Self-adaptive particle damping nonlinear shock absorber for fluid conveying pipeline

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive particle damping nonlinear shock absorber for a fluid conveying pipeline, and belongs to the technical field of vibration control, the self-adaptive particle damping nonlinear shock absorber for the fluid conveying pipeline comprises a shock absorber body which is constructed to cover the outside of a pipeline to be subjected to shock absorption; the container plates are symmetrically arranged and fixedly mounted on the two sides of the shock absorber body and are arranged in the circumferential direction of the pipeline; the particle damping container is arranged between the container plates, and at least one cavity is formed in the particle damping container; the cavity of the particle damping container is filled with the particle damping medium, and the particle damping medium is composed of a plurality of particles capable of moving freely; the annular viscoelastic damping material element is arranged on the inner side of the particle damping container and makes contact with the outer wall of the pipeline. According to the device, cooperative work of particle damping and other energy consumption elements is achieved through reasonable structural design, the device consumes energy in a low-frequency band by means of particle inertia collision and consumes energy in a middle-high frequency band by means of frequency-dependent damping of a viscous-elastic material, and finally the wide-frequency-band, high-efficiency and full-radial-direction self-adaptive vibration reduction target is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration control technology, specifically to an adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for conveying pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of fluid transport systems, pipelines are widely used in various industrial fields such as petroleum, chemical, power, and water conservancy. During actual operation, pipelines are susceptible to multi-source excitation from internal fluid pulsations, pump and valve vibrations, and external environmental loads. Especially under broadband excitation scenarios, pipeline structures often exhibit multi-mode resonance, leading to excessive vibration amplitude, structural fatigue damage, and in severe cases, even pipeline leaks and system failures. Therefore, developing stable and adaptable vibration reduction technologies is of significant engineering importance.

[0003] In traditional vibration reduction technologies, linear vibration damping devices (such as rubber isolators and linear dampers) are widely used solutions. However, these devices rely on precise matching with the natural frequency of the pipeline, resulting in inherent defects such as narrow vibration reduction bandwidth and weak resistance to parameter uncertainties, making them unsuitable for wide-frequency multimodal excitation scenarios. Particle damping (PD) technology dissipates energy through the collision and friction of particles within the cavity, offering advantages such as wide-frequency adaptability, fatigue resistance, and self-adaptability, and has already found some application in engineering vibration control. However, traditional particle damping devices are mostly locally filled structures, failing to deeply integrate with the annular configuration of the conveying pipeline, thus failing to form an omnidirectional uniform energy dissipation layout, leading to uneven vibration reduction effects. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of particle damping with other energy dissipation mechanisms lacks a unified structural design, limiting energy dissipation efficiency and making it difficult to meet the wide-frequency, omnidirectional vibration reduction requirements of the conveying pipeline.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided an adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for transmission pipelines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for transmission pipelines. Through reasonable structural design, the particle damping works in coordination with other energy-consuming components, enabling the device to dissipate energy in the low-frequency range by relying on particle inertial collisions, and in the mid-to-high-frequency range by relying on the frequency-dependent damping of viscoelastic materials. Ultimately, it achieves the goal of wide-band, high-efficiency, and omnidirectional adaptive vibration reduction, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline includes: The damper body is constructed to cover the outside of the pipe to be damped; The container plates are symmetrically arranged and fixedly installed on both sides of the vibration damper body, and are set along the circumference of the pipeline; A particle damping container is disposed between the container plates, and at least one cavity is formed inside it. The particulate damping medium, which is filled in the cavity of the particulate damping container, is composed of multiple freely movable particles. An annular viscoelastic damping material element is disposed on the inner side of the particle damping container and contacts the outer wall of the pipe.

[0007] By clarifying the core components and assembly relationships of the vibration damper body, container plate, particle damping container, particle damping medium, and annular viscoelastic damping material element, a basic vibration damping structure combining particle energy dissipation and nonlinear damping adjustment is constructed. The various components work together to form a complete energy dissipation system, providing structural support for subsequent broadband, full-radial vibration damping. This fundamentally solves the problems of narrow bandwidth and poor adaptability of traditional vibration damping devices, achieving preliminary and effective suppression of vibration in the transmission pipeline. Simultaneously, it lays the structural foundation for the functional optimization of subsequent dependent claims.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the particle damping container has a ring-shaped structure along the radial direction of the pipeline. Designing the particle damping container as a ring-shaped structure along the radial direction of the pipeline enables full radial coverage of the pipeline's vibration energy, ensuring that the vibration reduction effect is uniformly applied to the entire circumference of the pipeline. This completely changes the uneven vibration reduction phenomenon caused by the localized filling of traditional particle damping, allowing vibrations in all directions of the pipeline to be suppressed synchronously, significantly improving the stability and comprehensiveness of vibration reduction, ensuring uniform stress on the pipeline structure, and reducing the risk of localized fatigue damage.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the particle damping container and the container plate are fixed together by a detachable connection. By using a detachable connection to fix the particle damping container and the container plate, the limitations of traditional fixed connections on vibration damper maintenance are overcome. This allows operators to easily fill and replace the particle damping medium according to actual needs, as well as inspect and maintain the internal components of the vibration damper, reducing later use and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, it improves the flexibility and durability of the device during long-term use, adapting to the adjustment needs of the damping medium under different working conditions.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the detachable connection method includes bolted connection. Clearly defining bolted connection as a specific method of detachable connection ensures the robustness of the connection between the particle damping container and the container plate, resisting the impact force from pipeline vibration and preventing loosening from affecting the vibration reduction effect. It also offers the advantages of simple operation, requiring no complex tools, allowing for quick assembly and disassembly of the vibration damper, balancing structural stability and ease of maintenance, and meeting the needs of efficient installation and maintenance in practical engineering.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the geometry, number, or depth of the internal cavity of the particle damping container can be adjusted as needed. This allows for adjustment of the geometry, number, or depth of the internal cavity according to vibration reduction requirements, enabling flexible adaptation to the vibration characteristics (such as vibration frequency, amplitude, modal distribution, etc.) of different flow pipelines. By optimizing the cavity structure, the motion space and collision path of the particle damping medium can be altered, improving energy dissipation efficiency and enabling the vibration damper to specifically address vibration problems in different scenarios, thus enhancing the adaptability and targeted vibration reduction of the device.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the particulate damping medium includes one or more of steel balls, lead shot, ceramic balls, sand particles, and rubber particles. It provides a variety of types and combinations of particulate damping media, such as steel balls, lead shot, and ceramic balls, utilizing the differences in density, hardness, elasticity, and wear resistance of different media to adapt to the vibration requirements of pipelines at different intensities and frequency bands. For example, high-density media are suitable for low-frequency, high-energy vibrations, while high-hardness media are suitable for high-frequency vibrations. Combinations of media can achieve wide-band synergistic energy dissipation, broadening the applicable scenarios of the vibration damper and ensuring efficient energy dissipation under diverse operating conditions.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention, the particle size, shape, or filling ratio of the granular damping medium can be adjusted as needed. By adjusting the particle size, shape, and filling ratio of the granular damping medium, the collision frequency and friction intensity between particles and between particles and the inner wall of the cavity can be precisely optimized. Particle size and shape directly affect the energy transfer efficiency of collisions, while the filling ratio determines the degree of freedom of particle movement. Coordinated adjustment of these three factors allows the granular damping medium to achieve optimal energy dissipation in different frequency bands, including low, medium, and high frequencies, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of vibration reduction and ensuring effective suppression of multi-mode vibrations in pipelines.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, the hardness, thickness, or density of the annular viscoelastic damping material element can be adjusted as needed. Adjusting the hardness, thickness, and density of the annular viscoelastic damping material element allows for flexible modification of its nonlinear stiffness and damping characteristics. By optimizing the material parameters, the element can provide appropriate damping force and stiffness adjustment under different frequency excitations, forming a complementary and synergistic effect with particle damping. Based on the energy dissipation of particle damping, the adaptability of the vibration damper to a wide frequency range of vibrations is further enhanced, ensuring stable vibration reduction performance under different operating conditions and optimizing the overall vibration reduction effect.

[0015] As a further aspect of the invention, the vibration damper body has a modular structure, allowing for distributed installation at different locations along the pipeline. Designing the vibration damper body as a modular structure and supporting distributed installation enables targeted placement of vibration dampers at critical locations with high vibration amplitudes, based on the varying vibration distribution along the pipeline. This eliminates the need to completely enclose the pipeline, reducing installation costs and space requirements while achieving precise vibration reduction. The modular design also facilitates adjusting the number of vibration dampers according to vibration conditions, enhancing the flexibility and economy of the device and effectively preventing excessive localized vibrations from affecting the safe operation of the entire pipeline system.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, the annular viscoelastic damping material element, the granular damping container, and the granular damping medium together constitute a nonlinear energy sink structure. The core function of this nonlinear energy sink (NES) structure, formed by the annular viscoelastic damping material element, the granular damping container, and the granular damping medium, is to achieve efficient energy dissipation and broadband adaptive vibration reduction. This structure does not require precise matching with the natural frequency of the pipeline and can actively absorb the vibration energy of various modes of the pipeline. Through the synergistic effect of particle collision friction and viscoelastic material deformation, it breaks the frequency band limitation of traditional linear vibration dampers, stably suppressing pipeline vibration in a wide frequency range from low to high frequencies, significantly improving the vibration damper's resistance to parameter uncertainties, and adapting to complex broadband excitation scenarios.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Uniform vibration reduction in the entire radial direction: The particle damping container adopts a ring structure design and is arranged in the entire radial direction around the pipe. It can achieve full radial coverage of the pipe vibration energy and ensure that the vibration reduction effect is uniformly applied to the pipe circumference. This solves the problem of uneven vibration reduction caused by local filling of traditional particle damping and significantly reduces the vibration amplitude of the pipe under multiple modes.

[0018] Strong wideband adaptive vibration reduction capability: Through the synergistic effect of particle damping and ring viscoelastic damping material elements, a composite vibration reduction mechanism is formed, which can effectively suppress the modal response of each order without matching the natural frequency of the pipeline. In the wide frequency range of 40-300Hz (covering the first to fourth modes of the pipeline), it has a significant suppression effect on resonance peaks of 70Hz, 160Hz, 220Hz, and 260Hz, overcoming the narrow bandwidth defect of traditional linear vibration dampers.

[0019] High energy dissipation efficiency: In the low-frequency range, vibration energy is converted into mechanical energy through inertial collision of particles, while in the mid-to-high-frequency range, energy is converted into mechanical energy and heat energy through particle collision, friction and deformation of viscoelastic materials. Energy dissipation is achieved through multiple pathways, which greatly improves vibration reduction efficiency.

[0020] Highly adaptable and adjustable: The type, particle size, shape, and filling rate of the particulate damping medium, the structural parameters of the cavity, and the hardness and thickness of the viscoelastic damping material can all be flexibly adjusted according to the vibration characteristics of the pipeline to meet the vibration reduction requirements under different working conditions; at the same time, it is suitable for pipeline environments with high temperature, high pressure and severe vibration, and has a wide range of application scenarios.

[0021] Easy installation and maintenance: The vibration damper body adopts a modular design with a compact and regular structure, which can be distributed and installed according to the vibration distribution of the pipeline; the particle damping container and the container plate are detachably connected, which facilitates the filling, replacement and maintenance of the particle damping medium and reduces the cost of use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive particle damping nonlinear vibration damper provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the adaptive particle damping nonlinear vibration damper structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure of the particle damping container provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation structure of the adaptive particle damping nonlinear vibration damper provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The diagram shows the vibration reduction effect of the adaptive particle damping nonlinear vibration damper provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Vibration damper body; 2. Pipeline; 3. Container plate; 4. Annular viscoelastic damping material; 5. Particle damping container; 6. Cavity; 7. Particle damping medium. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0025] As mentioned in the background section of this application, research has found that linear vibration damping devices (such as rubber isolators and linear dampers) are widely used solutions in traditional vibration reduction technologies. However, these devices rely on precise matching with the natural frequency of the pipeline, resulting in inherent defects such as narrow vibration reduction bandwidth and weak resistance to parameter uncertainties, making them difficult to cope with wide-frequency multimodal excitation scenarios. Particle damping (PD) technology dissipates energy through the collision and friction of particles within the cavity, offering advantages such as wide-frequency adaptability, fatigue resistance, and self-adaptability, and has been applied to some extent in engineering vibration control. However, traditional particle damping devices are mostly locally filled structures, failing to deeply integrate with the annular configuration of the conveying pipeline, thus failing to form an omnidirectional uniform energy dissipation layout, leading to uneven vibration reduction effects. At the same time, the synergistic effect of particle damping with other energy dissipation mechanisms lacks a unified structural design, limiting energy dissipation efficiency and making it difficult to meet the wide-frequency, omnidirectional vibration reduction requirements of the conveying pipeline, thus exhibiting certain defects.

[0026] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this application discloses an adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for transmission pipelines. Through a reasonable structural design, the particle damping works in synergy with other energy-consuming components, enabling the device to dissipate energy in the low-frequency range by relying on particle inertial collisions and in the mid-to-high-frequency range by relying on the frequency-dependent damping of viscoelastic materials. Ultimately, it achieves the goal of wide-band, high-efficiency, and omnidirectional adaptive vibration reduction.

[0027] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, how the solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0028] Please see Figures 1-4 The adaptive particle damping nonlinear vibration damper provided by the present invention will now be described.

[0029] In this embodiment, an adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline can be adopted as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown. (Reference) Figure 2 The vibration damper includes: a vibration damper body 1, which is configured to cover the outside of the pipe 2 to be damped; a pair of container plates 3, which are symmetrically arranged and fixedly installed on both sides of the vibration damper body 1 and arranged around the circumference of the pipe 2; an annular viscoelastic damping material element 4, which is disposed inside the particle damping container 5 and directly contacts the outer wall of the pipe 2 to provide nonlinear stiffness; a particle damping container 5, which forms several cavities 6 inside; and a particle damping medium 7, which fills the internal cavities 6 of the particle damping container 5 and is composed of multiple free-moving metal or non-metal small particles.

[0030] In this embodiment, the particle damping container 5 is configured as a ring structure along the radial direction of the pipe 2 to achieve full radial damping coverage of the vibration energy of the pipe 2; the particle damping container 5 is fixed to the container plate 3 by a detachable connection, including bolt connection, so as to facilitate the filling, disassembly and maintenance of the particle damping medium 7 inside the vibration damper.

[0031] In this embodiment, the geometry, quantity distribution, and depth of the cavities 6 inside the particle damping container 5 can be adjusted according to vibration reduction requirements. The cavities 6 can be constructed using, for example... Figure 3 The structure shown.

[0032] In this embodiment, the particulate damping medium 7 can be selected from steel balls, lead shot, ceramic balls, mixed sand, rubber particles, and combinations thereof; the particle size, particle shape, and filling rate of the particulate damping medium 7 can all be adjusted according to the vibration reduction characteristics requirements; In this embodiment, under low-frequency vibration excitation, the vibration energy of the pipe 2 to be vibration damped is mainly absorbed and converted into mechanical energy through the collision between the particle damping medium 7 and the inner wall of the cavity 6, and between the particle damping media 7 and each other; under high-frequency vibration excitation, the vibration is mainly converted into mechanical energy and heat energy through the collision and friction between the particle damping medium 7 and the inner wall of the cavity 6, and between the particle damping media 7 and each other.

[0033] In this embodiment, the annular viscoelastic damping material element 4 has significant stiffness nonlinearity characteristics, which, together with the particle damping effect, plays a key role in broadband adaptive vibration reduction. The hardness, thickness and density of the annular viscoelastic damping material element 4 can be adjusted according to the required stiffness and damping characteristics to optimize the vibration reduction performance.

[0034] In this embodiment, the damper body 1 has a compact and regular structure, making it easy to install; such as Figure 4 As shown, the vibration dampers can be installed in a modular manner at different locations along the pipeline 2, depending on the vibration distribution along the pipeline 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment of the invention, the vibration response of the conveying pipeline in the frequency range of 40-300Hz was tested. This frequency band covers the first to fourth modes of the pipeline structure. Figure 5The figure shows the vibration amplitude-frequency response curves of the pipe structure without the vibration damper and after the vibration damper of this invention is installed. As can be seen from the figure, without the vibration damper, pipe 2 exhibits obvious resonance peaks around 70Hz, 160Hz, 220Hz, and 260Hz, corresponding to its first four structural modes, with large vibration amplitudes and sharp peaks. Within the four-mode range, the vibration damper of this invention exhibits frequency independence, meaning it can effectively suppress the modal responses of each mode without needing to match the natural frequency of the controlled structure, demonstrating the wideband adaptive characteristics of a typical nonlinear vibration damper. This characteristic is difficult to achieve with traditional linear vibration dampers.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for conveying pipelines, characterized in that, include: The damper body (1) is configured to cover the outside of the pipe (2) to be damped; The container plate (3) is symmetrically arranged and fixedly installed on both sides of the damper body (1) and is set along the circumference of the pipe (2); A particle damping container (5) is disposed between the container plates (3) and has at least one cavity (6) formed inside it. The particulate damping medium (7) is filled in the cavity (6) of the particulate damping container (5) and is composed of multiple freely movable particles; An annular viscoelastic damping material element (4) is disposed on the inner side of the particle damping container (5) and in contact with the outer wall of the pipe (2).

2. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle damping container (5) has a ring-shaped structure along the radial direction of the pipe (2).

3. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that, The particle damping container (5) is fixed to the container plate (3) by a detachable connection.

4. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detachable connection method includes bolt connection.

5. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a conveying pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that, The geometry, number, or depth of the internal cavity (6) of the particle damping container (5) can be adjusted as needed.

6. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 5, characterized in that, The particulate damping medium (7) includes one or more of steel balls, lead shot, ceramic balls, sand particles, and rubber particles.

7. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 6, characterized in that, The particle size, shape, or filling rate of the particulate damping medium (7) can be adjusted as needed.

8. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hardness, thickness, or density of the annular viscoelastic damping material element (4) can be adjusted as needed.

9. The adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 8, characterized in that, The damper body (1) is a modular structure and can be installed in different locations on the pipe (2).

10. An adaptive particle-damped nonlinear vibration damper for a transmission pipeline according to claim 9, characterized in that, The annular viscoelastic damping material element (4), together with the particle damping container (5) and the particle damping medium (7), constitute a nonlinear energy sink structure.

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