Optical path detection protection method and system for fiber laser
By calculating the dynamic reference value of the fiber laser and combining it with temperature correction, the problems of false alarms and untimely protection caused by fixed thresholds in the optical path detection device of the fiber laser are solved, realizing high-precision optical path protection throughout the entire life cycle and ensuring stable operation and safety of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing optical path detection devices for fiber lasers use fixed thresholds for protection, which cannot adapt to different optical power output ranges and temperature changes, leading to false alarms or failure to trigger protection in a timely manner, which may cause equipment damage and safety hazards.
A dynamic reference value is calculated based on the rated output power and aging degree of the fiber laser, and real-time correction is made in conjunction with temperature parameters. An optical path anomaly is determined by classification to achieve adaptive protection.
It improves the accuracy and reliability of optical path detection, avoids equipment damage and safety risks caused by threshold rigidity, and achieves high-precision protection throughout the entire life cycle.
Smart Images
Figure CN121783500A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of fiber laser control technology, and in particular to a method and system for detecting and protecting the optical path of a fiber laser. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of fiber laser control technology, optical path detection and protection are crucial for ensuring stable equipment operation and personnel safety. Existing fiber lasers generally employ optical path detection devices with fixed threshold values for protection. This is achieved by the optical path detection device converting the optical signal in the optical path into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the control unit. The control unit compares the detected actual electrical signal value with the preset fixed threshold. Only when the actual electrical signal value is less than the fixed threshold does the control unit trigger a shutdown fault indication.
[0003] To ensure the effectiveness of optical path detection across different optical power output ranges, the aforementioned fixed threshold needs to be designed to be relatively small to avoid false alarms. However, this also leads to a drawback: due to external temperature factors or the device reaching its lifespan limit, a significant drop in power may occur, but the actual electrical signal value may still exceed the relatively small fixed threshold, preventing the control unit from triggering fault protection. This situation could not only damage the core components of the laser, causing substantial economic losses, but also endanger the personal safety of operators due to the failure to address optical path anomalies in a timely manner, failing to meet the actual needs of high-precision protection across the entire power range of fiber lasers. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for optical path detection and protection of fiber lasers, comprising the following steps: S1: Set the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser based on the rated output power parameter P and the degree of aging. The greater the degree of aging, the smaller P0 becomes. S2: Real-time acquisition of temperature parameters, and real-time correction of the power reference value P0 based on the temperature parameters to obtain the real-time reference value P0_t; S3: Collect the current power P_t of the fiber laser, compare the current power P_t with the real-time reference value P0_t, and determine whether there is an abnormality in the optical path based on the comparison result; S4: If an abnormality exists, issue an alarm signal; if no abnormality exists, repeat steps S1 to S4 after an interval of Δt.
[0005] Furthermore, in step S1, the calculation expression for the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser, based on the rated output power parameter P and the aging state parameter K, is as follows: P0 = m × P × K, where m is the proportionality coefficient; K = 1 - β × (T_run / T_life)^γ, where a smaller K indicates a greater degree of aging, T_run ≤ T_life, where β is the aging influence factor (0 < β ≤ 1), γ is the nonlinear adjustment index (γ > 0), T_run is the operating time of the fiber laser, and T_life is the expected lifetime of the fiber laser.
[0006] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature parameters include the ambient temperature of the fiber laser (Tem1), the inlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser (Tem2), and the outlet coolant temperature (Tem3).
[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the power reference value P0 is corrected in real time based on the temperature parameter, and the calculation formula for the real-time reference value P0_t is as follows: P0_t=P0×[1+f(ΔTem,Tem_avg)]×g(Tem1); f(ΔTem, Tem_avg) is a correction function based on the coolant temperature rise and average temperature, expressed as: f(ΔTem, Tem_avg)=ω1×(ΔTem-ΔTem_ref)+ω2×(Tem_avg-Tem_avg_ref), ΔTem = Tem3 - Tem2, which is the temperature rise of the coolant; Tem_avg=(Tem2+Tem3) / 2, which is the average temperature of the coolant; ω1 and ω2 are the temperature rise weighting coefficient and the average temperature weighting coefficient, respectively, and |ω1|>|ω2|. ΔTem_ref is the preset standard temperature rise value under rated operating conditions and standard heat dissipation conditions; Tem_avg_ref is the preset standard average coolant temperature reference value; g(Tem1) is the ambient temperature compensation function, and its expression is: g(Tem1)=1+ω3×(Tem1-Tem1_ref), Tem1_ref is the preset standard ambient temperature reference value; ω3 is the weighting coefficient for the influence of ambient temperature, and |ω3|<|ω2|.
[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, If |P_t - P0_t| < A0, then it is determined that there is no exception at present; If A0 < |P_t - P0_t| < A1, then it is determined that there is a slight anomaly. If A1 < |P_t - P0_t|, then a serious anomaly is identified. Here, A0 and A1 represent two decision thresholds, and 0 < A0 < A1.
[0009] To achieve the above method, the present invention also proposes a fiber laser optical path detection and protection system, comprising: The information acquisition module is used to obtain the rated output power parameters and aging degree information of the fiber laser; The reference value calculation module is used to calculate the power reference value based on the rated output power parameters and aging degree information; Temperature acquisition module, used to acquire temperature parameters in real time; A reference value correction module is used to correct the power reference value based on the temperature parameter to obtain a real-time reference value. The power acquisition module is used to acquire the current power of the fiber laser; The fault determination module is used to compare the current power with the real-time reference value and determine whether the optical path is abnormal. The alarm module is used to issue alarm signals when there is an abnormality. The loop control module is used to control each module to work in a loop at preset intervals when there are no abnormalities.
[0010] Furthermore, the information acquisition module includes an accumulated running time acquisition unit and an estimated lifespan storage unit; the reference value calculation module is used to calculate aging state parameters based on the accumulated running time and estimated lifespan, thereby obtaining a power reference value.
[0011] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the ambient temperature, inlet coolant temperature, and outlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser.
[0012] Furthermore, the reference value correction module is used to calculate the coolant temperature rise and average temperature based on the inlet and outlet coolant temperatures, and to correct the power reference value in combination with the ambient temperature to obtain a real-time reference value.
[0013] Furthermore, the fault determination module is used to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the current power and the real-time reference value, and based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and a preset threshold, to determine whether the optical path is normal, slightly abnormal, or severely abnormal.
[0014] This invention calculates an initial reference value based on rated power and aging degree, which changes synchronously with laser performance degradation. A temperature parameter is introduced to correct the initial reference value in real time, resulting in a real-time reference value that adjusts to environmental and operating temperature fluctuations, reducing temperature interference with the detection signal. Through these two dynamic adjustments, the reference value used for comparison always accurately reflects the laser's expected output level under current aging and temperature conditions. When a genuine anomaly occurs in the optical path, a identifiable deviation will appear between the current power and the real-time reference value, accurately triggering protection. This achieves adaptive adjustment throughout the entire lifecycle and under complex operating conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of optical path detection and effectively avoiding equipment damage and safety risks caused by missed anomalies due to threshold rigidity. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a fiber laser optical path detection and protection method according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the composition of a fiber laser optical path detection and protection system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0016] In the field of fiber laser control technology, optical path detection and protection are crucial for ensuring stable equipment operation and personnel safety. Existing fiber lasers generally employ optical path detection devices with fixed threshold values for protection. This is achieved by the optical path detection device converting the optical signal in the optical path into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the control unit. The control unit compares the detected actual electrical signal value with the preset fixed threshold. Only when the actual electrical signal value is less than the fixed threshold does the control unit trigger a shutdown fault indication.
[0017] To ensure the effectiveness of optical path detection across different optical power output ranges, the aforementioned fixed threshold needs to be designed to be relatively small to avoid false alarms. However, this also leads to a drawback: due to external temperature factors or the device reaching its lifespan limit, a significant drop in power may occur, but the actual electrical signal value may still exceed the relatively small fixed threshold, preventing the control unit from triggering fault protection. This situation could not only damage the core components of the laser, causing substantial economic losses, but also endanger the personal safety of operators due to the failure to address optical path anomalies in a timely manner, failing to meet the actual needs of high-precision protection across the entire power range of fiber lasers.
[0018] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for optical path detection and protection of fiber lasers, which aims to provide a dynamic protection threshold and range according to different conditions in order to solve the above problems.
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of this application to enable the reader to better understand this application. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
[0020] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known apparatuses, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.
[0021] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word “comprising” and its variations, such as “including” and “having”, shall be understood to have an open, inclusive meaning, that is, to be interpreted as “including, but not limited to”.
[0022] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the purpose, features, and advantages of this application. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of this application, but are merely for illustrating the essential spirit of the technical solution of this application.
[0023] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearance of "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.
[0024] Specifically, this invention provides a method for detecting and protecting the optical path of a fiber laser, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1: Calculate the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser based on the rated output power parameter P and the degree of aging of the fiber laser, where the greater the degree of aging, the smaller P0 is. S2: Real-time acquisition of temperature parameters, and real-time correction of the power reference value P0 based on the temperature parameters to obtain the real-time reference value P0_t, where t is the acquisition time; S3: Collect the current power P_t of the fiber laser, compare the current power P_t with the real-time reference value P0_t, and determine whether there is an abnormality in the optical path based on the comparison result; S4: If an abnormality exists, issue an alarm signal; if no abnormality exists, repeat steps S1 to S4 after an interval of Δt.
[0025] The power reference value P0 is the normal power reference for the fiber laser under its current aging state. It is determined based on the rated output power parameter P and the degree of aging, rather than using a fixed value. This allows the reference value to fit the actual use state of the laser and avoids the problem that the power may drop due to device aging but still be higher than a fixed threshold, thus failing to trigger protection.
[0026] Generally, the newer the fiber laser, the less adverse the effect on the power reference value P0.
[0027] This invention calculates an initial reference value based on rated power and aging degree, which changes synchronously with laser performance degradation. A temperature parameter is introduced to correct the initial reference value in real time, resulting in a real-time reference value that adjusts to environmental and operating temperature fluctuations, reducing temperature interference with the detection signal. Through these two dynamic adjustments, the reference value used for comparison always accurately reflects the laser's expected output level under current aging and temperature conditions. When a genuine anomaly occurs in the optical path, a identifiable deviation will appear between the current power and the real-time reference value, accurately triggering protection. This achieves adaptive adjustment throughout the entire lifecycle and under complex operating conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of optical path detection and effectively avoiding equipment damage and safety risks caused by missed anomalies due to threshold rigidity.
[0028] Furthermore, in step S1, the calculation expression for the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser, based on the rated output power parameter P and the aging state parameter K, is as follows: P0 = m × P × K, where m is the proportionality coefficient; the smaller the value of K, the more severe the aging, and the lower the final calculated power reference value P0.
[0029] K = 1 - β × (T_run / T_life)^γ, T_run ≤ T_life, where β is the aging effect factor (0 < β ≤ 1), γ is the nonlinear adjustment index (γ > 0), T_run is the operating time of the fiber laser, and T_life is the expected lifetime of the fiber laser.
[0030] Considering that the change in aging degree is not significant in the short term, and therefore K does not change significantly, we can set the aging degree K to remain unchanged for a certain period of time after calculation to avoid repeated calculation in the short term.
[0031] The ratio of running time to expected lifespan, T_run / T_life, directly reflects the proportion of lifespan consumed. The aging impact factor β determines the overall intensity of the aging impact, and the nonlinear adjustment index γ dynamically characterizes the impact of the aging degree. In the early stage of the lifespan, γ is set to a value greater than 1, indicating a small impact; in the late stage of the lifespan, γ is set to a value less than 1, indicating a large impact and performance degradation.
[0032] Furthermore, when the operating time reaches the expected lifespan, a warning signal will be issued directly to prevent overuse.
[0033] Furthermore, in step S2, the temperature parameters include the ambient temperature of the fiber laser (Tem1), the inlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser (Tem2), and the outlet coolant temperature (Tem3).
[0034] Based on the temperature parameter, the power reference value P0 is corrected in real time, and the calculation formula for the real-time reference value P0_t is as follows: P0_t=P0×[1+f(ΔTem,Tem_avg)]×g(Tem1); f(ΔTem, Tem_avg) is a correction function based on the coolant temperature rise and average temperature, expressed as: f(ΔTem, Tem_avg)=ω1×(ΔTem-ΔTem_ref)+ω2×(Tem_avg-Tem_avg_ref), ΔTem = Tem3 - Tem2, which is the temperature rise of the coolant; Tem_avg=(Tem2+Tem3) / 2, which is the average temperature of the coolant; ω1 and ω2 are the temperature rise weighting coefficient and the average temperature weighting coefficient, respectively, and |ω1|>|ω2|. ΔTem_ref is the preset standard temperature rise value under rated operating conditions and standard heat dissipation conditions; Tem_avg_ref is the preset standard average coolant temperature reference value; g(Tem1) is the ambient temperature compensation function, and its expression is: g(Tem1)=1+ω3×(Tem1-Tem1_ref), Tem1_ref is the preset standard ambient temperature reference value; ω3 is the weighting coefficient for the influence of ambient temperature, and |ω3|<|ω2|.
[0035] In the above, the larger the weighting coefficient, the greater the influence.
[0036] Temperature parameters comprehensively reflect the thermal state of the laser's operating environment and the effectiveness of the heat dissipation system, providing comprehensive data for real-time correction and ensuring that the reference value correction more closely matches actual operating conditions. This composite correction formula quantifies the impact of different temperature factors on the power reference value, enabling dynamic and accurate correction of the power reference value. This ensures that the real-time reference value P0_t closely matches the laser's real-time operating state, further improving the accuracy of optical path anomaly detection and avoiding false alarms or missed alarms caused by temperature fluctuations.
[0037] Furthermore, in step S3, If |P_t - P0_t| < A0, then it is determined that there is no exception at present; If A0 < |P_t - P0_t| < A1, then it is determined that there is a slight anomaly. If A1 < |P_t - P0_t|, then a serious anomaly is identified. Where 0 < A0 < A1.
[0038] The two judgment thresholds, A0 and A1, together divide the optical path into three intervals for measuring the state of the optical path. Judging abnormal situations based on the interval range is more reasonable than ordinary fixed threshold judgment.
[0039] By using tiered judgment, different levels of alarm or protection measures can be implemented, improving response flexibility and system reliability. When a minor abnormality is detected, a yellow alarm signal can be issued and uploaded to the cloud platform to alert staff with general priority. When a serious anomaly is detected, a red alarm signal can be issued and uploaded to the cloud platform to alert staff with high priority. If it does not exist, repeat steps S1 to S4 again after the interval time Δt.
[0040] Furthermore, to implement the above method, this invention proposes a fiber laser optical path detection and protection system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The information acquisition module is used to obtain the rated output power parameters and aging degree information of the fiber laser; The reference value calculation module is used to calculate the power reference value based on the rated output power parameters and aging degree information; Temperature acquisition module, used to acquire temperature parameters in real time; A reference value correction module is used to correct the power reference value based on the temperature parameter to obtain a real-time reference value. The power acquisition module is used to acquire the current power of the fiber laser; The fault determination module is used to compare the current power with the real-time reference value and determine whether the optical path is abnormal. The alarm module is used to issue alarm signals when there is an abnormality. The loop control module is used to control each module to work in a loop at preset intervals when there are no abnormalities.
[0041] Furthermore, the information acquisition module includes an accumulated running time acquisition unit and an estimated lifespan storage unit; the reference value calculation module is used to calculate aging state parameters based on the accumulated running time and estimated lifespan, thereby obtaining a power reference value.
[0042] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the ambient temperature, inlet coolant temperature, and outlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser.
[0043] Furthermore, the reference value correction module is used to calculate the coolant temperature rise and average temperature based on the inlet and outlet coolant temperatures, and to correct the power reference value in combination with the ambient temperature to obtain a real-time reference value.
[0044] Furthermore, the fault determination module is used to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the current power and the real-time reference value, and based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and a preset threshold, to determine whether the optical path is normal, slightly abnormal, or severely abnormal.
[0045] The solutions provided by the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to in the method section. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
[0046] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
[0047] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
Claims
1. A method for detecting and protecting the optical path of a fiber laser, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Set the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser based on the rated output power parameter P and the degree of aging. The greater the degree of aging, the smaller P0 becomes. S2: Real-time acquisition of temperature parameters, and real-time correction of the power reference value P0 based on the temperature parameters to obtain the real-time reference value P0_t; S3: Collect the current power P_t of the fiber laser, compare the current power P_t with the real-time reference value P0_t, and determine whether there is an abnormality in the optical path based on the comparison result; S4: If an abnormality exists, issue an alarm signal; if no abnormality exists, repeat steps S1 to S4 after an interval of Δt.
2. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the calculation expression for the power reference value P0 of the fiber laser, based on the rated output power parameter P and the aging state parameter K, is as follows: P0 = m × P × K, where m is the proportionality coefficient; K = 1 - β × (T_run / T_life)^γ, where a smaller K indicates a greater degree of aging, T_run ≤ T_life, where β is the aging influence factor (0 < β ≤ 1), γ is the nonlinear adjustment index (γ > 0), T_run is the operating time of the fiber laser, and T_life is the expected lifetime of the fiber laser.
3. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the temperature parameters include the ambient temperature of the fiber laser (Tem1), the inlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser (Tem2), and the outlet coolant temperature (Tem3).
4. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the power reference value P0 is corrected in real time based on the temperature parameter, and the calculation formula for the real-time reference value P0_t is as follows: P0_t=P0×[1+f(ΔTem,Tem_avg)]×g(Tem1); f(ΔTem, Tem_avg) is a correction function based on the coolant temperature rise and average temperature, expressed as: f(ΔTem, Tem_avg)=ω1×(ΔTem-ΔTem_ref)+ω2×(Tem_avg-Tem_avg_ref), ΔTem = Tem3 - Tem2, which is the temperature rise of the coolant; Tem_avg=(Tem2+Tem3) / 2, which is the average temperature of the coolant; ω1 and ω2 are the temperature rise weighting coefficient and the average temperature weighting coefficient, respectively, and |ω1|>|ω2|. ΔTem_ref is the preset standard temperature rise value under rated operating conditions and standard heat dissipation conditions; Tem_avg_ref is the preset standard average coolant temperature reference value; g(Tem1) is the ambient temperature compensation function, and its expression is: g(Tem1)=1+ω3×(Tem1-Tem1_ref), Tem1_ref is the preset standard ambient temperature reference value; ω3 is the weighting coefficient for the influence of ambient temperature, and |ω3|<|ω2|.
5. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, If |P_t - P0_t| < A0, then it is determined that there is no exception at present; If A0 < |P_t - P0_t| < A1, then it is determined that there is a slight anomaly. If A1 < |P_t - P0_t|, then a serious anomaly is identified. Here, A0 and A1 represent two decision thresholds, and 0 < A0 < A1.
6. A fiber laser optical path detection and protection system, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition module is used to obtain the rated output power parameters and aging degree information of the fiber laser; The reference value calculation module is used to calculate the power reference value based on the rated output power parameters and aging degree information; Temperature acquisition module, used to acquire temperature parameters in real time; A reference value correction module is used to correct the power reference value based on the temperature parameter to obtain a real-time reference value. The power acquisition module is used to acquire the current power of the fiber laser; The fault determination module is used to compare the current power with the real-time reference value and determine whether the optical path is abnormal. The alarm module is used to issue alarm signals when there is an abnormality. The loop control module is used to control each module to work in a loop at preset intervals when there are no abnormalities.
7. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The information acquisition module includes an operating time acquisition unit and an expected lifespan storage unit; the benchmark value calculation module is used to calculate aging state parameters based on the operating time and expected lifespan, and then obtain the power benchmark value.
8. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition module is used to acquire the ambient temperature, inlet coolant temperature, and outlet coolant temperature of the fiber laser.
9. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reference value correction module is used to calculate the coolant temperature rise and average temperature based on the inlet and outlet coolant temperatures, and to correct the power reference value in combination with the ambient temperature to obtain the real-time reference value.
10. The fiber laser optical path detection and protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fault determination module is used to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the current power and the real-time reference value. Based on the relationship between the absolute value of the difference and a preset threshold, it determines whether the optical path is normal, slightly abnormal, or severely abnormal.