Permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connecting kit

Abstract

The invention relates to a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connecting kit which comprises a locking bolt (1), a locking nut (2), a locking sleeve (3) and a locking pin (4). Relative rotation between the bolt and the nut is restrained through the fixed meshing relation between the locking sleeve and the locking nut and between the locking sleeve and the locking bolt; the sleeve is prevented from falling off accidentally in the axial direction under the action of vibration force through self-locking modes such as a pin connection interlocking mode, a cylindrical surface interference fit mode or a conical surface tight fit mode; the axial relative movement of the bolt and the nut is indirectly restrained through circumferential movement constraint; permanent locking is achieved through circumferential and axial movement constraint of the locking sleeve, the locking bolt and the locking nut. The connecting kit is large in anti-loosening torque, free of attenuation, free of loosening forever and suitable for strong vibration working conditions; locking is reliable, falling is avoided forever, and the device is suitable for large sudden change load working conditions; the structure is not weakened, and the device is suitable for heavy-load working conditions; the device is simple in structure, small in external member size and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, belonging to the field of mechanical connection anti-loosening technology, and is particularly suitable for bolt connections of TBMs subjected to heavy loads, large sudden load changes, and strong vibration loads. Background Technology

[0002] Bolted connections, especially those subjected to heavy loads, large sudden load changes, and strong vibration loads, have always presented a significant challenge in preventing loosening and ensuring tightness. For example, in TBM tunneling machines and other mining machinery, loose or failed bolted connections not only make replacement difficult but can also lead to catastrophic accidents.

[0003] Commonly known frictional and mechanical anti-loosening methods mostly only involve anti-loosening or locking. For example, the well-known double nut anti-loosening method has a large initial anti-loosening torque. However, due to the lack of a locking method that fully restrains the relative movement between the bolt and nut, under vibration conditions, once a slight rotation occurs, the anti-loosening torque will gradually decrease through continuous accumulation, eventually causing the connection to fail.

[0004] The well-known slotted nut locking structure restricts the relative position of the nut and bolt after tightening, with a maximum angular deviation of 30 degrees. In extreme cases, the nut must be tightened by another 30 degrees (1 / 12 turn) or loosened by another 30 degrees to align the hole on the bolt with the slot on the nut, thus affecting the accuracy of the tightening torque. Excessive tightening torque can significantly reduce the connection strength of the bolt, while insufficient tightening torque can significantly reduce the anti-loosening torque; both will have adverse consequences. For light-load working conditions, single-nut connections, relatively long bolts, or fine-thread connections, the impact on tightening and anti-loosening torque is relatively small. However, for heavy-load working conditions, the second nut in a double-nut connection, relatively short bolts, or coarse-thread connections, the impact on tightening and anti-loosening torque is relatively large.

[0005] It is evident that the connection between the slotted nut and the cotter pin primarily serves to prevent loosening and provides a certain degree of locking, with limited effectiveness in preventing bolt loosening. Because the cotter pin is subjected to shear force, its cross-sectional area is only about 5% of the bolt's minor diameter cross-sectional area, resulting in very limited shear capacity. It is therefore difficult to withstand heavy loads, large sudden changes in load, or the impact of strong vibration loads.

[0006] Publication No. CN201811609001.0 discloses a bolt anti-loosening assembly and a turnout, employing a positioning washer and specifically designed for railway turnout connections. This solution is highly reliable for screw connections, but for bolt connections, it lacks a device to restrict relative rotation between the bolt and nut. Furthermore, this assembly is a specialized part, limiting its application. Publication No. CN202320272952.3 discloses a bolt anti-loosening device, featuring a fixed ferrule for four bolts on the connected components, and a movable ferrule that mates with the nut. The movable ferrule is placed inside the fixed ferrule and connected with screws. Besides the aforementioned problems, this solution's principle is similar to a super-bolt connection, using a group of bolts instead of a single bolt connection, resulting in a complex structure, increased manufacturing costs, and potentially limited application due to installation constraints. Publication No. CN202310099818.2 discloses a nut-bolt anti-loosening reinforcement sleeve, proposing a rigid connection between two nuts for anti-loosening. This solution primarily utilizes the synchronous characteristics of the two nuts to form a rigid connection. Theoretical analysis shows that its function is equivalent to two pairs of top nuts being connected first and then welded together; according to relevant anti-vibration test results, when the top nuts loosen, the first and second level nuts loosen almost simultaneously, and it has little to do with whether they are synchronized or not, indicating that it is not a permanent anti-loosening measure.

[0007] In summary, the key issues with known removable friction or mechanical bolt and nut anti-loosening and locking solutions are mainly: (1) Some locking devices are loose or can only withstand a small locking force, mainly used to prevent slippage and cannot lock; some locking devices are unlocked after being subjected to a large enough external load, resulting in unreliable locking and failing to achieve the purpose of permanent locking.

[0008] (2) Some anti-loosening torques rely on the friction torque of the threaded connection itself, with limited additional torque and weak anti-loosening ability; some have large initial anti-loosening torques, but due to the lack of an absolute locking device, the anti-loosening torque will gradually decrease over time, causing the problem of loose anti-loosening and failing to achieve the purpose of permanent anti-loosening.

[0009] (3) Under the given optimal tightening torque, some connection methods failed to optimize their connection structure through scientific methods to reduce the maximum relative rotation angle deviation of the nut assembly, resulting in a maximum relative rotation angle deviation of 30 degrees between the nut and the bolt, thus limiting the accuracy of the tightening torque. A large deviation in tightening torque will cause a reduction in the strength of the bolt connection, a weakening of the anti-loosening ability, a reduction in the locking force, and a compromise in performance, resulting in a comprehensive reduction in the performance of the bolt connection and failing to achieve the expected anti-loosening or locking effect.

[0010] (4) Some locking devices have small mechanical structure dimensions and relatively weak structural strength. Compared with the force of bolt and nut connection, they cannot withstand large axial tensile loads or circumferential torsional loads, thus causing serious problems such as unreliable locking or loosening prevention, making them unsuitable for heavy load, large sudden load and strong vibration load working conditions.

[0011] In summary, existing friction-based or mechanical bolt and nut anti-loosening and locking technologies have failed to adequately address the four key issues mentioned above: ineffective anti-loosening, unreliable locking, weak load-bearing capacity, and compromised performance. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the anti-loosening and locking mechanisms of existing bolt and nut connections by disclosing a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit.

[0013] The specific objectives of this invention are as follows: (1) Invent a self-locking or interlocking mechanical component locking device that completely locks the movement in the direction of force and completely locks the movement in the direction of no force, so as to achieve the purpose of permanent locking.

[0014] (2) Invent a mechanical anti-loosening device to increase the anti-loosening torque and ensure that the anti-loosening torque is always maintained without decay, so as to achieve the purpose of permanent anti-loosening.

[0015] (3) Optimize its connection structure parameters, significantly reduce the maximum relative rotation angle deviation when the nut is pre-tightened, improve the pre-tightening force matching accuracy, and achieve the goal of not compromising the performance of the bolt connection.

[0016] (4) With the goal of optimizing the force transmission path, maximizing the force contact surface, and ensuring the most uniform distributed force, optimize the force transmission device, increase the locking capacity of the locking device, and enhance the anti-loosening capacity of the anti-loosening device to achieve the purpose of strong load-bearing capacity of bolted connections.

[0017] The technical solution implemented by the present invention is as follows: a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, including a locking bolt 1, a locking nut 2, a locking sleeve 3, and a locking pin 4.

[0018] This invention constrains the relative rotation between the bolt and nut through the fixed engagement of the locking sleeve, locking nut, and locking bolt; it prevents the sleeve from accidentally falling off axially under vibration through self-locking methods such as pin connection interlocking, cylindrical interference fit, or conical tight fit; the bolt and nut are indirectly constrained in axial relative movement through circumferential movement constraints; and permanent locking is achieved through the circumferential and axial movement constraints of the locking sleeve, locking bolt, and locking nut.

[0019] The fixed meshing relationship not only constrains the circumferential relative movement between components, but also directly transmits the circumferential constraint torque and indirectly transmits the axial force between the bolt and nut; the locking sleeve has no axial force acting on it; thus achieving the purpose of permanent locking.

[0020] The permanent anti-loosening capability of this invention is achieved by optimizing the force transmission path. The basic anti-loosening torque is provided by the threaded connection of the bolt and nut, and an additional anti-loosening torque, which is larger than that of the threaded connection, is transmitted by the locking sleeve, locking bolt and locking nut. Since the additional torque is generated by elastic deformation, it has the function of restoring the original motion tendency and does not decrease due to positional loosening, thereby achieving the purpose of permanent anti-loosening.

[0021] The present invention achieves uncompromised performance by optimizing the number of meshing teeth Z1 between the locking sleeve and the locking nut and the number of meshing teeth Z2 between the locking sleeve and the locking bolt, minimizing their maximum approximation. This enhances the adaptability to different degrees of angular position deviation, reduces the maximum relative angular deviation during bolt pre-tightening, and improves the accuracy of pre-tightening torque matching, thus achieving the goal of uncompromised performance.

[0022] The load-bearing capacity of this invention is achieved by realizing permanent locking with a large locking force; realizing permanent anti-loosening with a large anti-loosening torque; and ensuring that performance, mechanical strength, anti-loosening torque, and locking force are guaranteed without compromise, thereby achieving the goal of strong load-bearing capacity.

[0023] The locking bolt 1 has a first columnar boss 1T of regular polygonal shape at the threaded end; and a first radial locking hole 1H is provided on one side of the first columnar boss; the locking sleeve 3 is a convex sleeve structure, with a second columnar boss 3T at the top and a cylindrical shape at the bottom; one end of the locking sleeve is provided with a first internal tooth ring 31Z composed of prism-shaped triangular teeth that match the outer side of the locking nut 2, and the other end is provided with a second internal tooth ring 32Z composed of triangular teeth that match the outer side of the first columnar boss at the threaded end of the locking bolt.

[0024] The locking bolt 1 and the locking nut 2 form a threaded connection, allowing for helical movement between them. The first internal gear ring 31Z of the locking sleeve 3 meshes with the outer surface of the locking nut, allowing relative movement along the axial direction. This adapts to different axial positions of the locking nut without generating axial force, but the relative circumferential movement between them is completely constrained. The second internal gear ring 32Z of the locking sleeve meshes with the outer surface of the first columnar boss 1T of the locking bolt. During assembly, the two can slide relative to each other along the axial direction. After assembly, one end of its position is defined by the step at the top of the threaded end of the locking bolt, and the other end is defined by the position of the locking pin 4. The locking pin passes through the first locking hole 1H of the first columnar boss of the locking bolt, forming a pin connection.

[0025] The second columnar boss 3T has an inner side that matches the second internal gear ring 32Z, and its outer side includes a circle or a regular polygonal prism surface with the same number of inner sides; each side of the second columnar boss has a second locking hole 3H that matches the locking bolt 1 and the locking pin 4, or an open slot 3C structure.

[0026] The locking pin 4 will first pass through the second locking hole 3H or the opening groove 3C, and then pass through the first locking hole 1H to form a pin connection.

[0027] The number of teeth on the first internal gear ring 31Z is an integer multiple of the number of teeth on the outer surface of the locking nut, preferably 1 to 4 times; the number of teeth on the first columnar boss 1T is 4 to 12, preferably 5 or 7; the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring 32Z is ​​an integer multiple of the number of teeth on the second columnar boss, preferably 1 or 2 times.

[0028] According to the preferred values, one of the preferred options is that the first internal gear ring 31Z has 6 or 12 teeth, the second internal gear ring 32Z has 5 or 10 teeth, and the first columnar boss 1T has 5 sides.

[0029] According to the preferred values, a second preferred option is that the first internal gear ring 31Z has 6 or 12 teeth, the second internal gear ring 32Z has 7 teeth, and the first columnar boss 1T has 7 side faces.

[0030] The locking pin 4 includes any one of a cotter pin, a cylindrical pin, or a tapered pin, wherein the cylindrical pin is connected to the first locking hole 1H of the first columnar boss 1T by an interference fit.

[0031] The pin connection can be a tight connection formed by the second internal toothed ring 32Z of the locking sleeve engaging with the outer surface of the first columnar boss 1T of the locking bolt; the tight connection includes a prism surface interference fit or a pyramidal surface self-locking interference fit between the two.

[0032] The locking nut 2 can be a general-purpose hexagonal nut, a square nut, or a general-purpose hexagonal nut with a washer.

[0033] The kit may also include the following universal connectors: second nut 5, disc spring washer 6, first flat washer 7 and second flat washer 8, first spring washer 9 and second spring washer 10.

[0034] The second nut 5 and the locking bolt 1 form a threaded connection to prevent loosening; the second nut and the locking nut are in direct contact to form a two-stage nut connection, wherein the second nut is the primary nut and the locking nut is the secondary nut.

[0035] The disc spring washer 6 is installed between the locking nut 2 and the second nut 5, forming surface contact with the end faces of both, transmitting axial force and frictional torque between them, and compensating for the relative axial micro-displacement between them.

[0036] When the connecting kit includes the second nut 5, the first flat washer 7 is placed between the second nut and the connected part to transmit axial force and frictional torque, distribute the load evenly, and protect the friction surface; the first flat washer can be replaced by the first spring washer 9 to transmit axial force and increase and transmit anti-loosening torque; if the connecting kit includes the first flat washer, it can be fixedly connected to the second nut to form a washer-equipped second nut. When the connecting kit does not include the second nut 5, the first flat washer 7 will be placed between the locking nut 2 and the connected parts to transmit axial force and frictional torque, distribute the load evenly, and protect the friction surface; the first flat washer can be replaced by the first spring washer 9, or used simultaneously with the first spring washer; if the connecting kit includes the first flat washer, it can be fixedly connected to the locking nut to form a washer-equipped locking nut.

[0037] The second flat washer 8 is placed between the bolt head of the locking bolt 1 and the connected parts to transmit axial force and frictional torque, distribute the load evenly, and protect the friction surface. The second flat washer can be replaced by the second spring washer 10 to transmit axial force and increase and transmit frictional torque. If the anti-loosening connection kit includes the second flat washer, it can be fixedly connected to the locking bolt to form a washer-equipped locking bolt.

[0038] The first spring washer 9 or the second spring washer 10 can increase the anti-loosening torque by having a reverse anti-return function, and its elastic deformation can appropriately compensate for changes in preload.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The biggest difference between this invention and other similar products is that the locking device of this invention can not only completely lock but also completely tighten; the anti-loosening device of this invention, in addition to providing a basic anti-loosening torque, can provide a larger additional anti-loosening torque without attenuation; when the columnar boss of the bolt designed in this invention is preferably a regular pentahedron or a regular heptahedron, the greatest common divisor of its lateral surface number n and the number of teeth 6m (m=1, 2, 3, 4) of the first internal gear ring of the locking sleeve is 1, and its tightening position deviation is 30 / (mn) degrees, which is only 1 / 5 or 1 / 7 or smaller than that of a hexahedron boss; the locking device of this invention can permanently lock and withstand heavy loads and large sudden load changes; it can permanently prevent loosening and withstand strong vibration loads; the optimized structural configuration and structural parameters give it a large load-bearing capacity without compromising performance; this invention can also use auxiliary means, such as a two-stage nut connection or a disc spring washer, to further enhance the anti-loosening, locking, and vibration damping effects.

[0040] In summary, the connecting kit of this invention has a large anti-loosening torque that does not diminish and will never loosen, making it suitable for strong vibration working conditions; it has reliable locking that will never fall off, making it suitable for large sudden load working conditions; it has symmetrical force distribution without weakening the structure, making it suitable for heavy load working conditions; it has a simple structure, small kit size, and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit structure; Figure 2 Yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the locking sleeve after cross-section; Figure 3 A locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, with a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cylindrical second columnar boss; Figure 4 A locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, with a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a prismatic second columnar boss; Figure 5 A locking sleeve with an open slotted second columnar boss is shown in a three-dimensional diagram of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit. Figure 6 A locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, with a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cylindrical second columnar boss; Figure 7 This is a locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit. The locking sleeve is shown in a planar projection diagram when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 6 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 5. Figure 8 This is a locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit. The locking sleeve is shown in a planar projection diagram when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 12 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 7. Figure 9 This is a locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit. The locking sleeve is shown in a planar projection diagram when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 18 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 5. Figure 10 This is a locking sleeve for a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit. The locking sleeve has a planar projection diagram when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 24 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 5. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit structure; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit structure, with a portion of the locking sleeve cut out. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, plus optional connectors. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, plus optional connectors. In the diagram, 1 is the locking bolt; 1H is the first locking hole; 1T is the first columnar boss; 2 is the locking nut; 3 is the locking sleeve; 3B is the cover plate; 31Z is the first internal gear ring; 31Z1 is a six-tooth first internal gear ring; 31Z2 is a twelve-tooth first internal gear ring; 31Z3 is an eighteen-tooth first internal gear ring; 31Z4 is a twenty-four-tooth first internal gear ring; 32Z is ​​the second internal gear ring; 32Z5 is a five-tooth second internal gear ring. 32Z7 is the second internal gear ring with seven teeth; 3C is the locking groove; 3H is the second locking hole; 3T is the second columnar boss; 3T1 is the cylindrical second columnar boss; 3T2 is the prismatic second columnar boss; 3T3 is the open slot-shaped second columnar boss; 4 is the locking pin; 5 is the second nut; 6 is the disc spring washer; 7 is the first flat washer; 8 is the second flat washer; 9 is the first spring washer; 10 is the second spring washer. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Example 1 like Figure 1 The image shown is a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to this embodiment; Figure 1 This is the front view of this embodiment; Figure 2 The left view corresponding to the main view shows a section cut of the locking sleeve.

[0043] The kit in this embodiment comprises: a locking bolt 1, a locking nut 2, and a locking sleeve 3; the locking bolt has a first prismatic boss 1T of a regular polygon at the top of its threaded end; the locking nut is preferably a general hexagonal nut, or a general hexagonal nut with a washer, or a general square nut; the locking sleeve has a cover plate 3B on its upper part, one end of which is provided with a first internal tooth ring 31Z composed of prismatic triangular teeth that match the outer surface of the locking nut, and the other end of the cover plate has a second internal tooth ring 32Z in the middle that matches the first prismatic boss 1T at the top of the locking threaded end.

[0044] The connection relationships of the components in this embodiment are as follows: The locking bolt 1 and the locking nut 2 form a threaded connection, which can generate helical movement between them; the first internal gear ring 31Z of the locking sleeve 3 meshes with the outer surface of the locking nut, and the two can move relative to each other along the axial direction, which can adapt to different axial positions of the locking nut and does not generate axial force, but the circumferential relative movement between the two is completely constrained; the second internal gear ring 32Z of the locking sleeve meshes with the outer surface of the first columnar boss 1T at the top of the threaded end of the locking bolt, and the two can slide relative to each other along the axial direction during assembly. After assembly, one end of its position is limited by the step at the tail of the bolt, and the other end is limited by the position of the locking pin 4; the locking pin passes through the first locking hole 1H of the first columnar boss of the locking bolt to form a pin connection, locking the locking sleeve so that it cannot move along the axial direction or slip outward.

[0045] Example 2 This embodiment is a specific embodiment of several typical forms of a locking sleeve 3 with a second columnar boss 3T on a cover plate 3B, based on Embodiment 1, which is a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a planar projection of the cover plate 3B of the locking sleeve 3, which has a second columnar boss 3T.

[0047] like Figure 3-5 The figure shown is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking sleeve 3 of this embodiment, with three different configurations of the second columnar boss 3.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking sleeve 3 with a cylindrical second columnar boss 3T1; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking sleeve 3 with a prismatic second columnar boss 3T2; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking sleeve 3 with an open groove-shaped second columnar boss 3T3; Figure 3 In the middle, the cylindrical second columnar boss 3T1 belongs to... Figure 12 The second columnar boss 3T is a ten-tooth circular boss with a hole, the hole being the second locking hole 3H; its boss protrudes outward, and the axial contact line with the first columnar boss 1T on the locking bolt 1 is lengthened, resulting in higher meshing strength of its internal teeth and smaller radial structural dimensions.

[0049] Figure 4 In the middle, the second columnar boss 3T2 is a five-toothed prismatic boss with a hole, the hole being the second locking hole 3H; its boss protrudes outward, and the axial contact line with the first columnar boss 1T on the locking bolt 1 is lengthened, which makes its internal teeth meshing strength higher and its radial structural size smaller.

[0050] Figure 5 In the middle, the second columnar boss 3T3 with an open groove includes a ten-tooth circular boss with a locking groove 3C; the locking groove makes it easier to accurately locate the position of the first locking hole 1H of the locking bolt 1 during installation.

[0051] When the second columnar boss 3T is a cylindrical second columnar boss 31T or a prismatic second columnar boss 3T2, it is provided with a plurality of second locking holes 3H that are adapted to the first locking hole 1H; the second locking holes are evenly distributed circumferentially, and their center lines pass through the centroid of the second columnar boss; the locking pin will pass through the second locking holes and the first locking holes 1H to form a pin connection; when the second internal gear ring 32Z meshes with the first columnar boss 1T, the center line of each of its locking holes will be perpendicular to a certain outer side of the first columnar boss.

[0052] When the second columnar boss 3T is an open slot-shaped second columnar boss 3T3, it is provided with a plurality of locking grooves 3C that are adapted to the first locking hole 1H; the locking grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially, and their center surfaces coincide with the centroid of the second columnar boss; the locking pin will pass through the locking grooves and form a pin connection with the first locking hole 1H; when the second internal gear ring 32Z meshes with the first columnar boss 1T, the center surface of each locking groove will be perpendicular to a certain outer surface of the first columnar boss.

[0053] Example 3 This implementation is based on the locking sleeve 3 of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit in Embodiment 1, which includes: a first internal gear ring 31Z and a second internal gear ring 32Z.

[0054] like Figure 7-10 The figure shown is a planar schematic diagram of the internal gear ring of the locking sleeve in this embodiment, wherein: Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking sleeve's planar projection when the first internal gear ring has 6 teeth and the second internal gear ring has 5 teeth. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the plane projection of the locking sleeve when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 12 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 7. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the locking sleeve's planar projection when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 18 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 5. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the locking sleeve's planar projection when the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring is 24 and the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring is 5.

[0055] In this embodiment, the number of teeth on the first internal gear ring 31Z is 6 or an integer multiple of 6, with a preferred multiple of 1 to 4, corresponding to 6 teeth, 12 teeth, 18 teeth, and 24 teeth respectively; the number of sides on the columnar boss 1T is 4-12, with a preferred value of 5 or 7; the number of teeth on the second internal gear ring 32Z is ​​an integer multiple of the number of sides on the columnar boss, with a preferred value of 1 or 2 times. When the multiple is 1, the connection strength is high; when the multiple is 2, the preload setting accuracy is high.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, the six-tooth first internal gear ring 31Z1 described in this embodiment belongs to... Figure 1 The first internal gear ring 31Z has 6 teeth; the five-tooth second internal gear ring 32Z5 belongs to... Figure 1 The second internal gear ring 32Z has 5 teeth; the columnar boss 1T has 5 sides; this design has the largest anti-loosening torque and the strongest vibration resistance.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, the twelve-tooth first internal gear ring 31Z2 described in this embodiment belongs to... Figure 1 The first internal gear ring 31Z has 12 teeth; the seven-tooth second internal gear ring 32Z7 belongs to... Figure 1 The second internal gear ring 32Z has 7 teeth; the columnar boss 1T has 7 sides; this design has a large anti-loosening torque, strong vibration resistance, and optimal overall performance.

[0058] like Figure 9 As shown, the 18-tooth first internal gear ring 31Z3 described in this embodiment belongs to... Figure 1 The first internal gear ring 31Z has 18 teeth; the five-tooth second internal gear ring 32Z5 belongs to... Figure 1 The second internal gear ring 32Z has 5 teeth; compared with one of the preferred solutions, this scheme improves the tightening torque accuracy by 3 times; however, the maximum permissible anti-loosening torque is reduced.

[0059] like Figure 10 The image shown is of the 24-tooth first internal gear ring 31Z4 described in this embodiment, which belongs to... Figure 1 The first internal gear ring 31Z has 24 teeth; the five-tooth second internal gear ring 32Z5 belongs to... Figure 1 The second internal gear ring 32Z has 5 teeth; compared with the preferred scheme one and the preferred scheme three, the tightening torque accuracy reaches up to 4 times; however, the maximum permissible anti-loosening torque is reduced.

[0060] According to the preferred values, one of the preferred options is that the number of teeth of the first internal gear ring 31Z is 6 or 12, the number of teeth of the second internal gear ring 32Z is ​​5 or 10, and the number of sides of the first columnar boss 1T is 5. According to the preferred values, a second preferred option is that the first internal gear ring 31Z has 6 or 12 teeth, the second internal gear ring 32Z has 7 teeth, and the first columnar boss 1T has 7 side faces.

[0061] Example 4 This embodiment is based on the connection between the locking pin 4 and the first columnar boss 1T and the second columnar boss 3T of a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit in Embodiment 1.

[0062] The connection method includes any one of cotter pin, cylindrical pin, and tapered pin, wherein the cylindrical pin will be connected to the first columnar boss 1T or the second columnar boss 3T by interference fit; the connection method is a substitute for conventional technology, and therefore the relevant drawings are omitted.

[0063] Example 5 This embodiment is based on a permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit from Embodiment 1.

[0064] like Figure 11-12 The figure shown is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the device in this embodiment. Figure 12 The locking sleeve was partially cut.

[0065] like Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional schematic of the corresponding second columnar boss 3T, which is a ten-tooth cylindrical second columnar boss 3T1, without the need for holes.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second internal gear ring 32Z of the locking sleeve 3 meshes with the outer side of the first columnar boss 1T of the locking bolt, forming a tight connection; the tight connection includes a prism surface interference fit or a pyramidal surface self-locking interference fit between the two.

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in embodiment 1, the locking pin 4 is used for axial locking, while in this embodiment, a cylindrical interference fit or a conical interference fit is used for axial locking.

[0068] Example 6 This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The locking nut is selected from general hexagonal nuts, square nuts, or general hexagonal nuts with washers. The connection method is a replacement for conventional technology, so the relevant drawings are omitted.

[0069] Example 7 This embodiment is based on any one of embodiments 1 to 6. The structural feature of the assembly is that the assembly further includes the following universal connecting assembly: the universal connecting assembly includes a first washer, a second washer, or one of the first washer and the second washer; the first washer includes a first flat washer 7 and a first spring washer 9; the second washer includes a second flat washer 8 and a second spring washer 10; the connected parts are not shown in the figure.

[0070] The first washer will be placed between the locking nut 2 and the connected part. The connection method includes using the first flat washer 7 independently, or using the first spring washer 9 independently, or using the first flat washer and the first spring washer in combination. The second washer will be placed between the bolt head of the locking nut 1 and the connected parts. The connection method includes using the second flat washer 8 independently, or using the second spring washer 10 independently, or using the second flat washer and the second spring washer in combination. When the connecting kit includes the first flat washer 7, its connection with the locking nut 2 can be either a direct contact forming a movable connection or a fixed connection forming a locking nut with washer. When the anti-loosening connection kit includes the second flat washer 8, its connection with the bolt head of the locking bolt 1 can be either a direct contact forming a movable connection or a fixed connection forming a washer-equipped locking bolt.

[0071] The first spring washer 9 and the second spring washer 10 are used to transmit axial force. Their reverse check function can increase the anti-loosening torque; their elastic deformation can appropriately compensate for changes in preload.

[0072] Example 8 This embodiment is based on embodiment 7, and its structural feature is that the kit further includes a second nut 5; like Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic of the combined structure of the device in this embodiment, with the addition of a first flat washer 7, a second flat washer 8, and a second nut 5.

[0073] The second nut 5 and the locking bolt 1 form a threaded connection; the second nut 5 and the locking nut 2 are in direct contact to form a two-stage nut connection, wherein the second nut is the primary nut used for connection, and the locking nut is the secondary nut used to increase the anti-loosening torque.

[0074] When the first washer is present, the second nut 5 will be in direct contact with it.

[0075] Example 9 This embodiment is based on embodiment 8, and its structural feature is that the kit further includes a disc spring washer 6.

[0076] like Figure 14The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the device in this embodiment.

[0077] The disc spring washer 6 is installed between the locking nut 2 and the second nut 5, and is in surface contact with the end faces of both. It is used to transmit axial force and frictional torque, and to compensate for the relative axial micro-displacement between the two.

Claims

1. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit, characterized in that, The kit includes: a locking bolt (1), a locking nut (2), a locking sleeve (3), and a locking pin (4); The kit constrains the relative rotation between the locking bolt and the locking nut through the fixed engagement relationship between the locking sleeve (3), the locking nut (2), and the locking bolt (1); it prevents the locking sleeve from accidentally falling off along the axial direction under the action of vibration through a pin connection interlocking method, or a cylindrical interference fit, or a conical tight fit self-locking method; the relative axial movement between the locking bolt and the locking nut is indirectly constrained through circumferential movement constraints; permanent locking is achieved through the circumferential and axial movement constraints of the locking sleeve, locking bolt, and locking nut; The locking bolt (1) has a first columnar boss (1T) of regular polygonal shape at the top of its threaded end; and a first radial locking hole (1H) is provided on one side of the columnar boss; the locking sleeve (3) is a convex sleeve structure with a cover plate (3B) on its upper part; a first internal tooth ring (31Z) composed of prismatic triangular teeth that matches the outer side of the locking nut (2) is provided at one end of the locking sleeve, and a second internal tooth ring (32Z) composed of triangular teeth that matches the outer side of the first columnar boss at the top of the threaded end of the locking bolt is provided in the middle of the cover plate at the other end. The locking bolt (1) and the locking nut (2) form a threaded connection, and a helical motion is generated between them; the first internal gear ring (31Z) of the locking sleeve (3) meshes with the outer side of the locking nut, and the two move relative to each other along the axial direction, adapting to different axial positions of the locking nut, and without generating axial force, but the relative circumferential movement between the two is completely constrained; the second internal gear ring (32Z) of the locking sleeve meshes with the outer side of the first columnar boss (1T) of the locking bolt, and the two slide relative to each other along the axial direction during assembly. After assembly, one end of its position is limited by the step at the top of the bolt thread, and the other end is limited by the position of the locking pin (4); the locking pin passes through the first locking hole (1H) of the first columnar boss of the locking bolt to form a pin connection.

2. The permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (3B) is provided with a second columnar boss (3T), the inner side of which matches the second internal gear ring (32Z); the second columnar boss includes a cylindrical second columnar boss (3T1), a prismatic second columnar boss (3T2), and an open slot-shaped second columnar boss (3T3). When the second columnar boss (3T) is a cylindrical second columnar boss (3T1) or a prismatic second columnar boss (3T2), it is provided with a plurality of second locking holes (3H) that are adapted to the first locking hole (1H); the second locking holes are evenly distributed circumferentially, and their center lines pass through the centroid of the second columnar boss; the locking pin will pass through the second locking holes and the first locking holes (1H) to form a pin connection; when the second internal gear ring (32Z) meshes with the first columnar boss (1T), the center line of each locking hole will be perpendicular to a certain outer side of the first columnar boss; When the second columnar boss (3T) is an open slot-shaped second columnar boss (3T3), it is provided with a plurality of locking grooves (3C) that are adapted to the first locking hole (1H); the locking grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and their center surfaces coincide with the centroid of the second columnar boss; the locking pin will pass through the locking groove and form a pin connection with the first locking hole (1H); when the second internal gear ring (32Z) meshes with the first columnar boss (1T), the center surface of each locking groove will be perpendicular to a certain outer surface of the first columnar boss (1T).

3. The permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of teeth of the first internal gear ring (31Z) is an integer multiple of the number of teeth on the outer surface of the locking nut (2), preferably 1 to 4; the number of teeth on the first columnar boss (1T) is 4 to 12, preferably 5 or 7; the number of teeth of the second internal gear ring (32Z) is an integer multiple of the number of teeth on the outer surface of the first columnar boss (1T), preferably 1 or 2 times. According to the preferred values, one of the preferred options is that the first internal gear ring (31Z) has 6 or 12 teeth, the second internal gear ring (32Z) has 5 or 10 teeth, and the first columnar boss (1T) has 5 sides. According to the preferred values, a second preferred option is that the first internal gear ring (31Z) has 6 or 12 teeth, the second internal gear ring (32Z) has 7 teeth, and the first columnar boss (1T) has 7 side faces.

4. The permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking pin (4) includes any one of a cotter pin, a cylindrical pin, or a conical pin, wherein the cylindrical pin is connected to the first locking hole (1H) of the first columnar boss (1T) by an interference fit.

5. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second internal gear ring (32Z) of the locking sleeve (3) engages with the outer side of the first columnar boss (1T) of the locking bolt and forms a tight connection; the tight connection includes a prism surface interference fit or a pyramidal surface self-locking interference fit between the two.

6. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking nut (2) can be a general hexagonal nut, a square nut, or a general hexagonal nut with a washer.

7. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The kit also includes the following universal connection kit; the universal connection kit includes a first washer and a second washer; the first washer includes a first flat washer 7 and a first spring washer 9; the second washer includes a second flat washer 8 and a second spring washer 10; The first washer will be placed between the locking nut (2) and the connected part. The connection method includes using the first flat washer (7) independently, or using the first spring washer (9) independently, or using the first flat washer and the first spring washer in combination. The second washer is placed between the bolt head of the locking nut (1) and the connected parts. The connection methods include using the second flat washer (8) independently, or using the second spring washer (10) independently, or using the second flat washer and the second spring washer in combination. When the connecting kit includes a first flat washer (7), its connection with the locking nut (2) includes direct contact to form a movable connection, or a fixed connection to form a locking nut with washer; When the anti-loosening connection kit includes the second flat washer (8), its connection with the bolt head of the locking bolt (1) is either a direct contact forming a movable connection or a fixed connection forming a washer-equipped locking bolt.

8. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The kit also includes a second nut (5); The second nut (5) and the locking bolt (1) form a threaded connection; the second nut and the locking nut (2) are in direct contact to form a two-stage nut connection, wherein the second nut is a primary nut and the locking nut is a secondary nut; When the first washer is present, the second nut 5 will be in direct contact with it.

9. A permanent bolt anti-loosening and locking connection kit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The kit also includes a disc spring washer (6); the disc spring washer is installed between the locking nut (2) and the second nut (5) to form a surface contact with the end faces of both, compensating for the relative axial micro-displacement between them.

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