Cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicle and preparation method of cleaning agent

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning agent for an unmanned aerial vehicle and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cleaning agents. In order to solve the problems that insect residues on the surface of an unmanned aerial vehicle are difficult to clean and a lightweight composite shell is easily damaged by traditional mechanical scrubbing, the invention provides the cleaning agent containing the expanded microspheres and a basic cleaning component, the expanded microspheres are composed of shell layers and inner core layers, the shell layers are composed of chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol, and the inner core layers are composed of chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol. The surface of the shell layer is modified with positively charged groups and groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds, and the inner core layer consists of polyacrylic acid and magnesium lithium silicate. When the cleaning agent acts, microsphere surface groups are specifically combined with residue protein, an acidic microenvironment triggers selective dissolution of chitosan, polyacrylic acid absorbs water and expands to generate directional pressure, residues are torn to form microchannels, a surfactant and isopropanol permeate along the microchannels, and efficient stripping of the residues is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cleaning agent technology, and relates to a cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of agricultural modernization, drones have been widely used in agricultural pesticide spraying operations due to their advantages such as high operating efficiency, uniform spraying, and reduced manual labor. In actual spraying, drones fly at high speeds, making them prone to colliding with small insects such as mosquitoes and moths; at the same time, pesticides themselves have the effect of attracting or killing some insects. The combination of these two factors results in a large amount of insect carcasses and residue easily adhering to the surface of the drone's fuselage, propellers, and other surfaces.

[0003] After a drone operation, the insect carcasses and residues dry and solidify rapidly with changes in ambient temperature, adhering tightly to the drone's surface. Currently, there are two main methods for cleaning these residues: one is to rinse directly with water. However, because the dried insect carcasses and residues adhere strongly to the drone's surface, water alone cannot effectively break down their adhesion structure, resulting in extremely poor cleaning. The other method is to use common industrial or household cleaning agents. These agents are mostly designed for conventional contaminants such as oil and dust, and lack specificity for insect carcasses and residues. Therefore, it is still necessary to use tools such as brushes to vigorously scrub or wash the outer shell, propellers, and other components to remove the residues.

[0004] However, drone fuselages are mostly made of lightweight composite materials, which are easily scratched and worn when vigorously scrubbed with a brush. This damage not only disrupts the original smoothness and aesthetics of the fuselage but also weakens its protective performance. Once the fuselage is damaged, rainwater and pesticide residues can easily seep into the drone during subsequent operations, corroding internal circuitry or components. Simultaneously, scratches and wear reduce the structural strength of the fuselage, potentially causing cracks and other safety hazards during high-speed flight or takeoff and landing, directly impacting the drone's lifespan and operational safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cleaning agent for drones and its preparation method, which can effectively remove insect carcasses and residues attached to the surface of drones and avoid damage to the lightweight composite material shell of the drone body caused by mechanical brushing.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising expanded microspheres and basic cleaning components; the expanded microspheres are composed of an outer shell layer and a core layer, the outer shell layer is composed of chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol, the surface of the outer shell layer is modified with positively charged groups and groups that can form hydrogen bonds with proteins, and the core layer is composed of polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate.

[0007] Preferably, in the outer shell layer, the mass ratio of chitosan, gelatin, and polyvinyl alcohol is (1.5-2.0):(1.0-1.5):(0.5-1.0).

[0008] Preferably, the positively charged group is provided by trimethylammonium chloride, and the group capable of forming hydrogen bonds with proteins is provided by 2-aminoethylethanol.

[0009] Preferably, the method for preparing the expanded microspheres includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve chitosan in acetic acid solution, add gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol, stir until completely dissolved, add trimethylammonium chloride and 2-aminoethyl ethanol, stir to modify, cool and stand to obtain outer shell solution. S2. Polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate are dispersed in deionized water, an initiator is added, and nitrogen gas is passed through to deoxygenate the mixture to form a water-absorbing and swelling hydrogel, thus obtaining the core layer solution. S3. Drop the core layer solution into the outer shell layer solution, emulsify it into a nucleus, add CaCl2 solution for cross-linking and solidification, and then centrifuge to separate it. S4. The product obtained in step S3 is sequentially washed, freeze-dried, and sieved to obtain the expanded microspheres.

[0010] Preferably, the initiator is APS and TEMED.

[0011] Preferably, the basic cleaning components include a nonionic surfactant, an organic solvent, sodium bicarbonate, and deionized water.

[0012] Preferably, by weight, the basic cleaning components include: 2.0-3.0 parts of nonionic surfactant, 7.0-9.0 parts of organic solvent, 0.5-1.0 parts of sodium bicarbonate, and 85-90 parts of deionized water; the amount of expanded microspheres added is 0.3-0.8 parts.

[0013] Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; and the organic solvent is isopropanol.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the cleaning agent for drones as described above, comprising the following steps: Y1. Mix the basic cleaning components to obtain mixture a; Y2. Adjust the pH of mixture a to 8.5 ± 0.2 to obtain mixture b; Y3. Mix the expanded microspheres with deionized water to obtain a microsphere suspension. Then add the microsphere suspension to the mixture b, stir and mix, and filter to obtain the cleaning agent for drones.

[0015] Preferably, in step Y3, the microsphere suspension is ultrasonically dispersed at 300W power for 8-12 minutes before being added to the mixture b.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This cleaning agent, through the specific design of expanded microspheres, effectively solves the pain points of traditional drone insect residue cleaning, such as mechanical wear, low efficiency, and excessive residue. When the cleaning agent acts on the surface of the attached insect residue, the local pH at the micro-interface of the cleaning agent and residue rapidly drops to 5-6 due to the acidity of the insect residue, forming an acidic microenvironment. The positively charged groups (trimethylammonium chloride) modified on the surface of the microsphere shell form electrostatic bonds with the protein components in the residue, and the hydrogen-bonding groups (2-aminoethylethanol) further enhance the anchoring effect. In the acidic microenvironment, chitosan selectively dissolves, while gelatin gelles under acidic conditions to form a three-dimensional network structure. Polyvinyl alcohol maintains its structural integrity due to its acid resistance. Together, they form a porous flexible framework to continuously anchor the residue. At the same time, the polyacrylic acid in the core layer absorbs water and swells, generating directional internal pressure, which is precisely transmitted to the residue through the flexible framework, causing structural tearing of the residue and the formation of microchannels. The fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant and isopropanol in the basic cleaning components rapidly penetrate along microchannels, emulsifying and decomposing substances adhering to the protein-oil interface, significantly weakening the bond strength between residues and the machine body. Finally, only a rinse with water is needed to completely remove the residue, avoiding scratches and wear caused by mechanical brushing to the composite material of the machine body.

[0017] 2. The synergistic effect of polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate in the core layer ensures a stable and controllable cleaning process. Polyacrylic acid expands rapidly upon contact with moisture, generating directional internal pressure, which is the core driving force for tearing the residue. The layered structure of lithium magnesium silicate serves as the core framework, which can both regulate the expansion rate to prevent excessive expansion that could cause microsphere rupture and enhance the core strength to prevent collapse, thus ensuring that the cleaning pressure acts continuously and stably on the residue interface. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below. Example 1

[0019] A cleaning agent for drones comprises the following components in parts by weight, as shown in Table 1.

[0020] Table 1

[0021] The raw materials and specific preparation methods for the expanded microspheres are as follows: I. Raw materials for the preparation of expanded microspheres: Shell layer raw materials: chitosan 1.8g, gelatin 1.2g, polyvinyl alcohol 0.8g, the mass ratio of the three is 1.8:1.2:0.8; surface modifiers trimethylammonium chloride 1.0g, 2-aminoethyl ethanol 0.8g; 1% acetic acid solution 50mL; Core layer raw materials: 2.5g polyacrylic acid, 1.0g lithium magnesium silicate; 0.3g ammonium persulfate (APS) initiator, 0.2mL tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED); 20mL 5% CaCl2 solution; 60mL deionized water.

[0022] II. Preparation method of expanded microspheres: S1. Dissolve chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution and stir at 35°C for 30 min until completely dissolved; add gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol to the above solution, heat to 50°C, and continue stirring for 60 min until the gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol are completely dissolved; after cooling to 30°C, add trimethylammonium chloride and 2-aminoethyl ethanol, and stir for 45 min for surface modification; after modification, let stand at room temperature for 2 h to obtain the outer shell layer solution.

[0023] S2. Polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate are dispersed in deionized water and ultrasonically treated with 300W power for 15 minutes until uniform dispersion is achieved. Initiator APS and TEMED are added to the dispersion, and high-purity nitrogen is introduced for 30 minutes for deoxygenation. After deoxygenation, the mixture is reacted at 60℃ for 2 hours to form a water-absorbing and swelling hydrogel. The hydrogel is sheared for 3 minutes using a high-speed shear machine (8000 rpm) to obtain the core layer solution.

[0024] S3. The core layer solution is added to the outer shell layer solution through a constant pressure dropping funnel at a dropping rate of 1 drop / second, while stirring at 500 rpm for 30 min to emulsify and nucleate. After nucleation, 5% CaCl2 solution is added to the system and stirring is continued for 2 h to crosslink and solidify. After crosslinking, the mixture is transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min. The supernatant is discarded and the lower layer of crude microspheres is collected.

[0025] S4. Rinse the crude microspheres three times with deionized water, 10 mL each time, to remove unreacted raw materials; place the washed microspheres in a freeze dryer and dry them for 24 h at a temperature of -50℃ and a vacuum of 100 Pa; after drying, sieve them with a 100-mesh standard sieve to obtain the target expanded microspheres.

[0026] The preparation of a cleaning agent for drones includes the following steps: Y1. Take 882g of deionized water required for the basic cleaning components, and reserve 10g for subsequent microsphere suspension preparation; add the remaining 872g of deionized water to the container, add 8g of sodium bicarbonate, and stir for 20min until the sodium bicarbonate is completely dissolved; add 80g of isopropanol and 25g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the container in sequence, and stir at 600rpm for 30min at 40℃ to obtain mixture a. Y2. Adjust the pH value of mixture a with a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. Monitor the pH value in real time with a pH meter during the adjustment process until the pH value reaches 8.5, thus obtaining mixture b. Y3. Take 5g of expanded microspheres, add 10g of reserved deionized water, and stir for 10min to form a microsphere suspension; place the microsphere suspension in an ultrasonic instrument and sonicate at 300W power for 10min; slowly add the sonicated suspension to mixture b, and stir at 400rpm for 60min until uniformly mixed; finally filter with a 200-mesh nylon sieve to remove undispersed micro-agglomerates, thus obtaining the cleaning agent for drones. Example 2

[0027] A cleaning agent for drones comprises the following components in parts by weight, as shown in Table 2.

[0028] Table 2

[0029] The raw materials and specific preparation methods for the expanded microspheres are as follows: I. Raw Materials for the Preparation of Expanded Microspheres Shell layer raw materials: chitosan 1.5g, gelatin 1.0g, polyvinyl alcohol 0.5g (mass ratio of the three is 1.5:1.0:0.5); surface modifiers trimethylammonium chloride 0.8g, 2-aminoethyl ethanol 0.6g; 1% acetic acid solution 50mL; Core layer raw materials: 2.0g polyacrylic acid, 0.8g lithium magnesium silicate; 0.2g ammonium persulfate (APS) initiator, 0.15mL tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED); 20mL 5% CaCl2 solution; 50mL deionized water. II. Preparation method of expanded microspheres S1. Dissolve chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution and stir at 32°C for 35 min until completely dissolved; add gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol to the above solution, heat to 48°C, and continue stirring for 65 min until the gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol are completely dissolved; after cooling to 28°C, add trimethylammonium chloride and 2-aminoethyl ethanol, and stir for 50 min for surface modification; after modification, let stand at room temperature for 2.5 h to obtain the outer shell layer solution. S2. Polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate are dispersed in deionized water and ultrasonically treated with 300W power for 18 minutes until uniform dispersion is achieved. Initiator APS and TEMED are added to the dispersion, and high-purity nitrogen is introduced for 35 minutes for deoxygenation. After deoxygenation, the mixture is reacted at 58℃ for 2.5 hours to form a water-absorbing and swelling hydrogel. The hydrogel is sheared with a high-speed shear machine (7500 rpm) for 4 minutes to obtain the core layer solution. S3. The core layer solution is added dropwise to the outer shell layer solution through a constant pressure dropping funnel at a dropping rate of 1 drop / second, while stirring at 450 rpm for 35 min to emulsify and nucleate. After nucleation, 5% CaCl2 solution is added to the system and stirring is continued for 2.5 h to crosslink and solidify. After crosslinking, the mixture is transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 2800 rpm for 25 min. The supernatant is discarded and the lower layer of crude microspheres is collected. S4. Rinse the crude microspheres three times with deionized water, 10 mL each time, to remove unreacted raw materials; place the washed microspheres in a freeze dryer and dry them for 26 h at a temperature of -55℃ and a vacuum of 80 Pa; after drying, sieve them with a 100-mesh standard sieve to obtain the target expanded microspheres. The preparation of a cleaning agent for drones includes the following steps: Y1. Take 897g of deionized water required for the basic cleaning components, and reserve 8g for subsequent microsphere suspension preparation; add the remaining 889g of deionized water to the container, add 5g of sodium bicarbonate, and stir for 25min until the sodium bicarbonate is completely dissolved; add 70g of isopropanol and 20g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the container in sequence, and stir at 38℃ and 550rpm for 35min to obtain mixture a. Y2. Adjust the pH value of mixture a with a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. Monitor the pH value in real time with a pH meter during the adjustment process until the pH value reaches 8.3, thus obtaining mixture b. Y3. Take 3g of expanded microspheres, add 8g of reserved deionized water, and stir for 12min to form a microsphere suspension; place the microsphere suspension in an ultrasonic instrument and sonicate at 300W power for 8min; slowly add the sonicated suspension to mixture b, and stir at 350rpm for 65min until uniformly mixed; finally filter with a 200-mesh nylon sieve to remove undispersed micro-agglomerates, thus obtaining the cleaning agent for drones. Example 3

[0030] A cleaning agent for drones comprises the following components in parts by weight, as shown in Table 3.

[0031] Table 3

[0032] The raw materials and specific preparation methods for the expanded microspheres are as follows: I. Raw Materials for the Preparation of Expanded Microspheres Shell layer raw materials: chitosan 2.0g, gelatin 1.5g, polyvinyl alcohol 1.0g (mass ratio of the three is 2.0:1.5:1.0); surface modifiers trimethylammonium chloride 1.2g, 2-aminoethyl ethanol 1.0g; 1% acetic acid solution 50mL; Core layer raw materials: 3.0g polyacrylic acid, 1.2g lithium magnesium silicate; 0.4g ammonium persulfate (APS) initiator, 0.25mL tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED); 20mL 5% CaCl2 solution; 60mL deionized water. II. Preparation method of expanded microspheres S1. Dissolve chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution and stir at 38°C for 25 min until completely dissolved; add gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol to the above solution, heat to 52°C, and continue stirring for 55 min until the gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol are completely dissolved; after cooling to 32°C, add trimethylammonium chloride and 2-aminoethyl ethanol, and stir for 40 min for surface modification; after modification, let stand at room temperature for 1.5 h to obtain the outer shell solution. S2. Polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate are dispersed in deionized water and ultrasonically treated with 300W power for 20 minutes until uniform dispersion is achieved. Initiator APS and TEMED are added to the dispersion, and high-purity nitrogen is introduced for 25 minutes for deoxygenation. After deoxygenation, the mixture is reacted at 55℃ for 1.5 hours to form a water-absorbing and swelling hydrogel. The hydrogel is sheared for 2 minutes using a high-speed shear machine (8500 rpm) to obtain the core layer solution. S3. The core layer solution is added to the outer shell layer solution through a constant pressure dropping funnel at a dropping rate of 1 drop / second, while stirring at 550 rpm for 25 min to emulsify and nucleate. After nucleation, 5% CaCl2 solution is added to the system and stirring is continued for 2 h to crosslink and solidify. After crosslinking, the mixture is transferred to a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. The supernatant is discarded and the lower layer of crude microspheres is collected. S4. Rinse the crude microspheres three times with deionized water, 10 mL each time, to remove unreacted raw materials; place the washed microspheres in a freeze dryer and dry them for 22 h at a temperature of -45℃ and a vacuum of 120 Pa; after drying, sieve them with a 100-mesh standard sieve to obtain the target expanded microspheres. The preparation of a cleaning agent for drones includes the following steps: Y1. Take 862g of deionized water required for the basic cleaning components, and reserve 12g for subsequent microsphere suspension preparation; add the remaining 850g of deionized water to the container, add 10g of sodium bicarbonate, and stir for 15min until the sodium bicarbonate is completely dissolved; add 90g of isopropanol and 30g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether to the container in sequence, and stir at 42℃ and 650rpm for 25min to obtain mixture a. Y2. Adjust the pH value of mixture a with a 10% sodium hydroxide solution. Monitor the pH value in real time with a pH meter during the adjustment process until the pH value reaches 8.7, thus obtaining mixture b. Y3. Take 8g of expanded microspheres, add 12g of reserved deionized water, and stir for 8min to form a microsphere suspension; place the microsphere suspension in an ultrasonic instrument and sonicate at 300W power for 12min; slowly add the sonicated suspension to the mixture b, and stir at 450rpm for 55min until uniformly mixed; finally filter with a 200-mesh nylon sieve to remove undispersed micro-agglomerates, thus obtaining the cleaning agent for drones.

[0033] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that an equal amount of deionized water is used instead of the expanded microspheres.

[0034] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the outer shell of the expanded microspheres was not modified with positively charged groups (trimethylammonium chloride was not added) or groups that can form hydrogen bonds with proteins (2-aminoethylethanol was not added).

[0035] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the core layer of the expanded microspheres uses only polyacrylic acid, and an equal amount of polyacrylic acid is used instead of lithium magnesium silicate.

[0036] Test example: Insect residue removal effect and body damage test.

[0037] method: a. Sample: ABS engineering plastic sheet, model: PA-757, size 50mm×50mm×2mm, produced by Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd. of Taiwan, China, was selected as the test sample. The surface of the sample was wiped twice with anhydrous ethanol and then placed in a ventilated place at 25℃ to dry. The pretreatment was to ensure that the sample was clean and free of scratches and oil stains.

[0038] b. Residue Preparation: Select common insects that attach to drones during operations (mosquitoes and moths, mass ratio 1:1), grind them into uniform residue powder, add deionized water (solid-liquid ratio 1:2) to form a paste, and then mix at 0.1 g / cm³. 2 The coating was evenly applied to the surface of the ABS sample and then allowed to dry naturally for 24 hours in an environment of 25°C and 60% relative humidity, simulating the drying and solidification state of insect residue after field operations.

[0039] c. Cleaning procedure: Take the cleaning agents of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, with 3 parallel ABS samples for each type of cleaning agent. Spray 5 mL / 100 cm² evenly onto the surface of the sample residue. After standing at room temperature for 15 min, rinse with 0.2 MPa water for 30 s (rinsing distance 15 cm, water flow direction at 45° to the sample surface). Observe and record the residue. If there is residue, further record whether a soft brush is needed for wiping and the number of wiping times (light wiping force: 50 g / cm² pressure).

[0040] d. Damage detection: After cleaning, observe the surface of the ABS sample with a 200x optical microscope, focusing on the following: 1. Number of scratches (count the total number of visible scratches); 2. Wear condition (observe whether there are dull or rough areas), and determine the damage level accordingly.

[0041] Evaluation criteria: 1. Evaluation Criteria for Insect Residue Removal Effectiveness Completely removed: No visible residue remains after rinsing with water; no additional wiping is required. Partial removal: After rinsing with water, the residual area is less than 10%. Gently wiping with a soft brush 1-3 times can completely remove it. Not removed: Residual area ≥10% after rinsing with water, or obvious residue still after wiping with a soft brush more than 3 times. 2. Airframe Damage Level Evaluation Standards No damage: The surface is free of any scratches or wear marks, and no abnormalities are observed under a microscope; Minor damage: ≤2 surface scratches, no signs of wear; Significant damage: More than 2 surface scratches, or localized minor wear (dull area ≥ 3 mm²). See Table 4 for specific test case data.

[0042] Table 4

[0043] As shown in Table 4, the cleaning agents prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention exhibit significant advantages in both insect residue removal and fuselage damage control. All three examples achieved a "complete removal" cleaning effect, meaning no visible residue remained after rinsing with water, requiring no additional wiping, and the cleaned ABS sample surface showed no scratches or wear, with a damage level assessment of "no damage." This result fully verifies that the cleaning agent of this invention can effectively protect the integrity of lightweight composite material components of the UAV while efficiently removing dried insect residue.

[0044] In-depth comparative analysis shows that the specific design of the expanded microspheres is the core technology for achieving "non-destructive cleaning". The test results of Comparative Example 1 (without expanded microspheres) show that the basic cleaning components alone cannot effectively remove dried insect residue. Five soft brush wipings are required to partially remove it, and the sample surface has four obvious scratches and local wear, with the damage level reaching "significant damage". This directly confirms the irreplaceable role of expanded microspheres in residue anchoring and structural tearing.

[0045] The test results of Comparative Example 2 (without modified bifunctional groups on the outer shell) further revealed the criticality of surface modification groups. Due to the lack of positively charged groups (trimethylammonium chloride) and hydrogen-bonding groups (2-aminoethylethanol), the electrostatic bonding force between the microspheres and the residue and the hydrogen bond strengthening effect were weakened, resulting in a removal effect reduced to "partial removal". Two auxiliary wipings were required. Although no wear occurred, one scratch appeared, indicating that surface modification is a key technical element for improving removal efficiency and reducing mechanical intervention.

[0046] Comparative Example 3 (without lithium magnesium silicate in the core layer) verified the importance of the synergistic effect of the two components in the core layer. The microspheres using only polyacrylic acid exhibited unstable expansion force, failing to generate a continuous and stable cleaning pressure, resulting in only "partial removal" requiring three auxiliary wipes and producing two scratches. This confirms the indispensability of lithium magnesium silicate in regulating the expansion rate and providing support for the core framework; its synergistic effect with polyacrylic acid ensures a stable and controllable cleaning process.

[0047] In summary, this invention, through the innovative design of a dual-group modification of the outer shell of the expanded microspheres and a synergistic system of polyacrylic acid-lithium magnesium silicate in the core layer, combined with a reasonable ratio of basic cleaning components, successfully achieves the dual technical goals of "highly efficient removal and no damage." This technical solution not only solves the dual pain points of poor removal effect and easy damage to the drone body in traditional cleaning methods, but also provides a practical solution for rapid and safe cleaning of agricultural drones after operation, demonstrating significant practical value and market application prospects.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles, characterized in that, It includes expanded microspheres and basic cleaning components; the expanded microspheres are composed of an outer shell layer and a core layer, the outer shell layer is composed of chitosan, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol, the surface of the outer shell layer is modified with positively charged groups and groups that can form hydrogen bonds with proteins, and the core layer is composed of polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate.

2. The cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the outer shell layer, the mass ratio of chitosan, gelatin, and polyvinyl alcohol is (1.5-2.0):(1.0-1.5):(0.5-1.0).

3. The cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positively charged group is provided by trimethylammonium chloride, and the group that can form hydrogen bonds with proteins is provided by 2-aminoethylethanol.

4. The cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for preparing the expanded microspheres includes the following steps: S1. Dissolve chitosan in acetic acid solution, add gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol, stir until completely dissolved, add trimethylammonium chloride and 2-aminoethyl ethanol, stir to modify, cool and stand to obtain outer shell solution. S2. Polyacrylic acid and lithium magnesium silicate are dispersed in deionized water, an initiator is added, and nitrogen gas is passed through to deoxygenate the mixture to form a water-absorbing and swelling hydrogel, thus obtaining the core layer solution. S3. Drop the core layer solution into the outer shell layer solution, emulsify it into a nucleus, add CaCl2 solution for cross-linking and solidification, and then centrifuge to separate it. S4. The product obtained in step S3 is sequentially washed, freeze-dried, and sieved to obtain the expanded microspheres.

5. A cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initiators are APS and TEMED.

6. The cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic cleaning components include nonionic surfactants, organic solvents, sodium bicarbonate, and deionized water.

7. A cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The basic cleaning components, by weight, include: 2.0-3.0 parts of nonionic surfactant, 7.0-9.0 parts of organic solvent, 0.5-1.0 parts of sodium bicarbonate, and 85-90 parts of deionized water; the amount of expanded microspheres added is 0.3-0.8 parts.

8. A cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The nonionic surfactant is a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the organic solvent is isopropanol.

9. A method for preparing a cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Y1. Mix the basic cleaning components to obtain mixture a; Y2. Adjust the pH of mixture a to 8.5 ± 0.2 to obtain mixture b; Y3. Mix the expanded microspheres with deionized water to obtain a microsphere suspension. Then add the microsphere suspension to the mixture b, stir and mix, and filter to obtain the cleaning agent for drones.

10. The method for preparing the cleaning agent for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step Y3, the microsphere suspension is ultrasonically dispersed at 300W for 8-12 minutes before being added to the mixture b.

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