Functional antibacterial fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The functional antibacterial fabric comprises a base body layer and a functional layer, and the functional layer is attached to the surface of the base body layer through an impregnation technology; a base material of the base body layer is selected from one or a combination of more of natural fibers, artificial fibers or synthetic fibers and is formed by interweaving warp yarns and weft yarns; the functional layer comprises an impregnation liquid formed by mixing at least one antibacterial active component and a dispersion matrix, and the thickness of the functional layer is 5-10 microns. Compared with the prior art, the functional antibacterial fabric and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the functional antibacterial fabric is good in antibacterial effect, long in antibacterial life and not prone to falling off.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional textile materials technology, specifically to a functional antibacterial fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As people's requirements for health and hygiene continue to increase, the demand for antibacterial textiles is growing in medical, home, and everyday wear scenarios.

[0003] Currently, antibacterial fabrics on the market mainly rely on finishing processes to attach antibacterial agents to the fabric surface. This makes the antibacterial components easy to fall off during washing or friction, resulting in a rapid decline in antibacterial effect. At the same time, the functional layer has weak adhesion to the matrix, affecting the fabric's feel and durability. Furthermore, a single antibacterial mechanism is insufficient to combat multiple pathogenic microorganisms.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a functional antibacterial fabric with a reasonable structural design, excellent antibacterial properties, and high wash fastness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a functional antibacterial fabric with good antibacterial effect, long antibacterial life and not easy to fall off, and the preparation method thereof.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a functional antibacterial fabric, comprising a base layer and a functional layer, wherein the functional layer is attached to the surface of the base layer by an impregnation process; The substrate material is selected from one or more combinations of natural fibers, man-made fibers or synthetic fibers, including a mixture of warp and weft yarns; The functional layer comprises at least one antibacterial active ingredient and a dispersion matrix mixed to form an impregnation solution, wherein the thickness of the functional layer is 5~10μm.

[0007] Preferably, the warp yarn comprises a blended yarn of cotton fiber and silver fiber; The weft yarn comprises a composite fiber of polyester fiber and titanium dioxide coated with an antibacterial agent.

[0008] Preferably, the warp yarn is a blended yarn made of cotton fiber and silver fiber in a mass ratio of 70:30 to 90:10; The weft yarn is a composite fiber of polyester fiber and antibacterial titanium dioxide coated with a mass ratio of 60:40 to 85:15, twisted or blended together.

[0009] Preferably, the antibacterial active ingredient includes at least one of the following: silver nanoparticles, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, chitosan derivatives, triclosan, or plant-derived antibacterial extracts; The dispersion matrix is ​​one or more of waterborne polyurethane, acrylate emulsion, siloxane modified resin or polyvinyl alcohol, and its solid content is 5% to 20%.

[0010] Preferably, the average particle size of the silver nanoparticles is 10~50 nm, and the mass concentration in the impregnation solution is 0.05%~1.0%.

[0011] Preferably, in the antibacterial agent-coated titanium dioxide composite fiber: The antibacterial agent is chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, with a coating layer thickness of 5~20 nm and a coating rate of over 85%; Titanium dioxide is anatase type or modified titanium dioxide doped with metal ions, with a particle size of 20~100 nm.

[0012] Preferably, the functional antibacterial fabric has an inhibition rate of more than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

[0013] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a method for preparing a functional antibacterial fabric, comprising the following steps: S1: Configure warp and weft yarns according to the formula ratio; S2: Weave according to the set fabric structure to obtain the base layer; S3: Prepare the impregnation solution and add antibacterial active ingredients; S4: Place the matrix layer obtained in S2 in the impregnation solution and roll it using a two-dip two-roll process; S5: Pre-bake and bake the rolled substrate layer to cure it; S6: After baking, the fabric is softened or wrinkle-resistant, and after performance testing, a functional antibacterial fabric is obtained.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the antibacterial active ingredient, dispersion matrix, crosslinking agent and deionized water are mixed, stirred evenly and then ultrasonically dispersed for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a solid content of 5% to 20%.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, the immersion is carried out at a temperature of 25-40°C and a liquor ratio of 1:15-1:25 for 15-25 minutes. S5 includes pre-baking at 80~100℃ for 3~4 minutes, followed by baking at 130~150℃ for 2~3 minutes.

[0016] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention achieves the synergistic effect of a triple antibacterial mechanism of fiber bulk release, surface contact sterilization, and photocatalytic oxidation. It not only has an inhibition rate of more than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, but also has a broad antibacterial spectrum and is not prone to drug resistance. The functional layer forms a micro-nano anchoring bond structure with the matrix fiber through cross-linking and curing, which increases the durability of the product. It can be widely used in medical protection, infant clothing, home textiles and sportswear, and is easy to promote and use. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a functional antibacterial fabric includes the following steps: S1: Configure warp and weft yarns according to the formula ratio; S2: Weave according to the set fabric structure to obtain the base layer; S3: Prepare the impregnation solution and add antibacterial active ingredients; S4: Place the matrix layer obtained in S2 in the impregnation solution and roll it using a two-dip two-roll process; S5: Pre-bake and bake the rolled substrate layer to cure it; S6: After baking, the fabric is softened or wrinkle-resistant, and after performance testing, a functional antibacterial fabric is obtained.

[0020] In S3, antibacterial active ingredients, dispersion matrix, crosslinking agent and deionized water are mixed, stirred evenly and then ultrasonically dispersed for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a solid content of 5% to 20%. Soak in S4 at a temperature of 25-40℃ and a liquor ratio of 1:15-1:25 for 15-25 minutes; S5 includes pre-baking at 80~100℃ for 3~4 minutes, followed by baking at 130~150℃ for 2~3 minutes.

[0021] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the resulting functional antibacterial fabric includes a base layer and a functional layer. The functional layer is attached to the surface of the base layer by an impregnation process. The base material of the base layer is selected from one or more combinations of natural fibers, man-made fibers, or synthetic fibers, including warp and weft yarns interwoven together. The functional layer includes at least one antibacterial active ingredient and a dispersion matrix mixed to form an impregnation solution, wherein the thickness of the functional layer is 5~10μm.

[0022] In this invention, the warp yarn comprises a blended yarn of cotton fiber and silver fiber; the weft yarn comprises a composite fiber of polyester fiber and antibacterial titanium dioxide coated with an antibacterial agent. The warp yarn is a blended yarn made of cotton fiber and silver fiber in a mass ratio of 70:30 to 90:10; The weft yarn is a composite fiber of polyester fiber and antibacterial titanium dioxide coated with a mass ratio of 60:40 to 85:15, twisted or blended together.

[0023] Among them, the titanium dioxide composite fibers coated with antibacterial agents include: The antibacterial agent is chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, with a coating layer thickness of 5~20 nm and a coating rate of over 85%; Titanium dioxide is anatase type or modified titanium dioxide doped with metal ions, with a particle size of 20~100 nm.

[0024] For the functional layer, the antibacterial active ingredients include at least one of the following: silver nanoparticles, quaternary ammonium compounds, chitosan derivatives, triclosan, or plant-derived antibacterial extracts; The dispersion matrix is ​​one or more of waterborne polyurethane, acrylate emulsion, siloxane modified resin or polyvinyl alcohol, and its solid content is 5% to 20%.

[0025] In one embodiment: The average particle size of the silver nanoparticles is 10–50 nm, and their mass concentration in the impregnation solution is 0.05%–1.0%. When the fabric used in this application is applied, the functional antibacterial fabric has an inhibition rate of more than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

[0026] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] The working principle of this invention is as follows: On the one hand, the silver fibers in the matrix layer can slowly release Ag in a humid or sweaty environment. + Ions disrupt bacterial cell membranes and interfere with DNA replication, achieving sustained broad-spectrum sterilization. Simultaneously, the weft yarn utilizes modified titanium dioxide composite fibers coated with chitosan quaternary ammonium salt. The chitosan quaternary ammonium salt itself possesses a strong positive charge, allowing it to adsorb and penetrate the negatively charged bacterial cell walls. Furthermore, titanium dioxide (especially anatase type or modified TiO2 doped with metal ions such as Ag and Cu) can generate reactive oxygen species (such as ·OH and O2) under visible light or sunlight irradiation. - It further oxidizes and decomposes the organic components of bacteria. Even in low light or indoor environments, the coating of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt endows it with a certain non-light-dependent antibacterial ability, thus breaking through the limitation that traditional TiO2 is only effective under ultraviolet light.

[0028] On the other hand, the functional layer forms a cross-linked polymer film containing nano-silver, quaternary ammonium salt or other antibacterial active ingredients on the fabric surface through an impregnation process. This film not only provides immediate contact sterilization, but also adheres firmly to the fiber surface through the synergistic effect of the water-based resin matrix and the cross-linking agent, effectively preventing the loss of antibacterial ingredients during use or washing. The thickness of the functional layer is controlled at 5~10μm, which ensures sufficient antibacterial agent loading and film integrity, while avoiding clogging the fabric pores and maintaining good breathability, moisture permeability and soft hand feel.

[0029] The aforementioned matrix layer and functional layer complement each other and work synergistically to create an intelligent antibacterial system that features rapid response, broad-spectrum coverage, long-lasting washability, and strong environmental adaptability. This significantly improves the hygiene and safety performance and service life of the fabric in practical applications.

[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0031] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functional antibacterial fabric, characterized in that: It includes a substrate layer and a functional layer, wherein the functional layer is attached to the surface of the substrate layer by an impregnation process; The substrate material is selected from one or more combinations of natural fibers, man-made fibers or synthetic fibers, including warp and weft yarns interwoven together; The functional layer comprises at least one antibacterial active ingredient and a dispersion matrix mixed to form an impregnation solution, wherein the thickness of the functional layer is 5~10μm.

2. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warp yarns include blended yarns of cotton fibers and silver fibers; The weft yarn comprises a composite fiber of polyester fiber and titanium dioxide coated with an antibacterial agent.

3. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The warp yarn is a blended yarn made of cotton fiber and silver fiber in a mass ratio of 70:30 to 90:10; The weft yarn is a composite fiber of polyester fiber and antibacterial titanium dioxide coated with a mass ratio of 60:40 to 85:15, twisted or blended together.

4. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antibacterial active ingredient includes at least one of the following: silver nanoparticles, quaternary ammonium salt compounds, chitosan derivatives, triclosan, or plant-derived antibacterial extracts; The dispersion matrix is ​​one or more of waterborne polyurethane, acrylate emulsion, siloxane modified resin or polyvinyl alcohol, and its solid content is 5% to 20%.

5. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the silver nanoparticles is 10~50 nm, and the mass concentration in the impregnation solution is 0.05%~1.0%.

6. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the antibacterial agent-coated titanium dioxide composite fiber: The antibacterial agent is chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, with a coating layer thickness of 5~20 nm and a coating rate of over 85%; Titanium dioxide is anatase type or modified titanium dioxide doped with metal ions, with a particle size of 20~100 nm.

7. The functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional antibacterial fabric has an inhibition rate of more than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

8. A method for preparing a functional antibacterial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Configure warp and weft yarns according to the formula ratio; S2: Weave according to the set fabric structure to obtain the base layer; S3: Prepare the impregnation solution and add antibacterial active ingredients; S4: Place the matrix layer obtained in S2 in the impregnation solution and roll it using a two-dip two-roll process; S5: Pre-bake and bake the rolled substrate layer to cure it; S6: After baking, the fabric is softened or wrinkle-resistant, and after performance testing, a functional antibacterial fabric is obtained.

9. The method for preparing a functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S3, the antibacterial active ingredient, dispersion matrix, crosslinking agent and deionized water are mixed, stirred evenly and then ultrasonically dispersed for 30 to 60 minutes to obtain an impregnation solution with a solid content of 5% to 20%.

10. The method for preparing a functional antibacterial fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, the sample is immersed for 15-25 minutes at a temperature of 25-40°C and a liquor ratio of 1:15-1:

25. S5 includes pre-baking at 80~100℃ for 3~4 minutes, followed by baking at 130~150℃ for 2~3 minutes.

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