environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent can effectively perform snow-melting and ice-de-icing functions over a wide temperature range, exhibiting good low-temperature applicability and stability, and can meet the de-icing and antifreeze needs in different low-temperature environments.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it includes 40%–50% potassium acetate, 18%–26% urea, 22%–30% antifreeze, 5%–10% stabilizer, and 1%–3% corrosion inhibitor.

2. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it includes 41.8% to 48.3% potassium acetate, 18.5% to 26% urea, 22% to 28.8% antifreeze, 5.3% to 9.4% stabilizer, and 1.2% to 3% corrosion inhibitor.

3. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight percentage, it includes 43% potassium acetate, 24% urea, 25% antifreeze, 6% stabilizer, and 2% corrosion inhibitor.

4. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antifreeze includes at least one of sodium formate, calcium formate, sodium propionate, and potassium carbonate.

5. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stabilizer includes at least one of mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol, and pentaerythritol.

6. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion inhibitor includes at least one of benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

7. The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antifreeze is calcium formate; the stabilizer is mannitol and sorbitol; and the corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole.

8. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is prepared by mixing 40%~50% potassium acetate, 18%~26% urea, 22%~30% antifreeze, 5%~10% stabilizer and 1%~3% corrosion inhibitor at room temperature according to the mass percentage.

9. The application of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in road de-icing and antifreeze, characterized in that, During application, the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent is added to water, mixed evenly, and sprayed onto the area to be used.

10. The application of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent according to claim 9 in road de-icing and antifreeze, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the environmentally friendly solid de-icing and antifreeze agent to water is 1:(1-2).

Images