Waterproof connection method for continuous construction of adjacent buildings

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, and provides a waterproof connection method for continuous construction of adjacent buildings, which comprises the following steps: cleaning the side wall and the joint area of the existing structure, retaining the height of the existing waterproof roll on the side wall, and chiseling the contact surface; pre-buried grouting pipes are arranged in soil bodies below and outside the existing structure, and a grouting outlet is led into a drainage ditch of the newly-built structure; a containing space is formed below a newly-built structure and an existing structure, a newly-built waterproof coiled material is laid, a bent part is formed near a joint area through an empty laying method, the bent part is arranged in the containing space and is in lap joint with the existing coiled material, and meanwhile an isolation layer is arranged between the newly-built coiled material and follow-up concrete; after a water intercepting and draining ditch is formed in the existing wall root, newly-built concrete is poured and cured; and finally, grouting is conducted on soil bodies on the lower side and the outer side of a bottom plate of the existing structure and joints through a pre-buried grouting system, and reinforcing and sealing are achieved. According to the invention, systematic waterproofing of active maintenance is realized, and the long-term sealing reliability and engineering durability of the seam are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building technology, and in particular to a waterproof joint method for the continuation of adjacent buildings. Background Technology

[0002] The development of land in the same area may be divided into multiple openings, that is, according to the land development progress, one plot is developed before another plot is opened. Several years apart, the basement exterior walls of the original plots are connected after the new plots are developed, and the original exterior walls become interior walls.

[0003] During the construction process, the existing waterproofing layer of the existing concrete structure of the foundation slab had the following problems: the existing waterproofing layer had been buried in the soil for a long time, which caused the waterproofing layer to harden. This made it impossible for the newly applied waterproofing layer in the continued construction to effectively overlap with the existing waterproofing layer. As a result, the dual waterproofing measures of flexible waterproofing and rigid waterproofing could not be deployed in a coordinated manner, and the risk of leakage was relatively high.

[0004] In existing technologies, grouting is mainly used to seal structural cracks and leaks, but its sealing effect on cracks still needs to be verified. More importantly, the existing waterproofing layer in the structure has a "broken end" phenomenon: there are natural gaps and open openings between the existing waterproofing membrane layer and the waterproofing protective layer, and between the waterproofing protective layer and the concrete base slab structure. Groundwater can directly enter the upper part of the waterproofing layer through these gaps, causing the waterproofing function of that part to fail.

[0005] If the new construction continues to use traditional waterproofing construction methods (including waterproofing layer, waterproofing layer, waterproofing protective layer, and foundation concrete structure), the same problem of broken waterproofing layer will occur, and groundwater will enter above the new waterproofing layer, causing the new waterproofing system to fail. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings, in order to solve the defect in the prior art where the continued construction part has a high risk of leakage between the existing part and the original part.

[0007] This invention provides a waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step S10: Pre-treatment of existing structure: Clean the side walls and joint areas of the existing structure, and retain the existing waterproof membrane at a height of not less than 300mm on the side walls; roughen the concrete contact surface between the existing structure and the new structure. Step S20: Set up a pre-embedded grouting system: Install pre-embedded grouting pipes in the soil below the existing main structure and in the soil outside the existing main structure, and lead the grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes to the drainage ditch of the new main structure. Step S30: Construct a continuous composite waterproof layer: Create an accommodating space in the soil beneath the newly constructed main structure and the existing main structure; lay a new waterproof membrane, with the portion of the new waterproof membrane near the joint area forming a bend using a loose-lay method, the bend being located within the accommodating space; simultaneously, overlap the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 with the new waterproof membrane; and set an isolation layer between the new waterproof membrane and the subsequently poured structural concrete. Step S40: Construct drainage and post-reinforcement channels: Install intercepting drainage ditches at the base of the existing structural walls; pour concrete for the new structure and cure it; Step S50: Using the grouting system pre-embedded in step S20, grouting material is injected into the soil below and outside the main base plate of the existing structure, as well as into the joint between the existing structure and the new structure, to reinforce and seal the structure.

[0008] According to the waterproof jointing method for adjacent building construction provided by the present invention, in step S30, the construction of the composite waterproof layer adopts an embedded termination process, specifically including: S301. Partially remove the protective layer and part of the structural layer of the existing sidewall to form an installation groove, and level the existing structural base surface in the installation groove. S302. Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the leveled base surface; S303. Restore the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 to bond it with the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. S304. A reinforcing metal plate is installed at the bottom of the existing waterproof membrane bonding area, and the lower part of the reinforcing metal plate is anchored between the bottom surface of the existing structure and its lower padding layer.

[0009] According to the waterproof jointing method for adjacent building continuation provided by the present invention, in step S30, when the newly built waterproof membrane is laid to the joint area, its end is heat-fused to the existing waterproof membrane reinforced in step S304, and the lap joint is fixed by pressure strips and mechanical fasteners. After completing the construction of the composite waterproof layer and the new waterproof membrane in the joint area, a layer of cement mortar plastering protective layer is set on the surface of the installation groove area and the new waterproof membrane.

[0010] According to the waterproof jointing method for the continuation of adjacent building construction provided by the present invention, in step S40, a foam rod is provided on the inner side of the bend of the newly built waterproof membrane to increase the bending radius. When using an embedded termination process, backfill material is used to fill the bends in the newly constructed waterproof membrane and between the newly constructed waterproof membrane and the plaster protective layer; and after the backfill material is used, the process further includes: A flexible fabric or membrane is used to cover the bottom surface of the newly built waterproof layer and the surface of the plaster protective layer to form a mortar barrier.

[0011] According to the waterproof jointing method for adjacent building continuation provided by the present invention, in step S30, the composite waterproofing layer in the construction joint area adopts an external bonding jointing process, specifically including: Lay the new waterproof membrane and heat-melt the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 to the new waterproof membrane.

[0012] According to the waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention, step S20, the laying of pre-embedded grouting pipes specifically includes: laying out lines at the end of the existing main structure base plate into the existing structure, extending into the existing structure base plate with a projection dimension of not less than 500mm, maintaining a horizontal interval of 1500mm, using a long drill bit to lay out holes, pre-embedding grouting pipes in the holes, and pre-embedding longitudinal connecting pipes on the side of the newly built structure, and setting the outlet of the grouting pipes upward in the drainage ditch on the base plate.

[0013] According to the waterproof joint method for the continuation of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention, the active grouting reinforcement in step S50 includes the following steps: S501, Structural reinforcement grouting: Injecting epoxy resin grout through the pre-embedded grouting system; S502, Waterproof curtain grouting: Through the pre-embedded grouting system, high-elasticity flexible chemical grouting material is injected into the soil area below and outside the existing structural base plate through the grouting pipes laid in step S20, so as to form a dense impermeable layer in the soil in the area. The process of injecting epoxy resin grout includes: An electric grouting pump was used for grouting, and a pressure gauge was installed on the grouting pipeline for monitoring. Control the grouting process so that the grouting rate of each grouting hole is less than 5L / min, and maintain the pressure stable for at least 10 minutes after the design grouting pressure is reached; The water absorption rate is measured through the inspection hole. When the water absorption rate is less than 1.0 L / min·m, the grouting of the area is considered to be completed. After grouting is completed, the exposed grouting nozzles are removed and the grouting holes are sealed with a leak-stopping waterproofing material.

[0014] The waterproof joint method for adjacent building continuation provided by the present invention further includes step S70: near the intercepting drainage ditch and in the existing side wall area affected by leakage, the original finish is removed down to the structural layer, a back-water pressure waterproof coating layer is applied, and the waterproof mortar plaster layer is restored, and the finish layer is made of water-resistant material.

[0015] The waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention further includes the following steps: before pouring the main body of the new structure, drilling holes and installing reinforcing bars in the existing base slab structure; after the steel bars are installed, reinforcing the piercing membrane parts and setting a water-swellable sealing ring at the root of the reinforcing bars.

[0016] The waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention includes: after roughening the contact surface in step S10, the method further includes: opening a channel at the concrete joint between the existing structure and the new structure and installing a large-volume expansion waterstop strip in the channel.

[0017] The waterproof joint method provided by this invention for the continued construction of adjacent buildings effectively prevents groundwater from seeping into the protective layer above the newly installed waterproof membrane by solidifying the soil under the old and new structures and using a pre-laid reverse bonding method for the new part. The membrane end is embedded within the existing structure range to avoid the membrane from cracking due to the sinking of the new structure, thus effectively improving the stability of the waterproof joint. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the waterproof jointing method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is an initial construction state diagram of the waterproof jointing method for the continuation of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is one of the construction completion status diagrams of the waterproof jointing method for the continuation of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This invention provides Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 5This is the second construction completion state diagram of the waterproof jointing method for the continuation of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the reinforcing metal plate in the waterproof joint method for the continued construction of adjacent buildings provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure label: 10. Existing structure; 11. Existing waterproof membrane; 20. New structure; 21. New waterproof membrane; 211. Bending section; 22. Drainage ditch; 23. Thermal insulation board; 30. Grouting conduit; 31. Sealing structure; 32. Embedded grouting pipe; 40. Backwater pressure waterproof coating layer; 50. Expansion waterstop strip; 60. Crystalline waterproof coating; 70. Pressure strip; 80. Leveling layer; 81. Non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating; 82. Plaster protective layer; 83. Backfill material; 84. Grout barrier; 85. Reinforcing metal plate; 90. Trench. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of clarifying the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0031] In related technologies, when constructing new structures outside an existing basement structure, it is necessary to connect the new structure with the existing structure, meaning the existing basement's exterior walls become interior walls. However, due to its overall hardening, the existing structure is difficult to overlap with the new structure. This leads to a significant risk of water leakage at the construction joint between the new and existing structures. Related technologies typically use grouting to seal this joint. However, grouting, due to its inherent limitations, is insufficient to completely resolve the leakage problem.

[0032] This application aims to systematically solve the above-mentioned problems through improved construction methods in engineering: preventing groundwater from intruding above the waterproof layer at the junction of newly built and existing sections, and preventing water from seeping into the room through structural cracks, thereby completely preventing potential leakage. See the following description for details.

[0033] Example 1: This embodiment provides a waterproofing joint method for the continuation of adjacent building construction. This method is applied to the joint area where the existing structure and the continued structure meet at the basement floor slab and side walls. Here, "joint area" is a three-dimensional concept, specifically referring to the weak zone extending to both sides with the interface between the old and new concrete as its core. Specifically, it includes: the vertical construction joint between the existing side wall and the newly built side wall (or floor slab); the horizontal interface between the lower end of the existing floor slab and the newly built subbase / soil; the broken ends of the existing waterproofing membrane 11; and the cold joint between the old and new concrete to be poured. This area is a critical location where stress concentration, waterproofing interruption, and leakage are likely.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, its core process includes the following steps: Step S10: Pre-treatment of existing structure 10: Clean the side walls and joint areas of existing structure 10, and retain the existing waterproof membrane 11 at a height of not less than 300mm on the side walls; roughen the concrete contact surface between existing structure 10 and new structure 20.

[0035] First, safely excavate to the base of the existing structure 10's foundation slab and side wall base. Thoroughly remove debris and loose concrete from this area. Specifically: remove the existing modified bitumen waterproof membrane on the existing side walls, but retain at least 300mm of its vertical portion (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 As shown in H1), if the existing waterproof membrane 11 is scraped down and laid flat to overlap with the newly built waterproof membrane 21, the following problems will occur: the existing waterproof membrane 11 will develop cracks in the lowest bending area, and the waterproofing in this part will be weak. If the old and new membranes settle and misalign, the waterproofing in this part will be sheared and damaged.

[0036] The remaining surface of the roll material should be cleaned, but not scraped off. This measure is based on the physical properties of aged roll material; by retaining sufficient height, it can prevent the formation of invisible micro-cracks at the root due to repeated bending during subsequent operations. These cracks will become inherent leakage channels that are difficult to repair.

[0037] At the same time, a roughening tool is used to roughen the contact surface between the existing concrete and the new concrete to be poured, exposing solid, fresh aggregate to enhance the mechanical interlocking and bonding force between the old and new concrete.

[0038] As a preferred rigid waterproofing measure: grooves are cut into the contact surface of the existing main structure 10 at predetermined locations (usually located at the upper and lower parts in the height direction) after the surface has been roughened, and large-volume expansion waterstop strips 50 are installed. These waterstop strips expand significantly in volume when exposed to water, effectively sealing concrete shrinkage gaps.

[0039] Furthermore, a 1mm thick cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 60 is applied to the roughened contact surface to increase the bonding ability between the old and new structures.

[0040] Step S20: Set up a pre-embedded grouting system: Install pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10 and in the soil outside the main body of the existing structure 10. The grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 is led to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 are installed in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10 and in the soil outside the main body of the existing structure 10. The grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 is led to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0042] The specific operation is as follows: Under the elevation of the existing main structure 10, excavate downwards to a height not exceeding 300mm, and excavate below the existing main structure 10 to a depth not exceeding 50mm.

[0043] Next, the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 are installed. Specifically, this includes: laying out lines at the end of the existing structure 10's main base slab, extending into the existing structure 10 with a projection dimension of not less than 500mm below the base slab, and using a long drill bit to create holes at 1500mm intervals laterally. Grouting pipes 32 are pre-embedded in these holes. Additionally, longitudinal connecting pipes are pre-embedded on the side of the new structure 20, and the outlet of the grouting pipe is positioned upwards within the drainage ditch 22 on the base slab. Figure 3 As shown.

[0044] Furthermore, after the pipeline is pre-buried, a bedding layer is constructed for the new structure 20, and a trench 90 with a width of not less than 200mm is reserved between the bedding layer of the new structure 20 and the existing structure 10. The specific depth is based on the available space on site.

[0045] Step S30: Construct a continuous composite waterproof layer: Create an accommodating space in the soil beneath the main body of the new structure 20 and the main body of the existing structure 10; lay a new waterproof membrane 21, and form a bent portion 211 near the joint area using a loose-lay method. The bent portion 211 is located within the accommodating space. At the same time, overlap the existing waterproof membrane 11 retained in step S10 with the new waterproof membrane 21; and set an isolation layer between the new waterproof membrane 21 and the subsequently poured structural concrete.

[0046] The specific operation is as follows: Lay the newly built waterproof membrane 21, and bend part of the newly built waterproof membrane to form a bend 211. The bend 211 is located in the reserved space in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10. The waterproofing in this part is done loosely. Specifically, the membrane extends from the trench 90 and is laid into the 50mm reserved space in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10. If necessary, foam rods can be added to the inside of the bend to increase the bending diameter of the membrane.

[0047] Next, in the joint area, the existing waterproof membrane 11 retained in step S10 is heat-fused to the newly built waterproof membrane 21. To ensure the quality of the heat-fusion construction, thermal insulation isolation plates 23 are placed at the connection points where the outline of the new waterproof material matches. Multiple isolation plates form the isolation layer, preventing the new waterproof material in this area from contacting the main body of the new structure 20. By preventing direct contact, the movement of the reserved membrane is facilitated, allowing for waterproofing in case of misalignment or other issues, thus preventing tearing of the waterproof layer.

[0048] It is understandable that the newly constructed waterproof membrane and the existing waterproof membrane are heat-fused together to form a continuous composite waterproof layer. In this embodiment, the loosely laid waterproof membrane can provide displacement margin when the newly constructed part and the existing part are misaligned, thus avoiding tearing of the waterproof layer.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the main structure during subsequent pouring, before pouring the main structure of the new structure 20, holes are drilled in the existing base slab structure for rebar installation. After the rebar installation is completed, the piercing parts of the rolled material are reinforced, and water-swellable sealing rings are installed at the roots of the rebars.

[0050] Next, grouting conduits 30 are installed at 2m intervals between the longitudinal grouting pipes in the middle of the new structure 20 and the existing structure 10. The inlet of the grouting conduit 30 is located in the drainage ditch 22 so as to lead the grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 32 to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0051] Step S40: Construct drainage and post-reinforcement channels: Set up drainage ditch 22 at the base of the existing structure 10 wall; pour concrete for the new structure 20 and cure it.

[0052] Next, the drainage ditch 22 will be located at the base of the side wall of the existing structure 10. If leakage occurs later, the leaking water can be drained away through the drainage ditch 22.

[0053] Of course, if it is difficult to place the drainage ditch 22 in the gap, after the concrete of the new structure 20 base slab is poured, a slope can be made from the joint between the old and new concrete towards the new intercepting drainage ditch 22, with a slope of not less than 3%, and a drainage board can be added to the surface of the base slab structure to increase drainage smoothness.

[0054] After completing the above, pour the concrete for the foundation slab of the new structure in 20 sections according to the structural design. After the concrete has cured to the design strength, install grouting nozzles on the grouting pipes in the middle of the structure, connect them to a grouting pump, and inject epoxy resin grout. Grouting is carried out using an electric grouting pump, and a pressure gauge is installed at one end of the grouting pipe. When the grout flow rate in each grouting section is less than 5L / min and the design pressure is reached and stabilized for 10 minutes, and the water absorption of the check hole is less than 1.0L / min per meter, grouting is completed, and then the next section of construction is carried out. After grouting is completed, the grouting nozzles are removed, and then the grouting holes are sealed with a leak-stopping waterproof material.

[0055] Step S50: Using the grouting system pre-embedded in step S20, grouting material is injected into the soil below and outside the main base plate of the existing structure, as well as into the joint between the existing structure and the new structure, to reinforce and seal the structure.

[0056] Specifically, grouting pipes are pre-embedded in the soil beneath the new main structure 20 and the existing main structure, and the grouting port is guided to the drainage ditch 22 through the grouting conduit 30. This enables the grouting operation. Figure 3 , Figure 4 In the process, highly elastic flexible chemical grouting material or cement-based grouting material is injected (the solidified soil part in the figure), which strengthens the weak points of the entire structure, resulting in higher overall structural stability. Furthermore, a sealing structure 31 is provided at the point where the grouting conduit 30 passes through the new waterproof membrane to prevent leakage at the penetration point.

[0057] Specifically, the active grouting reinforcement in S50 includes the following steps: S501, Structural reinforcement grouting: Epoxy resin grout is injected through the pre-embedded grouting system to consolidate the soil below and outside the existing structure 10 base plate, thereby enhancing the integrity and bearing capacity of the soil in the area and reducing the risk of uneven settlement in the later stage.

[0058] S502, Waterproof Curtain Grouting: Through the pre-embedded grouting system, a high-elasticity flexible chemical grouting material is injected into the soil area below and outside the existing structure 10 base plate, where grouting pipes are laid in step S20, to form a dense impermeable layer in the soil in this area; the material penetrates into the micropores and structural gaps of the soil under pressure, and after solidification, it forms a continuous, highly elastic "auxiliary waterproof curtain", effectively blocking the migration path of groundwater to the joint area, and achieving a waterproof effect that combines rigidity and flexibility.

[0059] The process of injecting epoxy resin grout includes: using an electric grouting pump for grouting and installing a pressure gauge on the grouting pipeline for real-time monitoring; controlling the grouting process so that the grout flow rate of each grouting hole is less than 5L / min, and maintaining the pressure stable for at least 10 minutes after reaching the design grouting pressure; then measuring the water absorption through pre-embedded inspection holes, and determining that the grouting of the area is completed when the water absorption is less than 1.0L / min·m; after the grouting is completed, the exposed grouting nozzles are removed and the grouting holes are sealed with a leak-stopping waterproof material.

[0060] Furthermore, to prevent water stains, dampness, and mold from appearing at the base of existing walls in newly constructed areas, step S70 is executed: In the vicinity of the drainage ditch 22 and the existing sidewall areas affected by leakage, the original finish is removed down to the structural layer, a back-water pressure waterproof coating layer 40 is applied, and the waterproof mortar plaster layer is restored. The finish layer uses water-resistant materials. Specifically, within a 1m range from the bottom of the drainage ditch 22 to the ground level, the original plastering leveling layer 80 is replaced with a waterproof mortar plaster layer, and the finish layer uses water-resistant materials.

[0061] Because the elevation of the new main structure's base slab is higher than that of the existing structure's main body base slab, the existing interior side walls are located within the new base slab's area. If leakage occurs at the joints of the new base slab, it can easily seep through the existing side walls into the existing interior. To address this, the existing structure's side walls, extending at least 300mm above the new base slab's elevation and extending at least 1m from the base of the side walls towards the base slab, will have their finishing layer removed down to the concrete structural layer. A 2mm thick special functional back-water pressure waterproof coating layer 40 will be added, and the wall plaster layer will be restored to a waterproof mortar plaster layer. The finishing layer will also use a water-resistant material.

[0062] Example 2: This embodiment provides a waterproofing joint method for the continuation of adjacent building construction. This method is applied to the joint area where the existing structure and the continued structure meet at the basement floor slab and side walls. Here, "joint area" is a three-dimensional concept, specifically referring to the weak zone extending to both sides with the interface between the old and new concrete as its core. Specifically, it includes: the vertical construction joint between the existing side wall and the newly built side wall (or floor slab); the horizontal interface between the lower end of the existing floor slab and the newly built subbase / soil; the broken ends of the existing waterproofing membrane 11; and the cold joint between the old and new concrete to be poured. This area is a critical location where stress concentration, waterproofing interruption, and leakage are likely.

[0063] Unlike Embodiment 1, this embodiment embeds the connection point between the newly constructed structure 20 and the existing structure 10 into a mounting groove at the bottom of the existing structure 10. Figure 4As shown, this effectively prevents the waterproof membrane from cracking due to subsidence in the newly constructed section. See the following instructions for details.

[0064] like Figures 1-2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, its core process includes the following steps: Step S10: Pre-treatment of existing structure 10: Clean the side walls and joint areas of existing structure 10, and retain the existing waterproof membrane 11 at a height of not less than 300mm on the side walls; roughen the concrete contact surface between existing structure 10 and new structure 20.

[0065] First, safely excavate to the base of the existing structure 10's foundation slab and side wall base. Thoroughly clean up debris and loose concrete in this area. Specifically: remove the existing modified bitumen waterproof membrane from the existing side walls, but strictly retain at least 300mm of its vertical portion (see [reference]). Figure 2 As shown in H1), if the existing waterproof membrane 11 is scraped down and laid flat to overlap with the newly built waterproof membrane 21, the following problems will occur: the existing waterproof membrane 11 will develop cracks in the lowest bending area, and the waterproofing in this part will be weak. If the old and new membranes settle and misalign, the waterproofing in this part will be sheared and damaged.

[0066] The remaining surface of the roll material should be cleaned, but not scraped off. This measure is based on the physical properties of aged roll material; by retaining sufficient height, it can prevent the formation of invisible micro-cracks at the root due to repeated bending during subsequent operations. These cracks will become inherent leakage channels that are difficult to repair.

[0067] At the same time, a roughening tool is used to roughen the contact surface between the existing concrete and the new concrete to be poured, exposing solid, fresh aggregate to enhance the mechanical interlocking and bonding force between the old and new concrete.

[0068] As a preferred rigid waterproofing measure: grooves are cut into the contact surface of the existing main structure 10 at predetermined locations (usually located at the upper and lower parts in the height direction) after the surface has been roughened, and large-volume expansion waterstop strips 50 are installed. These waterstop strips expand significantly in volume when exposed to water, effectively sealing concrete shrinkage gaps.

[0069] Furthermore, a 1mm thick cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating 60 is applied to the roughened contact surface to increase the bonding ability between the old and new structures.

[0070] Step S20: Set up a pre-embedded grouting system: Install pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10 and in the soil outside the main body of the existing structure 10. The grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 is led to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 are installed in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10 and in the soil outside the main body of the existing structure 10. The grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 is led to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0072] The specific operation is as follows: Under the elevation of the existing main structure 10, excavate downwards to a height not exceeding 300mm, and excavate below the existing main structure 10 to a depth not exceeding 50mm.

[0073] Next, the pre-embedded grouting pipes 32 are installed. Specifically, this includes: laying out lines at the end of the existing structure 10's main base slab, extending into the existing structure 10 with a projection dimension of not less than 500mm below the base slab, and using a long drill bit to create holes at 1500mm intervals laterally. Grouting pipes 32 are pre-embedded in these holes. Additionally, longitudinal connecting pipes are pre-embedded on the side of the new structure 20, and the outlet of the grouting pipe is positioned upwards within the drainage ditch 22 on the base slab. Figure 3 As shown.

[0074] Furthermore, after the pipeline is pre-buried, a bedding layer is constructed for the new structure 20, and a trench 90 with a width of not less than 200mm is reserved between the bedding layer of the new structure 20 and the existing structure 10. The specific depth is based on the available space on site.

[0075] Step S30: Construct a continuous composite waterproof layer: Create an accommodating space in the soil beneath the main body of the new structure 20 and the main body of the existing structure 10; lay a new waterproof membrane 21, and form a bent portion 211 near the joint area using a loose-lay method. The bent portion 211 is located within the accommodating space. At the same time, overlap the existing waterproof membrane 11 retained in step S10 with the new waterproof membrane 21; and set an isolation layer between the new waterproof membrane 21 and the subsequently poured structural concrete.

[0076] The specific operation is as follows: Lay the newly built waterproof membrane 21, and bend part of the newly built waterproof membrane to form a bend 211. The bend 211 is located in the reserved space in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10. The waterproofing in this part is done loosely. Specifically, the membrane extends from the trench 90 and is laid into the 50mm reserved space in the soil below the main body of the existing structure 10. If necessary, foam rods can be added to the inside of the bend to increase the bending diameter of the membrane.

[0077] Next, an embedded finishing process is used to construct the composite waterproof layer in the joint area, as follows: S301. Grooving and Leveling: Partially remove the protective layer and part of the structural layer of the existing sidewall to form an installation groove, and level the existing structural base surface within the installation groove. In practice, use small breaking tools to carefully and manually remove the portion of the sidewall structure to which the existing roofing membrane is attached, as retained in step S10. The removal area must allow sufficient space for subsequent operations, and damage to the main structural reinforcement is strictly prohibited. After removal, a new, clean concrete base groove is formed. Damage to the main reinforcement is strictly prohibited. Use high-strength mortar to level the concrete base surface within the groove, forming a leveling layer 80.

[0078] S302. Apply a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 81 to the leveled substrate. Specifically, apply a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 81 with a thickness of approximately 2 mm to the leveling layer 80.

[0079] S303. Restore the existing waterproof membrane 11 retained in step S10 to bond it with the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating 81. In specific operation: carefully turn over the existing membrane that was cleaned and retained in step S10, press it tightly into the non-curing coating, ensure that the two are fully bonded, and restore the continuity of the vertical waterproofing at this point.

[0080] S304. A reinforcing metal plate 85 is installed at the bottom of the existing waterproof membrane 11 bonding area, and the lower part of the reinforcing metal plate 85 is anchored between the bottom surface of the existing structure 10 body and its lower padding layer. In specific operation: (e.g.) Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a specially made reinforcing metal plate 85 is used. This plate is made of galvanized steel and has perforations arranged in a quincunx pattern. It is coated with an asphalt coating on one or both sides. During construction, one end of the plate (anchoring end) is hammered or pressed into the gap between the existing waterproof layer and the underlying subbase to achieve a firm anchor. The other end (covering end) is then laid flat over the overlapping area of ​​the newly bonded old and new waterproof layers. The asphalt coating on its surface can bond well with the newly applied waterproof membrane 21. This component serves multiple functions, including stress transfer, mechanical protection, and transition reinforcement.

[0081] It is understandable that the newly constructed waterproof membrane and the existing waterproof membrane are heat-fused together to form a continuous composite waterproof layer. In this embodiment, the loosely laid waterproof membrane can provide displacement margin when the newly constructed part and the existing part are misaligned, thus avoiding tearing of the waterproof layer.

[0082] Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the main structure during subsequent pouring, before pouring the main structure of the new structure 20, holes are drilled in the existing base slab structure for rebar installation. After the rebar installation is completed, the piercing parts of the rolled material are reinforced, and water-swellable sealing rings are installed at the roots of the rebars.

[0083] Next, grouting conduits 30 are installed at 2m intervals between the longitudinal grouting pipes in the middle of the new structure 20 and the existing structure 10. The inlet of the grouting conduit 30 is located in the drainage ditch 22 so as to lead the grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipe 32 to the drainage ditch 22 of the main body of the new structure 20.

[0084] In the embedded termination process, when the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 is laid to the joint area, its end is heat-fused and overlapped with the existing waterproof membrane 11 reinforced in step S304. The overlap joint is then fixed using a pressure strip 70 and mechanical fasteners. After completing the construction of the composite waterproof layer and the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 in the joint area, a layer of cement mortar plastering protective layer 82 is applied to the installation groove area and the surface of the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21. That is, when the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 is laid to the joint area, its end must be heat-fused and fully bonded to the existing waterproof membrane 11 covered and reinforced by the reinforcing metal plate 85 installed in step S304. To ensure the long-term reliability of this critical joint and prevent the overlap edge from lifting or peeling due to stress or deformation, after the heat-fusion construction is completed, the overlap joint must be immediately compacted and mechanically fixed using a metal or high-strength plastic pressure strip 70 (e.g., galvanized steel strip) along with self-tapping screws or expansion bolts (see...). Figure 6 (See detailed view). The pressure strip 70 should continuously cover the entire overlap width, and the spacing between fasteners should not exceed 300mm. This step greatly enhances the joint's resistance to peeling and shearing.

[0085] Furthermore, to prevent mud or mortar from intruding into the hot-melt overlap area and joint area, and the corresponding underlying soil, when pouring the new structure 20, this embodiment uses a plastering protective layer 82 for protection, so as to avoid the intrusion of mud or mortar.

[0086] Foam rods are placed inside the bend 211 of the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 to increase the bending radius; when the embedded termination process is adopted, backfill material 83 is used to fill the bend 211 of the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 and the space between the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 and the plaster protective layer 82; and after the backfill material 83 is filled, the bottom surface of the newly constructed waterproof layer and the surface of the plaster protective layer 82 are covered with flexible cloth or membrane to form a temporary anti-grout barrier 84.

[0087] Specifically, when using the embedded termination process, the gaps formed inside the bend 211, and the internal corners between the newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 and the base of the subsequent plaster protective layer 82, are densely filled with dry fine sand, low-strength cement mortar, or flexible closed-cell foam strips (collectively referred to as fillers). These fillers serve as temporary supports, maintain the cavity shape, and distribute external loads.

[0088] Furthermore, after the filling operation is completed and the plaster protective layer 82 is applied, a plastic film (such as PE film), geotextile, or other flexible waterproof membrane must be immediately and tightly covered over the surface of the infill body, as well as the adjacent newly constructed waterproof membrane 21 and existing waterproof layer areas. Using waterproof pressure-sensitive tape, the edges of the membrane are tightly adhered and sealed to the surrounding solid, dry substrate (such as existing concrete structure 10 or fixed waterproof membrane) to form a continuous grout barrier 84. This grout barrier 84 effectively prevents flowing cement grout from seeping into the gaps of the bend 211 during subsequent pouring of the new structure 20. This is because once cement grout intrudes and hardens, it will cause the waterproof layer to become partially bonded, completely destroying its "loose" state and the stress-relieving function upon which the design relies.

[0089] Furthermore, after completing all construction of the composite waterproof layer and the newly built waterproof membrane 21 in the joint area, and after completing the above-mentioned filling and grout sealing, a cement mortar protective layer 82 with a thickness of not less than 20mm can be applied to the installation groove area, the area covered by the reinforcing metal plate 85, and the surface of the newly built waterproof membrane 21. This protective layer 82 serves as an isolation layer between the newly built waterproof membrane 21 and the subsequently poured new structure 20, effectively preventing direct contact between the waterproof membrane at this location and the subsequently poured new structure 20. This protective layer needs to be smoothed and polished, providing solid physical protection for the underlying and inner flexible waterproof layer during subsequent heavy processes such as rebar tying and concrete pouring, preventing it from being punctured, crushed, or displaced. Of course, care should be taken to avoid damaging the grout barrier 84 beneath the protective layer 82 during its construction.

[0090] Step S40: Construct drainage and post-reinforcement channels: Set up drainage ditch 22 at the base of the existing structure 10 wall; pour concrete for the new structure 20 and cure it.

[0091] Next, the drainage ditch 22 will be located at the base of the side wall of the existing structure 10. If leakage occurs later, the leaking water can be drained away through the drainage ditch 22.

[0092] Of course, if it is difficult to place the drainage ditch 22 in the gap, after the concrete of the new structure 20 base slab is poured, a slope can be made from the joint between the old and new concrete towards the new intercepting drainage ditch 22, with a slope of not less than 3%, and a drainage board can be added to the surface of the base slab structure to increase drainage smoothness.

[0093] After completing the above, pour the concrete for the foundation slab of the new structure in 20 sections according to the structural design. After the concrete has cured to the design strength, install grouting nozzles on the grouting pipes in the middle of the structure, connect them to a grouting pump, and inject epoxy resin grout. Grouting is carried out using an electric grouting pump, and a pressure gauge is installed at one end of the grouting pipe. When the grout flow rate in each grouting section is less than 5L / min and the design pressure is reached and stabilized for 10 minutes, and the water absorption of the check hole is less than 1.0L / min per meter, grouting is completed, and then the next section of construction is carried out. After grouting is completed, the grouting nozzles are removed, and then the grouting holes are sealed with a leak-stopping waterproof material.

[0094] Step S50: Using the grouting system pre-embedded in step S20, grouting material is injected into the soil and structural gaps below the joint for reinforcement and sealing.

[0095] Specifically, grouting pipes are pre-embedded in the soil beneath the new main structure 20 and the existing main structure, and the grouting port is guided to the drainage ditch 22 through the grouting conduit 30. This enables the grouting operation. Figure 4 , Figure 5 In the process, highly elastic and flexible chemical grouting material or cement-based grouting material is injected (the solidified soil part in the figure), which strengthens the weak points of the entire structure, resulting in higher overall structural stability.

[0096] Furthermore, to prevent water stains, dampness, and mold from appearing at the base of existing walls in newly constructed areas, step S70 is executed: In the vicinity of the drainage ditch 22 and the existing sidewall areas affected by leakage, the original finish is removed down to the structural layer, a back-water pressure waterproof coating layer 40 is applied, and the waterproof mortar plaster layer is restored. The finish layer uses water-resistant materials. Specifically, within a 1m range from the bottom of the drainage ditch 22 to the ground level, the original plastering leveling layer 80 is replaced with a waterproof mortar plaster layer, and the finish layer uses water-resistant materials.

[0097] Because the elevation of the new main structure's base slab is higher than that of the existing structure's main body base slab, the existing interior side walls are located within the new base slab's area. If leakage occurs at the joints of the new base slab, it can easily seep through the existing side walls into the existing interior. To address this, the existing structure's side walls, extending at least 300mm above the new base slab's elevation and extending at least 1m from the base of the side walls towards the base slab, will have their finishing layer removed down to the concrete structural layer. A 2mm thick special functional back-water pressure waterproof coating layer 40 will be added, and the wall plaster layer will be restored to a waterproof mortar plaster layer. The finishing layer will also use a water-resistant material.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof joint method for the continuation of adjacent buildings, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S10: Pre-treatment of existing structure: Clean the side walls and joint areas of the existing structure, and retain the existing waterproof membrane at a height of not less than 300mm on the side walls; roughen the concrete contact surface between the existing structure and the new structure. Step S20: Set up a pre-embedded grouting system: Install pre-embedded grouting pipes in the soil below the existing main structure and in the soil outside the existing main structure, and lead the grouting outlet of the pre-embedded grouting pipes to the drainage ditch of the new main structure. Step S30: Construct a continuous composite waterproof layer: Create an accommodating space in the soil beneath the newly constructed main structure and the existing main structure; lay a new waterproof membrane, with the portion of the new waterproof membrane near the joint area forming a bend using a loose-lay method, the bend being located within the accommodating space; simultaneously, overlap the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 with the new waterproof membrane; and set an isolation layer between the new waterproof membrane and the subsequently poured structural concrete. Step S40: Construct drainage and post-reinforcement channels: Set up intercepting drainage ditches at the base of the existing structural walls; pour concrete for the new structure and cure it; Step S50: Using the grouting system pre-embedded in step S20, grouting material is injected into the soil below and outside the main base plate of the existing structure, as well as into the joint between the existing structure and the new structure, to reinforce and seal the structure.

2. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S30, the construction of the composite waterproof layer adopts an embedded termination process, specifically including: S301. Partially remove the protective layer and part of the structural layer of the existing sidewall to form an installation groove, and level the existing structural base surface in the installation groove. S302. Apply non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to the leveled base surface; S303. Restore the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 to bond it with the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating. S304. A reinforcing metal plate is installed at the bottom of the existing waterproof membrane bonding area, and the lower part of the reinforcing metal plate is anchored between the bottom surface of the existing structure and its lower padding layer.

3. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S30, when the newly built waterproof membrane is laid to the joint area, its end is heat-fused to overlap with the existing waterproof membrane reinforced in step S304, and the overlap joint is fixed with pressure strips and mechanical fasteners. After completing the construction of the composite waterproof layer and the new waterproof membrane in the joint area, a layer of cement mortar plastering protective layer is set on the surface of the installation groove area and the new waterproof membrane.

4. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S40, foam rods are placed inside the bend of the newly built waterproof membrane to increase the bending radius; When using the embedded termination process, backfill material is used to fill the bends of the newly built waterproof membrane and between the newly built waterproof membrane and the plaster protective layer. Furthermore, after the backfill material is filled, the following is also included: A flexible fabric or membrane is used to cover the bottom surface of the newly built waterproof layer and the surface of the plaster protective layer to form a mortar barrier.

5. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, In step S30, the composite waterproof layer in the construction joint area adopts an external bonding joint process, specifically including: Lay the new waterproof membrane and heat-melt the existing waterproof membrane retained in step S10 to the new waterproof membrane.

6. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S20, the installation of pre-embedded grouting pipes specifically includes: laying out lines at the end of the existing main structure base plate into the existing structure, extending into the existing structure base plate with a projection dimension of not less than 500mm, maintaining a lateral spacing of 1500mm, using a long drill bit to lay out holes, pre-embedding grouting pipes in the holes, and pre-embedding longitudinal connecting pipes on the side of the new structure, and setting the outlet of the grouting pipe upward in the drainage ditch on the base plate.

7. The waterproof jointing method for adjacent building extensions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active grouting reinforcement in step S50 includes the following steps: S501, Structural reinforcement grouting: Injecting epoxy resin grout through the pre-embedded grouting system; S502, Waterproof curtain grouting: Through the pre-embedded grouting system, high-elasticity flexible chemical grouting material is injected into the soil area below and outside the existing structural base plate through the grouting pipes laid in step S20, so as to form a dense impermeable layer in the soil in the area. The process of injecting epoxy resin grout includes: An electric grouting pump was used for grouting, and a pressure gauge was installed on the grouting pipeline for monitoring. Control the grouting process so that the grouting rate of each grouting hole is less than 5L / min, and maintain the pressure stable for at least 10 minutes after the design grouting pressure is reached; The water absorption rate is measured through the inspection hole. When the water absorption rate is less than 1.0 L / min·m, the grouting operation in the grouting area is considered to be completed. After grouting is completed, the exposed grouting nozzles are removed and the grouting holes are sealed with a leak-stopping waterproofing material.

8. The waterproofing joint method for the continuation of adjacent building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes step S70: near the drainage ditch and in the existing side wall area affected by leakage, remove the original finish down to the structural layer, apply a back-water pressure waterproof coating layer, and restore the waterproof mortar plaster layer, and the finish layer is made of waterproof material.

9. The waterproofing joint method for the continuation of adjacent buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process also includes the following steps: before pouring the main body of the new structure, drilling holes and installing reinforcing bars in the existing base slab structure; after the steel bars are installed, reinforcing the piercing parts of the rolled material and installing water-swellable sealing rings at the base of the reinforcing bars.

10. The waterproofing joint method for the continuation of adjacent building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: In step S10, after roughening the contact surface, the method further includes the step of: opening a channel at the concrete joint between the existing structure and the new structure and installing a large-volume expansion waterstop strip in the channel.

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