Gall bladder drainage plastic bracket for ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of gall bladder drainage stents, in particular to a gall bladder drainage plastic stent for ERCP surgery, which comprises a near-end pigtail section, a middle drainage section and a far-end drainage section which are integrally formed in sequence, the near-end pigtail section is used for remaining in a gall bladder, and friction elements are integrated on the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the near-end pigtail section; the middle drainage section is used for penetrating through a gall bladder tube and a common bile duct, the far-end drainage section is used for being reserved in the duodenum, an air bag reinforcing mechanism is arranged on the middle drainage section, preliminary anchoring is achieved through a pigtail ring structure of the near-end pigtail section, and meanwhile the air bag reinforcing mechanism of the middle drainage section is matched, so that the drainage effect is improved. The inflated annular air bag is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gall bladder tube, an anchoring and attaching dual-fixing mode is formed, external force caused by gastrointestinal peristalsis and bile flow is effectively resisted, the risks of stent displacement and slippage are remarkably reduced, and it is guaranteed that a drainage channel is continuous and smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gallbladder drainage stent technology, specifically to a plastic gallbladder drainage stent for ERCP surgery. Background Technology

[0002] ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) is an important minimally invasive procedure for the clinical treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases. The gallbladder drainage stent, as the core surgical instrument, plays a crucial role in establishing an internal drainage channel between the gallbladder and the digestive tract, rapidly relieving bile stasis, reducing biliary pressure, and thus decreasing the incidence of complications such as cholecystitis and cholangitis. In clinical application, the stability and functional integrity of the drainage stent directly affect the surgical efficacy and patient prognosis.

[0003] Currently, most clinically used gallbladder drainage stents employ a single pigtail design, achieving internal anchorage only through a pigtail loop at one end. However, factors such as normal peristalsis of the human gastrointestinal tract, continuous bile flow, and changes in patient position all exert continuous external force on the stent, leading to insufficient anchorage of the single pigtail structure. This makes the stent prone to displacement, slippage, or torsion, ultimately causing interruption of the drainage channel and preventing normal bile drainage. This not only necessitates a second surgery to adjust the stent's position but may also trigger serious complications such as biliary peritonitis.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing drainage stents only have a single drainage function and cannot effectively treat cholesterol crystals and small stones that have already formed in the gallbladder. If these crystals and stones remain in the gallbladder for a long time, they will gradually deposit and enlarge in the physicochemical environment of bile. This may not only block the stent drainage channel, but also irritate the gallbladder mucosa and cause an inflammatory response, leading to recurrent biliary colic, which seriously affects the patient's treatment outcome and quality of life.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a plastic stent for gallbladder drainage in ERCP surgery to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a plastic stent for gallbladder drainage in ERCP surgery, which solves the problems of insufficient anchoring effect, easy stent displacement, and inability to effectively treat cholesterol crystals and small-diameter stones that have formed in the gallbladder.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An ERCP procedure gallbladder drainage plastic stent includes a proximal pigtail segment, an intermediate drainage segment, and a distal drainage segment integrally formed sequentially. The proximal pigtail segment is placed in the gallbladder, and friction elements are integrated on both the lateral and medial walls of the proximal pigtail segment. The intermediate drainage segment is used to penetrate the cystic duct and the common bile duct. The distal drainage segment is placed in the duodenum. An air-cushioned reinforcement mechanism is provided on the intermediate drainage segment.

[0008] Preferably, the friction element is a medical-grade soft bristle or a blunt small protrusion.

[0009] Preferably, a drain outlet is provided on the distal drain section.

[0010] Preferably, the airbag reinforcement mechanism includes multiple annular airbags fixedly installed on the middle drainage section, with adjacent annular airbags connected by an air guide tube, and an L-shaped tube fixedly connected to the outermost annular airbag.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the L-shaped tube away from the annular airbag is fixedly connected to a hollow sphere, and the other side of the hollow sphere is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a solid baffle ball is rotatably installed inside the hollow sphere, and the solid baffle ball has an air guide hole inside.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the solid ball, and the other end of the rotating shaft rotates through the hollow ball and is fixedly connected to a cylinder. A torsion spring is fixedly connected inside the cylinder, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the hollow ball.

[0014] Preferably, each of the annular air bladders has a through hole parallel to the middle drainage section to facilitate the flow of bile.

[0015] Preferably, the intermediate drainage section consists of a fixed tube and a movable tube, one end of which is slidably inserted into the interior of the fixed tube, and the fixed tube and the movable tube are fixed together by a limiting component.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting component includes a fixed plate fixedly connected inside the fixed tube, the fixed plate having an installation hole inside, a spring fixedly connected inside the installation hole, a limiting rod fixedly connected to one end of the spring, a plurality of limiting holes adapted to the limiting rod inside the fixed tube, the end of the limiting rod away from the spring slidingly through the movable tube and inserted into the inside of one of the limiting holes, and a deformable sheet fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed tube, with the deformable sheet corresponding one-to-one with the limiting hole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Initial anchoring is achieved through the pig tail ring structure in the proximal pig tail section, while the airbag reinforcement mechanism in the middle drainage section ensures that the inflated annular airbag fits tightly against the inner wall of the cystic duct, forming a dual fixation mode of anchoring and fitting. This effectively resists the external forces brought by gastrointestinal peristalsis and bile flow, significantly reducing the risk of stent displacement and slippage, and ensuring the continuous patency of the drainage channel.

[0018] 2. By integrating friction elements on the inner and outer walls of the proximal pig tail segment, cholesterol crystals and small stones attached to the inner wall of the gallbladder can be gently scraped away when the gallbladder contracts, preventing them from depositing and increasing in size, and reducing the possibility of stone blockage and inflammation.

[0019] 3. Through the cooperation between the solid ball stop, air vent and torsion spring, an automatic sealing structure can be formed. After inflation, no additional sealing parts are needed to prevent gas leakage and ensure that the airbag remains in an inflated state for a long time.

[0020] 4. The intermediate drainage section adopts a telescopic structure design with fixed and movable tubes, which can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual length differences of the cystic duct and common bile duct of different patients. There is no need to customize stents of different lengths for patients with different anatomical structures, which greatly improves the clinical applicability of the stent. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate drainage section and the airbag reinforcement mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag reinforcement mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow sphere of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide hole of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the fixed tube and the movable tube of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Proximal pig tail section; 2. Intermediate drainage section; 201. Fixed tube; 202. Movable tube; 203. Fixed plate; 204. Spring; 205. Limiting rod; 206. Limiting hole; 207. Deformable sheet; 3. Distal drainage section; 4. Friction element; 5. Annular airbag; 6. Air guide tube; 7. L-shaped tube; 8. Hollow sphere; 9. Air inlet tube; 10. Solid baffle ball; 11. Air guide hole; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Cylinder; 14. Torsion spring; 15. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following will refer to the appendix. Figures 1 to 5 The various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] An ERCP procedure cholecystoscopic stent includes a proximal pigtail segment 1, an intermediate drainage segment 2, and a distal drainage segment 3, which are integrally formed in sequence. The three segments are continuously connected to form a complete bile drainage channel. The proximal pigtail segment 1 is placed in the gallbladder, the intermediate drainage segment 2 is used to pass through the cystic duct and the common bile duct, and the distal drainage segment 3 is placed in the duodenum. This segmented design can adapt to the anatomical structure of the human biliary and pancreatic system, ensuring precise positioning and installation of the stent.

[0030] Friction elements 4 are integrated on both the lateral and medial walls of the proximal pig tail segment 1. These friction elements 4 are either medical-grade soft bristles or blunt small protrusions, and both types can be selected according to clinical needs. The medical-grade soft bristles are made of a biocompatible elastic material, and their length and hardness have been optimized so that they can effectively scrape off the crystals on the inner wall of the gallbladder during gallbladder movement without scratching the mucosa. The blunt small protrusions are hemispherical and evenly distributed. Through contact and friction with the inner wall of the gallbladder, they can break up small stones and increase the friction between the stent and the inner wall of the gallbladder, thus helping to improve the fixation effect.

[0031] A drainage port is provided on the distal drainage section 3 to allow bile to be continuously discharged.

[0032] An airbag reinforcement mechanism is provided on the intermediate drainage section 2. The airbag reinforcement mechanism includes multiple annular airbags 5 fixedly installed on the intermediate drainage section 2. The annular airbags 5 are made of medical elastic sealing material. The number of them can be set to 2-4 depending on the length of the gallbladder tube. Two adjacent annular airbags 5 are connected by an air guide tube 6. The air guide tube 6 can ensure smooth gas flow, so that all annular airbags 5 are inflated and expanded synchronously to ensure uniform fit.

[0033] Each annular air bladder 5 has a through hole 15 parallel to the middle drainage section 2 to facilitate the flow of bile.

[0034] An L-shaped tube 7 is fixedly connected to the outermost annular airbag 5. A hollow sphere 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the L-shaped tube 7 away from the annular airbag 5. An air inlet pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the other side of the hollow sphere 8. The air inlet pipe 9 is the connection interface of the external inflation pipe, which facilitates the inflation operation.

[0035] A solid baffle ball 10 is rotatably installed inside the hollow sphere 8. The diameter of the solid baffle ball 10 is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow sphere 8 to ensure that the two fit tightly and achieve a seal. An air guide hole 11 is opened inside the solid baffle ball 10. The diameter of the air guide hole 11 is consistent with the inner diameter of the L-shaped tube 7 and the air inlet pipe 9. When the air guide hole 11 is coaxial with the L-shaped tube 7 and the air inlet pipe 9, the gas can pass smoothly into the annular airbag 5.

[0036] A rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the solid ball 10. The other end of the rotating shaft 12 rotates through the hollow sphere 8 and is fixedly connected to the cylinder 13. The connection between the rotating shaft 12 and the hollow sphere 8 is made of a sealed bearing, which ensures smooth rotation and prevents gas leakage. The cylinder 13 is located outside the body, making it easy for medical staff to hold and twist. A torsion spring 14 is fixedly connected inside the cylinder 13. The other end of the torsion spring 14 is fixedly connected to the hollow sphere 8. The torsion spring 14 remains contracted in its natural state, driving the solid ball 10 to rotate to a position where the air guide hole 11 is perpendicular to the L-shaped tube 7 and the air inlet tube 9, thus achieving a seal. When the cylinder 13 is twisted, the torsion spring 14 is twisted and stores force. After being released, it can drive the solid ball 10 to quickly return to its original position.

[0037] The intermediate drainage section 2 consists of a fixed tube 201 and a movable tube 202. One end of the movable tube 202 is slidably inserted into the interior of the fixed tube 201, so that the overall length of the intermediate drainage section 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual anatomical length of the patient's cystic duct and common bile duct, adapting to the individual differences of different patients.

[0038] A fixing plate 203 is fixedly connected inside the fixing tube 201. The fixing plate 203 has mounting holes inside, and a spring 204 is fixedly connected inside the mounting holes. One end of the spring 204 is fixedly connected to a limiting rod 205. Simultaneously, multiple limiting holes 206 adapted to the limiting rod 205 are opened inside the fixing tube 201. The end of the limiting rod 205 away from the spring 204 slides through the movable tube 202 and is inserted into one of the limiting holes 206. Deformable sheets 207 corresponding to the limiting holes 206 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixing tube 201. When the length of the intermediate drainage section 2 needs to be adjusted, medical personnel can press the corresponding deformable sheets 207 on the outer surface of the fixing tube 201 to move the deformable sheets 207 towards the fixing tube 201. The internal recess pushes the limiting rod 205 to compress the spring 204. At this time, the limiting rod 205 disengages from the insertion state of the movable tube 202 and the limiting hole 206. The movable tube 201 can then slide inside the fixed tube 202 to adjust its length. After adjusting to the appropriate length, the deformable sheet 207 is released, the spring 204 returns to its elastic deformation and pushes the limiting rod 205 to pass through the movable tube 202 again and insert it into the corresponding limiting hole 206, thus completing the fixation of the length of the intermediate drainage section 2. The entire adjustment process requires no additional tools and is simple and quick to operate. The deformable sheet 207 is made of medical flexible material, which will not cause irritation or damage to human tissue. At the same time, it can prevent bile, tissue fluid, etc. from entering the limiting hole 206 and causing blockage, ensuring that the limiting component works effectively for a long time.

[0039] Working principle During the surgery, medical staff inserted a stent into the body through an endoscope, leaving the proximal pig tail segment 1 in the gallbladder, the middle drainage segment 2 passing through the cystic duct and common bile duct, and the distal drainage segment 3 placed in the duodenum, completing the initial positioning. Then, the balloon was inflated. The medical staff held and twisted the external cylinder 13, which drove the rotating shaft 12 and the solid retaining ball 10 to rotate 90 degrees synchronously. At this time, the air guide hole 11 inside the solid retaining ball 10 formed a coaxial communication channel with the L-shaped tube 7 and the air inlet tube 9, and the torsion spring 14 was twisted to store force.

[0040] Insert the external inflation tube into the air inlet tube 9 and connect it with the air guide hole 11. Inject an appropriate amount of gas into the annular air bladder 5. The gas enters all the annular air bladders 5 through the air inlet tube 9, the air guide hole 11, the L-shaped tube 7 and the air guide tube 6, so that the annular air bladder 5 expands evenly and fits tightly against the inner wall of the cystic duct. Together with the friction element 4 of the proximal pig tail segment 1, it forms a double fixation to ensure that the stent is stable and does not shift.

[0041] After inflation is complete, the external inflation tube is pulled out. At this time, the torsion spring 14 releases its stored force, which drives the rotating shaft 12 and the solid ball stop 10 to rotate and reset quickly. The air guide hole 11 is perpendicular to the L-shaped tube 7 and the air inlet tube 9. The spherical surface of the solid ball stop 10 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the hollow ball 8 to achieve automatic sealing and prevent gas leakage from the annular airbag 5.

[0042] During the drainage process, bile in the gallbladder enters the intermediate drainage section 2 through the proximal pig tail segment 1. At the same time, the friction element 4 on the proximal pig tail segment 1 scrapes away cholesterol crystals and small stones from the inner wall of the gallbladder when the gallbladder contracts. The crystals and stones pass through the intermediate drainage section 2 along with the bile and are discharged into the duodenum from the drainage port of the distal drainage section 3, thus completing the dual functions of drainage and cleaning.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not describe all details exhaustively, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification.

Claims

1. A plastic stent for gallbladder drainage in ERCP surgery, characterized in that, It includes a proximal pig tail segment (1), an intermediate drainage segment (2) and a distal drainage segment (3) formed in sequence. The proximal pig tail segment (1) is used to be placed in the gallbladder, and friction elements (4) are integrated on both the outer and inner walls of the proximal pig tail segment (1). The intermediate drainage segment (2) is used to pass through the cystic duct and the common bile duct. The distal drainage segment (3) is used to be placed in the duodenum. An airbag reinforcement mechanism is provided on the intermediate drainage segment (2).

2. The gallbladder drainage plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction element (4) is a medical-grade soft bristle or a blunt small protrusion.

3. The gallbladder drainage plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distal drainage section (3) is provided with a drainage port.

4. The gallbladder drainage plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airbag reinforcement mechanism includes multiple annular airbags (5) fixedly installed on the middle drainage section (2). Two adjacent annular airbags (5) are connected by an air guide tube (6). An L-shaped tube (7) is fixedly connected to the outermost annular airbag (5).

5. A cholecystostomy plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The L-shaped tube (7) is fixedly connected to a hollow sphere (8) at one end away from the annular airbag (5), and an air inlet tube (9) is fixedly connected to the other side of the hollow sphere (8).

6. A cholecystostomy stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, A solid baffle ball (10) is rotatably installed inside the hollow sphere (8), and an air guide hole (11) is opened inside the solid baffle ball (10).

7. A cholecystostomy stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the solid ball (10). The other end of the rotating shaft (12) rotates through the hollow ball (8) and is fixedly connected to a cylinder (13). A torsion spring (14) is fixedly connected inside the cylinder (13). The other end of the torsion spring (14) is fixedly connected to the hollow ball (8).

8. A cholecystostomy plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the annular air bladders (5) has a through hole (15) parallel to the middle drainage section (2) to facilitate the flow of bile.

9. A plastic stent for gallbladder drainage in ERCP surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate drainage section (2) consists of a fixed tube (201) and a movable tube (202). One end of the movable tube (202) is slidably inserted into the inside of the fixed tube (201), and the fixed tube (201) and the movable tube (202) are fixed together by a limiting component.

10. A cholecystostomy plastic stent for ERCP surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The limiting component includes a fixed plate (203) fixedly connected inside the fixed tube (201). The fixed plate (203) has an installation hole inside, and a spring (204) is fixedly connected inside the installation hole. One end of the spring (204) is fixedly connected to a limiting rod (205). The fixed tube (201) has multiple limiting holes (206) that are adapted to the limiting rod (205). The end of the limiting rod (205) away from the spring (204) slides through the movable tube (202) and is inserted into one of the limiting holes (206). A deformable sheet (207) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed tube (201), and the deformable sheet (207) corresponds one-to-one with the limiting hole (206).

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