Wind turbine generator sliding bearing supporting transmission chain for reducing jerk value based on main shaft gravity center adjustment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, and discloses a wind turbine generator sliding bearing supporting transmission chain capable of reducing jerk value based on main shaft gravity center adjustment, which comprises a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat, a main shaft system, a main shaft guide rail mechanism, a driving mechanism and a gearbox planet carrier, the inner ring is matched with the main shaft guide rail mechanism through the inner ring chute; the driving mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the main shaft, and magnetic blocks are installed on the driving mechanisms and can drive the balance weight ring in a non-contact magnetic driving mode. And the displacement sensor is used for detecting the inclination state of the main shaft and controlling the position of the counterweight ring according to the inclination state. The gravity center of the main shaft is adjusted by moving the counterweight ring, redistribution of counterforce of the front and rear main bearing supports is achieved, and therefore the problems of main shaft inclination, bounce increase and gear box load unbalance caused by too large stress difference are effectively solved, vibration, noise and failure rate of a transmission chain are reduced, and the service life of the transmission chain is prolonged. And the actual service life of the wind turbine generator adopting the sliding bearing as the main bearing support is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power technology, and in particular to a sliding bearing support transmission chain for wind turbine generators based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of addressing global climate change and promoting the development of renewable energy, wind power, as an important way to efficiently develop wind energy, has received increasing attention. In recent years, thanks to continuous support from national policies, my country's wind power industry has developed rapidly, and its installed capacity has ranked first in the world. As wind turbines continue to evolve towards larger megawatts and higher reliability, traditional rolling bearings are gradually facing technical bottlenecks in terms of size, weight, and cost, making it difficult to fully adapt to the future industrialization and high-performance design requirements of wind power. In contrast, sliding bearings, with their advantages of high stability, good compatibility, low manufacturing cost, easy replacement, and compact overall structure, are considered an important path to overcome the key bottlenecks in the transmission systems of next-generation wind turbines. The adoption of all-sliding bearing support technology has become a clear development trend in the wind power field.

[0003] The inventors' research revealed that the application of sliding bearings in wind turbine gearboxes is relatively mature, and the main shaft sliding bearing is gradually being engineered. The application of sliding bearings helps improve the compactness of the unit structure and significantly increases the unit's power density. Simultaneously, the "sliding bearing instead of rolling bearing" technology is currently at a similar development level both domestically and internationally in the wind power field, providing an important opportunity for my country to achieve domestic substitution of key components. However, sliding bearings rely on eccentric operation to create a wedge effect and a hydrodynamic oil film for support. The greater the eccentricity, the greater the oil film's load-bearing capacity. This mechanism leads to a significant tilt of the main shaft during support, resulting in a significant increase in output end runout. This runout further causes severe misalignment between the main shaft and the gearbox input end, leading to uneven load distribution within the gearbox, and consequently, increased transmission chain vibration, increased noise, and decreased reliability. Long-term operation may also increase the gearbox failure rate and shorten the actual service life of the unit. To solve the misalignment problem caused by main shaft runout, this paper proposes a wind turbine transmission chain support scheme based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout. During wind turbine operation, the front and rear main bearings often exhibit inconsistent eccentricities due to differences in load (e.g., the main shaft is downwardly eccentric at the front main bearing position and upwardly eccentric at the rear main bearing position), leading to a significant increase in main shaft tilt and severely impacting the stability and reliability of the wind turbine. Therefore, this invention incorporates an axially movable counterweight on the main shaft, allowing the main shaft center of gravity to be adjusted within a certain range. This controls the load-bearing capacity difference between the front and rear bearings, reducing eccentricity differences and thereby suppressing main shaft runout, improving transmission chain alignment, and enhancing turbine reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout includes a front bearing housing, a main shaft system, a rear bearing housing, a base, a main shaft guide rail mechanism, a drive mechanism, and a gearbox planetary carrier.

[0007] The spindle system can be directly fixed to the planetary carrier of the gearbox, or it can be connected through a coupling; the spindle system includes a spindle, front and rear radial bearings, front and rear thrust bearings, a displacement sensor and a counterweight ring; the spindle guide mechanism includes an annular bracket and a slide rail; the drive mechanism includes a motor, a ball screw, a guide rail, a slider and a magnetic block.

[0008] Furthermore, the front and rear bearing seats of the transmission chain system are rigidly connected to the base by bolts, and the base is fixed to the fan frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the spindle system adopts a configuration of "front and rear dual radial sliding bearings + dual thrust sliding bearings". The front end of the spindle is connected to the blades through a hub, and the rear end of the spindle is connected to the planetary carrier of the gearbox through a coupling or bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the spindle of the spindle system is a hollow spindle, and a stepped shaft is provided near the rear bearing mounting position of the spindle for mounting the front and rear thrust bearing pads.

[0011] Furthermore, the spindle bearings of the spindle system are all segmented sliding bearings, and the bearing surfaces are coated with a PEEK coating.

[0012] Furthermore, the displacement sensor of the spindle system is fixed on the front bearing housing to measure the runout of the front end of the spindle in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the annular bracket of the main spindle guide mechanism is tightly pressed with the main spindle by bolts to ensure that it can rotate synchronously with the main spindle without relative rotation.

[0014] Furthermore, the main spindle guide mechanism has four guide rails arranged parallel to the main spindle axis.

[0015] Furthermore, the counterweight ring consists of upper and lower semicircular rings, with a groove machined on the inner ring to facilitate positioning and axial movement of the counterweight ring. The upper and lower semicircular rings are connected by bolts, allowing the internal groove to cooperate with the slide rail of the main shaft guide mechanism. A ring of magnets is embedded on the outer surface of the counterweight ring, with opposite magnetic poles on both sides (e.g., N pole installed on one side and S pole installed on the other side) for magnetic drive.

[0016] Furthermore, the counterweight ring moves axially along the slide rail on the main shaft guide rail mechanism under the action of the drive mechanism, thereby realizing the adjustment of the center of gravity.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive mechanism drives it to move along the axial direction of the main shaft on the main shaft guide rail mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, a magnetic block is installed on the slider of the drive mechanism, which pushes the counterweight ring through non-contact magnetic force, enabling the counterweight ring to move axially without interfering with the rotation of the main shaft.

[0019] Furthermore, the drive mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft, which can increase the driving force and prevent the counterweight ring from jamming due to bending moment.

[0020] Furthermore, the initial position of the counterweight ring is at the original center of gravity of the spindle system.

[0021] Furthermore, the axial movement direction and stroke of the counterweight ring are determined by the real-time measurement results of the displacement sensor, and closed-loop control is implemented.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] In this invention, the center of gravity of the spindle can be adjusted by moving the counterweight ring left and right along the spindle axis, thereby changing the force state of the spindle, reducing the eccentricity difference between the front and rear bearings, and significantly reducing spindle tilt and runout. For example, when the front end of the spindle tilts downward and the rear end tilts upward, the drive mechanism drives the counterweight ring to move towards the rear end of the spindle on the spindle guide rail. This shifts the center of gravity of the spindle backward, reducing the oil film force difference required by the front and rear main bearings, reducing the eccentricity difference, and decreasing spindle runout.

[0024] In this invention, the main spindle guide rail mechanism is fastened to the main spindle by bolts and rotates synchronously. The slide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the main spindle to ensure that the counterweight ring moves smoothly.

[0025] In this invention, the counterweight ring is controlled axially on the main shaft by a drive mechanism, specifically determined by the actual runout state of the main shaft as measured by a displacement sensor. Because the main shaft is rotating, a magnetic block is mounted on the slider of the drive mechanism, with its magnetic poles opposite to those on the same side of the counterweight ring, achieving non-contact drive of the counterweight ring. This allows for real-time adjustment during fan operation without affecting the normal rotation of the main shaft.

[0026] The drive mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft. This design can improve the driving force on the counterweight ring while avoiding the risk of the counterweight ring getting stuck on the slide rail of the main shaft guide mechanism due to bending moment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft system of the wind turbine generator's fully sliding bearing-supported transmission chain.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight ring structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle guide mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0032] The following are the labeling elements in the diagram: 1. Front bearing housing; 2. Spindle system; 201. Spindle; 202. Front radial sliding bearing; 203. Counterweight ring; 204. Front thrust sliding bearing; 205. Rear thrust sliding bearing; 206. Rear radial sliding bearing; 207. Displacement sensor; 3. Rear bearing housing; 4. Base; 5. Drive mechanism; 501. Motor; 502. Linear guide rail; 503. Ball screw; 504. Pin; 505. Slider; 506. Connecting seat; 507. Magnetic block; 6. Spindle guide rail mechanism; 601. Annular bracket; 602. Slide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions involved in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are covered within the protection scope of this invention.

[0034] Please see Figure 1This invention provides a wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout: The wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain includes a front bearing housing 1, a main shaft system 2, a rear bearing housing 3, a base 4, a drive mechanism 5, a main shaft guide rail mechanism 6, and a gearbox planetary carrier 7. The main shaft system 2 and the gearbox planetary carrier 7 can be connected by a coupling or directly bolted together, neither affecting the content of this invention; the main shaft system 2 is supported by the front bearing housing 1 and the rear bearing housing 3, both bearing housings 1 and 3 are rigidly fixed to the base by bolts, and the base is fixedly connected to the wind turbine frame.

[0035] The spindle system 2 adopts a "dual radial main bearing + dual thrust main bearing" configuration. The dual thrust main bearing is located between the two radial main bearings and close to the rear bearing installation position. The main bearings all adopt a segmented sliding bearing structure, and the bearing surface is covered with a PEEK coating. The inner wall of the bearing housing is used as the bearing working surface for the main bearings. In addition, the laser displacement sensor 207 is installed on the front bearing housing, specifically located directly above the spindle, for real-time monitoring of the spindle tilt status.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 The spindle system of this invention includes a spindle 201, a front radial sliding bearing 202, a counterweight ring 203, a front thrust sliding bearing 204, a rear thrust sliding bearing 205, a rear radial sliding bearing 206, and a laser displacement sensor 207. The spindle sliding bearing pads are all mounted on the outer surface of the spindle 201. This design facilitates both the installation of the spindle system and the replacement and maintenance of the bearing pads. The spindle 201 has a stepped shaft near the rear radial bearing, and the front and rear thrust bearing pads 204 and 205 are respectively mounted on both sides of the stepped shaft to bear external axial loads and part of the overturning moment.

[0037] Please see Figure 2 In this invention, the counterweight ring 203 of the spindle system 2 forms a sliding groove pair with the spindle guide mechanism 6, so that the counterweight ring can move axially along the spindle 201, thereby changing the center of gravity position of the spindle, reducing the difference in support reaction force between the front radial sliding bearing 202 and the rear radial sliding bearing 206, reducing the actual required eccentricity difference between the two bearings, thereby suppressing spindle tilt, effectively reducing spindle runout, and improving the reliability of the transmission chain.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 5The spindle guide mechanism 6 of the present invention is fastened to the spindle 201 with bolts to ensure that there is no relative rotation between the two and to achieve synchronous rotation. The spindle guide mechanism 6 is composed of annular brackets 601 and slide rails 602. There are four annular brackets 601 and four slide rails 602. The annular brackets 601 are provided with lugs and round holes for cooperating with the slide rails 602. The annular brackets 601 are nested on the outer surface of the spindle 201 and are pressed with bolts to ensure that the annular brackets 601 and the spindle 201 can rotate synchronously. When installing the slide rails 602, it should be ensured that they are parallel to the axis of the spindle. It should also be noted that the movable stroke of the counterweight ring 203 in the axial direction of the spindle 201 should be slightly less than the length of the slide rail 602.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The counterweight ring of this invention is assembled from two semi-circular rings 203 for easy installation. The inner circle of the counterweight ring 203 is machined with a groove, the position of which needs to match the spindle guide mechanism 6. The groove provides positioning for the counterweight ring 203 and also serves as a guide for movement. The upper and lower counterweight rings 203 are fixed together as a whole by bolts. It is worth noting that the axial movement of the counterweight ring 203 is achieved using a magnetic non-contact drive: grooves are machined on both sides of the counterweight ring 203 to embed magnets of opposite polarities (one side has an S pole, and the other side has an N pole magnet). During assembly, the polarities on the same side must be identical. Magnetic drive avoids mechanical contact interference with the rotation of the spindle 201, ensuring the normal operation of the spindle 201. Other non-contact drive methods, such as air-bearing drive or hydraulic drive, can also be used here.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4The driving mechanism 5 of this invention includes a motor 501, a linear guide rail 502, a ball screw 503, a pin 504, a slider 505, a connecting seat 506, and a magnetic block 507. The driving mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the base 4. The connecting seat 506 has holes and mounting grooves. One end of the magnetic block 507 is a permanent magnet, and the other end has a connecting hole. After one end of the magnetic block 507 is embedded in the mounting groove, it is fixed by the pin 504. Most of the outer ring of the counterweight ring 203 is located in the magnetic force action area of ​​the magnetic end of the magnetic block 507, so that it is subjected to magnetic force. The lower end of the connecting seat 506 is fixedly connected to the slider 505 by bolts, so that it can move on the ball screw 503 with the slider 505. The motor 501 drives the screw to rotate, which drives the slider and the magnetic block 507 to move axially. When the magnetic blocks 507 and the counterweight ring 203 are installed with corresponding magnetic poles, they are ensured to be of the same polarity on the same side (SS). (or NN) utilizes repulsive force to drive the counterweight ring axially, thereby adjusting the center of gravity of the main spindle 201. Specifically, a laser displacement sensor monitors the spindle runout in real time and feeds the signal back to the background computer for real-time correction of motor displacement commands. Then, the motor 501 drives the ball screw 503 to rotate, which in turn drives the slider to move on the linear guide rail 502. Due to the repulsive force between the counterweight ring 203 and the magnetic block 507, the movement of the slider also synchronously drives the magnetic block to drive the counterweight ring to move axially on the main spindle guide rail mechanism, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the center of gravity of the main spindle and reducing spindle runout. In order to increase the axial thrust on the counterweight ring and eliminate the possibility of the counterweight ring getting stuck on the slide rail 602 due to the existence of torque, the drive mechanism 5 is arranged symmetrically in pairs on both sides of the main spindle 201, and the direction of the magnetic thrust generated by it must be parallel to the axis of the main spindle during installation.

Claims

1. A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout, characterized in that, The system includes a front bearing housing (1), a spindle system (2), a rear bearing housing (3), a base (4), a drive mechanism (5), a spindle guide mechanism (6), and a gearbox planetary carrier (7); the spindle system (2) includes a spindle (201), a front radial sliding bearing (202), a counterweight ring (203), a front thrust sliding bearing (204), a rear thrust sliding bearing (205), a rear radial sliding bearing (206), and a laser displacement sensor (207); the drive mechanism 5 includes a motor (501), a linear guide (502), a ball screw (503), a pin (504), a slider (505), a connecting seat (506), and a magnetic block (507); the spindle guide mechanism (6) includes an annular bracket (601) and a slide rail (602).

2. The wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front bearing housing (1), rear bearing housing (3), drive mechanism (5) and base (4) are all rigidly connected. The base (4) is fixed to the frame. The spindle system (2) and planetary carrier (7) can be connected by coupling or bolt. The slider (505) and connecting seat (506) are fixed by bolt. The connecting seat (506) and magnetic block (507) are connected by groove and pin. The motor (501) and ball screw (503) are connected by coupling.

3. The wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spindle (201) of the spindle system (2) has an internal hollow structure. The spindle (201) is supported radially by front and rear radial sliding bearings (202) and (206) and axially by front and rear thrust sliding bearings (204) and (205). The left end of the spindle (201) is connected to the blade through a hub, and the right end of the spindle (201) is connected to the planetary carrier (7) at the input end of the gearbox.

4. The wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main shaft system (2) has segmented sliding bearings for all its support bearings. The bearing shells are all fixedly installed on the surface of the main shaft. The thrust bearing is installed on the stepped side of the main shaft and is installed closer to the rear radial sliding bearing.

5. A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The transmission chain is not limited to "double main bearing support" and its technology is also applicable to "single main bearing support" transmission chains. The surface of the sliding bearing bush is coated with a layer of composite material (PEEK).

6. The wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight ring (203) is a segmented structure, consisting of a pair of semicircular rings fixed together by bolts, with magnetic blocks installed on both sides. The inner ring of the counterweight ring (203) has a groove, allowing it to move on the slide rail (602).

7. A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The displacement sensor (207) is installed directly above the front bearing housing (1) to monitor the spindle runout in real time and provide real-time feedback to the motor (501) in the drive mechanism (5); the annular bracket (601) is tightly connected to the spindle (201) by bolts, and the annular bracket (601) and the slide rail (602) are fitted with a pin hole transition. After the slide rail (602) is installed, its axis should be parallel to the axis of the spindle (201).

8. A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The drive mechanism (5) is symmetrically installed on both sides of the main shaft (201), and the movement directions of the two sliders (505) are consistent. One end of the magnetic block (507) is a magnetic end, and the magnetic pole direction after installation is opposite to that of the counterweight ring (203). The magnetic forces between the two adjacent magnetic poles are mutually repulsive.

9. A wind turbine sliding bearing support transmission chain based on main shaft center of gravity adjustment to reduce runout, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The movement of the counterweight ring (203) is fed back to the motor (501) by the data measured by the displacement sensor (207), which drives the movement of the slider. Then, the counterweight ring (203) is driven by the mutual repulsion magnetic force between the magnetic block (507) and the counterweight ring (203) to adjust the center of gravity of the main shaft. It should be noted that the driving of the counterweight ring (203) is not limited to magnetic driving. Other forms of non-contact driving (such as hydraulic driving and air flotation driving) should also be included.

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