Combined type fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite fusion structure for fire alarm detection and early detection, which comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are buckled together, an accommodating space is formed between the upper shell and the lower shell, and the composite fusion structure also comprises an optical detection cavity which is arranged in the accommodating space and is suitable for monitoring smoke particles in ambient air; the pyrolysis particle detection cavity is arranged in the accommodating space and is suitable for monitoring pyrolysis aerosol particles in ambient air; when the pyrolysis particle detection cavity monitors pyrolysis aerosol particles, early warning is carried out; when the pyrolysis particle detection cavity monitors pyrolysis aerosol particles and the optical detection cavity monitors smoke particles, an alarm is given. The fire alarm is suitable for double-light-source detection and pyrolysis particle detection at the same time. When pyrolysis particles are detected by the pyrolysis particle detection cavity, a fire hazard early warning is given out, and then when smoke is detected by the optical detection cavity, a fire hazard alarm is given out, so that the extremely early warning of the fire hazard is realized, and an extremely reliable secondary alarm mechanism is formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fire monitoring technology and relates to fire alarms, particularly a composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure. Background Technology

[0002] When a fire occurs, materials produce a large number of pyrolysis aerosol particles with a diameter of less than 1 micrometer before combustion. Traditional photoelectric smoke detectors are difficult to detect these ultrafine particles effectively, and alarms are usually triggered only after visible smoke has appeared, resulting in a delayed response. Therefore, integrating pyrolysis particle detection with photoelectric detection is an ideal solution, but there are obstacles: the traditional approach is to place the more sensitive pyrolysis particle detector at the front end of the air duct to achieve very early alarms. However, the pyrolysis particle detection unit may disturb the airflow or produce trace amounts of ozone and other substances, which can interfere with the measurement accuracy of the subsequent optical detection unit. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarms that provides accurate monitoring and reliable results.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure includes an upper shell and a lower shell that are snapped together, forming an accommodating space between the upper shell and the lower shell, and further includes:

[0006] An optical detection cavity, set within the containment space, is suitable for monitoring smoke particles in the surrounding air;

[0007] The pyrolysis particle detection chamber is set within the containment space and is suitable for monitoring pyrolysis aerosol particles in the surrounding air.

[0008] When the pyrolysis particle detection chamber detects pyrolysis aerosol particles, it issues an early warning.

[0009] An alarm is triggered when the pyrolysis particle detection chamber detects pyrolysis aerosol particles and the optical detection chamber detects smoke particles.

[0010] In a further embodiment, it also includes:

[0011] The fan is fixed on the lower shell and located upstream of the pyrolysis particle detection chamber, and is suitable for drawing in air and delivering it to the pyrolysis particle detection chamber.

[0012] In a further embodiment, it also includes:

[0013] The flow stabilizing chamber is fixed on the lower shell and located upstream of the fan;

[0014] The fan draws air from the flow stabilization chamber.

[0015] In a further embodiment, it also includes:

[0016] The main control circuit board is fixed inside the upper shell and is connected to the optical detection cavity and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity respectively.

[0017] In a further embodiment, two independent air passages are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the main control circuit board, and both air passages are connected to the outside air;

[0018] The optical detection chamber is located in the upper airway, while the pyrolysis particle detection chamber, flow stabilization chamber, and fan are located in the lower airway.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the flow stabilizing chamber is located at the air inlet end of the lower air passage and is connected to the outside air.

[0020] In a further embodiment, both the optical detection cavity and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity are directly inserted into the main control circuit board via a connector.

[0021] In a further embodiment, it also includes:

[0022] The airflow recombination chamber is fixed on the upper shell and located within the receiving space;

[0023] The air inlet of the airflow recombination chamber is connected to the optical detection chamber, and the air outlet of the airflow recombination chamber is connected to the flow stabilization chamber.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the airflow recombination cavity is also connected to external air, and is adapted to mix and recombine the air flowing through the optical detection cavity with the external air.

[0025] In a further embodiment, an air duct communicating with the outside air is provided within the accommodating space, and both the optical detection cavity and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity are located within the air duct.

[0026] After entering the alarm, the air flows sequentially through the optical detection cavity, the airflow recombination cavity, the flow stabilization cavity, the fan, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. This fire alarm can be equipped with a series-connected air duct, in which an optical detection chamber, an airflow reorganization chamber, a flow stabilization chamber, a fan, and a pyrolysis particle detection chamber are sequentially arranged. The optical detection chamber is fixed upstream of the air duct, and the pyrolysis particle detection chamber is fixed downstream of the air duct, which can minimize interference and improve signal stability. By placing the pyrolysis particle detection chamber, which may generate interference such as corona discharge and ozone, downstream of the air duct, the front-end optical detection chamber is protected from interference, ensuring a pure and stable optical signal. At the same time, the design of the fan located in the middle section of the air duct reduces the disturbance to the airflow in the optical detection area, which is conducive to forming a stable flow field and improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0029] 2. When this fire alarm is equipped with a single gas duct, the unique arrangement of the optical detection cavity and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity naturally supports the two-level logic of "preliminary abnormality alarm → confirmed alarm". The optical detection cavity first captures the preliminary abnormality, and then the pyrolysis particle detection cavity confirms it in depth. This not only retains the early warning capability, but also effectively filters false alarms caused by non-fire factors such as dust and water vapor, improves alarm accuracy, and significantly improves alarm confidence.

[0030] 3. This fire alarm can be equipped with two independent air ducts. The upper air duct houses the optical detection chamber, while the lower air duct houses the flow stabilization chamber, the fan, and the pyrolysis particle detection chamber in sequence. This physically isolated dual independent air duct design ensures that optical detection and pyrolysis particle detection do not interfere with each other, guaranteeing the accuracy of their respective data. Furthermore, the independent air ducts effectively prevent cross-contamination of gases between sensors, extending their service life and laying a precise and reliable hardware foundation for multi-sensor collaborative operation.

[0031] 4. When this fire alarm is equipped with two gas channels, both the optical detection cavity and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity are modularized and directly inserted into the main control circuit board, forming a vertical stacked layout. This makes efficient use of limited space, achieves functional integration and product miniaturization, reduces internal flying wires, improves structural stability and vibration resistance, and facilitates production and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 An exploded view of a composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure;

[0033] Figure 2 One of the side cross-sectional views of a fusion structure for early detection of a composite fire alarm detection system;

[0034] Figure 3 The second side cross-sectional view of a fusion structure for early detection of a composite fire alarm detection system;

[0035] Figure 4 A top view of a composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a flow-stabilizing cavity structure for a composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Upper shell; 2. Optical detection cavity; 3. Main control circuit board; 4. Flow stabilization cavity; 5. Pyrolysis particle detection cavity; 6. Fan; 7. Lower shell; 8. Airflow recombination cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] A fusion structure for early detection in composite fire alarm detection, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, it includes an upper shell 1 and a lower shell 7, which are fastened together; the upper shell 1 is a near-conical structure and the lower shell 7 is a flat-bottomed groove structure, so that an accommodating space is formed between the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 7, and an optical detection cavity 2 and a pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 are arranged in the accommodating space.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, a horizontally arranged main control circuit board 3 is fixedly installed inside the upper shell 1, and the main control circuit board 3 is located in the middle of the accommodating space; the optical detection cavity 2 is located above the main control circuit board 3, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 is located below the main control circuit board 3, and both the optical detection cavity 2 and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 are connected to the main control circuit board 3 by wired or wireless means, which is suitable for acquiring detection results. Furthermore, an air duct is provided within the accommodating space, with the optical detection cavity 2 located upstream of the air duct and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 located downstream of the air duct, and the two are connected in series through the air duct; the air inlet and outlet of the air duct are both connected to the air outside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 7, which is suitable for pyrolysis particle detection and dual-light source detection of the external air; specifically, the airflow direction within the air duct is as follows... Figure 2 As shown by the arrow, by placing the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 downstream of the gas channel, its influence on precise optical measurements is avoided, thus ensuring the purity and stability of the optical signal.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, an airflow recombination chamber 8 is fixedly installed inside the upper shell 1, located on the upper side of the main control circuit board 3. The air inlet of the airflow recombination chamber 8 is connected to the air outlet of the optical detection chamber 2, and the airflow recombination chamber 8 is also connected to the air outside the upper shell 1 and lower shell 7, which is suitable for mixing the air discharged from the optical detection chamber 2 with the fresh air outside to ensure the accuracy of subsequent pyrolysis particle detection. Furthermore, the airflow recombination chamber 8 can be a simple hollow structure, or it can contain guide vanes. A flow stabilizing cavity 4 and a fan 6 are also fixedly installed on the lower shell 7. The air inlet of the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is connected to the air outlet of the airflow recombination cavity 8, and the air outlet of the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 6. The air outlet of the fan 6 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5. The fan 6 draws air from the flow stabilizing cavity 4, creating a negative pressure inside the flow stabilizing cavity 4. Under the action of pressure, the gas enters the flow stabilizing cavity 4 from the airflow recombination cavity 8, thereby controlling the intake flow to be uniform and stable, avoiding the fan 6 directly drawing in air and causing airflow instability in the optical detection cavity 2. While ensuring that the optical detection cavity 2 is not affected, the airflow velocity in this section is increased so that the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 can perform efficient sampling and detection. At the same time, since the fan 6 is located downstream of the optical detection cavity 2, the fan 6 causes less airflow disturbance to the optical detection cavity 2, making it easier to form a stable flow field inside the optical detection cavity 2, which is beneficial to improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Figure 4 As shown, the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is a hollow rectangular structure, and the top of the flow stabilizing cavity 4 has an upwardly protruding tubular structure, which is connected to the airflow recombination cavity 8.

[0043] The optical detection cavity 2 includes a dual-source maze, a dual-source lamp holder, and a maze base. The dual-source maze is a streamlined maze structure with low flow resistance and smooth channels, minimizing airflow obstruction while ensuring light protection performance. Dual-source lamps are fixedly mounted on the dual-source lamp holder. The dual-source lamp holder connects downwards to the dual-source maze, and the dual-source lamps connect upwards to the main control circuit board 3. The dual-source lamp holder and dual-source maze are housed within the maze base, creating an isolation between the dual-source maze and the main control circuit board 3 through the maze base, preventing external air from contaminating the main control circuit board 3. A bracket is fixedly mounted on the lower shell 7, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 is fixedly mounted on the bracket with screws. An opening is formed at the bottom of the lower shell 7, and a ventilation grille is formed on the side of the lower shell 7. The air inlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 connects to the opening, and the air outlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 connects to the ventilation grille. Specifically, the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 includes a laser emitter and a receiver.

[0044] After entering the air duct, the air first enters the optical detection chamber 2. This section relies on autonomous airflow diffusion, providing a stable, low-speed airflow environment conducive to particulate matter settling and light scattering. The air then enters the airflow recombination chamber 8 to mix with external air. The mixed air then enters the flow stabilization chamber 4 for stabilization. The fan 6 actively draws and accelerates the air in the flow stabilization chamber 4, directing it into the pyrolysis particle detection chamber 5 for pyrolysis particle detection. Because the pyrolysis particle detection chamber 5 is more sensitive than the optical detection chamber 2, it can detect pyrolysis particles before combustion. Therefore, when the pyrolysis particle detection chamber 5 detects pyrolysis particles, it first issues a fire warning. Subsequently, when the optical detection chamber 2 detects smoke, it issues a fire alarm, achieving very early fire warning and forming a highly reliable two-stage alarm mechanism. Furthermore, the cooperation between the pyrolysis particle detection chamber 5 and the optical detection chamber 2 can eliminate false alarms caused by environmental factors such as dust and water mist affecting the optical detection chamber 2, improving fire detection accuracy.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] A fusion structure for early detection in composite fire alarm detection, such as Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the device includes an upper shell 1 and a lower shell 7, which are fastened together. The upper shell 1 has a near-conical structure, while the lower shell 7 has a flat-bottomed groove structure, creating a receiving space between the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 7. An optical detection cavity 2 and a pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 are housed within this receiving space. Specifically, a vertically positioned positioning post is formed in the middle of the lower shell 7, suitable for fixing and installing the optical detection cavity 2.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, a horizontally arranged main control circuit board 3 is fixedly installed inside the upper shell 1, and the main control circuit board 3 is located in the middle of the accommodating space, dividing the accommodating space into two independent air channels, upper and lower. The air inlet and outlet of both air channels are connected to the air outside the upper shell 1 and lower shell 7, respectively, which is suitable for dual-light source detection and pyrolysis particle detection. The air flow direction in the air channels is as follows: Figure 3 As indicated by the arrows in the diagram. The optical detection cavity 2 is located within the upper air duct, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 is located within the lower air duct. Both the optical detection cavity 2 and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 are directly inserted into the main control circuit board 3 as modules via connectors, forming a unified whole. This "vertical integration" method greatly simplifies internal wiring and improves assembly efficiency; it also reduces the number of flying wires inside the upper shell 1 and lower shell 7, resulting in a stable and reliable structure with good vibration resistance, facilitating automated production and maintenance. Furthermore, it maximizes the use of space inside the upper shell 1 and lower shell 7, resulting in a compact structure and miniaturization of the product. Specifically, a support column is fixed to the lower shell 7, and the main control circuit board 3 is fixed to the support column. The main control circuit board 3 has a dedicated connector. During installation, the pin headers of the optical detection cavity 2 and the control board of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 are electrically connected via the pin headers. Finally, the upper shell 1 is snapped on, and the upper shell 1 and lower shell 7 are fixed together with bolts.

[0048] A flow stabilizing cavity 4 and a fan 6 are also fixedly installed on the lower shell 7. Both the flow stabilizing cavity 4 and the fan 6 are located in the lower air duct. The air inlet of the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is connected to the air outside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 7. The air outlet of the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 6. The air outlet of the fan 6 is connected to the air inlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5. By drawing air from the flow stabilizing cavity 4 through the fan 6, a negative pressure is formed in the flow stabilizing cavity 4. The gas enters the flow stabilizing cavity 4 under pressure to control the airflow to be uniform and stable, and to avoid the fan 6 directly drawing air, which would cause the airflow of the optical detection cavity 2 to be unstable. While ensuring that the optical detection cavity 2 is not affected, the airflow velocity in this section is increased so that the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 can perform efficient sampling and detection. The optical detection cavity 2 is a pre-packaged module, including a dual-source maze, a dual-source lamp holder, and a maze base. The dual-source maze is a streamlined maze structure with low flow resistance and smooth channels, minimizing airflow obstruction while ensuring light protection. Dual-source lamps are fixedly mounted on the dual-source lamp holder. The dual-source lamp holder connects downwards to the dual-source maze, and the dual-source lamps connect upwards to the main control circuit board 3. The dual-source lamp holder and dual-source maze are housed within the maze base, isolating the dual-source maze and lamp holder from the main control circuit board 3 through the maze base, preventing external air from contaminating the main control circuit board 3. A bracket is fixedly mounted on the lower shell 7, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 is fixedly mounted on the bracket with screws. An opening is formed at the bottom of the lower shell 7, and a ventilation grille is formed on the side of the lower shell 7. The air inlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 connects to the opening, and the air outlet of the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 connects to the ventilation grille. Specifically, the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 includes a laser emitter and a receiver.

[0049] The air in the upper air duct diffuses naturally, providing a stable, low-speed airflow environment for the optical detection cavity 2, which is conducive to particulate matter settling and light scattering. Simultaneously, the fan 6 actively draws in outside air, which then enters the lower air duct and is used for pyrolysis particle detection in the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5. The upper and lower air ducts are physically isolated, avoiding airflow interference between the optical detection cavity 2 and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5, ensuring accurate and stable detection by both ducts. This independent air duct effectively prevents cross-contamination of gases between the two ducts, guaranteeing high detection accuracy. Because the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 is more sensitive than the optical detection cavity 2, it can detect pyrolysis particles before combustion. Therefore, when the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 detects pyrolysis particles, it first issues a fire warning. Subsequently, when the optical detection cavity 2 detects smoke, it issues a fire alarm, achieving very early fire warning and forming a highly reliable two-stage alarm mechanism. In addition, by combining the pyrolysis particle detection cavity 5 and the optical detection cavity 2, false alarms caused by environmental factors such as dust and water mist in the optical detection cavity 2 can be eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of fire detection.

[0050] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A composite fire alarm detection and early detection fusion structure, comprising an upper shell (1) and a lower shell (7) fastened together, wherein an accommodating space is formed between the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (7), characterized in that, Also includes: An optical detection cavity (2) is disposed within the accommodating space and is suitable for monitoring smoke particles in the surrounding air; The pyrolysis particle detection chamber (5) is set in the containment space and is suitable for monitoring pyrolysis aerosol particles in the surrounding air. When the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5) detects pyrolysis aerosol particles, an early warning is issued; When the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5) detects pyrolysis aerosol particles and the optical detection cavity (2) detects smoke particles, an alarm is triggered.

2. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A fan (6) is fixed on the lower shell (7) and located upstream of the pyrolysis particle detection chamber (5), and is adapted to draw in air and deliver it to the pyrolysis particle detection chamber (5).

3. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The flow stabilizing cavity (4) is fixedly mounted on the lower shell (7) and located upstream of the fan (6); The fan (6) draws in the air from the flow stabilizing chamber (4).

4. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: The main control circuit board (3) is fixedly installed in the upper shell (1). The main control circuit board (3) is connected to the optical detection cavity (2) and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5) respectively.

5. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main control circuit board (3) is provided with independent upper and lower air passages on its upper and lower sides, respectively, and both the upper and lower air passages are connected to the outside air; The optical detection cavity (2) is located in the upper airway, and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5), the flow stabilization cavity (4) and the fan (6) are located in the lower airway.

6. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flow stabilizing chamber (4) is located at the air inlet end of the lower air passage, and the flow stabilizing chamber (4) is connected to the outside air.

7. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the optical detection cavity (2) and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5) are directly inserted into the main control circuit board (3) via a connector.

8. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The airflow recombination chamber (8) is fixed on the upper shell (1) and located within the accommodating space; The air inlet of the airflow recombination chamber (8) is connected to the optical detection chamber (2), and the air outlet of the airflow recombination chamber (8) is connected to the flow stabilization chamber (4).

9. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 8, characterized in that, The airflow recombination cavity (8) is also connected to the outside air, and is suitable for mixing and recombinating the air flowing through the optical detection cavity (2) with the outside air.

10. The fusion structure for early detection of composite fire alarm detection according to claim 9, characterized in that, The containment space is provided with an air passage that connects to the outside air, and the optical detection cavity (2) and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5) are both located in the air passage; After entering the alarm, the air flows sequentially through the optical detection cavity (2), the airflow recombination cavity (8), the flow stabilization cavity (4), the fan (6), and the pyrolysis particle detection cavity (5).

Images