A photocatalytic nanocomposite, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of nanocomposite, and particularly relates to a photocatalytic nanocomposite, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises three steps of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticle preparation, precursor dispersion and in-situ compounding, and has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption and high production efficiency, and can realize efficient and low-cost large-scale preparation of the photocatalytic nanocomposite. The photocatalytic nanocomposite is composed of two kinds of semiconductor photocatalytic materials with staggered energy bands, can not only adjust the light absorption range, but also realize effective separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs by transferring photo-generated electrons and holes to different semiconductor photocatalytic materials. The photo-generated electrons and holes generated by light excitation can make the composite material have strong oxidation-reduction capacity, and can be used for preparing products for adjusting mitochondrial function, so as to accurately interfere with the mitochondrial electron transport chain and realize oxidation of NADH and reduction of cytochrome C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nanocomposite materials technology, and in particular to a photocatalytic nanocomposite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Mitochondria, as the energy metabolism center of cells, are not only the cell's energy factories but also play a crucial role in regulating various cellular functions, including the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the regulation of cell death pathways. Compared to normal cells, cancer cell mitochondria can adaptively adjust their metabolic phenotype to meet the higher energy demands of cancer cells and support the synthesis of macromolecules, thus forming an active yet relatively fragile mitochondrial electron transport chain (Mito-ETC). Studies have shown that interference with Mito-ETC can induce mitochondrial damage and promote cell death. However, existing methods for interfering with Mito-ETC face many challenges, including cancer-related drug resistance, cellular detoxification mechanisms, and severe toxicity to normal tissues. Introducing a photocatalytic system into the mitochondria of cancer cells can, through light-controlled oxidation, induce the oxidation of reduced amide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in mitochondria to oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). + ), while simultaneously adding cytochrome C (Fe 3+ ) is reduced to cytochrome C (Fe) 2+ This process disrupts the Mito-ETC in cancer cells, ultimately leading to mitochondrial damage and triggering apoptosis.

[0003] However, traditional semiconductor catalysts typically suffer from limitations such as high activation energies and rapid electron-hole recombination. Therefore, developing a highly efficient photocatalytic nanocomposite material has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a photocatalytic nanocomposite material; the second objective is to provide a photocatalytic nanocomposite material; and the third objective is to provide an application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material.

[0005] To achieve the first objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for preparing a photocatalytic nanocomposite material includes the following steps:

[0007] S100: Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal reaction using sodium molybdate and glutathione as raw materials.

[0008] S200. The molybdenum disulfide nanoparticle precursor is uniformly dispersed in a solvent to obtain a precursor solution.

[0009] S300. Add soluble copper salt, complexing agent and dispersant to the precursor solution, mix evenly and then add reducing agent. Stir at 40℃~60℃ for 1.5h~2.5h to obtain photocatalytic nanocomposite material.

[0010] The preparation method provided by this invention includes three steps: preparation of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles, dispersion of precursors, and in-situ composite. The process is simple, energy consumption is low, and production efficiency is high, which can realize the efficient and low-cost large-scale preparation of photocatalytic nanocomposites. The raw materials required for the preparation process, such as sodium molybdate, glutathione, and soluble copper salts, are widely available and inexpensive. Glutathione acts as both a sulfur source and a mild reducing agent, making the reaction system non-toxic and harmless. The hydrothermal reaction conditions are mild, requiring no high-temperature calcination or complex equipment, and can directly obtain molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles with good dispersibility and uniform size. The copper-based component is deposited in situ on the surface of MoS2 nanoparticles, and the two-phase interface is in close contact, which can effectively promote the separation and migration of photogenerated carriers, inhibit electron-hole recombination, and significantly improve photocatalytic activity. The reduction and recombination stage only requires 40℃~60℃ and 1.5h~2.5h of reaction, with mild conditions, low energy consumption, and low equipment requirements, making it suitable for industrial scale-up. The addition of complexing agents and dispersants to the system can effectively prevent particle agglomeration, resulting in a composite material with uniform particle size and good dispersibility, which is beneficial to increasing the number of effective active sites in the photocatalytic reaction.

[0011] Preferably, in step S100, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 190℃~210℃ and the reaction time is 12h~36h.

[0012] Preferably, in step S100, the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles is 10 nm to 20 nm.

[0013] Preferably, in step S200, the concentration of the precursor solution is 0.5 mg / mL to 1.5 mg / mL.

[0014] Preferably, in step S300, the complexing agent is selected from sodium citrate.

[0015] Preferably, in step S300, the dispersant is selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0016] Preferably, in step S300, the reducing agent is selected from ascorbic acid.

[0017] To achieve the second objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0018] A photocatalytic nanocomposite material, prepared using any one of the above-described methods, comprises molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles and cuprous oxide, wherein cuprous oxide is loaded on the surface of the molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles.

[0019] The photocatalytic nanocomposite material provided by this invention consists of two semiconductor photocatalysts with interleaved energy bands, exhibiting a MoS2 / Cu2O heterojunction. It not only allows for adjustment of the light absorption range but also enables effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs by transferring photogenerated electrons and holes to different semiconductors. Furthermore, the photogenerated electrons and holes generated by the photoexcitation of the MoS2 / Cu2O heterojunction endow the composite material with strong redox capabilities.

[0020] Preferably, the photocatalytic nanocomposite material has a 0.27 nm and 0.25 nm crystal lattice structure;

[0021] Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction pattern of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material shows characteristic diffraction peaks at 32.8° and 36.5°.

[0022] To achieve the third objective, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0023] An application of a photocatalytic nanocomposite material, using the photocatalytic nanocomposite material to prepare products that regulate mitochondrial function.

[0024] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0025] The photocatalytic nanocomposite material provided by this invention possesses a heterojunction composed of two semiconductor photocatalysts, MoS2 and Cu2O, with an interleaved band structure. Under light excitation, photogenerated electrons and holes are transferred to the surfaces of the two semiconductor photocatalysts, respectively, thereby achieving effective separation of electron-hole pairs, significantly reducing their recombination probability, and greatly improving catalytic efficiency. This composite material maintains high catalytic activity even under weak light conditions, reducing photodamage to normal tissues. This photocatalytic nanocomposite material can be used to regulate mitochondrial function, precisely interfering with the mitochondrial electron transport chain to achieve the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and the reduction of cytochrome C, thereby inducing apoptosis.

[0026] The method for preparing photocatalytic nanocomposite materials provided by this invention uses inexpensive and readily available raw materials, and the reaction system is non-toxic and harmless. The process is simple and the conditions are mild. Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles are prepared in one step by hydrothermal reaction, and the subsequent composite reaction can be completed at low temperature and in a short time. No complicated equipment is required, the parameters are easy to control, and the repeatability is good. The nanocomposite materials are uniformly dispersed, the two-phase interface is tightly bonded, and the photocatalytic performance is excellent. The entire preparation process is concise, energy-efficient, and highly efficient, which is conducive to realizing industrial-scale preparation.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a scanning transmission electron microscope image and elemental mapping image of MoS2 provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a transmission electron microscope image of MoS2 / Cu2O provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a high-resolution transmission electron microscope image of MoS2 / Cu2O provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is an elemental distribution image of MoS2 / Cu2O provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 These are X-ray diffraction patterns of MoS2, Cu2O, and MoS2 / Cu2O provided in the detection examples of this invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a Mott-Schottky curve of MoS2 and Cu2O provided in the detection examples of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 The solid-state ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra of MoS2 and Cu2O provided in the detection examples of this invention are shown.

[0035] Figure 8 These are the ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of MoS2, Cu2O, and MoS2 / Cu2O provided in the detection examples of this invention.

[0036] Figure 9 These are the UV-Vis absorption spectra of the photocatalytic oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) at MoS2-12h, MoS2-24h, MoS2-36h and the blank control provided in the detection examples of this invention.

[0037] Figure 10 The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the photocatalytic oxidation of TMB by MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2 / CuS, and Control provided in the detection examples of this invention are shown.

[0038] Figure 11 The UV-Vis absorption spectra of photocatalytic oxidation of TMB by MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2 and Control provided in the detection examples of this invention are shown.

[0039] Figure 12 The photocatalytic NADH / NAD of MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, and Control provided in the detection examples of this invention are... + The converted UV-Vis absorption spectrum.

[0040] Figure 13 The photocatalytic Cyt C(Fe) of MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, and Control provided in the detection examples of this invention are... 3+ ) reduced to Cyt C(Fe 2+ The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of ).

[0041] Figure 14 This is a bar chart showing the quantitative analysis of intracellular NADH content in photocatalysts MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, and Control provided in the detection examples of this invention.

[0042] Figure 15 The concentration provided in the detection example of this invention is 200 μg·mL. -1 Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of cytochrome C release under photocatalysis after incubation of MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, and Control with 4T1 cells. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of this invention.

[0044] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used are commercially available, unless otherwise specified, and are carried out in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product instructions.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] The process for preparing photocatalytic nanocomposite material (MoS2 / Cu2O) is as follows:

[0047] I. Preparation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles.

[0048] Add 0.10 g of Na2MoO4·H2O to 10 mL of deionized water, sonicate for 5 min, and then adjust the pH to 6.5 with 0.10 M hydrochloric acid to obtain a sodium molybdate solution.

[0049] Glutathione (GSH) (0.49 g) was added to water (20 mL) until completely dissolved to obtain an aqueous glutathione solution. This aqueous glutathione solution was then added to the sodium molybdate solution, and the mixture was sonicated for 10 min. The mixture was then placed in a hydrothermal reactor and reacted at 200 °C for 24 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was filtered through filter paper. The filtrate was dialyzed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight of 500 Da (water was changed every 2 h, for a total of 3 times). After freeze-drying, MoS2 nanoparticles were obtained, denoted as MoS2. Its scanning transmission electron microscopy and elemental mapping images are shown below. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the particle size of MoS2 is about 15nm, and Mo and S are uniformly distributed in the MoS2 nanoparticles.

[0050] II. Preparation of precursor solution.

[0051] The MoS2 nanoparticles obtained above were dispersed in water (150 mL) to obtain a precursor solution with a concentration of 1 mg·mL⁻¹. -1 .

[0052] III. Preparation of photocatalytic nanocomposite materials (MoS2 / Cu2O).

[0053] Under stirring, copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O) (0.51 g), sodium citrate (0.30 g), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (3.0 g) were added sequentially to the above precursor solution. After stirring until fully dissolved, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (0.20 M, 15 mL) was added. After standing for 10 min, ascorbic acid aqueous solution (1 M, 15 mL) was added. The reaction system was then placed in an oil bath at 50 °C and reacted for 2 h. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was centrifuged (10000 r / min, 8 min). The supernatant was then dialyzed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight of 500 Da (water was changed once every 2 h, for a total of 3 times). After freeze-drying, the photocatalytic nanocomposite material, denoted as MoS2 / Cu2O, was obtained.

[0054] Transmission electron microscopy images of MoS2 / Cu2O, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the particle size of MoS2 / Cu2O is about 25 nm.

[0055] High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of MoS2 / Cu2O, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the crystal structures of MoS2 (0.27 nm) and Cu2O (0.25 nm) are clearly displayed.

[0056] Elemental distribution image of MoS2 / Cu2O, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that Mo, S, Cu and O are uniformly distributed in MoS2 / Cu2O nanoparticles.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] The process for preparing photocatalytic nanocomposite material (MoS2 / CuS) is as follows:

[0059] 1. Preparation of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles, the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] 2. Prepare the precursor solution, following the same procedure as in Example 1.

[0061] III. Preparation of photocatalytic nanocomposite materials (MoS2 / CuS).

[0062] Under stirring conditions, copper chloride dihydrate aqueous solution (1.08 mg·mL⁻¹) was added sequentially to the above precursor solution. -1 10 mL) and sodium citrate aqueous solution (1 mg·mL) -1 After adding 10 mL of sodium sulfide nonahydrate, continue stirring for 30 minutes; then add an aqueous solution of sodium sulfide nonahydrate (743.92 mg·mL⁻¹). -1After stirring for 5 minutes, the reaction system was transferred to a 90℃ oil bath and stirred at a constant temperature for 15 minutes. The mixture was then removed and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The reaction solution was purified by dialysis using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) of 500 Da and then freeze-dried to obtain the photocatalytic nanocomposite material, denoted as MoS2 / CuS.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The synthesis of Cu2O nanomaterials was carried out as follows: In 150 mL of water, copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O) (0.51 g), sodium citrate (0.30 g), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (3.0 g) were added sequentially with stirring until fully dissolved. Then, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (0.20 M, 15 mL) was added and allowed to stand for 10 min. After that, ascorbic acid aqueous solution (1 M, 15 mL) was added. The reaction system was then placed in an oil bath at 50 °C and reacted for 2 h. After that, the system was removed and allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The reaction mixture was centrifuged (10000 r / min, 8 min). The supernatant was dialyzed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight of 500 Da (the water was changed every 2 h for a total of 3 times). The supernatant was then freeze-dried to obtain Cu2O powder, which was denoted as Cu2O.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] Equal masses of MoS2 and Cu2O are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture of MoS2 and Cu2O, denoted as MoS2+Cu2O.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] MoS2-12h, MoS2-24h and MoS2-36h were prepared respectively.

[0069] The preparation process of MoS2-12h is the same as that of MoS2, except that the reaction time in Example 1 is replaced with 12h.

[0070] The preparation process of MoS2-24h is the same as the preparation process of MoS2 in Example 1;

[0071] The preparation process of MoS2-36h is the same as that of MoS2, except that the reaction time in Example 1 is replaced with 36h.

[0072] Detection example

[0073] I. Characterization.

[0074] The crystal structures of MoS2 (provided in Example 1), Cu2O (provided in Comparative Example 2), and MoS2 / Cu2O (provided in Example 1) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the results are as follows: Figure 5As shown in the figure, MoS2 / Cu2O has characteristic diffraction peaks at 32.8° and 36.5°, confirming the successful recombination of MoS2 and Cu2O.

[0075] The Mott-Schottky curves of MoS2 (provided in Example 1) and Cu2O (provided in Comparative Example 2) are shown below. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, both MoS2 and Cu2O exhibit positive slopes in the Mott-Schottky diagram, indicating that they both possess n-type semiconductor characteristics. The flat band potentials of MoS2 and Cu2O nanoparticles are -0.71V and -0.47V (relative to silver / silver chloride), respectively; the conduction band potentials of MoS2 and Cu2O nanoparticles (relative to silver / silver chloride) are -0.91V and -0.67V, respectively. The conduction band potentials of MoS2 and Cu2O nanoparticles relative to the non-equilibrium potential (NHE) can be calculated using the following formula:

[0076] NHE = E (relative to silver / silver chloride) + 0.197V;

[0077] Where E is the potential value measured with Ag / AgCl as a reference.

[0078] Solid-state UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra of MoS2 (provided in Example 1) and Cu2O (provided in Comparative Example 2), such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the band gaps (E) of MoS2 and Cu2O are... g The values ​​are 1.08 eV and 1.79 eV, respectively, corresponding to valence bands (VB) of MoS2 and Cu2O nanoparticles relative to NHE of 0.37 eV and 1.32 eV, respectively.

[0079] Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were performed on MoS2 (provided in Example 1), Cu2O (provided in Comparative Example 2), and MoS2 / Cu2O (provided in Example 1) using Helium I as the excitation source. The results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the work functions of MoS2, Cu2O, and MoS2 / Cu2O nanoparticles are 4.79 eV, 5.12 eV, and 4.87 eV (relative to vacuum), respectively. This result indicates that Cu2O nanoparticles grown in situ on MoS2 nanoparticles form a dislocation heterojunction MoS2 / Cu2O nanoparticle.

[0080] II. Testing the ability of MoS2 / Cu2O to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) under near-infrared irradiation.

[0081] 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) can be oxidized by ·OH, producing an absorption peak at 654 nm. Therefore, using TMB as an indicator, the ·OH generated in MoS2-12h (Comparative Example 4), MoS2-24h (Comparative Example 4), MoS2-36h (Comparative Example 4), MoS2 / CuS (Comparative Example 1), MoS2 / Cu2O (Example 1), MoS2 (Example 1), Cu2O (Comparative Example 2), MoS2+Cu2O (Comparative Example 3), and the blank control solution without catalyst were detected. The procedure is as follows:

[0082] First, TMB was prepared to a concentration of 10 mg / mL using PBS buffer. -1 The stock solution should be diluted to 10 µg / mL before use. -1 (Working fluid);

[0083] Subsequently, the concentrations at 300 µg / mL were measured using TMB working solution. -1 The ability of MoS2-12h, MoS2-24h, MoS2-36h, MoS2 / Cu2O, MoS2 / CuS, and Control to generate ·OH under near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) is shown in the results. Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in these three figures, it can be seen that compared with other materials, MoS2 / Cu2O exhibits the strongest peak in TMB oxidation under NIR irradiation, indicating that MoS2 / Cu2O has a strong ability to generate ·OH.

[0084] II. Detection of extracellular photocatalytic oxidation of NADH.

[0085] The photocatalytic effects of MoS2, Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, and MoS2 / Cu2O on NADH under NIR were evaluated using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The procedure is as follows:

[0086] Add 2 mL of PBS solution, 4 mg of PBS solution with a final concentration of MoS2 / Cu2O (or MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, Control), and 800 μg of NADH to the cuvette. Then, expose the cuvette to a power density of 1.0 W·cm⁻¹. -2Irradiation was performed under a 1064 nm laser for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 30 min (at 25 °C). After irradiation, the solution was centrifuged (10000 r / min, 10 min) to remove nanoparticles. The supernatant was then collected, and the UV-Vis spectrum was immediately measured. If NADH was photo-oxidized, the absorbance of NADH at 339 nm would significantly decrease. The results are as follows. Figure 12 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that MoS2 / Cu2O, under NIR irradiation, has the ability to convert NADH (400 μg·mL⁻¹) into N2O. -1 ) oxidized to NAD + The absorbance decreases at 339 nm (the characteristic peak of NADH), while it increases at 259 nm (the characteristic peak of NADH). + The increased absorbance of the characteristic peak indicates that MoS2 / Cu2O can oxidize NADH to NAD under light irradiation, suggesting that MoS2 / Cu2O can oxidize NADH to NAD under light irradiation. + Furthermore, MoS2 / Cu2O exhibits the strongest oxidation capacity compared to other materials.

[0087] III. Extracellular photocatalytic reduction of cytochrome C （ Fe 3+ ) detection.

[0088] Photocatalysis of cytochrome C (Fe 3+ The reduction experiment was also conducted in PBS buffer (pH=6.5) at a temperature of 25℃, and the procedure is as follows:

[0089] Add 2 mL of PBS solution and cytochrome C (Fe2+) to a cuvette. 3+ (200 μg), MoS2 / Cu2O (or MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, Control) (4 mg); subsequently, the cuvette was exposed to a 1064 nm laser at a power density of 1.0 W·cm⁻¹. -2 The irradiation times were 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 30 min (at 25℃). After irradiation, the solution was centrifuged (10000 r / min, 10 min) to remove nanoparticles. The supernatant was collected, and the UV-Vis spectrum was immediately measured. If cytochrome C was detected... （ Fe 3+ The photoreduction reaction of cytochrome C （ Fe 3+ Reduced cytochrome C at around 410 nm （ Fe 2+ ) will increase, and the test results will be as follows Figure 13 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that compared with other materials, MoS2 / Cu2O, under light conditions, can enhance the cytochrome C... （ Fe 3+) is reduced to cytochrome C (Fe) 2+ The ability of MoS2 / Cu2O to transfer electrons to cytochrome C is the strongest, which can be attributed to the abundance of electron transfer-related compounds and proteins in the lipid bilayer. The high reduction potential (-0.71 eV) generated by MoS2 / Cu2O under photoexcitation enables electrons to be directionally transferred to cytochrome C through these intermediates without relying on direct physical contact.

[0090] IV. Detection of intracellular NADH.

[0091] 4T1 cells were loaded at a rate of 4 × 10⁴ cells per well. 3 Cells were seeded at a density of 1000 cells / well in 96-well plates containing RPMI-1640 medium and cultured for 12 h; then the cells were inoculated with different concentrations of MoS2 / Cu2O (or MoS2+Cu2O, Cu2O, MoS2, Control) (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 µg / mL). -1 Incubate together with fresh culture medium (200 µL) for 4 h, then expose to NIR light (0.5 W·cm⁻¹). -2 (5 min), after incubation, the NADH assay kit was used for detection, and the results are as follows: Figure 14 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that different materials all exhibit the ability to oxidize NADH within the cell. Compared with MoS2, Cu2O and MoS2+Cu2O, MoS2 / Cu2O exhibits the strongest ability to oxidize NADH.

[0092] V. Detection of cytochrome C release under photocatalysis after incubation of 4T1 cells with MoS2, Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, and MoS2 / Cu2O.

[0093] The immunofluorescence assay was performed as follows: 4T1 cells were treated with MoS2, Cu2O, MoS2+Cu2O, MoS2 / Cu2O, and Control, respectively. After discarding the culture medium, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for 20 min, followed by washing three times with PBS. Then, the cells were permeabilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 at room temperature for 10 min, washed three times with PBS, and blocked with 5% BSA blocking solution at room temperature for 1 h. The blocking solution was then discarded, and 200-fold diluted cytochrome C primary antibody (diluent: 1% BSA / PBS) was added, followed by incubation overnight at 4°C. The cells were then washed three times with PBS and incubated with 647-labeled secondary antibody at room temperature in the dark for 1 h. Next, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) working solution (for nuclear staining) was added, and the cells were stained in the dark for 10 min. After adding an anti-fluorescence quenching mounting medium, images were captured using a CLSM scanner. Figure 15As shown in the figure, compared with the control group, the Cyt C signal of all material treatment groups was enhanced, indicating that these materials induced the cell stress response or apoptosis. The MoS2 / Cu2O red fluorescence signal was the strongest, indicating that it had the strongest ability to induce Cyt C release, that is, the effect of inducing cell apoptosis or stress was the most significant. The heterojunction composite material (MoS2 / Cu2O) was better than the physical mixture (MoS2+Cu2O), indicating that the heterojunction can more effectively exert this synergistic effect.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of a photocatalytic nanocomposite material, characterized in that, Products that regulate mitochondrial function can be prepared using the aforementioned photocatalytic nanocomposite material, which is capable of oxidizing NADH to NAD. + Cytochrome C （ Fe 3+ ) is reduced to cytochrome C (Fe) 2+ ); The photocatalytic nanocomposite material includes molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles and cuprous oxide, with cuprous oxide loaded on the surface of the molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles. The preparation method of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material includes the following steps: S100: Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal reaction using sodium molybdate and glutathione as raw materials. S200. The molybdenum disulfide nanoparticle precursor is uniformly dispersed in a solvent to obtain a precursor solution. S300. Add soluble copper salt, complexing agent and dispersant to the precursor solution, mix evenly and then add reducing agent. Stir at 40℃~60℃ for 1.5h~2.5h to obtain photocatalytic nanocomposite material.

2. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S100, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 190℃~210℃, and the reaction time is 12h~36h.

3. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S100, the particle size of the molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles is 10 nm to 20 nm.

4. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S200, the concentration of the precursor solution is 0.5 mg / mL to 1.5 mg / mL.

5. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S300, the complexing agent is selected from sodium citrate.

6. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S300, the dispersant is selected from polyvinylpyrrolidone.

7. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S300, the reducing agent is selected from ascorbic acid.

8. The application of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photocatalytic nanocomposite material has a 0.27 nm and 0.25 nm crystal lattice structure; Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction pattern of the photocatalytic nanocomposite material shows characteristic diffraction peaks at 32.8° and 36.5°.

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