Nylon composite material, preparation method thereof and toilet cover plate
By modifying nylon composite materials and utilizing components such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and silane-modified flake hexagonal boron nitride, the problem of abnormal noise during the use of toilet seats has been solved, achieving both improved noise reduction and strength.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional toilet seats often produce noise due to friction on the pivot after a period of use, affecting the user experience.
The material is made of nylon composite material and modified by adding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and silane-modified flake hexagonal boron nitride to enhance its self-lubricating and noise reduction effect. The addition of compatibilizers and crosslinking agents further improves the material's noise reduction life and strength.
It extends the silent life of the toilet seat, reduces abnormal noise during friction, and improves the strength and durability of the material.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to nylon composite materials, their preparation methods, and toilet seat covers. Background Technology
[0002] Toilet seats are typically connected to the toilet base via a pivot. In actual use, it has been found that after a period of use, traditional toilet seats will produce abnormal noises when rotating due to increased friction between the seat and the pivot, affecting the user experience. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Based on this, the first aspect of this application provides a nylon composite material, the technical solution of which is as follows:
[0004] A nylon composite material, the raw materials for which are prepared include nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer and crosslinking agent;
[0005] The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is between 1 million and 5 million.
[0006] The functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the particle size D50 of the silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
[0007] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a nylon composite material, the technical solution of which is as follows:
[0008] A method for preparing a nylon composite material includes the following steps: mixing nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer and crosslinking agent, and melt extruding;
[0009] The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is between 1 million and 5 million.
[0010] The functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the particle size D50 of the silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
[0011] A third aspect of this application provides a toilet seat made of the nylon composite material described above, or a nylon composite material prepared using the preparation method described above.
[0012] Compared with traditional solutions, this application has the following advantages:
[0013] This application primarily modifies nylon / glass fiber composite materials using functional resins and fillers to achieve a self-lubricating and noise-reducing effect, delaying the onset of abnormal noise and extending the quiet life of the composite material. The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with a molecular weight between 1 million and 5 million, and the functional filler includes silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 between 300 nm and 5 μm. Both play a crucial role in increasing the quiet life of the composite material. Simultaneously, to improve the dispersibility of the functional resin in the system and to exert the aforementioned effects, a compatibilizer is added to the composite material. A crosslinking agent is also added to facilitate the grafting of the functional filler onto the functional resin, ensuring their synergistic effect. Furthermore, the addition of the crosslinking agent allows the functional filler, functional resin, compatibilizer, and nylon to undergo a certain degree of crosslinking reaction, which improves the strength of the composite material. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.
[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
[0016] Unless otherwise stated or in case of contradiction, the terms or phrases used herein shall have the following meanings:
[0017] In this application, the terms "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" refer to options that are optional, meaning they can be selected from either "with" or "without." If multiple "optional" options appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there are no contradictions or mutual constraints, each "optional" option is independent.
[0018] In this application, the terms "first aspect," "second aspect," "third aspect," and "fourth aspect," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., serve only a non-exhaustive enumeration purpose and should be understood not to constitute a closed limitation on quantity.
[0019] In this application, numerical intervals (i.e. numerical ranges) are involved. Unless otherwise specified, the selected numerical distributions within the above-mentioned numerical intervals are considered continuous, and include the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum value and the maximum value) of the numerical range, as well as every value between the two numerical endpoints.
[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the temperature parameters in this application are permitted to be either constant-temperature treatment or variations within a certain temperature range. It should be understood that the constant-temperature treatment allows temperature fluctuations within the precision range of the instrument control, such as ±5℃, ±4℃, ±3℃, ±2℃, or ±1℃.
[0021] The first aspect of this application provides a nylon composite material. In one embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the nylon composite material include nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer, and crosslinking agent.
[0022] The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and the weight-average molecular weight of the UHMWPE is between 1 million and 5 million.
[0023] The functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the particle size D50 of the silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
[0024] This embodiment primarily modifies nylon / glass fiber composite materials using functional resins and fillers to achieve a self-lubricating and noise-reducing effect, delaying the onset of abnormal noise and extending the quiet life of the composite material. The functional resin includes UHMWPE with a molecular weight between 1 million and 5 million, and the functional filler includes silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 between 300 nm and 5 μm. Both play a crucial role in increasing the quiet life of the composite material. Simultaneously, to improve the dispersibility of the functional resin in the system and to exert the aforementioned effects, a compatibilizer is added to the composite material. A crosslinking agent is also added to facilitate the grafting of the functional filler onto the functional resin, ensuring their synergistic effect. Furthermore, the addition of the crosslinking agent allows the functional filler, functional resin, compatibilizer, and nylon to undergo a certain degree of crosslinking reaction, which improves the strength of the composite material.
[0025] The weight-average molecular weight of UHMWPE can be 1 million, 2 million, 3 million, 4 million, or 5 million. The particle size D50 of silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride can be 300 nm, 500 nm, 800 nm, 1 μm, 3 μm, or 5 μm.
[0026] Lamellar hexagonal boron nitride, after silane modification, can undergo a certain degree of crosslinking reaction with functional resins, compatibilizers, and nylon under the action of a crosslinking agent, which is beneficial for forming high-strength, sound-absorbing composite materials. Optionally, the silane used to prepare the silane-modified lamellar hexagonal boron nitride is selected from at least one of vinyltris(β-methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and vinyl-methoxyethylsilylsilane.
[0027] Optionally, the nylon is selected from nylon 66.
[0028] Optionally, at least 95% of the glass fibers have a diameter ≤13μm. For example, at least 95% of the glass fibers have a diameter between 9μm and 11μm or between 11μm and 13μm. At least 95% of the glass fibers have a length ≤15μm. For example, at least 95% of the glass fibers have lengths of 1μm, 5μm, 10μm, or 15μm. The glass fiber comprises a plurality of fibers, and at least 95% of the fiber diameter or length refers to the diameter or length of at least 95% of the fibers in terms of quantity, which can be 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100%.
[0029] Optionally, the compatibilizer is selected from maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene (MAH-g-PE).
[0030] Optionally, the crosslinking agent is selected from peroxide crosslinking agents, specifically dicumyl peroxide (DCP), bis-tert-butylperoxypropylbenzene (BIPB), and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane (DBPH).
[0031] Optionally, the nylon is 40-60 parts by weight, the glass fiber is 40-60 parts by weight, the functional resin is 2-8 parts by weight, the functional filler is 1-3 parts by weight, the compatibilizer is 1-3 parts by weight, and the crosslinking agent is 0.3-0.6 parts by weight.
[0032] Optionally, the raw materials for preparing the nylon composite material may also include at least one of coupling agent, heat stabilizer, lubricant and water-resistant agent.
[0033] Optionally, the coupling agent is selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550).
[0034] Optionally, the heat stabilizer is selected from copper salt antioxidants or composite heat stabilizers. The copper salt antioxidant includes at least one of cuprous halides and alkali metal halides. The cuprous halide includes cuprous iodide. The alkali metal halide includes potassium iodide. The composite heat stabilizer includes at least one of free radical scavengers and hydroperoxide decomposers. The free radical scavengers include hindered phenolic antioxidants. The hydroperoxide decomposers include at least one of phosphite antioxidants and thioester antioxidants.
[0035] Optionally, the lubricant is selected from at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS) and its modified materials, hyperbranched polymeric lubricants, and silicones.
[0036] The water-resistant agent is selected from carboimide-based anti-hydrolysis agents.
[0037] Optionally, the nylon comprises 40-60 parts by weight, the glass fiber comprises 40-60 parts by weight, and the coupling agent comprises 0.2-0.8 parts by weight. The functional resin comprises 2-8 parts by weight, the functional filler comprises 1-3 parts by weight, the compatibilizer comprises 1-3 parts by weight, the crosslinking agent comprises 0.3-0.6 parts by weight, the heat stabilizer comprises 0.3-1 part by weight, the lubricant comprises 0.4-1.5 parts by weight, and the water-resistant agent comprises 0.2-0.8 parts by weight.
[0038] The above-described embodiments achieve self-lubricating, quiet operation and high strength by designing the composite material formulation.
[0039] The second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a nylon composite material. In one embodiment, the method for preparing a nylon composite material includes the following steps: mixing nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer and crosslinking agent, and melt extruding.
[0040] The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is between 1 million and 5 million.
[0041] The functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the particle size D50 of the silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
[0042] Optionally, the method for preparing the silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride includes the following steps:
[0043] S10, hydroxyl groups are grafted onto plate-like hexagonal boron nitride.
[0044] Optionally, grafting hydroxyl groups onto the plate-like hexagonal boron nitride includes the following steps: placing the plate-like hexagonal boron nitride in an alkaline solution for a first heat treatment.
[0045] The plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is provided in powder form. Optionally, before placing the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride in an alkaline solution, the method further includes the step of baking the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride. The purpose of baking is to remove moisture.
[0046] Optionally, the alkali in the alkaline solution is selected from sodium hydroxide, and the solvent includes water. The alkali concentration in the alkaline solution is 1 mol / L to 5 mol / L. The mass ratio of the plate-like hexagonal boron nitride to the alkali in the alkaline solution is 1:(5~10).
[0047] The first heat treatment may be a stirring and heating reflux treatment. Optionally, the temperature of the first heat treatment is 80℃~95℃. The duration of the first heat treatment is 3h~6h.
[0048] Optionally, after the first heat treatment, the process further includes the following steps: collecting the solid product, drying it, and obtaining the hydroxyl-grafted plate-like hexagonal boron nitride.
[0049] S20 hydrolyzes silanes to produce hydrolysis products containing hydroxyl groups.
[0050] Optionally, the silane is hydrolyzed to generate a hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis product, comprising the following steps: mixing the silane, an acidic catalyst, and a solvent, followed by a second heat treatment.
[0051] Optionally, the silane is selected from trivinylmethoxysilane. Optionally, the acidic catalyst is selected from at least one of acetic acid and oxalic acid. The amount of the acidic catalyst is such that the pH of the mixture of silane, acidic catalyst and solvent is 4 to 6. The solvent includes ethanol and water, and the mass ratio of silane, ethanol and water is (1 to 3): (92 to 98): (2 to 8).
[0052] The second heat treatment can be a stirring and heating reflux treatment. Optionally, the temperature of the second heat treatment is 60℃~80℃. The time of the second heat treatment is 0.5h~1h.
[0053] After the second heat treatment, a hydrolysate is obtained, which includes hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis products.
[0054] S30, the condensation reaction is carried out between the hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride and the hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis product.
[0055] The hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride can be placed in a hydrolysate to allow the hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride to undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl-containing hydrolysate, thereby grafting boron nitride onto silane.
[0056] Optionally, the temperature at which the condensation reaction occurs is 60℃~80℃. Optionally, the time for the condensation reaction is 3h~6h.
[0057] The above method can prepare silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride. In this embodiment, the particle size D50 of the obtained silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is controlled by screening the particle size of the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride powder.
[0058] Optionally, prior to melt extrusion, the process further includes the following step: adding at least one of a coupling agent, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, and a water-resistant agent to the mixture.
[0059] A third aspect of this application provides a toilet seat, in one embodiment of which the toilet seat is made of the nylon composite material as described above, or of a nylon composite material prepared by the preparation method described above.
[0060] The toilet seat of this embodiment has a long silent lifespan and can remain silent even after a large number of friction cycles, thus avoiding abnormal noises.
[0061] The following description is further illustrated with specific embodiments and comparative examples. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials involved in the following specific embodiments and comparative examples are all commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments used are all commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the processes involved are conventionally selected by those skilled in the art.
[0062] Example 1
[0063] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, the steps of which are as follows:
[0064] Step 1: Preparation of functional fillers
[0065] Flaky hexagonal boron nitride powder was baked at 100℃ for 1 hour to remove moisture. Then, it was added to a sodium hydroxide solution at a boron nitride to sodium hydroxide mass ratio of 1:7. The mixture was stirred and refluxed at 85℃ for 4 hours (first heat treatment), with the sodium hydroxide solution concentration being 3 mol / L. After the first heat treatment, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid material was collected. It was then repeatedly washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed material was dried to obtain hydroxyl-grafted flaky hexagonal boron nitride.
[0066] A solution was prepared by mixing trivinylmethoxysilane, ethanol, and water in a mass ratio of 2:95:5. Acetic acid was added to the solution to adjust the pH to between 4 and 6. The solution was stirred at 70°C for 1 hour (second heat treatment). Trivinylmethoxysilane was hydrolyzed to generate hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis products, and the hydrolysate was obtained.
[0067] The hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride obtained in the above steps was added to the hydrolysate obtained in the above steps at a mass ratio of 20:100. The mixture was stirred and heated under reflux at 70°C for 5 hours to induce a condensation reaction. After the reaction was completed, the solid material was collected by filtration, washed several times, and dried to obtain silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 between 500 nm and 800 nm.
[0068] Step 2: According to the weight proportions shown in Table 1, add nylon 66, at least 95% of glass fiber 1 with a fiber diameter in the range of 9μm~11μm, KH550 (coupling agent), UHMWPE (functional resin 1) with a weight average molecular weight of 1 million, silane-modified flake boron nitride (functional filler 1) prepared in the above steps, MAH-g-PE (composite agent), DCP (crosslinking agent), copper salt antioxidant (heat stabilizer), EBS (lubricant) and carboimide anti-hydrolysis agent (water-resistant agent) through the feed port of the twin-screw extruder, melt granulate, and obtain nylon composite material.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1. The main difference is that at least 90% of the fiber diameter is in the range of 11μm to 13μm. The specific formula is shown in Table 1.
[0071] Example 3
[0072] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that no coupling agent is added. For the specific formulation, please refer to Table 1.
[0073] Example 4
[0074] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that no water-resistant agent is added. For the specific formula, please refer to Table 1.
[0075] Table 1
[0076]
[0077] Example 5
[0078] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1. The main difference is that UHMWPE with a weight-average molecular weight of 2 million is used as functional resin 2. The specific formulation is shown in Table 2.
[0079] Example 6
[0080] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1. The main difference is that UHMWPE with a weight average molecular weight of 5 million is used as functional resin 3. The specific formulation is shown in Table 2.
[0081] Example 7
[0082] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The main difference is that when preparing the functional filler, the particle size D50 of the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride powder is controlled to obtain silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 between 3μm and 5μm, which is used as functional filler 2. The specific formula is shown in Table 2.
[0083] Example 8
[0084] This embodiment provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the process parameters for preparing the functional filler are different. The specific steps for preparing the functional filler are as follows:
[0085] Flaky hexagonal boron nitride powder was baked at 100℃ for 1 hour to remove moisture. Then, it was added to a sodium hydroxide solution at a boron nitride to sodium hydroxide mass ratio of 1:10. The mixture was stirred and refluxed at 90℃ for 5 hours (first heat treatment), with the sodium hydroxide solution concentration being 1 mol / L. After the first heat treatment, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, filtered, and the solid material was collected. It was then repeatedly washed with deionized water until neutral. The washed material was dried to obtain hydroxyl-grafted flaky hexagonal boron nitride.
[0086] A solution was prepared by mixing trivinylmethoxysilane, ethanol, and water in a mass ratio of 1:97:2. Acetic acid was added to the solution to adjust the pH to between 4 and 6. The solution was stirred at 80°C for 0.5 h (second heat treatment). Trivinylmethoxysilane was hydrolyzed to generate hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis products, and the hydrolysate was obtained.
[0087] The hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride obtained in the above steps was added to the hydrolysate obtained in the above steps at a mass ratio of 20:100. The mixture was stirred and heated under reflux at 60°C for 6 hours to induce a condensation reaction. After the reaction was completed, the solid material was collected by filtration, washed several times, and dried to obtain silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 between 500 nm and 800 nm.
[0088] The obtained silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride was used as functional filler 3. The specific formulation is shown in Table 2.
[0089] Table 2
[0090]
[0091] Comparative Example 1
[0092] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that functional resin 1 is not added. For the specific formulation, please refer to Table 3.
[0093] Comparative Example 2
[0094] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that: functional filler 1 is not added. For the specific formulation, please refer to Table 3.
[0095] Comparative Example 3
[0096] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that: functional resin 1 and functional filler 1 are not added. For specific formulations, please refer to Table 3.
[0097] Comparative Example 4
[0098] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that no compatibilizer is added. For the specific formulation, please refer to Table 3.
[0099] Comparative Example 5
[0100] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that no crosslinking agent is added. For the specific formulation, please refer to Table 3.
[0101] Table 3
[0102]
[0103] Comparative Example 6
[0104] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that UHMWPE with a weight average molecular weight of 6 million is used as functional resin 4. The specific formulation is shown in Table 4.
[0105] Comparative Example 7
[0106] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that UHMWPE with a weight-average molecular weight of 500,000 is used as functional resin 5. The specific formulation is shown in Table 4.
[0107] Comparative Example 8
[0108] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1. The main difference is that when preparing the functional filler, the particle size D50 of the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride powder is controlled to obtain silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride with a particle size D50 of 10 μm, which is used as functional filler 4. The specific formulation is shown in Table 4.
[0109] Comparative Example 9
[0110] This comparative example provides a nylon composite material and its preparation method, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that: unmodified flake hexagonal boron nitride powder from step 1 is used as functional filler 5, and the specific formulation is shown in Table 4.
[0111] Table 4
[0112]
[0113] The initial torque, boiling-after torque, and silent life of the nylon composite materials in each embodiment and comparative example were tested. The initial torque was tested using a digital torque wrench to measure the maximum torque value of the sample. The boiling-after torque was tested by boiling the sample in water at 100℃ for 3 hours, followed by a 24-hour rest period, and then measuring the maximum torque value using a digital torque wrench. The silent life was tested by mounting the nylon composite material on a slow-fall test device, raising it to 90°, then lowering it to 70°, and allowing it to fall freely, with a maximum test of 55,000 cycles, recording the number of times abnormal noise occurred. A silent life > 55,000 indicates that no abnormal noise occurred during the 55,000-cycle limit test. The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 4. It can be seen that the nylon composite material of Example 1 has a longer silent life and higher torque strength. Example 2 uses coarser glass fiber, and with the same amount of added material, the number of glass fibers is significantly reduced, resulting in weakened strength. Example 3 does not use a coupling agent, and there is no good bond strength between the glass fiber and nylon, leading to a decrease in strength. Example 4 does not use a water-resistant agent, and the torque strength is unqualified after boiling in water. Examples 5 to 8 use different functional resins and functional fillers, all of which have a longer silent life and higher torque strength.
[0114] Comparative Example 1, without the use of functional resin, showed a significant decrease in noise reduction lifespan; Comparative Example 2, without the use of functional filler, also showed a decrease in noise reduction lifespan; Comparative Example 3, without the use of both functional resin and functional filler, showed a severe decrease in noise reduction lifespan; Comparative Example 4, without the use of compatibilizer, showed a slight decrease in noise reduction lifespan. This is because compatibilizers improve the dispersibility of functional resins in the system, and the absence of compatibilizers leads to poor dispersion of the functional resins, resulting in a decrease in noise reduction lifespan. However, the impact on strength is minimal, and all parameters still meet the standards; Comparative Example 5, without the use of crosslinking agent, showed a slight decrease in noise reduction lifespan. This is because crosslinking agents can graft functional fillers onto functional resins, which helps improve noise reduction lifespan. Simultaneously, crosslinking agents can induce a certain degree of crosslinking reaction between the functional resin, compatibilizer, and nylon, slightly improving their strength; Comparative Example 6, using... Functional resins with a molecular weight of 6 million have higher melt viscosity and are more difficult to disperse evenly, resulting in decreased strength and reduced noise reduction life. Comparative Example 7 uses a functional resin with a molecular weight of 500,000. Although the melt viscosity of this functional resin is lower, its self-lubricating effect is reduced, leading to a decrease in noise reduction life. Simultaneously, the reduced strength of the resin itself leads to a slight decrease in the strength of the composite material. Comparative Example 8 uses large-size 10μm silane-modified hexagonal boron nitride flakes, resulting in a decreased noise reduction life. This is because large-size boron nitride cannot be nearly parallel to the product surface during molding, unlike smaller-size boron nitride. A portion of the large-size boron nitride is perpendicular to the product surface or at an angle, thus reducing its noise reduction life. Comparative Example 9 uses unmodified hexagonal boron nitride flakes, resulting in a decreased noise reduction life.
[0115] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0116] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A nylon composite material, characterized in that, The raw materials for its preparation include nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer and crosslinking agent; the functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the weight average molecular weight of which is between 1 million and 5 million; the functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, the particle size D50 of which is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
2. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nylon is 40-60 parts by weight, the glass fiber is 40-60 parts by weight, the functional resin is 2-8 parts by weight, the functional filler is 1-3 parts by weight, the compatibilizer is 1-3 parts by weight, and the crosslinking agent is 0.3-0.6 parts by weight.
3. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silane used to prepare the silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride is selected from at least one of vinyltris(β-methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and vinyl-methoxyethylsilylsilane.
4. The nylon composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) The nylon is selected from nylon 66; (2) At least 95% of the glass fibers have a diameter ≤13μm; (3) At least 95% of the glass fibers have a length ≤15μm; (4) The compatibilizer is selected from maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene; (5) The crosslinking agent is selected from peroxide crosslinking agents, and the peroxide crosslinking agent is selected from dicumyl peroxide, bis-tert-butylperoxyisopropylbenzene, and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane.
5. The nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the nylon composite material also include at least one of coupling agent, heat stabilizer, lubricant and water resistant agent.
6. The nylon composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) The coupling agent is selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; (2) The coupling agent has a weight ratio of 0.2 to 0.8 parts; (3) The heat stabilizer is selected from copper salt antioxidants or composite heat stabilizers. The copper salt antioxidant includes at least one of cuprous halides and alkali metal halides. The composite heat stabilizer includes at least one of free radical scavengers and hydroperoxide decomposers. The free radical scavengers include hindered phenolic antioxidants. The hydroperoxide decomposers include at least one of phosphite antioxidants and thioester antioxidants. (4) The heat stabilizer is 0.3 to 1 part by weight; (5) The lubricant is selected from at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide and its modified materials, hyperbranched polymeric lubricants and silicones; (6) The lubricant is present in a weight ratio of 0.4 to 1.5 parts; (7) The water-resistant agent is selected from carboimide-based anti-hydrolysis agents; (8) The water-resistant agent is 0.2 to 0.8 parts by weight.
7. A method for preparing a nylon composite material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The mixture of nylon, glass fiber, functional resin, functional filler, compatibilizer and crosslinking agent is melt-extruded. The functional resin includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, wherein the weight-average molecular weight of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is between 1 million and 5 million. The functional filler includes silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride, wherein the particle size D50 of the silane-modified plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride is between 300 nm and 5 μm.
8. The method for preparing the nylon composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the silane-modified plate-like hexagonal boron nitride includes the following steps: Grafting hydroxyl groups onto plate-like hexagonal boron nitride; This causes silane to hydrolyze, producing hydrolysis products containing hydroxyl groups; The condensation reaction is carried out between the hydroxyl-grafted plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride and the hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis product.
9. The method for preparing the nylon composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) Grafting hydroxyl groups onto the plate-like hexagonal boron nitride includes the following steps: placing the plate-like hexagonal boron nitride in an alkaline solution for a first heat treatment; (2) Hydrolyzing silane to generate hydroxyl-containing hydrolysis products includes the following steps: mixing silane, acidic catalyst and solvent, and performing a second heat treatment; (3) The temperature at which the condensation reaction occurs is 60℃~80℃; (4) The condensation reaction takes 3 to 6 hours.
10. The method for preparing the nylon composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) The alkali in the alkaline solution is selected from sodium hydroxide; (2) The alkali concentration in the alkaline solution is 1 mol / L to 5 mol / L; (3) The mass ratio of the plate-shaped hexagonal boron nitride to the alkali in the alkaline solution is 1:(5~10). (4) The temperature of the first heat treatment is 80℃~95℃; (5) The duration of the first heat treatment is 3h to 6h; (6) Before placing the sheet-like hexagonal boron nitride in the alkaline solution, the method further includes the following step: baking the sheet-like hexagonal boron nitride; (7) After the first heat treatment, the following steps are also included: collecting the solid product, drying it, and obtaining the flaky hexagonal boron nitride grafted with hydroxyl groups.
11. The method for preparing the nylon composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes at least one of the following features: (1) The silane is selected from at least one of vinyltris(β-methoxyethoxy)silane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyl-methoxyethylsilane; (2) The acidic catalyst is selected from at least one of acetic acid and oxalic acid; (3) The amount of acidic catalyst used is such that the pH value of the mixture of silane, acidic catalyst and solvent is 4~6; (4) The solvent includes ethanol and water, and the mass ratio of the silane, ethanol and water is (1~3):(92~98):(2~8); (4) The temperature of the second heat treatment is 60℃~80℃; (5) The second heat treatment time is 0.5h~1h.
12. A toilet seat, characterized in that, Made from the nylon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, or made from the nylon composite material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 11.