Damping mechanism, linear driving device, control method and automation equipment
By using equal volume replacement design and hydraulic damping unit with incompressible hydraulic medium, the problems of uniform motion and structural complexity in existing linear drive devices are solved, achieving stable uniform motion and low-cost upgrade and replacement.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing linear drive devices suffer from problems such as unstable speed, complex structure, high cost, and difficult maintenance when achieving uniform motion. In particular, traditional cylinders and built-in damping solutions are difficult to achieve stable uniform motion in a compact space and are difficult to replace.
The hydraulic damping unit, which adopts an equal volume displacement design, uses incompressible hydraulic medium and flow regulation components to generate stable damping force through equal and reverse volume changes, thereby achieving uniform motion. The entire hydraulic damping system can be completely accommodated within a standard-sized hydraulic rod.
It achieves uniform motion control throughout the entire stroke, reduces hardware costs and maintenance thresholds, has extremely high integration and standard interchangeability, is compatible with existing pneumatic actuators, and is easy to upgrade and replace.
Smart Images
Figure CN121782233A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of linear drive technology, and in particular to a damping mechanism, a linear drive device, a control method, and an automated equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, linear motion in industrial automation mainly relies on standard cylinders. However, due to the compressibility of gas, traditional cylinders struggle to achieve stable, uniform motion, often exhibiting "creeping" or impact phenomena. Furthermore, speed fluctuations are severe under varying loads, failing to meet the demands for uniform motion. Existing technologies often employ external hydraulic dampers, pneumatic-hydraulic booster cylinders, or servo control systems, but these suffer from complex structures, high costs, large space requirements, and difficult maintenance. The shortcomings of existing solutions are: External pneumatic-hydraulic damping cylinder: Although it solves the speed stability problem, it usually adopts a structure of "pneumatic cylinder + hydraulic cylinder" in parallel or series, resulting in a large size and incompatibility with standard cylinders in terms of installation dimensions, making it impossible to directly replace standard cylinders in a compact space.
[0003] Traditional built-in damping solutions: Existing built-in solutions usually require the installation of accumulators, compensating springs, or floating pistons to compensate for the changes in hydraulic oil volume (differential volume) caused by the movement of the hydraulic rod. This results in complex structures, high failure rates, and difficulty in implementing them within the space of a slender standard hydraulic rod.
[0004] Electric cylinders: Although they are highly precise, they are extremely expensive and require complex circuit control and programming, making them difficult to maintain. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention addresses the problems of existing technologies by providing a damping mechanism, linear drive device, control method, and automated equipment. It boasts extremely high integration and standard interchangeability. Through an "equal volume replacement" design, it eliminates the accumulator or floating piston compensation mechanisms required in traditional built-in solutions, allowing the entire hydraulic damping system to be fully accommodated within a standard-sized hydraulic rod. This means users can directly replace existing standard cylinders without modifying the mechanical structure or installation dimensions of the original equipment. Furthermore, this invention saves a significant amount of redundant mechanisms, generates stable damping force, and achieves uniform motion control. It eliminates the need for electronic sensors or controllers, resulting in low cost, simple maintenance, and direct compatibility with existing pneumatic actuators, dampers, and other structures, facilitating upgrades and replacements.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a damping mechanism comprising a hydraulic rod with an accommodating space, and a hydraulic damping unit disposed within the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber, a second hydraulic chamber, and connecting pipes, which are respectively connected to the first and second hydraulic chambers. The first and second hydraulic chambers are respectively formed by a sealed connection between the hydraulic rod and a driven component of an external linear drive device. When the driven component of the external linear drive device moves relative to the hydraulic rod, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber, and the total volume of the hydraulic medium within the hydraulic damping unit remains constant.
[0007] The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body and a second fixed hydraulic rod body. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cap connected to the rear end of the driven component of the external linear drive device. A first hydraulic cavity is formed between the first fixed hydraulic rod body and the hydraulic end cap, and a second hydraulic cavity is formed between the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component of the external linear drive device. The first fixed hydraulic rod body and the second fixed hydraulic rod body are arranged coaxially nested or arranged in parallel multi-axis displaced configurations.
[0008] The cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to that of the second hydraulic chamber.
[0009] The connecting pipeline is equipped with a flow regulating component.
[0010] The present invention also provides a linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system, including a cylinder, a driven component slidably disposed on the cylinder, and a hydraulic rod slidably connected to the driven component. The hydraulic rod is fixed on the cylinder and has an accommodating space. A hydraulic damping unit is disposed inside the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber, a second hydraulic chamber, and connecting pipes. The connecting pipes are respectively connected to the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber. The first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber are respectively formed by the hydraulic rod and the driven component of the external linear drive device in a sealed connection. When the driven component moves relative to the cylinder, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber, and the total volume of the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit remains constant.
[0011] The cylinder body includes a cylinder body, a front end cap connected to the front end of the cylinder body, and a rear end cap connected to the rear end of the cylinder body. The front end of the driven component slides through the front end cap. The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body and a second fixed hydraulic rod body respectively fixed to the rear end cap. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cap connected to the rear end of the driven component. A first hydraulic cavity is formed between the first fixed hydraulic rod body and the hydraulic end cap. A second hydraulic cavity is formed between the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component. A ventilation cavity is provided at the tail of the first fixed hydraulic rod body. The first fixed hydraulic rod body and the second fixed hydraulic rod body are coaxially nested or parallel multi-axis displaced arrangement.
[0012] The flow regulation component includes an adjustable flow valve, which extends and is installed outside the cylinder body. Alternatively, the adjustable flow valve may be integrally embedded within the rear end cover.
[0013] The flow regulation component includes an adjustable throttle valve and a drive module. The drive module is connected to the valve core of the adjustable throttle valve and is used to receive external signals and automatically adjust the flow cross-sectional area of the pipeline.
[0014] The hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit is an incompressible hydraulic medium.
[0015] The cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to that of the second hydraulic chamber.
[0016] The cylinder body is also equipped with a position detection unit for real-time monitoring of the displacement information of the driven component relative to the hydraulic rod.
[0017] The present invention also provides a control method based on the aforementioned linear drive device, which includes the following steps: Compressed gas is introduced into the pneumatic chamber of the cylinder to drive the driven component to move. The movement of the driven component causes the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber to undergo equal and opposite volume changes, generating a symmetrical physical damping force in both directions. Hydraulic medium is propelled through connecting pipes from one hydraulic chamber to another; The flow rate of the hydraulic medium is controlled by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the connecting pipe through the flow regulating component, thereby achieving uniform motion of the driven component throughout the entire process.
[0018] The present invention also provides an automated device including the aforementioned linear drive for performing operations requiring constant-speed linear motion.
[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: When this invention is in operation, as the driven component pushes from right to left, the hydraulic end cap simultaneously pushes the hydraulic medium in the first hydraulic chamber to the left, causing the space inside the first hydraulic chamber to gradually decrease. At this time, the hydraulic medium flows sequentially through the inner cavity of the first fixed hydraulic rod, the connecting pipe, the flow regulating component, and the inner cavity of the second fixed hydraulic rod before reaching the second hydraulic chamber. Since the second fixed hydraulic rod is also fixed on the rear end cap, as the driven component moves from right to left, the volume of the space inside the second hydraulic chamber also increases synchronously. Therefore, only the first and second hydraulic chambers change in the entire hydraulic damping unit. Furthermore, in this invention, the cross-sectional areas of the first and second hydraulic chambers are designed to be equal. Therefore, the fluid changes in the first and second hydraulic chambers form the characteristic of completely equal volumes with opposite increments. When the linear drive device returns, it also follows the above characteristics, thus saving a lot of redundant mechanisms. Furthermore, due to the incompressibility of the flow regulating component and the hydraulic medium, the function of constant and adjustable speed is achieved throughout the entire working cycle.
[0020] This invention achieves extremely high mechanical adaptive constant speed accuracy through an equal volume replacement design, combined with incompressible hydraulic medium and flow regulation components. Furthermore, after integrating the position detection unit, the device of this invention can cooperate with an external control system to form a closed-loop feedback. Its motion stability and positioning characteristics can effectively replace medium and low precision motor closed-loop control systems under specific loads, significantly reducing the hardware cost and maintenance threshold of automated equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the damper applied in Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the linear drive device according to Embodiment 2 of this application.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the linear drive device according to Embodiment 2 of this application from another perspective.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural cross-sectional view of Embodiment 4 of this application.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural cross-sectional view of Embodiment 5 of this application.
[0026] exist Figures 1 to 5 The reference numerals in the figures include: 1. First hydraulic chamber; 2. Second hydraulic chamber; 3. Connecting pipeline; 4. Driven component; 5. First fixed hydraulic rod body; 6. Second fixed hydraulic rod body; 7. Hydraulic end cap; 8. Flow regulating assembly; 9. Cylinder body; 10. Front end cap; 11. Rear end cap; 12. Ventilation chamber; 13. Guide rod; 14. Support. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Example 1 In Embodiment 1 of this application, a damping mechanism is provided, comprising a hydraulic rod with an accommodating space. A hydraulic damping unit is disposed within the hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber 1, a second hydraulic chamber 2, and a connecting pipe 3. The connecting pipe 3 is connected to both the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2. The first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 are respectively formed by a hydraulic rod and a driven component 4 of an external linear drive device in a sealed connection. When the driven component 4 of the external linear drive device moves relative to the hydraulic rod, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber 1 is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber 2, and the total volume of the hydraulic medium within the hydraulic damping unit remains constant. The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body 5 and a second fixed hydraulic rod body 6. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cap 7 connected to the rear end of the driven component 4 of the external linear drive device. The first fixed hydraulic rod body 5 and the hydraulic end cap 7 form the first hydraulic chamber 1, and the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component 4 of the external linear drive device form the second hydraulic chamber 2. The hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit is an incompressible hydraulic medium; the first fixed hydraulic rod and the second fixed hydraulic rod are arranged coaxially nested or arranged in parallel multi-axis displaced configurations.
[0029] Specifically, under the above configuration, Embodiment 1 of this application is an independent damping mechanism that can be integrated into an external linear drive device (such as a cylinder, constant speed sliding door, steering wheel damping, damping of the car accelerator / electric pedal, etc.); Embodiment 1 of this application integrates a hydraulic damping unit inside a hollow hydraulic rod, which consists of two hydraulic chambers (first hydraulic chamber 1 and second hydraulic chamber 2) with opposite volume changes but equal absolute values and a connecting pipe 3 connecting the two. In the first embodiment of this application, when the external driven component 4 moves relative to the hydraulic rod, it drives the hydraulic end cap 7 to move synchronously. The volume of the first hydraulic chamber 1 (located between the first fixed hydraulic rod body 5 and the hydraulic end cap 7) decreases, while the volume of the second hydraulic chamber 2 (located between the second fixed hydraulic rod body 6 and the inner wall of the driven component 4) increases by the same amount. Since the cross-sectional areas of the two hydraulic chambers are designed to be equal (the cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic chamber 1 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second hydraulic chamber 2), their volume changes are always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Therefore, the total volume of the hydraulic medium in the entire hydraulic damping unit remains constant. Under the premise of incompressibility, the hydraulic medium (such as hydraulic oil) can only flow from one chamber to another through the connecting pipe 3, thereby generating a stable damping force and realizing uniform motion control. The effective working cross-sectional areas of the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber are equal to ensure the linear consistency of the damping force throughout the entire stroke.
[0030] In the first embodiment of this application, the cross-sectional areas A1 and A2 of the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber are designed to satisfy A1 = A2, so that when the stroke ΔL occurs, the volume change ΔV1 = A1×ΔL and ΔV2 = A2×ΔL are absolutely equal and opposite in direction, fundamentally eliminating the need for a volume compensation mechanism.
[0031] In the first embodiment of this application, a flow regulating component 8 is installed on the connecting pipe 3. Specifically, the flow regulating component 8 is installed on the connecting pipe 3, and speed regulation can be achieved through the flow regulating component 8 and the incompressible hydraulic medium. Under the premise of incompressibility, the hydraulic medium (such as hydraulic oil) can only flow from one cavity to another through the flow regulating component 8, thereby generating a stable damping force and realizing uniform speed motion control. No electronic sensors or controllers are required, resulting in low cost and simple maintenance.
[0032] The first embodiment of this application has a simple structure. Through equal volume replacement design, it eliminates the complex mechanisms (such as floating pistons, springs, or oil reservoirs) used in traditional solutions to compensate for differential volume, saving production costs. Furthermore, the first embodiment of this application uses pure mechanical constant speed control, relying on the flow regulation component 8 and incompressible hydraulic medium to achieve speed regulation, eliminating the need for electronic sensors or controllers, resulting in low cost and simple maintenance. The first embodiment of this application can be directly adapted as a modular component to existing pneumatic actuators, dampers, and other structures, facilitating upgrades and replacements. Figure 1The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a damper applied in Embodiment 1 of this application.
[0033] Example 2 Embodiment 2 of this application, as follows Figures 2 to 3 As shown, a linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system is provided, including a cylinder (such as a pneumatic cylinder), a driven component 4 slidably disposed on the cylinder, and a hydraulic rod slidably connected to the driven component 4. The hydraulic rod is fixed on the cylinder and has an accommodating space. A hydraulic damping unit is disposed within the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber 1, a second hydraulic chamber 2, and a connecting pipe 3, which communicates with the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 respectively. The first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 are respectively formed by the hydraulic rod and the driven component 4 of the external linear drive device in a sealed connection. When the driven component 4 moves relative to the cylinder, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber 1 is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber 2, and the total volume of the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit remains constant. The driven component can be a main piston of the pneumatic cylinder or a non-piston structure such as a guide rod connecting block that cooperates with the pneumatic cylinder. The hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit is an incompressible hydraulic medium, such as hydraulic oil, silicone oil, or a high-viscosity incompressible fluid.
[0034] The cylinder body includes a cylinder body 9, a front cover 10 connected to the front end of the cylinder body, and a rear cover 11 connected to the rear end of the cylinder body. The front end of the driven component 4 slides through the front cover 10. The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body 5 and a second fixed hydraulic rod body 6 respectively fixed to the rear cover 11. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cover 7 connected to the rear end of the driven component 4. A first hydraulic cavity 1 is formed between the first fixed hydraulic rod body 5 and the hydraulic end cover 7, and a second hydraulic cavity 2 is formed between the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component 4. The first fixed hydraulic rod body and the second fixed hydraulic rod body are coaxially nested or arranged in parallel multi-axis displaced configurations. A flow regulating component 8 is installed on the connecting pipeline 3. This flow regulating component 8 is an adjustable flow regulating component 8, and its regulating component can be exposed outside the device or embedded in the end cover. In Embodiment 2 of this application, the hydraulic damping unit is completely housed within the internal space of the hydraulic rod and the cylinder body, and its external installation dimensions are consistent with those of a standard cylinder without damping function, thus possessing standard interchangeability.
[0035] Specifically, in Embodiment 2 of this application, before use, as follows: Figure 2The black-filled area represents incompressible hydraulic medium (such as hydraulic oil or silicone oil). The first fixed hydraulic rod 5 and the second fixed hydraulic rod 6 are fixed by the rear end cover 11, and the driven component 4 slides axially under pneumatic drive. The first hydraulic chamber 1, the second hydraulic chamber 2, and the connecting pipe 3 are filled with hydraulic medium (hydraulic oil). Air is not allowed in the first hydraulic chamber 1, the second hydraulic chamber 2, and the connecting pipe 3. The first fixed hydraulic rod 5 and the second fixed hydraulic rod 6 are respectively fixed on the rear end cover 11, and the hydraulic end cover 7 is fixed on the driven component 4. During operation, when the driven component 4 is pushed from right to left, the hydraulic end cover 7 will simultaneously push the hydraulic medium in the first hydraulic chamber 1 to the left, at which time the space in the first hydraulic chamber 1 gradually decreases. At this time, the hydraulic medium will flow through the inner cavity of the first fixed hydraulic rod 5 and the connecting pipe 3 in sequence. Pipeline 3, flow regulating component 8, and the inner cavity of the second fixed hydraulic rod 6 reach the second hydraulic chamber 2. Since the second fixed hydraulic rod 6 is also fixed on the rear end cover 11, as the driven component 4 moves from right to left, the volume of space in the second hydraulic chamber 2 will also increase synchronously. Therefore, only the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 change in the entire hydraulic damping unit. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional areas of the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 are designed to be equal. Therefore, the liquid changes in the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 form the characteristic of completely equal volume and opposite increments. When the linear drive device returns, it also follows the above characteristics, thus saving a lot of redundant mechanisms. Furthermore, due to the incompressibility of the flow regulating component 8 and the hydraulic medium, the function of constant and adjustable speed is realized throughout the entire working cycle.
[0036] Furthermore, the sealing structure of the first hydraulic chamber 1 or the second hydraulic chamber 2 is equipped with a small amount of elastic compensation margin or pressure compensation space to absorb the thermal expansion volume of the hydraulic medium due to temperature rise.
[0037] The embodiments of this application have the following advantages: Extremely high integration and standard interchangeability: Through the "equal volume replacement" design, the volume compensation mechanism is eliminated, so that the entire hydraulic damping system can be fully accommodated in the standard size hydraulic rod. Users can directly replace the existing standard cylinder without modifying the equipment installation dimensions.
[0038] Purely mechanical high-precision constant speed: No sensors or circuit control are required. It can achieve smooth speed control comparable to hydraulic cylinders / electric cylinders based solely on the principles of fluid mechanics, completely solving the problems of low-speed crawling and vibration of cylinders.
[0039] High reliability and maintenance-free: The closed-loop hydraulic system is completely isolated from the external environment, and the oil-gas separation design avoids oil emulsification and contamination.
[0040] In Embodiment 2 of this application, the stroke of the linear drive device can be controlled by an external limit switch or a time-delayed electronic control adjustment, eliminating the need for a mechanism in a traditional stroke-adjustable cylinder that can only be manually adjusted.
[0041] In Embodiment 2 of this application, a ventilation chamber 12 is provided at the tail of the first fixed hydraulic rod body 5. Specifically, in this configuration, a ventilation chamber 12 communicating with the atmosphere is provided in the non-hydraulic cavity area inside the hydraulic rod. The ventilation chamber 12 can communicate with the atmosphere through micropores, balancing the pressure but not participating in hydraulic operation. The ventilation chamber 12 is used to eliminate the air pressure fluctuation resistance generated when the driven part moves, prevent vacuum or back pressure from hindering the movement, and solve the problem of gas compression in the closed cavity.
[0042] In the second embodiment of this application, the flow regulating component 8 includes an adjustable flow valve, which extends and is installed outside the cylinder body 9, or the adjustable flow valve is integrally embedded in the rear end cover 11.
[0043] In order to prevent accidental activation on site, the adjustable flow valve in Embodiment 2 of this application can be configured as an embedded design, and the adjustable flow valve can be operated through the adjustment hole on the surface of the rear cover 11.
[0044] Of course, as another embodiment of the flow regulating component 8, the flow regulating component 8 may include an adjustable throttle valve and a drive module. The drive module is connected to the valve core of the adjustable throttle valve and is used to receive external signals and automatically adjust the flow cross-sectional area of the pipeline. The drive module includes, but is not limited to, a proportional solenoid valve, a screw drive assembly, etc.
[0045] The external connection dimensions of Embodiment 2 of this application can be completely referenced from the standard cylinder design. In use, the user only needs to remove the old standard cylinder and replace it with this device to obtain a smooth damping constant speed effect without changing the air circuit and circuit.
[0046] In Embodiment 2 of this application, a position detection unit is further provided inside the cylinder body 9 to monitor the displacement information of the driven component 4 relative to the hydraulic rod in real time. Of course, for scenarios with higher requirements, the position sensor and stepper motor integrated within the hydraulic rod will adjust the speed curve in real time according to the PLC signal.
[0047] Embodiment 2 of this application not only achieves uniform motion throughout the entire process, but also ensures the speed symmetry of the reciprocating motion through the equal cross-sectional area design. The flow regulation component 8 can be externally mounted or embedded in the rear cover 11 to prevent interference. For precision requirements, Embodiment 2 of this application supports the integration of position sensors and drive motors, enabling the low-cost pneumatic system to have servo-like control capabilities.
[0048] This invention achieves extremely high mechanical adaptive constant speed accuracy through equal volume replacement design, combined with incompressible hydraulic medium and flow regulation component 8. Furthermore, after integrating the position detection unit, the device of this invention can cooperate with an external control system (such as PLC) to form a closed-loop feedback. Its motion stability and positioning characteristics can effectively replace the medium and low precision motor closed-loop control system under specific loads, significantly reducing the hardware cost and maintenance threshold of automation equipment.
[0049] Example 3 In Embodiment 3 of this application, a control method based on the aforementioned linear drive device is provided, comprising the following steps: compressed gas is introduced into the pneumatic chamber of the cylinder to drive the driven component 4 to move; the movement of the driven component 4 causes equal and opposite volume changes in the first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2, generating a reciprocating symmetrical physical damping force; the hydraulic medium is pushed through the connecting pipe 3 from one hydraulic chamber to the other; the flow rate of the hydraulic medium is controlled by adjusting the flow cross-sectional area of the connecting pipe 3 using the flow regulating component 8, thereby achieving uniform motion of the driven component 4 throughout its entire movement. Specifically, this embodiment constructs two hydraulic chambers with equal effective cross-sectional areas inside the hydraulic rod, limits the flow rate of the hydraulic medium by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating component 8, and combines the equal area replacement characteristics of the two hydraulic chambers to keep the speed of the hydraulic rod constant, thereby achieving uniform motion throughout the extension and retraction process.
[0050] Example 4 In Embodiment 4 of this application, the linear drive device can also be applied to dual-axis cylinders, guide rod cylinders, and slide cylinders; the type of cylinder is generally not particularly limited. Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the damping mechanism of this application applied to the TN series dual-axis cylinder. The first fixed hydraulic rod and the second fixed hydraulic rod of the damping mechanism are respectively installed on the two main shafts of the TN series dual-axis cylinder. Figure 4 The first hydraulic chamber 1 and the second hydraulic chamber 2 of the damping mechanism are respectively built into the two power pistons of the cylinder. Of course, if the original cylinder base space is insufficient, this embodiment can use an external support installed at the tail of the cylinder as a common reference platform to support the flow regulating component and the two hydraulic rods. The driven component drives the two shafts to move synchronously through the connecting plate at the output end, and the hydraulic oil is replaced at equal volume between the two shafts. This scheme uses the dual-axis symmetry to balance the damping force, and solves the space limitation problem of adding standard parts through the support.
[0051] Example 5 In Embodiment 5 of this application, as Figure 5The damping mechanism of this application is shown to be applied to a guide rod cylinder. The first fixed hydraulic rod and the second fixed hydraulic rod of the damping mechanism are respectively installed on the two guide rods of the guide rod cylinder. The working principle and structure of the damping mechanism have not changed. Only the installation position is adjusted according to the type of cylinder, which shows that the damping mechanism of this application embodiment has strong versatility. Figure 5 This design presents a guide integration and external mounting solution where the damping mechanism is integrated inside a hollow guide rod 13 (or tool holder) parallel to the spindle. Similarly, the guide rod 13 is fixed by a support 14 attached to the bottom of the cylinder, making it independent of the cylinder's original power output path. The driven component drives the guide rod 13 to reciprocate relative to the cylinder under the support of the support 14. This design allows the damping mechanism to be mounted as an independent accessory on any finished cylinder with a guiding function, without disassembling the internal structure of the cylinder, greatly improving the convenience of equipment maintenance and upgrades.
[0052] The damping mechanism of this application has a high degree of installation flexibility. In some embodiments of this application, the damping mechanism does not necessarily have to be built into the main shaft of the drive device. Instead, it can be integrated into the externally parallel guide rod, or externally mounted by an additional support attached to the bottom of the cylinder. This design cleverly solves the problem of limited space at the bottom of the finished cylinder and the inability to directly modify the internal structure, and realizes high-performance damping upgrade without changing the core structure of the original drive device.
[0053] Example 6 In Embodiment Six of this application, an automated device is provided, which includes the aforementioned linear drive device for performing operations requiring constant-speed linear motion. Specifically, in this configuration, Embodiment Three of this application integrates the aforementioned linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system into the automated device (such as an assembly robot, precision feed platform, flexible fixture, etc.) to perform operations requiring high stability of motion, repeatability, or constant speed. Furthermore, in this configuration, when the automated device is working, the linear drive device receives the original pneumatic control signal (such as the on / off state of a solenoid valve), and the internal hydraulic damping system automatically converts the unstable pneumatic output into stable, controllable linear motion. By modifying the original control system logic or adding upper-level computer intervention, performance similar to a hydraulic / electric cylinder can be obtained. This allows for rapid improvement of equipment motion quality by simply replacing the actuators while retaining the original pneumatic control system. The constant-speed characteristic ensures uniform force and no impact during processes such as pressing, gluing, and feeding, improving product yield. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for advanced PLC programming or real-time feedback control, enabling traditional low-cost pneumatic systems to perform high-precision tasks, combining economy and practicality.
[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A damping mechanism, characterized in that: The device includes a hydraulic rod with a accommodating space. A hydraulic damping unit is installed within the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber, a second hydraulic chamber, and connecting pipes. The connecting pipes are connected to the first and second hydraulic chambers respectively. The first and second hydraulic chambers are formed by a sealed connection between the hydraulic rod and the driven component of an external linear drive device. When the driven component of the external linear drive device moves relative to the hydraulic rod, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber. The total volume of the hydraulic medium within the hydraulic damping unit remains constant. A flow regulating component is installed on the connecting pipes.
2. The damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body and a second fixed hydraulic rod body. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cap connected to the rear end of the driven component of the external linear drive device. A first hydraulic cavity is formed between the first fixed hydraulic rod body and the hydraulic end cap, and a second hydraulic cavity is formed between the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component of the external linear drive device. The first fixed hydraulic rod body and the second fixed hydraulic rod body are arranged coaxially nested or arranged in parallel multi-axis displaced configurations.
3. The damping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to the cross-sectional area of the second hydraulic chamber.
4. A linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system, comprising a cylinder, a driven component slidably disposed in the cylinder, and a hydraulic rod slidably connected to the driven component, characterized in that: The hydraulic rod is fixed to the cylinder body and has an accommodating space. A hydraulic damping unit is installed inside the hydraulic rod. The hydraulic damping unit includes a first hydraulic chamber, a second hydraulic chamber, and connecting pipes. The connecting pipes are respectively connected to the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber, and a flow regulating component is installed on the connecting pipes. The first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber are respectively formed by the hydraulic rod and the driven component of an external linear drive device in a sealed connection. When the driven component moves relative to the cylinder body, the volume change of the first hydraulic chamber is equal to the volume change of the second hydraulic chamber, and the total volume of the hydraulic medium in the hydraulic damping unit remains constant.
5. A linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body includes a cylinder body, a front end cap connected to the front end of the cylinder body, and a rear end cap connected to the rear end of the cylinder body. The front end of the driven component slides through the front end cap. The hydraulic rod includes a first fixed hydraulic rod body and a second fixed hydraulic rod body respectively fixed to the rear end cap. The hydraulic damping unit also includes a hydraulic end cap connected to the rear end of the driven component. A first hydraulic cavity is formed between the first fixed hydraulic rod body and the hydraulic end cap, and a second hydraulic cavity is formed between the second hydraulic rod body and the inner wall of the driven component. A ventilation cavity is provided at the tail of the first fixed hydraulic rod body. The first fixed hydraulic rod body and the second fixed hydraulic rod body are coaxially nested or parallel multi-axis displaced arrangement.
6. A linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow regulation assembly includes an adjustable flow valve that extends and is mounted outside the cylinder body. Alternatively, the adjustable flow valve may be integrally embedded within the rear end cover.
7. A linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow regulation component includes an adjustable throttle valve and a drive module. The drive module is connected to the valve core of the adjustable throttle valve and is used to receive external signals and automatically adjust the flow cross-sectional area of the pipeline.
8. A linear drive device with a built-in hydraulic damping system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cylinder body is also equipped with a position detection unit for real-time monitoring of the displacement information of the driven component relative to the hydraulic rod.
9. A control method for a linear drive device according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Compressed gas is introduced into the pneumatic chamber of the cylinder to drive the driven component to move. The movement of the driven component causes the first hydraulic chamber and the second hydraulic chamber to undergo equal and opposite volume changes, generating a symmetrical physical damping force in both directions. Hydraulic medium is propelled through connecting pipes from one hydraulic chamber to another; The flow rate of the hydraulic medium is controlled by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the connecting pipe through the flow regulating component, thereby achieving uniform motion of the driven component throughout the entire process.
10. An automated device, characterized in that: Includes the linear drive device as described in any one of claims 4-8, for performing operations requiring constant-speed linear motion.