Glass ceramic extreme-pressure-resistant and wear-resistant fully-synthetic cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a glass-ceramic extreme-pressure-resistant wear-resistant fully-synthetic cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of glass-ceramic surface treatment. The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant water-based antirust agent which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 2-5% of tribasic acid, 2-5% of boric acid, 25-30% of organic amine, 1-2% of an extreme pressure lubricant, 15-20% of polyhydric alcohol, 1-2% of a spectral bactericide and 1-3% of a settling agent. The pH is 9 + / -1; tribasic acid, boric acid and organic amine are subjected to a synthetic reaction, and a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylate and polyethanolamine borate is obtained. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure-resistant and wear-resistant total synthesis cutting fluid has the effects of extreme pressure resistance, grinding resistance, high lubrication, rapid cooling and the like, and has an excellent auxiliary effect on microcrystalline glass CNC (Computer Numerical Control) processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microcrystalline glass surface processing technology, and more specifically, to a microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Microcrystalline glass, also known as glass-ceramic, is a polycrystalline solid-phase material containing a glassy matrix, produced by controlled nucleation and crystallization of base glasses with specific compositions at certain temperatures. Microcrystalline glass combines the light transmission of glass with the durability of ceramics, boasting a hardness exceeding that of steel and a temperature resistance of up to 900℃, making it widely used in construction, aerospace, and 5G communications. Despite its high hardness, the Mohs hardness (5-6) of microcrystalline glass is lower than that of polished tiles (6-7), and it is relatively brittle, easily scratched or cracked by external impacts. Furthermore, some sheets may have incompletely expelled internal air bubbles, which can be exposed when ground too deeply, affecting the aesthetics.

[0003] The following challenges exist in the application of microcrystalline glass surface treatment technology: 1. Due to the high hardness (Mohs 5-6), good wear resistance, and high compressive and bending strength of microcrystalline glass, external impacts can easily cause scratches or cracks, thus requiring high performance in terms of extreme pressure resistance and wear resistance of the cutting fluid; 2. Due to the basic properties of microcrystalline glass, it is prone to problems such as high edge chipping rate during CNC machining, and the cutting life of the grinding wheel is significantly shorter than that of conventional glass; 3. CNC machining of microcrystalline glass requires higher precision, yield, and speed, and its high hardness, easy edge chipping, and susceptibility to microcracks place extremely high demands on the performance of the cutting fluid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a fully synthetic cutting fluid for microcrystalline glass with extreme pressure resistance and wear resistance, and its preparation method. The fluid is prepared by reacting tribasic acid, boric acid and organic amine in a certain mass ratio to produce triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester as a rust-preventive, high-lubrication and fast heat dissipation system. DX extreme pressure lubricant and polyol are used for synergistic lubrication and cooling. The microcrystalline glass is then machined in a low-alkaline environment with a pH of 9±1.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A microcrystalline glass-like extreme pressure and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid, by weight percentage, comprises: 2%-5% tribasic acid, 2%-5% boric acid, 25%-30% organic amine, 1%-2% extreme pressure lubricant, 15%-20% polyol, 1%-2% bactericide, 1%-3% flocculant, and water as balance; pH is 9±1; wherein, the tribasic acid, boric acid, and organic amine undergo an amide esterification reaction to form a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester, and the reaction equation for the amide esterification reaction is as follows:

[0007]

[0008] Furthermore, the tricarboxylic acid is 485 tricarboxylic acid rust inhibitor.

[0009] Furthermore, the organic amine includes any one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

[0010] Furthermore, the extreme pressure lubricant is DX extreme pressure lubricant (Dexu New Materials (Guangzhou) Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0011] Furthermore, the polyol includes at least one selected from glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and PEG.

[0012] There are no restrictions on the specific type of PEG; for example, it can be PEG-400 or PEG-200.

[0013] Furthermore, the bactericide includes at least one of the broad-spectrum bactericides MBM and Kathon.

[0014] Furthermore, the settling agent includes at least one of alum, Dexu DX-4, and Dexu DX-6.

[0015] Furthermore, the pH of the microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid is 9±1.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Add tricarboxylic acid and boric acid, along with an organic amine, to water and heat and stir until the mixture becomes colorless and transparent. Continue stirring to obtain a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester. Add polyol, extreme pressure lubricant DX, bactericide, and flocculant in sequence, stirring until the mixture is homogeneous and fully dissolved, causing the system to change from colorless to a pale yellow transparent liquid.

[0018] Preferably, the heating temperature is 50-60°C.

[0019] In this invention, tricarboxylic acid, boric acid, and organic amines are chemically synthesized to form a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester. This mixture provides excellent solubilization and dispersion, ensuring a stable working state for the cutting fluid and effectively enhancing its rust and corrosion prevention functions. It also improves lubrication in glass processing, reduces friction, and, when combined with extreme pressure lubricants and polyols, creates an extreme pressure, lubrication, and cooling system that extends the lifespan of machining tools and improves machining accuracy. The pH of the microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid is 9±1. A bactericide acts as a bactericidal and protective agent for the cutting fluid, inhibiting mold growth and deterioration due to prolonged use. A flocculant quickly separates the glass powder cut during CNC machining from the two phases of the working fluid (cutting fluid-glass powder), thereby extending the cutting fluid's lifespan in CNC machining and reducing scratches, chipping, and other defects caused by glass powder in subsequent glass processing, thus improving the product quality of the cutting fluid.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. Compared with the existing triethanolamine borate, triethanolamine and glycerol system, triethanolamine carboxylate and polyethanolamine borate mixture, and extreme pressure lubricant and polyol extreme pressure, lubrication and cooling system, the microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid of the present invention has better extreme pressure resistance and wear resistance, faster cooling speed, and can effectively extend the service life of CNC equipment grinding heads and improve the machining efficiency and yield of microcrystalline glass.

[0022] 2. This invention uses readily biodegradable raw materials, which are gentle on the environment and do not cause environmental pollution.

[0023] 3. In a low-alkalinity environment, this invention has better extreme pressure resistance and wear resistance, and faster cooling speed, which can effectively extend the service life of CNC equipment grinding heads and improve the machining efficiency and yield of microcrystalline glass.

[0024] 4. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid of the present invention is friendly to microcrystalline glass and CNC equipment, does not corrode or damage the surface of microcrystalline glass and CNC equipment, and will not cause rusting of CNC equipment under long-term operation; it is more suitable for ultra-high hardness microcrystalline glass. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The graph shows the results of the rust prevention test comparing Example 4 and Comparative Example 4. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many other ways than those described herein, and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, instruments, etc. involved in this invention are all commercially available products.

[0029] Table 1. Formulations of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0030]

[0031] Its preparation method is as follows:

[0032] Add tribasic acid, boric acid, and organic amine to water according to the formula in Table 1. Heat (50-60℃) and stir until fully reacted until colorless and transparent. Continue stirring and cool to room temperature. Then add polyol, DX extreme pressure lubricant, bactericide, and flocculant in sequence. Stir until uniform and fully dissolved and reacted. The system changes from colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid, which is the final product.

[0033] Comparative Example 5

[0034] According to the formulation of Example 1 in Table 1, tribasic acid, boric acid, organic amine, polyol, DX extreme pressure lubricant, bactericide, and flocculant are added to water in sequence, and stirred at room temperature until fully dissolved to obtain the final product.

[0035] The cutting fluids prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests. The methods are as follows:

[0036] pH value detection: Data is detected using a digital pH meter.

[0037] Microcrystalline glass CNC machining test: CNC machining test was conducted using Siemens 828D.

[0038] Settling effect comparison test: The settling time of 2g of glass powder was compared by using a graduated sealed cylinder to conduct relevant experimental tests. 50 ml of 10% concentration cutting fluid was used to compare the settling time of 2g of glass powder.

[0039] Rust prevention test: Through blank control experiments, as well as examples and comparative cases, the cast iron sheets were placed in the air for a long time and the rusting was continuously observed to determine the rust prevention ability of the cutting fluid on the iron sheets.

[0040] Foam height test: 20 ml of 10% cutting fluid was placed in a 100 ml graduated test tube with a glass cap. The foam height and defoaming time were measured.

[0041] Cutting fluid stacking experiment test:

[0042] a. Place the cutting fluid box on the experimental platform and add an appropriate amount of cutting fluid sample.

[0043] b. Place a glass rod in the cutting fluid and pull it upwards. Stop pulling when the glass rod detaches from the cutting fluid.

[0044] c. Observe the wetting of the cutting fluid on the glass rod (test the size of the water droplet angle on the glass rod surface), lubrication performance and cooling effect.

[0045] The testing standards are shown in Table 2.

[0046] Table 2 Test Standards

[0047]

[0048] The experimental results of CNC machining of microcrystalline glass are shown in Table 3.

[0049] Table 3 CNC machining test results

[0050]

[0051] The effects of the fully synthetic cutting fluid from Example 4 on CNC machining of glass from other raw materials were compared, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0052] Table 4 Comparison of CNC machining effects on different types of glass in Example 4

[0053]

[0054] Settlement effects were compared between Examples 4 and 5 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0055] Table 5 Comparison of Settlement Effects

[0056]

[0057] A comparative experiment on rust prevention using (pig iron sheets) was conducted on the cutting fluids prepared in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4. The results are as follows: Figure 1As shown, in the blank experiment of immersion in pure water, obvious rusting appeared after 2 hours. In the comparative rust prevention experiment of immersion in the cutting fluid prepared in Example 4 with a concentration of 5%, no rusting appeared on the cast iron parts after 30 days of continuous observation, which achieved a good rust prevention effect. However, in the comparative rust prevention experiment of immersion in the cutting fluid prepared in Comparative Example 4 with a concentration of 5%, slight rusting appeared after 15 days after 30 days of continuous observation.

[0058] For Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, foam height was tested. 20 ml of 10 wt% cutting fluid was placed in a 100 ml graduated test tube, and the foam height was measured and the defoaming time was recorded. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0059] Table 6 Defoaming performance of Example 4

[0060]

[0061] The cutting fluid stacking experiments were conducted on the examples and comparative examples, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0062] Table 7 Results of cutting fluid stacking experiment

[0063]

[0064] Results Analysis: Analysis of Table 3 shows that Example 4 represents the optimal synthesis formula, with a defect rate of 0.2% in the CNC machining test of the microcrystalline glass. Analysis of Table 5 shows that the settling speed of the example is faster than that of the comparative example. Table 6 shows that the foam height test data for Example 4 is superior to the blank control data, indicating no foam. Rust prevention performance testing... Figure 1The rust prevention test of Example 4 was compared with that of Comparative Example 4. The rust prevention performance of Example 4 was better than that of Comparative Example 4, and the haze of 0.15 was consistent with the data of white glass. Comparative Example 4 was a single triethanolamine replacing the mixture of monoethanolamine and triethanolamine. After the reaction, the effects of triethanolamine borate and polyethanolamine borate were compared. The changes in various data showed that the defect rate of microcrystalline glass CNC machining increased significantly. The data comparison in the glass stacking experiment showed that the water droplet angle was significantly larger and the surface temperature of the glass rod was significantly higher than that of Example 4. The test data of multi-material glass CNC machining of Example 4 are shown in Table 4. The CNC machining effect can meet the requirements and the defects are few, all ≤1%. Analysis of comparative experimental data shows that the formulation used in this invention is as follows: 2%-5% tribasic acid, 2%-5% boric acid, 25%-30% organic amine, 1%-2% extreme pressure lubricant, 15%-20% polyol, 1%-2% broad-spectrum bactericide, 1%-3% flocculant, and the remainder water; the pH is 9±1, which is the optimal formulation direction. The heating synthesis of a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester provides a good solubilizing and dispersing effect, ensuring a stable working state for the cutting fluid. This effectively enhances the rust and corrosion prevention functions of the cutting fluid, while also improving lubrication in glass processing and reducing friction. The combined extreme pressure lubricant and polyol extreme pressure, lubrication, and cooling system extends the service life of machining tools and improves machining accuracy. It provides excellent extreme pressure and wear resistance in glass CNC machining, effectively addressing the extreme pressure, wear resistance, and rapid cooling effects in CNC machining of the hard surfaces of microcrystalline glass. This allows for prolonged CNC machining operations, extending the service life of machining tools and grinding heads, and reducing the defect rate in microcrystalline glass CNC machining.

[0065] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid, characterized in that, By weight percentage, its raw material components include: 2%-5% tribasic acid, 2%-5% boric acid, 25%-30% organic amine, 1%-2% extreme pressure lubricant, 15%-20% polyol, 1%-2% broad-spectrum bactericide, 1%-3% flocculant, water balance, and pH 9±1; the tribasic acid, boric acid and organic amine undergo an amide esterification reaction to obtain a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester.

2. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tricarboxylic acid is 485 tricarboxylic acid rust inhibitor.

3. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic amine is any one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine.

4. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyol is any one or more of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and PEG.

5. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extreme pressure lubricant is DX extreme pressure lubricant.

6. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bactericide is any one or more of the broad-spectrum bactericides MBM and Kathon.

7. The microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settling agent is any one or more of alum, Dexu DX-4 settling agent, and Dexu DX-6 settling agent.

8. The method for preparing the microcrystalline glass extreme pressure resistant and wear-resistant fully synthetic cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: Add tricarboxylic acid, boric acid, and organic amine to water, heat to 55-60℃ and stir until fully reacted until colorless and transparent, to obtain a mixture of triethanolamine carboxylic acid ester and polyethanolamine borate ester; continue stirring, and add polyol, DX extreme pressure lubricant, bactericide, and flocculant in proportion, stirring evenly and fully dissolving and reacting, so that the system changes from colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid, which is the final product.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heating temperature is 50-60℃.

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