Electric two-wheeled vehicle battery replacement online identification system and identification method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electric two-wheeled vehicle battery replacement online identification system and an identification method thereof, and belongs to the field of lithium ion battery monitoring and management. The electric two-wheeled vehicle battery system serves as a signal source, and voltage, current, temperature and other multivariate operation data are transmitted to the data detection module so as to achieve real-time collection of the operation state of a battery. The control unit carries out processing and characteristic parameter analysis on the collected key signals, and compares the collected key signals with a historical database so as to judge whether a battery cell replacement behavior occurs or not. And when the replacement abnormity is detected, the micro-control unit generates alarm information and sends the alarm information to a remote platform through the wireless communication module. According to the invention, through multi-dimensional data acquisition and intelligent comparison of the battery operation parameters, high-precision identification of the replacement behavior of the electric two-wheeled vehicle battery cell is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention provides an online identification system and method for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles, belonging to the field of lithium-ion battery monitoring and management. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing prevalence of electric two-wheelers in urban transportation and logistics, battery swapping has become widely adopted due to its convenience and efficiency. However, due to factors such as high battery costs and stringent safety requirements, illegal battery replacement and theft are frequent occurrences under this model, leading to asset loss, distorted operational data, and safety risks. Existing battery anti-replacement technologies mostly rely on a unique ID recorded by a chip embedded in the battery or identification via physical tags such as QR codes and barcodes. However, these methods are vulnerable to physical tags being easily copied and replaced, and chip IDs being susceptible to cracking and cloning. Therefore, they are insufficient in terms of anti-counterfeiting reliability, real-time performance, and adaptability to complex usage environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an online identification system and method for battery replacement in electric two-wheelers. By analyzing battery characteristic parameters, the system identifies the cells to be replaced, supporting cell-level replacement identification for electric two-wheelers.

[0004] The main features of this invention are as follows:

[0005] (1) Accurate identification and replacement based on cell operation characteristics: By collecting multi-dimensional signals such as voltage, internal resistance, capacity, and temperature response, a cell characteristic parameter database is constructed to achieve high-precision and anti-counterfeiting identification of battery replacement behavior.

[0006] (2) Real-time online detection and immediate alarm: The microprocessor continuously monitors and analyzes the data, and uploads it to the remote platform in conjunction with the wireless communication module. The alarm is triggered as soon as the replacement behavior is detected to ensure operational safety.

[0007] (3) The low-cost and large-scale deployment recognition algorithm can run on conventional MCUs and existing sensors without the need to add dedicated anti-counterfeiting hardware, reducing costs and facilitating rapid promotion in large-scale operation scenarios.

[0008] This invention proposes an online identification system for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles, including a data detection module, a microcontroller unit, and a wireless communication module.

[0009] The battery system of the electric two-wheeler acts as a signal source, transmitting multiple operating data such as voltage, current, and temperature to the data detection module to achieve real-time acquisition of the battery's operating status.

[0010] The microcontroller unit includes a feature parameter calculation module and a battery replacement online identification algorithm module. The microcontroller unit processes the collected key signals and analyzes the feature parameters, comparing them with a historical database to determine whether battery cell replacement has occurred. When an abnormal replacement is detected, the microcontroller unit generates an alarm message and sends it to a remote platform via a wireless communication module.

[0011] The online identification method for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles includes the following process:

[0012] The online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheelers first collects key operating parameters such as voltage, current and temperature from the battery system of electric two-wheelers in real time, and performs preprocessing such as filtering, noise reduction and formatting on these multi-dimensional signals.

[0013] Subsequently, the microcontroller calculates cell characteristic parameters from the preprocessed data, including remaining charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), impedance, capacity, and consistency, and uses these parameters for judgment by the online battery replacement identification algorithm module. When the online battery replacement identification algorithm module detects cell replacement or confirms battery identity, it stores the identification result and updates the local historical database to ensure the continuity and traceability of the characteristic parameters. Finally, the system sends the generated alarm information to a remote platform via wireless communication.

[0014] Specifically, the online battery replacement identification system for electric two-wheelers calculates the battery's remaining charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), impedance, capacity, and key consistency parameters by collecting real-time data such as voltage, current, and temperature. The comparison with a historical database is performed by a microcontroller unit with a built-in local identification algorithm. Specifically, the remaining charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) are calculated using Kalman filtering; battery impedance is calculated based on current step changes; charge / discharge capacity is calculated based on ampere-hour integration; and consistency parameters include the voltage, temperature, capacity, and impedance of each cell, and their standard deviations are calculated to identify outlier cells.

[0015] For the online battery replacement identification algorithm module, the system first performs multi-dimensional matching of each cell's latest calculated feature parameters with its baseline feature set in the historical database. This includes checking whether each parameter is within the normal fluctuation range of the feature parameter threshold interval, diagnosing the alignment of feature parameter change trends with historical consistency trends, and evaluating the feature weight similarity by comprehensively considering the similarity scores obtained from the differences of multiple parameters. When the matching result reaches the set similarity threshold or all key parameters are within the allowable tolerance range, the system determines it to be the original cell and updates the historical database to reflect the latest status. If the matching degree is lower than the threshold or the parameter deviation exceeds the limit range, it is determined to be a replacement cell, an alarm message is generated and pushed to the remote platform via the wireless communication module for timely handling by maintenance personnel.

[0016] This invention achieves high-precision identification of battery cell replacement in electric two-wheelers through multi-dimensional data acquisition and intelligent comparison of battery operating parameters (including SOC, SOH, temperature, impedance, voltage, etc.). Compared to traditional anti-replacement methods based on IDs or physical tags, this invention requires no additional anti-counterfeiting hardware and relies on the battery cell's operating characteristic parameters, resulting in stronger and more resistant to counterfeiting. The system completes data processing and comparison calculations in the local MCU, generating an alarm the instant a replacement occurs and reporting it wirelessly to a remote platform, significantly improving detection real-time performance and response speed. Overall, this solution achieves low-cost, highly reliable, and scalable battery anti-replacement and safety monitoring functions, providing technical support for the intelligent management and safe operation of electric two-wheelers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheeled vehicles according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a data flow diagram of the online battery replacement identification algorithm module of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a functional flowchart of the online battery replacement identification algorithm module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This invention proposes an online identification system for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this system supports the replacement and identification of battery cells in electric two-wheelers. The system mainly includes a data detection module, a microcontroller unit (MCU), and a wireless communication module.

[0021] The battery system of the electric two-wheeler acts as a signal source, transmitting multiple operating data such as voltage, current, and temperature to the data detection module to achieve real-time acquisition of the battery's operating status.

[0022] The microcontroller unit (MCU) includes a feature parameter calculation module and a battery replacement online identification algorithm module. The MCU processes and analyzes the collected key signals and feature parameters, comparing them with a historical database to determine if battery cell replacement has occurred. When an abnormal replacement is detected, the MCU generates an alarm message and sends it to a remote platform via a wireless communication module. The remote platform receives and records the alarm message and pushes relevant notifications to maintenance personnel or the management system. The entire analysis and calculation process for battery replacement detection is completed locally, enabling rapid response and security protection. The entire system forms a closed loop for anti-replacement measures, encompassing data collection, analysis, and alarm reporting, effectively improving detection real-time performance and operational safety.

[0023] The data flow diagram of the online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheeled vehicles is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the system first collects key operating parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in real time from the electric two-wheeler's battery system, and preprocesses these multi-dimensional signals through filtering, noise reduction, and formatting. Then, the microcontroller unit (MCU) calculates cell characteristic parameters from the preprocessed data, including remaining charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), impedance, capacity, and consistency, and uses these parameters for judgment by the online battery replacement identification algorithm module. When the online battery replacement identification algorithm module detects cell replacement or confirms battery identity, it stores the identification result and updates the local historical database to ensure the continuity and traceability of characteristic parameters. Finally, the system sends the generated alarm information to a remote platform via wireless communication.

[0024] The functional flowchart of the online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheeled vehicles is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the system calculates key characteristic parameters of the battery, such as SOC, SOH, impedance, capacity, and consistency, based on real-time collected data on voltage, current, and temperature. The comparison with the historical database is performed by a microcontroller unit (MCU) with a built-in local identification algorithm. Specifically, SOC and SOH are calculated using Kalman filtering, battery impedance is calculated based on current step changes, charge / discharge capacity is calculated based on ampere-hour integration, and consistency parameters include the voltage, temperature, capacity, and impedance of each cell; their standard deviations are calculated to identify outlier cells. For the online battery replacement identification algorithm module, the system first performs multi-dimensional matching of each cell's latest calculated feature parameters with its baseline feature set in the historical database. This includes checking whether each parameter is within the normal fluctuation range of the feature parameter threshold interval, diagnosing the alignment of feature parameter change trends with historical consistency trends, and evaluating the feature weight similarity by comprehensively considering the similarity score obtained from the differences of multiple parameters. When the matching result reaches the set similarity threshold or all key parameters are within the allowable tolerance range, the system determines it to be the original cell and updates the historical database to reflect the latest status. If the matching degree is lower than the threshold or the parameter deviation exceeds the limit range, it is determined to be a replacement cell, an alarm message is generated and pushed to the remote platform via the wireless communication module for timely handling by maintenance personnel. This process ensures the accuracy of the comparison and the real-time nature of the replacement prevention.

Claims

1. An online identification system for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles, characterized in that, It includes a data detection module, a microcontroller unit, and a wireless communication module; The battery system of the electric two-wheeler acts as a signal source, transmitting multiple operating data such as voltage, current, and temperature to the data detection module to achieve real-time acquisition of the battery's operating status. The microcontroller unit includes a feature parameter calculation module and a battery replacement online identification algorithm module. The microcontroller unit processes the collected key signals and analyzes the feature parameters, and compares them with the historical database to determine whether cell replacement has occurred. When a replacement anomaly is detected, the microcontroller generates an alarm message and sends it to the remote platform via the wireless communication module.

2. An online identification method for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles, characterized in that, The method using the online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheeled vehicles as described in claim 1 The process includes the following: The online identification system for battery replacement of electric two-wheelers first collects key operating parameters such as voltage, current and temperature from the battery system of electric two-wheelers in real time, and performs preprocessing such as filtering, noise reduction and formatting on these multi-dimensional signals; Subsequently, the microcontroller calculates the cell characteristic parameters on the preprocessed data, including remaining charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), impedance, capacity, and consistency, and uses these parameters for judgment by the online battery replacement identification algorithm module. When the online battery replacement identification algorithm module detects cell replacement or confirms the battery identity, it stores the identification result and updates the local historical database to ensure the continuity and traceability of the characteristic parameters. Finally, the system sends the generated alarm information to the remote platform via wireless communication.

3. The online identification method for battery replacement in electric two-wheeled vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, Specifically, the online battery replacement identification system for electric two-wheelers calculates the battery's remaining charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), impedance, capacity, and key consistency parameters by collecting real-time data such as voltage, current, and temperature. The comparison with the historical database is completed by a microcontroller unit with a built-in local identification algorithm. Among these parameters, the remaining charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) are calculated using Kalman filtering, the battery impedance is calculated based on the current step change, the charge / discharge capacity is calculated based on ampere-hour integration, and the consistency parameters include the voltage, temperature, capacity, and impedance of each cell, and their standard deviations are calculated to identify outlier cells. For the online battery replacement identification algorithm module, the system first performs multi-dimensional matching of each cell's latest calculated feature parameters with its baseline feature set in the historical database. This includes checking whether each parameter is within the normal fluctuation range of the feature parameter threshold interval, diagnosing the alignment of feature parameter change trends with historical consistency trends, and evaluating the feature weight similarity by comprehensively considering the similarity scores obtained from the differences of multiple parameters. When the matching result reaches the set similarity threshold or all key parameters are within the allowable tolerance range, the system determines it to be the original cell and updates the historical database to reflect the latest status. If the matching degree is lower than the threshold or the parameter deviation exceeds the limit range, it is determined to be a replacement cell, an alarm message is generated and pushed to the remote platform via the wireless communication module for timely handling by maintenance personnel.

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