Negative pressure driving intrusive torpedo anchor device and working method

Abstract

The invention provides a negative pressure driving intrusive type torpedo anchor device and a working method. The device comprises an anchor body, a negative pressure driving device, a rubber ring, a pin, a fixed plate, a movable plate, a water inlet and a traction rope. The anchor body is of a torpedo-shaped cavity structure, multiple sets of modular negative pressure driving devices are arranged in the length direction, and a traction rope is arranged at the anchor tail and used for positioning and traction. The negative pressure driving device forms stable negative pressure through a high-pressure air bag, a time delay switch and a one-way exhaust port, is matched with sealing of a rubber ring and limiting of a pin, forms pressure difference through high pressure in a deep water area, drives water and soil particles to flow into a cavity to form an integrated weight increasing structure, forms a reverse soil pressure bearing system, and cooperates with frictional resistance to form a dual anti-pulling mechanism. The working method comprises the steps of penetration preparation, throwing penetration, negative pressure starting, medium inrush and anchoring forming, extra power is not needed, adaptability is high, the uplift bearing capacity and stability of the torpedo anchor in the deep water area are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for ocean engineering anchoring scenes such as deep sea oil and gas development and offshore wind power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of deep-sea mooring foundation devices, and specifically relates to a negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] Global marine resource development is continuously expanding into deep and ultra-deep water areas. The large-scale implementation of large-scale marine engineering projects such as deep-sea oil and gas extraction, floating offshore wind power, and offshore floating platforms places extremely high demands on the pull-out bearing capacity, environmental adaptability, and operational reliability of deep-water anchoring systems. Deep-water anchoring operations not only face extreme natural challenges such as ultra-high water pressure and complex soil mechanics, but also require low energy consumption and ease of operation during construction, achieving a balance between complex environments and practical construction. As a core component of deep-water anchoring systems, the torpedo anchor's anchoring performance directly determines the service safety and engineering economy of the floating structure. How to utilize the high-pressure environment of the deep sea to enhance the pull-out resistance of torpedo anchors and reveal the anchoring mechanics mechanism driven by pressure differences has become a future research topic in the fields of marine engineering and geotechnical engineering. From the perspective of international research trends, the rapid development of ultra-deepwater engineering has placed higher demands on torpedo anchor technology: it needs to adapt to the anchoring requirements under different water depths and geological conditions, achieve flexible control of pull-out bearing capacity, and simplify the drive structure according to the characteristics of the deep-sea natural environment to reduce operating costs and failure risks; especially in ultra-deepwater soft clay sea areas, the traditional torpedo anchoring method that relies solely on wall friction can no longer meet the engineering requirements, and there is a need for efficient and reliable new torpedo anchor devices and methods to bridge the theoretical and applied gap in anchoring technology under high-pressure environments in the deep sea.

[0003] A search revealed that application number CN202122683123.8, "Gravity Penetration Deep-Water Anchor," discloses a gravity penetration deep-water anchor. This anchor uses the pullback of the anchor cable to drive a tray along a tray channel, causing the tray plate and geomembrane to unfold and embed into the soil, forming an inverted anchoring structure. This is further reinforced by filling the anchor body with lead for weight gain and grouting to solidify the block, thereby improving its pull-out bearing capacity. However, this patent has significant shortcomings: First, the power method relies on the mechanical drive of the anchor cable pullback, requiring a dedicated pullback system. In deep-water operations, the anchor cable is easily affected by water flow, making it difficult to accurately adapt the pullback force to different soil resistance levels, thus compromising the stability of the anchoring effect. Second, it can only achieve a fixed angle and a single range of tray plate unfolding, failing to flexibly adjust the anchoring area and bearing capacity according to water depth, pressure, and soil characteristics, resulting in poor adaptability to ultra-deep water, ultra-high pressure, and complex geological scenarios.

[0004] A search revealed that application number CN202510422967.7, "Torpedo Anchor and Its Usage Method," discloses a nested sub-anchor torpedo anchor. This anchor uses an electronically controlled igniter to trigger a propellant explosion, driving the expansion of an inflatable gasbag. This inflates the sub-anchor body in stages to increase the contact area with the ground, thereby enhancing its pull-out resistance. However, this patent also has shortcomings: First, the power relies on the expansion thrust generated by the propellant explosion, requiring additional components such as an electronically controlled igniter and a delay controller. The safety of propellant storage and triggering is questionable in the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, and the explosion impact can easily disturb the surrounding soil, affecting anchor stability. Second, the extension length of the sub-anchor body is limited by the gasbag expansion and the slot position, making it impossible to precisely adjust the anchor length according to the load-bearing requirements of different projects, resulting in insufficient adaptability to ultra-high pressure environments.

[0005] In summary, most existing deep-water torpedo anchor technologies focus on achieving or optimizing a single anchoring function, failing to consider the environmental adaptability and control flexibility of the anchoring system from the perspective of the actual needs of ultra-deep-water engineering. Furthermore, due to the ultra-high pressure environment and complex geological conditions in actual deep-water areas, existing devices either cannot flexibly adjust their structural extension range and driving force, making them difficult to adapt to non-uniform soil layers and pressure scenarios; or they lack sufficient control precision, failing to accurately utilize the characteristics of the deep-sea high-pressure environment to enhance the anchoring effect. Therefore, a torpedo anchor device should be designed that is flexibly adjustable, highly environmentally adaptable, and provides comprehensive monitoring, fully integrating the pressure characteristics of deep-water areas and the high-precision requirements of engineering applications, to achieve precise anchoring under different water depths, pressures, and geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing torpedo anchors, such as reliance on additional power, insufficient pull-out bearing capacity, and poor adaptability, by providing a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device and its operating method. This device utilizes the ultra-high pressure of deep water as its natural power source. A negative pressure drive system, consisting of a high-pressure airbag, a time-delay switch, and a one-way exhaust port, along with rubber rings and pins, achieves initial sealing and stroke limitation. The pressure difference drives external water and soil to flow into the anchor cavity, forming a weight-increasing and reverse earth pressure bearing system. The operating method encompasses pre-penetration preparation, penetration deployment, negative pressure activation, medium influx, and anchoring formation. No additional power unit is required. The number of negative pressure drive devices can be modularly adjusted to adapt to different engineering needs. Based on traditional sidewall friction anchoring, it strengthens the dual effects of self-weight and reverse earth pressure, significantly improving the pull-out bearing capacity and stability of torpedo anchors in ultra-high pressure environments of deep water. It has significant application value in the anchoring fields of deep-sea oil and gas development, offshore wind power, and other marine engineering projects.

[0007] A negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device includes an anchor body 1, a negative pressure driving device 2, a rubber ring 3, a pin 4, a fixing plate 5, a movable plate 6, a water inlet 7, and a traction rope 8.

[0008] The anchor body 1 is generally torpedo-shaped, and the interior of the anchor body 1 is a hollow structure. At least three negative pressure drive devices 2 are arranged along the length of the anchor body 1. The number of negative pressure drive devices 2 can be increased or decreased according to engineering requirements. The side wall of the anchor body 1 is provided with water inlets 7 arranged at equal intervals.

[0009] Before the negative pressure device is activated, the movable plate 6 is pressed against the upper fixed plate 5 by the pushing action of the high-pressure airbag 2-1, and the side of the movable plate 6 is tightly pressed against the water inlet 7 to prevent water or soil particles from the outside of the anchor body 1 from entering the interior of the anchor body 1 through the water inlet 7, so as to seal the internal cavity; the traction rope 8 is set at the anchor tail, one end is fixedly connected to the anchor tail, and the other end extends to the ground, mainly used for the positioning of the torpedo anchor and subsequent necessary pulling and adjustment; this device is suitable for ultra-high pressure environment in deep water area. The high pressure outside the deep water area provides a basis for the formation of a large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the anchor body, ensuring that water and soil particles in the soil layer can smoothly flow into the cavity;

[0010] The negative pressure drive device 2 consists of a high-pressure airbag 2-1, a time delay switch 2-2, and a one-way exhaust port 2-3. The high-pressure airbag 2-1 is fixed inside the cavity of the anchor body 1 and is used to store high-pressure gas to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the anchor body 1. The time delay switch 2-2 is mounted on the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1 and is used to set the switch opening time. After the preset time is reached, the exhaust channel is automatically opened. The one-way exhaust port 2-3 is arranged on the movable plate 6 and is connected to the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1. It is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the high-pressure airbag 2-1 and prevent external fluid from entering the high-pressure airbag 2-1 in the reverse direction.

[0011] The pin 4 is fixed to the top of the movable plate 6, passes through the fixed plate 5, and the crossbar at the tail of the pin 4 restricts the entire pin from passing through the fixed plate 5. The length of the pin 4 is used to limit the movement distance of the movable plate 6. The rubber ring 3 is a circular structure and is embedded around the fixed plate 5. In the initial state, the movable plate 6 is tightly fitted with the rubber ring 3 and the fixed plate 5 to achieve a sealing effect of water stop, waterproofing, and air blocking. The side of the movable plate 6 also blocks the water inlet 7 of the anchor body 1. The movable plate 6 is slidably connected to the anchor body 1. After the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is vented, the movable plate 6 slides downward under the action of the upper and lower pressure difference and continuously drives the high-pressure airbag 2-1 to contract. After the movable plate 6 slides downward, the water inlet 7 on the side of the anchor body 1 is exposed, allowing external water and soil to enter the water inlet 6 under the action of the pressure difference, and providing additional pressure to continue to press the movable plate 6 down until all the gas in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is discharged.

[0012] A method for operating a negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor, implemented using the aforementioned negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor device, comprises the following specific steps:

[0013] ① Pre-implementation preparation: Based on the water depth, ultra-high pressure environment parameters, and anchoring load requirements of the target project, determine the number of negative pressure drive devices 2 to be installed, and complete the assembly of negative pressure drive devices 2 inside the anchor body 1; check the fit and sealing of the movable plate 6 with the rubber ring 3 and the fixed plate 5 by setting the opening time of the delay switch 2-2 (initially preset 10-15 minutes, which can be adjusted as needed), and ensure that the side of the movable plate 6 accurately seals the water inlet 7; connect the torpedo anchor's traction rope 8 to the hoisting equipment and traction equipment, and confirm that all components and rope connections are firm and not loose;

[0014] ② Anchor deployment and penetration: The torpedo anchor is precisely deployed at the designated target location. The ship's traction equipment controls the attitude of the torpedo anchor through the traction rope 8. After the torpedo anchor penetrates the soil, it stops when it reaches the preset penetration depth. At this time, the traction rope 8 is kept at a moderate tension to stabilize the anchor.

[0015] ③ Negative pressure start-up and exhaust: Keep the torpedo anchor stationary and wait for the delay switch 2-2 to reach the preset time. The delay switch 2-2 will automatically open the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1. The high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 will be slowly discharged through the one-way exhaust port 2-3 along the exhaust channel.

[0016] ④ Movable plate downward movement and medium influx: A significant pressure difference is formed inside and outside the anchor body 1. Driven by the pressure difference, the movable plate 6 moves downward. The pin 4 precisely limits the movement distance of the movable plate 6. During the downward movement of the movable plate 6, the blockage of the water inlet 7 is simultaneously released. Under the action of the pressure difference, water and soil particles in the external soil layer continuously flow into the cavity formed by the downward movement of the movable plate 6 inside the anchor body 1 through the water inlet 7.

[0017] ⑤ Negative pressure reinforcement and anchoring formation: The movable plate 6 continues to move downward to further expand the cavity volume, accelerating the discharge of the remaining gas in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 until the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is completely flattened; the inflowing water and soil particles fully fill the cavity and remain in it, increasing the self-weight of the anchor body 1. At the same time, the soil inside the anchor body 1 and the surrounding soil layers form a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer. Based on the friction between the wall and the soil of the traditional torpedo anchor body, a reverse earth pressure bearing system is added, which significantly enhances the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor body 1, and finally forms a stable anchoring structure, completing the anchoring operation.

[0018] Furthermore, the device relies on the pressure difference created by the one-way exhaust of the high-pressure airbag to drive the movable plate to slide downwards, opening the water inlet and thus creating a large pressure difference inside and outside the anchor body. This drives water and soil particles in the soil layer to rush into the cavity quickly. Compared with traditional torpedo anchors, there is no need to add an additional power to drive the medium to rush in, simplifying the structural design while reducing energy consumption.

[0019] The influx of water and soil particles forms an integrated weight-increasing structure with the anchor body cavity, which not only directly increases the anchor body's self-weight, but also creates a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer between the soil inside the anchor body and the surrounding soil layers. Based on the friction between the anchor body and the soil on the wall surface of the traditional torpedo anchor body, a reverse earth pressure bearing system is added, which significantly enhances the anchor body's pull-out bearing capacity. Multiple sets of negative pressure drive devices can form multiple sets of reverse earth pressure bearing systems in series, and the number of negative pressure drive devices can be adjusted to meet the actual engineering requirements.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] This invention provides a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device and its working method, including components such as an anchor body, a negative pressure driving device, a rubber ring, a pin, a fixing plate, a movable plate, a water inlet, and a traction rope. Its core advantages are prominent:

[0022] The negative pressure drive device uses the ultra-high pressure of deep water as its natural power source. It maintains the initial pressure balance by storing high-pressure gas in a high-pressure airbag, and the time-delay switch precisely controls the timing of exhaust. The one-way exhaust port prevents the reverse intrusion of external fluids. It does not require an additional power unit, which simplifies the structural design and reduces energy consumption, solving the limitations of traditional torpedo anchors that rely on external power or chemical drive. The rubber ring is embedded around the fixed plate, and the tight fit between the movable plate and the fixed plate achieves a reliable water-stopping, waterproofing, and air-blocking sealing effect. The pin precisely limits the movement distance of the movable plate through the tail crossbar and length design, avoiding excessive displacement or sealing failure, ensuring the stability of the initial state and the efficiency of medium inflow, and changing the problems of imperfect sealing and stroke control of traditional devices.

[0023] Simultaneously, the anchor body's sidewalls are equipped with equally spaced water inlets that open synchronously after the movable plate moves down. The pressure difference created by the ultra-high pressure in the deep water area drives external water and soil particles to rapidly flow into the anchor body cavity. This directly increases the anchor body's self-weight and creates a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer between the internal soil and the surrounding soil layers. This adds a reverse earth pressure bearing system to the traditional torpedo anchor's single bearing mode, which relies solely on the friction between the anchor body wall and the soil. The reverse earth pressure bearing system, through the tight embedding of the internal filling soil with the external strata, generates reverse pressure on the anchor wall when the anchor body is pulled out, significantly improving the pull-out bearing capacity. Furthermore, multiple sets of negative pressure drive devices are modularly arranged along the anchor body's length, allowing for flexible increases or decreases in number based on engineering water depth, pressure parameters, and bearing requirements. This forms multiple sets of series-connected reverse earth pressure bearing systems, enabling stepped control of pull-out performance and precisely adapting to engineering needs in different deep water areas and geological conditions, thus expanding the applicable scenarios for torpedo anchors.

[0024] In addition, the working method covers a complete set of steps, including pre-penetration preparation, anchor placement and penetration, negative pressure activation and venting, movable plate descent and medium influx, negative pressure reinforcement and anchoring formation. The process is clear and easy to operate. The traction rope is used to achieve anchor placement positioning and attitude control, ensuring accurate penetration depth. The entire device makes full use of the natural high-pressure environment in deep water areas, eliminating the need for complex external equipment, making construction costs controllable. After anchoring formation, the structure is stable and has high reliability for long-term service. It has wide application value in the field of marine engineering anchoring, such as deep-sea oil and gas extraction platforms and floating offshore wind power foundations. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor device before driving.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor device after activation.

[0028] Figure 3 Layout diagram of pins

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of reverse earth pressure bearing system

[0030] Labeling: Anchor body 1, negative pressure drive device 2, rubber ring 3, pin 4, fixing plate 5, movable plate 6, water inlet 7, traction rope 8. The negative pressure drive device 2 includes a high-pressure airbag 2-1, a time delay switch 2-2, and a one-way exhaust port 2-3. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device includes an anchor body 1, a negative pressure driving device 2, a rubber ring 3, a pin 4, a fixing plate 5, a movable plate 6, a water inlet 7, and a traction rope 8.

[0033] The anchor body 1 is generally torpedo-shaped, and the interior of the anchor body 1 is a hollow structure. At least three negative pressure drive devices 2 are arranged along the length of the anchor body 1. The number of negative pressure drive devices 2 can be increased or decreased according to engineering requirements. The side wall of the anchor body 1 is provided with water inlets 7 arranged at equal intervals.

[0034] Before the negative pressure device is activated, the movable plate 6 is pressed against the upper fixed plate 5 by the pushing action of the high-pressure airbag 2-1, and the side of the movable plate 6 is tightly pressed against the water inlet 7 to prevent water or soil particles from the outside of the anchor body 1 from entering the interior of the anchor body 1 through the water inlet 7, so as to seal the internal cavity; the traction rope 8 is set at the anchor tail, one end is fixedly connected to the anchor tail, and the other end extends to the ground, mainly used for the positioning of the torpedo anchor and subsequent necessary pulling and adjustment; this device is suitable for ultra-high pressure environment in deep water area. The high pressure outside the deep water area provides a basis for the formation of a large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the anchor body, ensuring that water and soil particles in the soil layer can smoothly flow into the cavity;

[0035] The negative pressure drive device 2 consists of a high-pressure airbag 2-1, a time delay switch 2-2, and a one-way exhaust port 2-3. The high-pressure airbag 2-1 is fixed inside the cavity of the anchor body 1 and is used to store high-pressure gas to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the anchor body 1. The time delay switch 2-2 is mounted on the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1 and is used to set the switch opening time. After the preset time is reached, the exhaust channel is automatically opened. The one-way exhaust port 2-3 is arranged on the movable plate 6 and is connected to the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1. It is used to discharge the high-pressure gas inside the high-pressure airbag 2-1 and prevent external fluid from entering the high-pressure airbag 2-1 in the reverse direction.

[0036] The pin 4 is fixed to the top of the movable plate 6, passes through the fixed plate 5, and the crossbar at the tail of the pin 4 restricts the entire pin from passing through the fixed plate 5. The length of the pin 4 is used to limit the movement distance of the movable plate 6. The rubber ring 3 is a circular structure and is embedded around the fixed plate 5. In the initial state, the movable plate 6 is tightly fitted with the rubber ring 3 and the fixed plate 5 to achieve a sealing effect of water stop, waterproofing, and air blocking. The side of the movable plate 6 also blocks the water inlet 7 of the anchor body 1. The movable plate 6 is slidably connected to the anchor body 1. After the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is vented, the movable plate 6 slides downward under the action of the upper and lower pressure difference and continuously drives the high-pressure airbag 2-1 to contract. After the movable plate 6 slides downward, the water inlet 7 on the side of the anchor body 1 is exposed, allowing external water and soil to enter the water inlet 6 under the action of the pressure difference, and providing additional pressure to continue to press the movable plate 6 down until all the gas in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is discharged.

[0037] A method for operating a negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor, implemented using the aforementioned negative pressure driven intrusive torpedo anchor device, comprises the following specific steps:

[0038] ① Pre-implementation preparation: Based on the water depth, ultra-high pressure environment parameters, and anchoring load requirements of the target project, determine the number of negative pressure drive devices 2 to be installed, and complete the assembly of negative pressure drive devices 2 inside the anchor body 1; check the fit and sealing of the movable plate 6 with the rubber ring 3 and the fixed plate 5 by setting the opening time of the delay switch 2-2 (initially preset 10-15 minutes, which can be adjusted as needed), and ensure that the side of the movable plate 6 accurately seals the water inlet 7; connect the torpedo anchor's traction rope 8 to the hoisting equipment and traction equipment, and confirm that all components and rope connections are firm and not loose;

[0039] ② Anchor deployment and penetration: The torpedo anchor is precisely deployed at the designated target location. The ship's traction equipment controls the attitude of the torpedo anchor through the traction rope 8. After the torpedo anchor penetrates the soil, it stops when it reaches the preset penetration depth. At this time, the traction rope 8 is kept at a moderate tension to stabilize the anchor.

[0040] ③ Negative pressure start-up and exhaust: Keep the torpedo anchor stationary and wait for the delay switch 2-2 to reach the preset time. The delay switch 2-2 will automatically open the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag 2-1. The high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 will be slowly discharged through the one-way exhaust port 2-3 along the exhaust channel.

[0041] ④ Movable plate downward movement and medium influx: A significant pressure difference is formed inside and outside the anchor body 1. Driven by the pressure difference, the movable plate 6 moves downward. The pin 4 precisely limits the movement distance of the movable plate 6. During the downward movement of the movable plate 6, the blockage of the water inlet 7 is simultaneously released. Under the action of the pressure difference, water and soil particles in the external soil layer continuously flow into the cavity formed by the downward movement of the movable plate 6 inside the anchor body 1 through the water inlet 7.

[0042] ⑤ Negative pressure reinforcement and anchoring formation: The movable plate 6 continues to move downward to further expand the cavity volume, accelerating the discharge of the remaining gas in the high-pressure airbag 2-1 until the high-pressure airbag 2-1 is completely flattened; the inflowing water and soil particles fully fill the cavity and remain in it, increasing the self-weight of the anchor body 1. At the same time, the soil inside the anchor body 1 and the surrounding soil layers form a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer. Based on the friction between the wall and the soil of the traditional torpedo anchor body, a reverse earth pressure bearing system is added, which significantly enhances the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor body 1, and finally forms a stable anchoring structure, completing the anchoring operation.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the pins are evenly distributed in a ring along the edge of the movable plate to ensure that the force is even when the movable plate moves downward; the one-way exhaust port and the time delay switch are integrated in the center of the end face, and the movable plate serves as a circular load-bearing base to support the components and achieve sealing.

[0044] like Figure 4As shown, the anchor body has circumferentially spaced water inlets that open synchronously after the movable plate moves down. The significant pressure difference created by the ultra-high pressure in the deep water area drives external water and soil particles to rapidly flow into the anchor body cavity, forming an inseparable integrated weight-adding structure. This structure enables the soil inside the anchor body to interact with the surrounding soil layers, creating an internal and external load transfer mechanical state, thus forming a reverse earth pressure bearing system. Through the tight embedment of the internal filling soil with the external strata, the reverse earth pressure bearing system allows the internal soil to exert reverse pressure on the anchor wall when the anchor body is pulled out, ultimately forming a dual pull-out resistance mechanism of frictional resistance and reverse earth pressure working together.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device, characterized in that, It includes the anchor body (1), negative pressure drive device (2), rubber ring (3), pin (4), fixing plate (5), movable plate (6), water inlet (7) and traction rope (8); The anchor body (1) is generally torpedo-shaped, and the interior of the anchor body (1) is a hollow structure. At least three negative pressure drive devices (2) are arranged along the length of the anchor body (1). The number of negative pressure drive devices (2) can be increased or decreased according to engineering requirements. The side wall of the anchor body (1) is provided with water inlets (7) arranged at equal intervals. Before the negative pressure device is activated, the movable plate (6) is pressed against the upper fixed plate (5) by the pushing action of the high pressure airbag (2-1), and the side of the movable plate (6) is tightly pressed against the water inlet (7) to prevent water or soil particles outside the anchor body (1) from entering the interior of the anchor body (1) through the water inlet (7) to seal the internal cavity; the traction rope (8) is set at the anchor tail, one end is fixedly connected to the anchor tail, and the other end extends to the ground. It is mainly used for the positioning of the torpedo anchor and the necessary subsequent pulling and adjustment; this device is suitable for ultra-high pressure environment in deep water area. The high pressure outside the deep water area provides a basis for the formation of a large pressure difference between the inside and outside of the anchor body, ensuring that water and soil particles in the soil layer can smoothly flow into the cavity; The negative pressure drive device (2) consists of a high-pressure airbag (2-1), a time delay switch (2-2), and a one-way exhaust port (2-3). The high-pressure airbag (2-1) is fixed inside the cavity of the anchor body (1) and is used to store high-pressure gas to maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the anchor body (1). The time delay switch (2-2) is mounted on the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag (2-1) and is used to set the switch opening time. After the preset time is reached, the exhaust channel is automatically opened. The one-way exhaust port (2-3) is arranged on the movable plate (6) and is connected to the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag (2-1). It is used to discharge the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure airbag (2-1) and prevent external fluid from entering the high-pressure airbag (2-1) in reverse. The pin (4) is fixed to the top of the movable plate (6) and passes through the fixed plate (5). The crossbar at the tail of the pin (4) restricts the entire pin from passing through the fixed plate (5). The length of the pin (4) is used to limit the movement distance of the movable plate (6). The rubber ring (3) is a circular ring structure and is embedded around the fixed plate (5). In the initial state, the movable plate (6) is tightly fitted with the rubber ring (3) and the fixed plate (5) to achieve a sealing effect of water stop, waterproofing, and air blocking. The side of the movable plate (6) also seals the anchor body (1). The inlet (7) of the anchor body (1) is slidably connected to the movable plate (6). After the high-pressure airbag (2-1) is vented, the movable plate (6) slides down under the action of the upper and lower pressure difference and continuously drives the high-pressure airbag (2-1) to contract. After the movable plate (6) slides down, the inlet (7) on the side of the anchor body (1) is exposed, allowing external water and soil to enter the inlet (6) under the action of pressure difference, and providing additional pressure to continue to press the movable plate (6) down until all the gas in the high-pressure airbag (2-1) is discharged.

2. A method for operating a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor, characterized in that, The negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor device as described in claim 1 is used to achieve this, and the specific steps are as follows: ①Preparation before penetration: Based on the water depth, ultra-high pressure environment parameters and anchor bearing requirements of the target project, determine the number of negative pressure drive devices (2) to be installed, and complete the assembly of negative pressure drive devices (2) inside the anchor body (1); check the sealing of the movable plate (6) with the rubber ring (3) and the fixed plate (5) by setting the opening time of the delay switch (2-2) (initially preset 10-15 minutes, which can be adjusted as needed), and ensure that the side of the movable plate (6) accurately seals the water inlet (7); connect the torpedo anchor traction rope (8) with the hoisting equipment and traction equipment, and confirm that all components and ropes are firmly connected without loosening; ② Anchor placement and penetration: The torpedo anchor is precisely placed at the designated target location. The ship's traction equipment controls the attitude of the torpedo anchor through the traction rope (8). After the torpedo anchor penetrates the soil, it stops when it reaches the preset penetration depth. At this time, the traction rope (8) is kept in a moderately taut state to stabilize the anchor. ③ Negative pressure start-up and exhaust: Keep the torpedo anchor stationary and wait for the delay switch (2-2) to reach the preset time. The delay switch (2-2) will automatically open the exhaust channel of the high-pressure airbag (2-1). The high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure airbag (2-1) will be slowly discharged through the one-way exhaust port (2-3) along the exhaust channel. ④ Movable plate moving downward and medium inflow: A significant pressure difference is formed inside and outside the anchor body (1). Driven by the pressure difference, the movable plate (6) moves downward. The pin (4) precisely limits the movement distance of the movable plate (6). During the downward movement of the movable plate (6), the blockage of the inlet (7) is simultaneously released. Under the action of the pressure difference, water and soil particles in the external soil layer continuously flow into the cavity formed by the downward movement of the movable plate (6) inside the anchor body (1) through the inlet (7). ⑤ Negative pressure strengthening and anchoring formation: The movable plate (6) continues to move down to further expand the cavity volume, accelerate the discharge of the remaining gas in the high-pressure airbag (2-1) until the high-pressure airbag (2-1) is completely flattened; the water and soil particles that flow in fully fill the cavity and remain in it, increasing the self-weight of the anchor body (1). At the same time, the soil inside the anchor body (1) and the surrounding soil layers form a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer. Based on the friction between the wall and the soil of the traditional torpedo anchor body, a reverse earth pressure bearing system is added, which significantly enhances the pull-out bearing capacity of the anchor body (1), and finally forms a stable anchoring structure to complete the anchoring operation.

3. The working method of a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The device relies on the pressure difference created by the one-way exhaust of the high-pressure airbag to drive the movable plate to slide downwards, opening the water inlet and thus creating a large pressure difference inside and outside the anchor body. This drives water and soil particles in the soil layer to rush into the cavity quickly. Compared with traditional torpedo anchors, there is no need to add an additional power to drive the medium to rush in, simplifying the structural design while reducing energy consumption.

4. The working method of a negative pressure driven invasive torpedo anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The influx of water and soil particles forms an integrated weight-increasing structure with the anchor body cavity, which not only directly increases the anchor body's self-weight, but also creates a mechanical state of internal and external load transfer between the soil inside the anchor body and the surrounding soil layers. Based on the friction between the anchor body and the soil on the wall surface of the traditional torpedo anchor body, a reverse earth pressure bearing system is added, which significantly enhances the anchor body's pull-out bearing capacity. Multiple sets of negative pressure drive devices can form multiple sets of reverse earth pressure bearing systems in series, and the number of negative pressure drive devices can be adjusted to meet the actual engineering requirements.

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