Verticality measuring device based on laser guiding positioning

Abstract

The invention discloses a verticality measuring device based on laser guiding positioning, and relates to the field of safety monitoring of mechanical equipment, in particular to the verticality measuring device based on laser guiding positioning, which is characterized in that a fixed base can adapt to fixation of surfaces of different materials through a modularized split design, and the verticality measuring device is convenient to use. A gravity self-adaptive universal joint, a laser transmitter and high-precision scales are combined, a measuring device of an A-type universal joint structure and a measuring device of a B-type universal joint structure are provided through modular design, the A-type universal joint is vertically downward after being adsorbed on the top through a base, and the B-type universal joint is vertically downward after being vertically adsorbed through the base. The perpendicularity of the to-be-detected equipment is rapidly and accurately detected by using core components such as gravity self-adaptive laser positioning and a multifunctional measuring plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering measurement technology, specifically to a verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as industrial equipment installation, building structure construction, and mechanical component calibration, verticality is one of the key indicators for measuring the quality of equipment or structure installation. Excessive verticality deviation can lead to unstable equipment operation, uneven stress on the structure, and even safety accidents. Therefore, accurate measurement of verticality is of great significance.

[0003] Currently, commonly used tools for measuring verticality include levels, theodolites, and laser alignment instruments. However, existing technologies have the following shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] (1) Limitations of measuring equipment: Currently, the main equipment used for verticality measurement includes theodolites and total stations. These require ample space and a stable mounting position during the measurement process. When space or position is limited, measurement cannot be performed. Among other inventions for verticality measurement, there are relatively few measurement devices that have been commercialized, and those that have been developed are complex to use, inconvenient to install and measure, and therefore difficult to achieve the goal of convenience.

[0005] (2) Limited Professional Skills of Surveyors: Existing verticality measuring equipment is relatively complex to operate, often requiring surveyors to possess high levels of professional knowledge and skills. Surveyors must not only be familiar with the various operating functions of the equipment but also master certain measurement principles and data processing methods. However, in actual engineering projects, the professional levels of surveyors vary considerably. For some non-professional surveyors, accurately operating the equipment and obtaining precise measurement results presents significant difficulties. This not only increases the difficulty of the measurement work but may also lead to inaccurate measurement results due to improper operation, affecting the accuracy of the equipment's measurements.

[0006] (3) Frequent and complex measurements: In some scenarios where verticality measurements are required frequently, such as equipment installation and commissioning, periodic inspections, etc., the existing measurement methods and equipment operation procedures are quite cumbersome. Each measurement requires a series of tasks such as re-setting up, calibrating and debugging the equipment, which consumes a lot of time and manpower. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning. Through modular design, it provides two types of measuring devices: Type A (suitable for steel surfaces) and Type B (suitable for non-steel surfaces). Utilizing core components such as gravity-adaptive universal joints, laser positioning, and multi-functional measuring plates, it enables rapid and accurate detection of the verticality of the device under test.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: Independent Requirement 1: A verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning, comprising an A-type base, the A-type base being disc-shaped, an A-type vertical universal joint being provided at the upper end of the A-type base, an A-type threaded hole being provided at the upper and lower ends of the A-type vertical universal joint, an A-type central threaded hole being provided on the end face of the A-type base, an A-type bidirectional nut being provided at the connection between the A-type base and the A-type vertical universal joint, the A-type vertical universal joint having a built-in damping structure, which not only ensures the function of automatic vertical downward gravity, but also suppresses the swaying of the universal joint caused by minor vibrations, thus avoiding positional displacement of the laser emitting device due to vibration, an A-type crosshair being provided on the end face of the A-type base, and an A-type strong magnet being provided at the inner end of the A-type base, the A-type strong magnet being used to attract equipment whose fixed point is a steel surface;

[0009] Independent Requirement 2: A verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning, comprising a B-type base, wherein the B-type base is square, and a B-type right-angle universal joint is provided at the upper end of the B-type base. The upper and lower ends of the B-type right-angle universal joint are provided with B-type threaded holes. The end face of the B-type base is provided with a B-type central threaded hole. A B-type bidirectional nut is provided at the connection between the B-type base and the B-type right-angle universal joint. The B-type right-angle universal joint has a built-in damping structure, which ensures the automatic vertical downward function under gravity and suppresses the swaying of the universal joint caused by minor vibrations, thus preventing the laser emitting device from shifting position due to vibration. The end face of the B-type base is provided with B-type crosshairs, and the inner end of the B-type base is provided with a B-type adsorption device. The B-type adsorption device is used to adsorb and fix equipment on non-steel surfaces at the equipment fixing points.

[0010] 2. Further, the upper end of the type A vertical universal joint is provided with a type A laser emitting device, the type A laser emitting device is cylindrical, the lower end of the type A laser emitting device is provided with a type A threaded hole, and the connection between the type A vertical universal joint and the type A laser emitting device is provided with a type A bidirectional nut.

[0011] 3. Furthermore, the inner end of the A-type laser emitting device is provided with an A-type battery and an A-type central laser source. The A-type battery and the A-type central laser source are electrically connected through a wireless power supply module, and the wireless power supply module is integrated into the inner end of the A-type laser emitting device to avoid mechanical interference from the wires to the adaptive vertical downward state.

[0012] 4. Furthermore, the A-type measuring plate is independently installed in the laser projection area at the bottom of the device under test. The A-type measuring plate adopts a full-size design, with its edges extending as scale lines to ensure applicability to measurement needs of devices of different sizes and improve data accuracy. The size and shape of the A-type measuring plate can be adjusted and customized according to the actual shape of the measurement surface of the device under test, exhibiting diverse variability. The A-type vertical universal joint is a gravity-adaptive structure, ensuring that the A-type laser emitting device always remains vertically downward. The A-type measuring plate is embedded with an A-type level bubble, which has a sensitivity of 0.5 mm / m and is used to calibrate the horizontal state of the A-type measuring plate during measurement, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data. The end face of the A-type measuring plate is provided with A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines. The minimum scale of the A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines is 1 mm, covering the requirements of conventional measuring equipment and adapting to the full-size design. In addition, the structural design of the A-type measuring plate is compatible with the installation interface and measurement specifications of existing laser plumb bobs, allowing its use in existing laser plumb bob equipment.

[0013] 5. Furthermore, the A-type measuring plate includes a multi-functional angle structure, which includes: a right angle, an inner right angle, an outer arc angle, and an inner arc angle.

[0014] 6. Further, the front end of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint is provided with a B-type laser emitting device, the B-type laser emitting device is rectangular, the rear end of the B-type laser emitting device is provided with a B-type threaded hole, and the connection between the B-type right-angle steering universal joint and the B-type laser emitting device is provided with a B-type bidirectional nut.

[0015] 7. Further, the inner end of the B-type laser emitting device is provided with a B-type battery, and the inner end of the B-type laser emitting device is provided with a B-type central laser source. The B-type battery and the B-type central laser source are electrically connected through a wireless power supply module, and the wireless power supply module is integrated into the inner end of the B-type laser emitting device to avoid mechanical interference from the wires to the adaptive vertical downward state.

[0016] 8. Further, the B-type measuring plate is independently set in the laser projection area at the bottom of the device under test. The B-type measuring plate is an adjustable structure, which can be cut or modified by the user according to actual usage needs. Its size and shape can be adapted to the measuring surface of different devices under test. It adopts a full-size design, and its edge line serves as an extension of the X / Y axis bidirectional scale line to expand the measuring range and adapt to the measurement needs of different devices. The end face of the B-type measuring plate is provided with B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines. The minimum scale of the B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line is 1mm, and the measuring range covers the measuring range of the device under test. The B-type measuring plate is embedded with a high-precision B-type bubble level for leveling during measurement to ensure that the measuring plate is horizontal, thereby ensuring data accuracy. The B-type measuring plate is compatible with the measurement interface of existing laser plumb bobs through a standardized adaptation structure. It is suitable for this device and can also be adapted to existing laser plumb bob devices. The B-type right-angle steering universal joint is a gravity-adaptive structure, which keeps the B-type laser emitting device always vertically downward.

[0017] 9. Further, the A-type base is attached to the steel surface of the equipment under test by an A-type strong magnet at its inner end. The A-type laser emitting device is connected to the A-type threaded hole at the upper end of the A-type vertical universal joint through the A-type threaded hole two at its lower end, and is tightened with the A-type double-ended nut two. The maximum permissible deviation data of the measuring device is marked on the top of the end face of the A-type base. The A-type measuring plate is placed about 10 cm directly below the A-type laser emitting device (this distance can be freely adjusted according to actual needs). The A-type measuring plate is close to the preset measuring line and the structural surface of the equipment. The A-type laser emitting device is turned on, and it is observed whether the laser emitted by the A-type central laser source at its inner end accurately illuminates the intersection of the 0 mark line of the A-type X / Y axis double-ended scale line on the end face of the A-type measuring plate. If the 0 mark cannot be illuminated due to installation or equipment reasons, the actual position of the current laser illumination is marked as the 0 mark reference of the measuring plate, and subsequent measurements are adjusted accordingly or the size of the measuring plate is fine-tuned.

[0018] Furthermore, the B-type base is tightly adsorbed onto the non-steel surface fixing point of the equipment under test by the B-type adsorption device at its inner end, ensuring a firm adsorption. The B-type laser emitting device is connected to the B-type right-angle universal joint at its rear end via the second B-type threaded hole and the first B-type threaded hole at its front end, and is secured with the second B-type double-acting nut. The maximum permissible deviation data of the measuring device is marked on the top of the end face of the B-type base. The B-type measuring plate is placed approximately 10 cm directly below the B-type laser emitting device (this distance can be adjusted according to actual conditions). (Adjustable to actual needs) Place the B-type measuring plate tightly against the preset or attached measuring lines and structural surfaces of the equipment and facilities on the B-type base. Turn on the B-type laser emitting device and observe whether the laser emitted by the B-type central laser source at its inner end accurately illuminates the intersection of the 0-degree line of the B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale on the end face of the B-type measuring plate. If the 0-degree line cannot be illuminated due to installation or equipment reasons, mark the actual position of the current laser illumination as the 0-degree reference of the measuring plate, and adjust the subsequent measurements or fine-tune the size of the measuring plate accordingly.

[0019] This invention provides a verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Highly adaptable, covering fixed needs in multiple scenarios:

[0021] The A-type base features a strong magnet design: the A-type strong magnet at the inner end allows it to be directly attached to the equipment and facilities fixed points on the steel surface without the need for additional mechanical fixation. It is easy to install and highly stable, and is especially suitable for industrial equipment with steel structures, steel frame structures and other scenarios.

[0022] The vacuum suction cup design of the B-type base: Through the B-type adsorption device set in the inner end, it can be tightly adsorbed onto the fixed point of non-steel surfaces (such as concrete, glass, plastic, etc.), avoiding damage to the surface (such as bolt drilling, coating peeling that may be caused by magnetic adsorption, etc.), and expanding the adaptability of the device to different material surfaces.

[0023] 2. High measurement accuracy and scientific structural design:

[0024] Gravity-adaptive universal joint structure: Both the Type A vertical universal joint and the Type B right-angle steering universal joint are gravity-adaptive structures, which can automatically adjust the angle of the laser emitting device to ensure that the central laser source is always projected vertically downwards. This avoids measurement deviations caused by installation tilt or unevenness of the equipment itself, and significantly improves the accuracy of verticality measurement.

[0025] Laser non-contact measurement: Lasers emitted by Type A and Type B laser emitters are projected onto the measuring plate, enabling non-contact measurement. This avoids the inconvenience or impossibility of traditional measurements using theodolites, total stations, etc., in remote or confined areas. It is particularly useful in situations where it is impossible to use theodolites or total stations in shafts, narrow areas, or internal equipment spaces, or when measuring tall equipment, where theodolites or total stations need to be set up at a distance, causing inconvenience in both setup and measurement.

[0026] 3. Intuitive readings and high degree of functional integration:

[0027] High-precision scale and level bubble coordination: Both the Type A and Type B measuring plates are embedded with a high-sensitivity level bubble (sensitivity 0.5mm / m) to ensure the measuring plate is in a horizontal position. Combined with the X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines (minimum scale 1mm) on the end face, the offset of the laser spot in the X and Y directions (unit: mm) can be read directly, and the total deviation value (√(a)) can be quickly calculated. 2 +b 2 This enables a quantitative assessment of verticality deviation.

[0028] Enhanced adaptability with multi-functional corner structure: The multi-functional corner structure (right angle, inner right angle, outer arc angle and inner arc angle) of the A-type measuring plate can flexibly fit the structural lines of equipment of various shapes such as square columns, angle steel, and cylinders, expanding the contact adaptation range between the measuring plate and the measured surface and avoiding measurement errors caused by shape mismatch.

[0029] 4. Modular design for easy maintenance:

[0030] The detachable threaded and nut structure: the Type A vertical universal joint is connected to the Type A laser emitter via Type A threaded hole one, Type A threaded hole two, and Type A double-acting nut two; the Type B right-angle steering universal joint is connected to the Type B laser emitter via Type B threaded hole one, Type B threaded hole two, and Type B double-acting nut two. This modular design facilitates the disassembly, replacement, and maintenance of components, reducing the equipment's repair costs.

[0031] 5. Comprehensive functions and efficient operation:

[0032] Reference Marking and Quick Judgment: Based on the equipment's maximum allowable deviation, select the measuring plate size. The measuring plate covers the equipment's maximum allowable deviation. Operators can quickly determine whether the verticality is acceptable by observing the maximum allowable deviation on the measuring plate. When the laser beam exceeds the measuring plate's coverage area, it can be quickly determined that the equipment has exceeded the allowable deviation and is therefore unacceptable. When the laser beam is within the data covered by the measuring plate, detailed verticality deviation data can be calculated based on the read data.

[0033] For equipment that requires regular monitoring of verticality changes, this device can be permanently fixed to the equipment after a one-time installation. Subsequently, only the measuring plate needs to be brought to the measuring equipment to directly read the verticality of the measuring equipment.

[0034] Both the top end face of the Type A and Type B bases are marked with the maximum permissible deviation data of the equipment. Operators can directly compare the measured deviation value with the marked maximum permissible value to quickly determine whether the equipment meets the verticality requirements, thus improving the inspection efficiency.

[0035] Split-type A / B design: To meet the different needs of fixing points on steel and non-steel surfaces, two independent devices, type A (strong magnet) and type B (vacuum chuck), are designed respectively. This avoids the functional deficiencies caused by the surface material limitations of a single device and meets the measurement needs of diverse industrial scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, type A;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the overall structure of type A of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Type A measuring plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the B-type of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a plan view of the overall structure of the B-type invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the B-type measuring plate of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1: Application of Type A Verticality Measuring Device in Tower Cranes

[0046] A construction site requires monthly monitoring of the verticality of the tower crane in use. The independent installation height of the tower crane is 60 meters. The monthly monitoring requirements stipulate that the verticality deviation must not exceed 4‰ and the deviation dimension must not exceed 24cm. The fixed point is a steel installation base.

[0047] Install the A-type base: Attach the A-type base 1 to the bottom of the tower crane's slewing section using the A-type strong magnet 15 (the bottom of the tower crane's slewing section is connected to the standard section, which is square steel in shape, and the verticality measurement line is from the top to the bottom of the standard section). Gently shake the base to confirm that it is firmly attached (no risk of slipping or falling off).

[0048] Connect the universal joint: Connect the base 1 and the laser emitting device 3 through the universal joint 2 to ensure that the connection at both ends is firm.

[0049] Connect the laser emitting device: Install the type A laser emitting device 3, and ensure that the type A double nut 14 is tightened to prevent the laser emitting device from loosening due to vibration. At the same time, shake the laser emitting device to ensure that the laser beam is vertically downward under the action of the universal joint, and that the damping effect of the universal joint can quickly stabilize it.

[0050] Calibration and Adjustment: Since the maximum deviation of the tower crane is 24cm, the A-base can be fixed at the bottom of the slewing section, 24cm from the square steel corner of the standard section. Turn on the laser emitting device, place the 44-corner of the measuring plate 4, aligned with the square steel corner, 10cm below the laser beam, and observe whether the laser spot falls at the intersection of the 0 mark of the X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 42 of the A-type. Use this position as the reference directly. If the deviation is large, fine-tune the position of the A-type base to make the laser spot accurately aligned with the 0 mark (or mark the actual spot position as the reference point).

[0051] High-precision measurement: (For tower cranes requiring two measurement directions, two valid measurement data readings are needed. When measuring the east-west direction, corresponding to the X-axis, only the X-axis data is read. When measuring the north-south direction, corresponding to the Y-axis, the valid Y-axis data is read.) First, rotate the tower crane to the north-south verticality measurement position (the jib is in the east-west direction). Place the A-type measuring plate 44 at the bottom of the tower crane. Adjust the A-type level bubble 41 on the A-type measuring plate 4 until the bubble is completely centered (sensitivity 0.5mm / m, ensuring the levelness error of the measuring plate is ≤0.5mm / m). Reactivate the laser emitter and read the X-axis data (if the deviation is 12cm, then the north-south deviation is 12cm / 6000cm = 0.002*1000 = 2‰). Then rotate the tower crane to the east-west verticality measurement position (the crane boom is in the north-south direction). Keep the measuring plate in place and read the Y-axis data (if the deviation is 6cm, then the east-west deviation is 6cm / 6000cm = 0.001*1000 = 1‰). (Then the center deviation of the tower crane is calculated to be √(12...) 2 +6 2 If both the unilateral deviation and the center deviation are less than 4‰, then the verticality of the tower crane can be determined to meet the standard.

[0052] After the Type A verticality measuring device is installed, it can be fixed on a tower crane during use. When subsequent inspections are needed, simply place the measuring plate at the bottom of the device and turn on the laser emitter to directly measure based on the previous inspection data. This allows for quick, convenient, and efficient completion of subsequent periodic measurement work.

[0053] Example 2: Application of Type A Verticality Measuring Device in Monitoring the Verticality of Steel Structure Columns

[0054] Inside a steel plant, the verticality of an 8-meter-high steel structure column needs to be monitored regularly, with the fixing point being the steel base at the bottom of the column.

[0055] Install the A-type base: Attach the A-type base 1 to the center of the steel structure at the top of the column using the A-type strong magnet 15 at the inner end, ensuring a firm attachment (stability can be tested by observing the fit between the base and the steel surface and by slight shaking).

[0056] Connect the laser emitting device: Align the type A threaded hole 31 at the lower end of the type A laser emitting device 3 with the type A threaded hole 21 at the upper end of the type A vertical universal joint 2, screw in the type A double nut 14 and tighten it to ensure a stable connection between the laser emitting device and the universal joint.

[0057] Calibrate the laser projection: Turn on the A-type laser emitting device 3, whose central laser source 33 emits a vertically downward laser beam. Place the A-type measuring plate 4 horizontally on the ground (or a temporary support) approximately 10 cm directly below the laser beam, close to the preset measuring line on the side of the column (a marking line parallel to the column axis). Observe whether the laser spot falls at the intersection of the 0 mark of the A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 42 on the end face of the A-type measuring plate 4; if it is not aligned, fine-tune the position of the A-type base (using the mobility of the strong magnet) until the spot is precisely aligned with the 0 mark (or mark the actual spot position as a reference).

[0058] Measuring verticality: Adjust the type A level bubble 41 on the type A measuring plate 4 until the bubble is centered (ensuring the measuring plate is level), then turn the laser emission device back on and record the coordinate values ​​of the light spot on the X and Y axis scale lines (e.g., X = 0.8 mm, Y = 0.5 mm). Calculate the total deviation value √(0.8 mm) according to the formula. 2 +0.5 2 =0.94mm, which is less than the maximum allowable deviation of 1mm for this equipment (the maximum allowable deviation data marked on the top of the A-type base), so the verticality of the column is deemed to be qualified.

[0059] Example 3: Application of Type B Verticality Measuring Device in Verticality Monitoring of Concrete Structures

[0060] A high-rise building is suspected of having uneven settlement risk and needs to be monitored regularly to check for changes in verticality. The building is 70 meters high and the anchor points are made of non-steel materials.

[0061] Install the B-type base: Press the B-type base 5 onto a flat position on the side of the top of the building (avoiding the exposed steel reinforcement area) through the B-type suction device 55 at the inner end, and start the suction cup air extraction function (built-in micro vacuum pump, controlled by the button on the side of the base) to ensure that the suction cup is in close contact with the concrete surface (without loosening or air leakage).

[0062] Connect the laser emitting device: Align the B-type threaded hole 2 (71) at the rear end of the B-type laser emitting device 7 with the B-type threaded hole 1 61 at the front end of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint 6, screw in the B-type double nut 2 54 and tighten it to ensure that the laser emitting device and the universal joint are firmly connected.

[0063] Calibrate the laser projection: Turn on the Type B laser emitting device 7, whose central laser source 73 emits a vertically downward laser beam. Place the Type B measuring plate 8 horizontally on the ground approximately 10 cm directly below the laser beam, close to the preset measuring line on the side of the building (an ink line parallel to the building's axis). Observe whether the laser spot falls at the intersection of the 0 mark of the Type B X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 81 on the end face of the Type B measuring plate 8; if it is not aligned, fine-tune the position of the Type B base (by slightly moving the suction cup) until the spot is precisely aligned with the 0 mark (or mark the actual spot position as a reference).

[0064] Verticality Measurement: After testing, the measuring plate is placed at the bottom of the building. The B-type bubble level 82 on the B-type measuring plate 8 is adjusted until the bubble is centered (ensuring the measuring plate is level). The laser emission device is turned on again. Due to construction errors in the verticality of the building surface, the coordinate values ​​of the light spot on the X-axis and Y-axis scale lines are recorded for the first time (e.g., X = 1.2cm, Y = -0.7cm). This record is then used. According to the periodic monitoring plan, the verticality is measured a second time. If the coordinate values ​​of the light spot on the X-axis and Y-axis scale lines are still at the initial recorded position (e.g., X = 1.2cm, Y = -0.7cm), the building's verticality has not changed. If the coordinate values ​​of the light spot on the X-axis and Y-axis scale lines change (e.g., X = 2.0cm, Y = -1.5cm), it can be determined that the building's verticality has changed.

[0065] Example 4: Construction Example of Using a Laser-Guided Positioning-Based Verticality Measurement Device (Type A Device for Steel Surface Equipment)

[0066] Type A devices are suitable for attaching to equipment and facilities on steel surfaces for verticality measurement. The installation steps are as follows:

[0067] Install Type A base:

[0068] Select a fixed point on the steel surface of the equipment or facility to be tested, ensuring that the surface is flat and clean.

[0069] Attach the A-type base 1 to the fixing point using the A-type strong magnet 15 at its inner end. During attachment, check that the end face of the A-type base 1 is tightly attached to ensure stability.

[0070] Note: The A-type base 1 is disc-shaped with an A-type crosshair 11 on the end face to assist in initial positioning.

[0071] Connect the Type A laser emitter:

[0072] Align the lower end of the type A vertical universal joint 2 with the type A central threaded hole 12 of the type A base 1 through the type A threaded hole 21, and tighten the connection using the type A double-acting nut 13. Ensure that the universal joint moves freely.

[0073] Connect the type A threaded hole 31 at the lower end of the type A laser emitter 3 to the type A threaded hole 21 at the upper end of the type A vertical universal joint 2, and tighten it with the type A double nut 14. After connection, the type A laser emitter 3 should remain vertically downward. Thanks to the built-in damping structure of the type A vertical universal joint 2, minor vibrations can be suppressed.

[0074] Mark the maximum permissible deviation data:

[0075] On the top end face of the A-type base 1, clearly mark the maximum permissible deviation data (such as perpendicularity tolerance value) of the measuring device for reference in subsequent measurements.

[0076] Place the type A measuring plate:

[0077] Place the Type A measuring plate 4 independently in the laser projection area at the bottom of the device under test, close to the preset measuring line and the structural surface of the device. The Type A measuring plate 4 should be located approximately 10 cm directly below the Type A laser emitting device 3 (this distance can be freely adjusted according to actual needs, such as increasing or decreasing to adapt to site conditions).

[0078] Calibrate the level using the A-type bubble 41 embedded in the A-type measuring plate 4: Adjust the position of the measuring plate to center the bubble and ensure that the measuring plate is level (the sensitivity of the A-type bubble is 0.5 mm / m).

[0079] Note: The Type A measuring plate 4 adopts a full-size design, with the edge lines extending as scale lines. Its end face has Type A X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines 42, with the smallest scale division being 1mm. The measuring plate can be customized according to the shape of the measuring surface of the device under test (such as including right angles, inner right angles, outer arc angles, or inner arc angles).

[0080] Perform measurements and calibrations:

[0081] Turn on the Type A laser emitter 3: The Type A central laser source 33 emits a laser (powered by the Type A battery 32 via the built-in wireless power supply module, avoiding interference from wires).

[0082] Observe whether the laser spot accurately illuminates the intersection of the 0 mark of the A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 42 on the A-type measuring plate 4.

[0083] If the laser point is exactly at the intersection of the 0 mark, the scale value is read directly and compared with the maximum allowable deviation data to determine whether the perpendicularity is qualified.

[0084] If the 0-degree mark cannot be illuminated due to installation or equipment limitations, the actual position of the current laser illumination will be marked as the 0-degree reference for the measuring plate. Subsequent measurements will be based on this reference, or the dimensions of the measuring plate will be fine-tuned (e.g., by adjusting the placement or customizing the measuring plate).

[0085] Record the offset of the laser point on the X / Y axis and calculate the perpendicularity deviation.

[0086] Repeated measurements and adjustments:

[0087] For multiple measurements at multiple points, the Type A base 1 can be moved to other fixed points, and the above steps can be repeated. The Type A measuring plate 4 is compatible with the existing laser plumb line mounting interface, facilitating expanded use.

[0088] Construction Examples of Type B Devices (for Non-Ferrous Surface Equipment)

[0089] Type B devices are suitable for equipment and facilities on non-ferrous surfaces (such as concrete, wood, or plastic surfaces), and are fixed by an adsorption device. The construction steps are as follows:

[0090] Install type B base:

[0091] Select a non-steel surface as the fixing point for the equipment or facility to be tested, ensuring that the surface is flat and dry.

[0092] The B-type base 5 is attached to the fixed point via the B-type adsorption device 55 at its inner end. The B-type adsorption device 55 can be a vacuum suction cup or an adhesive structure to ensure a firm adsorption.

[0093] Note: The B-type base 5 is square, and the end face is provided with a B-type crosshair 51 for auxiliary positioning.

[0094] Connect the Type B laser emitter:

[0095] Align the lower end of the type B right-angle universal joint 6 with the type B central threaded hole 52 of the type B base 5 through the type B threaded hole 61, and tighten the connection using the type B double-acting nut 53.

[0096] Connect the B-type threaded hole 71 at the rear end of the B-type laser emitter 7 to the B-type threaded hole 61 at the front end of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint 6, and tighten it with the B-type double-acting nut 54. The built-in damping structure of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint 6 ensures that the laser device is vertically downward, reducing the impact of vibration.

[0097] Mark the maximum permissible deviation data:

[0098] The maximum permissible deviation data of the measuring device is marked on the top end face of the B-type base 5 as a measurement reference.

[0099] Place the B-type measuring plate:

[0100] Place the B-type measuring plate 8 independently in the laser projection area, close to the preset measuring line or the surface of the equipment structure. The B-type measuring plate 8 is located approximately 10 cm directly below the B-type laser emitting device 7 (distance is adjustable).

[0101] Use the high-precision B-type bubble level 82 embedded in the B-type measuring plate 8 to level the measuring plate and ensure it is horizontal.

[0102] Note: The Type B measuring plate 8 is an adjustable structure, and its shape can be cut or modified according to actual needs to adapt to different measuring surfaces. Its end face is equipped with Type B X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines 81, with a minimum scale of 1mm, covering the measurement range requirements.

[0103] Perform measurements and calibrations:

[0104] Turn on the B-type laser emitting device 7: The B-type central laser source 73 emits a laser (powered by the B-type battery 72 via a wireless power supply module).

[0105] Observe whether the laser spot illuminates the intersection of the 0 mark of the B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 81 on the B-type measuring plate 8.

[0106] If the laser point is at the intersection of the 0-mark, read the offset value directly.

[0107] If not at the 0 scale, mark the actual irradiation point as the 0 scale reference and adjust subsequent measurements or the size of the measuring plate.

[0108] Record the X / Y axis offset and calculate the perpendicularity deviation.

[0109] Repeated measurements and compatibility:

[0110] The Type B measuring plate 8 is compatible with existing laser plumb bobs through a standardized adapter structure and can be used with other equipment. For multiple measurements, move the Type B base 5 and repeat the steps.

[0111] Example 5: Elevator Verticality Measurement

[0112] During elevator installation, the verticality of the guide rails is a key parameter to ensure smooth and safe operation. Traditional methods use plumb lines or optical instruments, but these are easily affected by environmental interference and are cumbersome to operate. This embodiment uses the Type A laser-guided positioning verticality measuring device described in claims 1-5 and 9 to quickly and accurately measure the verticality of the elevator guide rails. The specific steps are as follows:

[0113] First, since elevator guide rails are typically made of steel, an A-type device is selected for measurement. The A-type base 1 is attached to a fixed point at the top of the elevator guide rail using a strong A-type magnet 15 at its inner end. The disc-shaped design of the A-type base 1 ensures a stable fit, and the A-type crosshairs 11 on its end face assist in initial alignment. The A-type vertical universal joint 2 at the upper end of the base has a built-in damping structure that suppresses swaying caused by airflow or minor vibrations within the elevator shaft, ensuring that the laser emitter adapts to vertical downward gravity. The A-type vertical universal joint 2 is secured to the base with an A-type double-acting nut 13 to prevent loosening.

[0114] Next, the type A laser emitter 3 is connected to the type A threaded hole 21 at the upper end of the type A vertical universal joint 2 via its lower type A threaded hole 31, and then secured with a type A double-ended nut 14. The type A laser emitter 3 has a built-in type A battery 32 and a type A central laser source 33, powered by a wireless power supply module, avoiding mechanical interference from wires on the free swing of the universal joint. After the laser is turned on, the type A central laser source 33 emits a vertically downward laser beam.

[0115] At the bottom of the elevator guide rail, the A-type measuring plate 4 is placed independently in the laser projection area, closely adhering to the measuring surface of the guide rail. The A-type measuring plate 4 features a full-size design, with its edges extending as scale lines, adaptable to the measurement needs of elevator guide rails of different specifications. An A-type bubble level 41 is embedded in the measuring plate for leveling: adjusting the position of the measuring plate ensures the bubble is centered and the measuring plate is level. The A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines 42 on the end face of the measuring plate provide a precise reading reference. The A-type measuring plate 4 also incorporates a multi-functional angle structure for easy fitting of the complex contours of the guide rail.

[0116] During measurement, the Type A laser emitting device 3 is fixed to the top of the guide rail, and the laser beam is projected vertically downwards. The Type A measuring plate 4 is placed approximately 10 cm directly below the laser beam, and it is observed whether the laser point accurately illuminates the intersection of the 0-degree mark of the Type A X / Y axis bidirectional scale line 42. If the 0-degree mark cannot be aligned due to installation deviation, the actual laser point position is marked as a temporary 0-degree reference, and subsequent measurements are adjusted accordingly. By reading the coordinates of the laser point on the scale line, the perpendicularity deviation of the guide rail can be calculated. The maximum permissible deviation data marked on the end face of the Type A base 1 can be used as an acceptance standard.

[0117] For non-steel surfaces in elevator shafts, a Type B device can be used. The Type B base 5 is attached to the non-steel surface via a Type B adsorption device 55, and the Type B right-angle universal joint 6 keeps the Type B laser emitter 7 vertically downward, similar to operating a measuring guide rail or related structure. The Type B measuring plate 8 can be cut to fit, ensuring measurement flexibility.

[0118] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning, comprising an A-type base (1), characterized in that: The A-type base (1) is disc-shaped. The upper end of the A-type base (1) is provided with an A-type vertical universal joint (2). The upper and lower ends of the A-type vertical universal joint (2) are provided with an A-type threaded hole (21). The end face of the A-type base (1) is provided with an A-type central threaded hole (12). The connection between the A-type base (1) and the A-type vertical universal joint (2) is provided with an A-type bidirectional nut (13). The A-type vertical universal joint (2) has a built-in damping structure, which not only ensures the function of automatic vertical downward gravity, but also suppresses the swaying of the universal joint caused by small vibrations, and avoids the positional displacement of the laser emitting device caused by vibration. The end face of the A-type base (1) is provided with an A-type cross (11). The inner end of the A-type base (1) is provided with an A-type strong magnet (15). The A-type strong magnet (15) is used to adsorb equipment whose fixed point is a steel surface.

2. A verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning, comprising a B-type base (5), characterized in that: The B-type base (5) is square. The upper end of the B-type base (5) is provided with a B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6). The upper and lower ends of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) are provided with B-type threaded holes (61). The end face of the B-type base (5) is provided with a B-type center threaded hole (52). The connection between the B-type base (5) and the B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) is provided with a B-type bidirectional nut (53). The B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) has a built-in damping structure, which not only ensures the function of automatic vertical downward gravity, but also suppresses the swaying of the universal joint caused by small vibrations, and avoids the positional displacement of the laser emitting device caused by vibration. The end face of the B-type base (5) is provided with a B-type cross (51). The inner end of the B-type base (5) is provided with a B-type adsorption device (55). The B-type adsorption device (55) is used to adsorb and fix equipment on non-steel surfaces at the equipment and facility fixing points.

3. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the A-type vertical universal joint (2) is provided with an A-type laser emitting device (3), which is cylindrical. The lower end of the A-type laser emitting device (3) is provided with an A-type threaded hole (31), and the connection between the A-type vertical universal joint (2) and the A-type laser emitting device (3) is provided with an A-type bidirectional nut (14).

4. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner end of the A-type laser emitting device (3) is provided with an A-type battery (32) and an A-type central laser source (33). The A-type battery (32) and the A-type central laser source (33) are electrically connected through a wireless power supply module, and the wireless power supply module is integrated into the inner end of the A-type laser emitting device (3) to avoid mechanical interference from the wires to the adaptive vertical downward state.

5. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-type measuring plate (4) is independently set in the laser projection area at the bottom of the device under test. The A-type measuring plate (4) adopts a full-size design, and its edge line is extended as a scale line to ensure that it is suitable for the measurement needs of devices of different sizes and to improve the accuracy of data. The size and shape of the A-type measuring plate (4) can be adjusted and customized according to the actual shape of the measurement surface of the device under test, and has a variety of variability. The A-type vertical universal joint (2) is a gravity adaptive structure, so that the A-type laser emitting device (3) always remains vertically downward. The A-type measuring plate (4) is embedded in the A-type level. Bubble (41), the sensitivity of the A-type level bubble (41) is 0.5mm / m, used to calibrate the horizontal state of the A-type measuring plate (4) during measurement to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data; the end face of the A-type measuring plate (4) is provided with A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines (42), the minimum scale of the A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale lines (42) is 1mm, the range covers the requirements of conventional measuring equipment and is compatible with full-size design. In addition, the structural design of the A-type measuring plate (4) is compatible with the installation interface and measurement specifications of existing laser plumb bobs, and can be used in existing laser plumb bob equipment.

6. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The type A measuring plate (4) includes a multi-functional angle structure, which includes: a right angle (43), an inner right angle (44), an outer arc angle (45), and an inner arc angle (46).

7. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) is provided with a B-type laser emitting device (7), which is rectangular. The rear end of the B-type laser emitting device (7) is provided with a B-type threaded hole (71), and the connection between the B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) and the B-type laser emitting device (7) is provided with a B-type bidirectional nut (54).

8. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner end of the B-type laser emitting device (7) is provided with a B-type battery (72) and a B-type central laser source (73). The B-type battery (72) and the B-type central laser source (73) are electrically connected through a wireless power supply module, and the wireless power supply module is integrated into the inner end of the B-type laser emitting device (7) to avoid mechanical interference from the wires to the adaptive vertical downward state.

9. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The B-type measuring plate (8) is independently set in the laser projection area at the bottom of the device under test. The B-type measuring plate (8) is an adjustable structure, which can be cut or modified by the user according to actual needs. Its size and shape can be adapted to the measuring surface of different devices under test. It adopts a full-size design, and its edge line is an extension of the X / Y axis bidirectional scale line to expand the measuring range and be suitable for the measurement needs of different devices. The end face of the B-type measuring plate (8) is provided with B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line (81). The minimum scale of the B-type measuring plate (8) is 1 mm, and the range covers the measurement range of the device under test. The B-type measuring plate (8) is embedded with a high-precision B-type level bubble (82) for leveling during measurement to ensure that the measuring plate is horizontal, thereby ensuring data accuracy. The B-type measuring plate (8) is compatible with the measurement interface of the existing laser plumb line through a standardized adapter structure. It is suitable for this device and can also be adapted to the existing laser plumb line equipment. The B-type right-angle steering universal joint (6) is a gravity adaptive structure, which keeps the B-type laser emitting device (7) always vertically downward.

10. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The A-type base (1) is attached to the steel surface of the equipment under test by an A-type strong magnet (15) at its inner end. The A-type laser emitting device (3) is connected to the A-type threaded hole (21) at the upper end of the A-type vertical universal joint (2) through the A-type threaded hole (31) at its lower end, and is fastened with the A-type double nut (14). The maximum permissible deviation data of the measuring device is marked on the top of the end face of the A-type base (1). The A-type measuring plate (4) is placed about 10 cm directly below the A-type laser emitting device (3) (this distance can be adjusted). According to actual needs, the A-type measuring plate (4) is closely attached to the preset measuring line and the structural surface of the equipment. The A-type laser emitting device (3) is turned on, and it is observed whether the laser emitted by the A-type central laser source (33) at its inner end accurately irradiates the intersection of the 0 scale line of the A-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line (42) on the end face of the A-type measuring plate (4). If the 0 scale cannot be irradiated due to installation or equipment reasons, the actual position of the current laser irradiation is marked as the 0 scale reference of the measuring plate, and the subsequent measurement is adjusted accordingly or the size of the measuring plate is finely adjusted.

11. The verticality measuring device based on laser-guided positioning according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: The B-type base (5) is tightly adsorbed onto the non-steel surface fixing point of the equipment to be tested by the B-type adsorption device (55) at its inner end, ensuring a firm adsorption. The B-type laser emitting device (7) is connected to the B-type right-angle universal joint (6) at its rear end through the second B-type threaded hole (71) and the first B-type threaded hole (61) at its front end, and is fastened with the second B-type double-acting nut (54). The maximum permissible deviation data of the measuring device is marked on the top of the end face of the B-type base (5). The B-type measuring plate (8) is placed about 10 cm directly below the B-type laser emitting device (7). (The distance can be freely adjusted according to actual needs). The B-type measuring plate (8) is placed close to the preset or attached to the measuring line and the structural surface of the equipment and facilities of the B-type base. The B-type laser emitting device (7) is turned on, and it is observed whether the laser emitted by the B-type central laser source (73) at its inner end accurately irradiates the intersection of the 0 scale line of the B-type X / Y axis bidirectional scale line (81) on the end face of the B-type measuring plate (8). If the 0 scale cannot be irradiated due to installation or equipment reasons, the actual position of the current laser irradiation is marked as the 0 scale reference of the measuring plate, and the subsequent measurement or the size of the measuring plate is finely adjusted accordingly.

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