Heating control adjustment system based on air source heat pump central heating

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of air source heat pump heating regulation, and specifically discloses a heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump central heating. By combining the primary side topological structure of the heat distribution pipe network of the heating area and the spatial distribution characteristics of the building load, the heating area is divided into several sub-areas, and a heat pump unit is allocated to each sub-area. On this basis, the target heat pump unit is selected based on the thermal load demand of the sub-area, realizing the change from quantity control to object-oriented control, significantly improving the spatial resolution of heating control. At the same time, the spatial and electrical coupling relationship of the selected target heat pump unit is determined, and according to the determination result, the target heat pump unit is divided into a synchronous execution group and a sequential execution group, and the sequential execution group is subjected to time constraints corresponding to the coupling type involved. Under the premise of ensuring the heating efficiency, the operation risk caused by the physical coupling between the devices is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air source heat pump heating regulation technology, and specifically discloses a heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating. Background Technology

[0002] Air source heat pumps, as a heating technology, offer advantages such as high energy efficiency and low pollution compared to traditional boilers, making them suitable for distributed and regionalized heating scenarios. In centralized heating systems, multiple air source heat pumps often operate in groups to achieve stable heating for large areas.

[0003] However, with the expansion of centralized heating systems, the number of devices in air source heat pump groups has increased significantly. To balance heating quality and energy efficiency optimization, refined and on-demand coordinated control of the heat pump groups is required. Existing technologies already include solutions for air source heat pump group control, such as the intelligent group control system for centralized heating air source heat pumps disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN111288685A. This system collects parameters such as ambient temperature, humidity, and light intensity, dynamically sets the return water temperature, calculates the required heat load, and then determines the number of air source heat pumps to be put into operation based on the load value, thereby achieving on-demand heating and energy-saving goals.

[0004] While the above scheme has some effectiveness in overall load response and energy efficiency management, it has the following limitations: First, the above scheme treats the entire heating area as a single control object and decides the number of heat pumps to be put into operation based solely on the total heat load demand, without considering the non-uniform distribution characteristics of building heat load in space. This unified control method is difficult to accurately match the actual heat demand of each sub-area, thereby reducing the spatial accuracy of on-demand heating.

[0005] Secondly, the above scheme does not take into account the coupling relationship between the heat pumps in terms of spatial layout and electrical connection when starting multiple heat pumps. When there is such a coupling relationship between the heat pumps to be started, if they are started simultaneously in order to pursue heating efficiency, it may induce operational risks such as local overheating and electrical overload, which will not only affect the stability of heating, but may also accelerate the aging of equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating. By performing regional heat load sensing and multi-dimensional physical coupling constraints, it can realize precise on-demand regulation of sub-regions and safe and coordinated operation of heat pump groups, effectively solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating, comprising: a region division module: acquiring a primary topology map of the heating network in the heating coverage area, identifying independent hydraulic pipelines in the network; combining the spatial distribution of building clusters within the heating coverage area, defining the area covered by geographically continuous building clusters served by independent hydraulic pipelines as a sub-region, and allocating geographically adjacent heat pump units to each sub-region.

[0008] Demand Judgment Module: Monitors the return water temperature of each sub-area in real time to determine whether there is a heat load demand, and then selects the target heat pump unit from all heat pump units when a heat load demand is determined.

[0009] Sequence planning module: Generates an initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit based on the heat demand level of the sub-region, and determines the spatial and electrical coupling relationship of the sequence. Based on the determination result, the target heat pump unit is divided into synchronous execution group and sequential execution group, and time constraints corresponding to the coupling type involved are applied to the sequential execution group.

[0010] Execution feedback module: After issuing control commands to the sequential execution group, it monitors the start-up status feedback signal of the preceding heat pump unit in real time, and makes dynamic decisions on whether to start the subsequent heat pump units in sequence based on the feedback.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention divides the heating area into several sub-areas by combining the primary side topology of the heating network of the heating area with the spatial distribution characteristics of the building load, and allocates heat pump units to each sub-area, which reflects the spatial mapping of heating resources and heating demand. On this basis, the target heat pump units are selected based on the heat load demand of the sub-areas, realizing the transformation from quantity control to object-oriented regulation, and improving the spatial resolution of heating regulation to a certain extent.

[0012] 2. This invention determines the spatial and electrical coupling relationships of the selected target heat pump units, divides them into synchronous execution groups and sequential execution groups based on the determination results, and applies time constraints corresponding to the coupling types involved to the sequential execution groups. Under the premise of ensuring heating efficiency, it effectively avoids the operational risks caused by physical coupling between equipment, which is conducive to improving operational safety while achieving precise on-demand heating.

[0013] 3. This invention, through regional division, enables each sub-region to be powered by an independent hydraulic pipeline, allowing for independent control of that sub-region. During operation and adjustment, no hydraulic disturbance is caused to other sub-regions. Furthermore, the buildings within the sub-regions are geographically concentrated and continuous, typically exhibiting similar functional types, construction dates, and building envelopes, resulting in minimal differences in heat loss per unit area and a relatively uniform overall heat load distribution. This provides a physical basis for subsequent heat demand assessment. Simultaneously, the heat pump units allocated to each sub-region are highly matched to their service range, ensuring that subsequent control commands only apply to the target area, effectively avoiding cross-regional interference and improving the accuracy of on-demand heating. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module connection structure in this invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining whether a heat load requirement exists in this invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation of dividing the target heat pump unit into a synchronous execution group and a sequential execution group in this invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is an example flowchart of the multi-member sequential coupling process in this invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is an example flowchart of the process of matching the initial operation sequence and applying time constraints in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1As shown, this invention proposes a heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating, including a regional division module, a demand judgment module, a sequence planning module, and an execution feedback module. Each module is connected in sequence to form a closed-loop data flow from regional and equipment allocation to heat demand perception, scheduling decision-making, and execution feedback.

[0022] The area division module is used to divide the heating area into several sub-areas according to the topology of the heating network and the building load distribution, and to allocate a geographically adjacent heat pump unit to each sub-area.

[0023] Because of differences in building envelopes across different areas within an air-source heat pump heating zone, heat loss per unit area is spatially unevenly distributed, resulting in spatial heterogeneity in building heat load within the heating zone. Furthermore, the primary topology of the heating network determines the heat distribution path. Some distribution paths, due to shared main pipe sections and a lack of effective hydraulic isolation devices, are prone to flow interference when multiple branches operate simultaneously, causing the actual heat supply in local areas to deviate from the set value and reducing distribution capacity.

[0024] If the entire heating area is treated as a single control object and a unified control strategy is adopted, it will be impossible to effectively match the actual heat demand of each local area with the pipeline distribution capacity. This will easily lead to the problem of excessive heat supply in some areas and insufficient heat supply in others, which will not only waste energy but also affect the thermal comfort of users.

[0025] Based on this, the present invention divides the heating area into several sub-regions according to the hydraulic independence of the heating network and the spatial distribution characteristics of the building load, so that each sub-region has relatively uniform load characteristics and independent hydraulic response capabilities, thereby laying the foundation for subsequent on-demand and precise heat pump scheduling.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the area division module includes the following: obtaining a primary-side topology map of the heating network in the heating coverage area, and identifying independent hydraulic pipelines in the network, wherein an independent hydraulic pipeline refers to a pipeline with a relatively closed water flow path in the network topology and equipped with a valve that can effectively isolate it from other pipelines.

[0027] Based on the spatial distribution of building clusters within the heating coverage area, the area covered by geographically continuous building clusters served by independent hydraulic pipelines is defined as a sub-region.

[0028] Based on the physical installation location of the heat pump unit within the heating station and its directly connected primary water supply branch, all user-end areas connected by this branch are considered as the heating influence range of the heat pump unit.

[0029] The heating influence range of the heat pump unit is matched with the geographical range of the sub-region, and the heat pump unit that falls entirely within the geographical range of the sub-region is allocated to that sub-region.

[0030] Through the above-mentioned zoning operation, each sub-region is powered by an independent hydraulic pipeline, enabling independent control of that sub-region. During operation and adjustment, no hydraulic disturbance will be caused to other sub-regions. Moreover, the buildings in the sub-regions are geographically concentrated and continuous, and generally have similar functions, construction years, and building envelopes, resulting in small differences in heat loss per unit area and a relatively uniform overall heat load distribution. This provides a physical basis for subsequent heat demand assessment. At the same time, the heat pump units allocated to the sub-regions are highly matched with their service range, ensuring that subsequent control commands only act on the target area, effectively avoiding cross-regional interference and improving the accuracy of on-demand heating.

[0031] The demand determination module is used to monitor the return water temperature of each sub-region in real time, determine whether there is a heat load demand, and then select the target heat pump unit from all heat pump units when it is determined that there is a heat load demand.

[0032] After dividing the sub-regions and matching the heat pump units, in order to achieve on-demand heating, the next step is to determine the heat demand of the sub-regions. Most existing technologies calculate the required heat load by collecting parameters such as ambient temperature, humidity, and light. Although this method has a certain degree of accuracy, it relies on complex modeling and calculation of multi-source external data input and is difficult to reflect the actual heat consumption status at the terminal in real time, resulting in a lag in heat demand determination.

[0033] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention considers that the operational performance of an air source heat pump centralized heating system is directly reflected in the change of return water temperature within the return water branch. The lower the return water temperature, the more heat is dissipated at the terminal, indicating that the current heat supply is insufficient to maintain the set room temperature, thus implying a heat load demand. Based on this, this invention directly monitors the return water temperature of the sub-area return water branch and performs deviation analysis in conjunction with the target return water temperature. This allows for real-time reflection of the regional heating status and improves the timeliness of heat demand assessment.

[0034] See Figure 2 As shown, as one possible way to implement the above scheme, the heat load demand is determined as follows: for each sub-area, a temperature monitoring point is set on each return water branch pipe contained therein to monitor the return water temperature.

[0035] Because the hydraulic path lengths of the return water branches from the heat pump outlet vary within each sub-region, the degree to which the return water temperature is affected by the heat pump regulation differs. Branches closer to the heat pump respond more directly to the current energy supply status with less lag; while branches further away may experience distorted or delayed temperature signals due to factors such as pipeline heat loss. Simply taking the arithmetic average of the return water temperatures at all monitoring points would result in a composite temperature that does not accurately reflect the overall heating status of the sub-region. Therefore, this invention introduces the concept of hydraulic distance, defining the length of the pipeline from the heat pump outlet of each sub-region to the corresponding return water branch converging into the main return water pipe as the hydraulic distance.

[0036] The hydraulic distance is normalized to obtain a dimensionless value to eliminate the influence of dimensions and unify the scale. Since the shorter the hydraulic distance, the closer the coupling between the return water branch and the heat pump, the more representative its return water temperature is to the current energy supply effect, and it should be given a higher weight. Conversely, the distant branch is less representative due to heat loss and should be given a lower weight. Therefore, the reciprocal of the normalized distance value is taken as the weight coefficient of the corresponding return water branch.

[0037] It should be noted that since the hydraulic distance from the heat pump outlet to the main return water pipe in any return water branch in the heating network is a positive real number, the reciprocal of the normalized hydraulic distance is always a finite positive value, and there is no case of infinite weight.

[0038] Based on the measured return water temperature of each monitoring point in each sub-region and the corresponding weight of the return water branch pipe to which the monitoring point belongs, the comprehensive return water temperature of the sub-region is calculated by linear weighted average.

[0039] The overall return water temperature of the sub-region is compared with the target return water temperature, and the duration of the temperature being lower than the target return water temperature is recorded.

[0040] Since the overall return water temperature being lower than the target return water temperature is an instantaneous value, judging heat demand based solely on a single instantaneous deviation is highly likely to cause false triggering. Therefore, this invention introduces a duration constraint. If the overall return water temperature of a certain sub-region is lower than the target return water temperature and the duration reaches or exceeds a preset duration threshold (usually 5 to 15 minutes), it indicates that there is indeed a continuous heating shortage in that sub-region, rather than a brief disturbance. In this case, it is determined that there is a heat load demand in that sub-region; otherwise, it is determined that there is no heat load demand.

[0041] In the above-mentioned heat load demand determination, the target return water temperature refers to the theoretical return water temperature that is dynamically set to meet the indoor thermal comfort requirements under the current outdoor temperature conditions. When the outdoor temperature is low, the building heat loss increases, and in order to maintain the indoor set temperature, the supply water temperature needs to be increased, and the target return water temperature also increases accordingly. When the outdoor temperature is high, the building heat load decreases, and the target return water temperature can be lowered.

[0042] Furthermore, after determining the heat demand in the sub-regions, the sub-regions with heat load demand are identified, and the heat pump units allocated to these sub-regions are used as target heat pump units. This enables targeted heating control and regulation of the sub-regions, greatly improving the spatial resolution of heating regulation.

[0043] Considering that there are often more than one sub-area with heat load demand in actual operation, the selected target heat pump units are usually multiple. If all target heat pump units are started simultaneously in order to pursue heating efficiency, although the overall heating response time can be shortened, the coupling relationship within the heat pump group is ignored, which may lead to operational safety risks.

[0044] An air source heat pump group consists of multiple heat pump units, each with different installation locations and power supply configurations. This results in the following coupling relationships: a) When the heat pumps are too close together, they are prone to interfering with each other during operation, causing the intake air temperature to drop and reducing the heat exchange efficiency, thus forming spatial coupling.

[0045] b) When multiple heat pumps are connected to the same transformer, power distribution circuit, or feeder with limited cable capacity, the superimposed starting current when they start simultaneously may cause a sudden voltage drop, circuit breaker tripping, or equipment overload, thus forming electrical coupling.

[0046] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention includes a sequence planning module. This module first generates an initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit based on the heat demand level of the sub-region. Then, it determines the spatial and electrical coupling relationships of this sequence. Based on the determination results, heat pumps without coupling conflicts are assigned to the synchronous execution group for parallel startup; heat pumps with coupling relationships are assigned to the sequential execution group. Finally, time constraints corresponding to the coupling types involved are applied to the sequential execution group. This reflects the phased adjustment of the target heat pump unit, which can effectively avoid operational risks caused by coupling between equipment while ensuring timely heating.

[0047] The implementation of the sequence planning module is described below with reference to the preferred embodiment: First stage, generating the initial operation sequence: S11, the sub-regions with heat load demand are arranged in descending order of the difference between the comprehensive return water temperature and the target return water temperature. The larger the difference, the more serious the heat shortage and the higher the heat demand, thus obtaining the heat demand sequence of the sub-regions.

[0048] S12. Based on the mapping relationship between the sub-region and its assigned target heat pump unit, replace the sub-region in the heat demand sequence with the corresponding target heat pump unit to obtain the initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit.

[0049] By prioritizing target heat pump units according to their heat demand, an input basis is provided for subsequent coupling analysis and grouping decisions. When subsequent coupling analysis involves heat pump units that need to be executed sequentially due to coupling conflicts, if the prior prior sequencing was not based on demand urgency but rather on a random or fixed order, high-demand heat pumps might be delayed, causing a disconnect between the control logic and actual demand. By prioritizing demand urgency, even if some high-demand heat pumps need to be delayed due to coupling, their priorities can still be clearly identified, and they can be executed at the earliest possible time within the constraints.

[0050] The second stage, spatial and electrical coupling relationship determination: S21, obtain the physical installation position information of each heat pump unit in the initial operation sequence, and calculate the straight distance between any two heat pump units based on the position information. If there is a straight distance between two heat pump units that is less than the safe space coupling distance, it is determined that there is a spatial coupling relationship between them. The safe space coupling distance refers to the minimum allowable horizontal distance set to prevent mutual interference between the air intake and exhaust airflow between heat pumps. Specifically, it can be set according to the minimum air intake and exhaust distance requirements specified by the air source heat pump manufacturer in the installation manual, which is usually set to 2.5 to 4.0m.

[0051] S22. Query the power supply circuit identifier and upstream transformer information corresponding to each heat pump unit. If any two heat pump units share the same power supply circuit or their power supply circuits belong to the same transformer with limited capacity, it is determined that there is an electrical coupling relationship between them.

[0052] See Figure 3 As shown, the third stage is divided into synchronous execution group and sequential execution group.

[0053] S31. Taking the target heat pump unit as a vertex, if there is any kind of spatial or electrical coupling relationship between any two heat pump units, then establish an undirected edge between the corresponding vertices to form a coupling relationship graph.

[0054] S32. Traverse the initial operation sequence in the formed coupling relationship graph. If the current heat pump unit is not matched and there are other heat pump units that are connected to it by an edge but are not matched, then match the current heat pump unit with the heat pump unit, add this edge to the matching edge set, and mark the two heat pump units as matched.

[0055] S33. Divide the two heat pump units corresponding to each matching edge in the coupling relationship diagram into a sequential execution group, and record the coupling type involved in the group. All heat pump units that do not appear in any matching edge are divided into synchronous execution groups.

[0056] S34. Output the results of the division between synchronous execution groups and sequential execution groups.

[0057] In the above division, the synchronous execution group consists of all unmatched heat pump units. These units are not coupled with any other heat pump units and can be executed safely in parallel. All heat pump units with coupling relationships are restricted to the sequential execution group, and each sequential execution group contains only one pair of directly coupled heat pump units. This avoids the complex timing dependencies caused by multi-device coupling chains. This one-to-one structure makes the subsequent application of time constraint rules clear and easy to implement.

[0058] An example of the above division: Assume the initial operation sequence is [A, B, C, D, E, F], with the following coupling relationships: AB (spatial coupling), CD (electrical and spatial coupling), EF (no coupling), and no coupling between any other pairs.

[0059] In the specific operation, an undirected edge is established between A and B, and an undirected edge is established between C and D. In the initial operation sequence, A is traversed. Since A is not matched and there is an undirected edge between A and B, and B is also not matched, A and B are added to the set of matched edges, and A and B are marked as matched.

[0060] Continue iterating through B, but skip it since B has already been matched.

[0061] Traverse C. Since there is an undirected edge between C and D and D is not matched, add C and D to the set of matched edges and mark C and D as matched.

[0062] Iterate through D, skipping it since D has already been matched.

[0063] Traverse E, skipping it since there are no undirected edges in E.

[0064] Traverse F, skipping it since there are no undirected edges in F.

[0065] The division resulted in: Sequential execution group 1: [A, B] (involving spatial coupling), Sequential execution group 2: [C, D] (involving electrical and spatial coupling), and Synchronous execution group: [E, F] (with no coupling between E and F within the group).

[0066] It should be noted that the above rules for dividing synchronous execution groups and sequential execution groups are mainly applicable to conventional scenarios where the coupling relationships between heat pump units are relatively simple, i.e., one heat pump unit is coupled with at most one other heat pump unit. In engineering design, by optimizing the spatial layout of the heat pumps and the allocation of power supply circuits, the formation of complex multi-coupling networks can usually be avoided.

[0067] See Figure 4 As shown, to ensure the integrity of the control system, the present invention further provides a strategy for handling complex coupling relationships.

[0068] The first type is one-to-many coupling, where one heat pump unit (which can be called the central unit) is coupled to multiple other heat pump units, but these heat pump units are not coupled to each other. The safety principle in this scenario is to prevent the central unit from operating simultaneously with any of the heat pump units that are coupled to it.

[0069] If a one-to-one matching is mechanically adopted, and only the central unit and the highest priority coupled object are grouped into sequential execution groups, then the remaining coupled units, if they are included in the synchronous execution group, may cause their runtime segments to overlap with the previously formed sequential execution groups, violating safety constraints.

[0070] To address this situation, the central unit and the heat pump unit directly coupled to it can be assigned to the same multi-member sequential execution group. Within this group, all members are sorted according to the priority order of the initial operation sequence, and coupling constraints between these two specific heat pump units are inserted between any two adjacent members.

[0071] For example, in the case of A coupled with B and C, a multi-member sequential execution group [A, B, C] is formed according to priority order (sorted by priority).

[0072] A and B are directly constrained. B and C are constrained (Because B and C are not directly coupled,) (Possibly a very small default value), A and C are separated by B, which is enough to form a time constraint.

[0073] The second type is many-to-many coupling, where A, B, and C are mutually coupled, forming a coupling cluster. The security principle in this scenario is that no two units within the cluster can operate simultaneously, as there is a direct security conflict risk between them.

[0074] To address this situation, all heat pump units within the entire coupling cluster are assigned to a multi-member sequential execution group. All units within the group are then sorted according to the priority of the initial operation sequence to form an execution sequence. During the startup interval between every two adjacent devices, the most stringent time constraint value among all coupling types involved in this coupling cluster is uniformly inserted. This is because in a fully coupled cluster, the startup of any device will change the state of the entire local system. Therefore, the startup of the next device must wait for all potentially affected system parameters to return to the safest state.

[0075] The fourth stage applies time constraints to the sequential execution group corresponding to the coupling type involved: S41. For sequential execution groups involving only spatial coupling, the two heat pump units are started sequentially according to their arrangement in the initial operation sequence, and an environmental recovery interval is inserted between the start-up times of adjacent heat pumps. The environmental recovery interval should be sufficient to allow the local ambient temperature rise caused by the operation of the previous heat pump to be fully attenuated, ensuring that the inlet air temperature of the subsequent heat pump is not disturbed. For example, the change curve of ambient temperature over time after startup can be obtained by testing, and the time required for the ambient temperature to recover to the initial ambient temperature can be read from it, which is generally 3 to 10 minutes.

[0076] S42. For sequential execution groups involving only electrical coupling, the two heat pump units are started sequentially according to their arrangement in the initial operation sequence, and an electrical protection delay is inserted between the start-up times of adjacent heat pumps. The electrical protection delay must ensure that the starting current of the previous heat pump drops back to the rated operating current level before the next heat pump is started. For example, the duration required for the starting current peak to drop to the rated operating current can be obtained from the motor starting characteristic curve in the heat pump equipment manufacturer's technical manual as the electrical protection delay.

[0077] It should be added that if a sequential execution group involves multiple coupling types, the maximum time constraint value between the spatial and electrical coupling relationships is taken as the final time constraint to simultaneously satisfy the safety constraints of all involved coupling relationships.

[0078] Because the heat pump units in the synchronous execution group are not spatially or electrically coupled to each other, they can be safely started in parallel. Even if one of the heat pumps is slow to start due to equipment aging or communication delays, its operation will not interfere with the other units in the same group. The system can allow it to continue operating, while the remaining heat pumps work as usual, and the overall heating capacity is basically unaffected.

[0079] Sequential execution groups, due to coupling constraints, must follow a time-sequenced startup logic. If an anomaly occurs during the startup of an earlier heat pump unit, waiting for it to recover will indefinitely block the startup of subsequent heat pump units, resulting in the inability to meet the heat load of subsequent sub-regions in a timely manner.

[0080] For an example of applying the above operations to traverse the initial operation sequence for matching and applying time constraints, see [link to example]. Figure 5 As shown.

[0081] Based on this, the present invention sets up an execution feedback module, which monitors the start-up status feedback signal of the preceding heat pump unit in real time after issuing control commands to the sequential execution group, and dynamically decides whether to start the subsequent heat pump units in sequence based on the feedback. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of multi-heat pump coordinated operation, it avoids subsequent scheduling blockage caused by abnormal start-up of a single device, and improves the timeliness of heating response.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the execution feedback module includes the following: when the preceding heat pump unit in the sequential execution group receives a start command, a timer is activated to continuously collect the operating start parameters of the preceding heat pump unit, including but not limited to compressor operating status signals, start current or power curves.

[0083] If the running startup parameters are within the normal range before the timer expires (the normal range of running startup parameters can be obtained from the equipment technical manual of the heat pump unit), then the heat pump unit is determined to have started successfully. At this time, after waiting for the corresponding coupling constraint interval, the next heat pump unit in the startup sequence will be executed.

[0084] If the timer times out and the startup parameters still do not meet the normal requirements, the heat pump unit is determined to have failed to start. At this time, the corresponding heat pump unit is marked as an abnormal unit and is skipped. Since the previous heat pump unit failed to start, there is no coupling interference to the subsequent heat pump unit, and the subsequent heat pump unit in the sequential execution group can be started directly.

[0085] The duration of the timer can be extracted from the historical operating data of the heat pump unit to determine the actual start-up completion time of multiple successful starts (i.e., the time required from the issuance of the start command to the stabilization of the current), and then the 95th percentile or the maximum value is taken, with an additional safety margin (such as +10 to 20 seconds).

[0086] After the sequential execution of the group control process is completed, the heat pump units marked as abnormal are diagnosed and processed to prevent abnormal equipment from being rescheduled in an unrepaired state and to avoid repeated failures.

[0087] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0089] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0090] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0091] Finally, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating, characterized in that, include: The regional division module obtains the primary topology map of the heating network in the heating coverage area, identifies independent hydraulic pipelines in the network, and, in combination with the spatial distribution of building clusters within the heating coverage area, defines the area covered by geographically continuous building clusters served by independent hydraulic pipelines as a sub-region, and assigns geographically adjacent heat pump units to each sub-region. Demand judgment module: Real-time monitoring of return water temperature in each sub-area to determine whether there is a heat load demand, and then selecting the target heat pump unit from all heat pump units when a heat load demand is determined. Sequence planning module: Generates an initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit based on the heat demand level of the sub-region, and determines the spatial and electrical coupling relationship of the sequence. Based on the determination result, the target heat pump unit is divided into synchronous execution group and sequential execution group, and time constraints corresponding to the coupling type involved are applied to the sequential execution group. Execution feedback module: After issuing control commands to the sequential execution group, it monitors the start-up status feedback signal of the preceding heat pump unit in real time, and makes dynamic decisions on whether to start the subsequent heat pump units in sequence based on the feedback. The determination of the spatial and electrical coupling relationship of the sequence is as follows: Obtain the physical installation location information of each heat pump unit in the initial operation sequence, and calculate the straight-line distance between any two heat pump units based on the location information; If the straight-line distance between two heat pump units is less than the safe space coupling distance, then it is determined that there is a spatial coupling relationship between them; Query the power supply circuit identifier and upstream transformer information corresponding to each heat pump unit. If any two heat pump units share the same power supply circuit or their power supply circuits belong to the same transformer with limited capacity, it is determined that there is an electrical coupling relationship between them. The division into synchronous execution group and sequential execution group is as follows: With the target heat pump unit as the vertex, if there is any kind of spatial or electrical coupling relationship between any two heat pump units, then an undirected edge is established between the corresponding vertices to form a coupling relationship graph. Traverse the initial operation sequence in the formed coupling graph. If the current heat pump unit is not matched and there are other heat pump units that are connected to it by an edge but are not matched, then match the current heat pump unit with the heat pump unit, add the edge to the matching edge set, and mark the two heat pump units as matched. Divide the two heat pump units corresponding to each matching edge into a sequential execution group and record the coupling type involved in the group; All heat pump units that do not appear in any matching edge are divided into synchronous execution groups; The output includes the division results of synchronous execution groups and sequential execution groups; The time constraint applied to the sequential execution group, corresponding to the coupling type involved, is as follows: For sequential execution groups that only involve spatial coupling, the two heat pump units are started sequentially according to their arrangement in the initial operation sequence, and an environmental recovery interval is inserted between the start-up times of adjacent heat pumps. For sequential execution groups involving only electrical coupling, the two heat pump units are started sequentially according to their arrangement in the initial operation sequence, and an electrical protection delay is inserted between the start-up times of adjacent heat pumps.

2. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The allocation of geographically adjacent heat pump units to each sub-region includes the following: Based on the physical installation location of the heat pump unit in the heating station and its directly connected primary water supply branch, all user-end areas connected by the branch are considered as the heating influence range of the heat pump unit. The heating influence range of the heat pump unit is matched with the geographical range of the sub-region, and the heat pump unit that falls entirely within the geographical range of the sub-region is allocated to that sub-region.

3. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The determination of whether there is a heat load demand includes the following: For each sub-area, a temperature monitoring point is set on each of the return water branch pipes it contains; The length of the pipeline from the heat pump outlet of each sub-region to the corresponding return water branch pipe into the main return water pipe is defined as the hydraulic distance. The hydraulic distance is normalized, and the reciprocal of the normalized distance value is taken as the weight coefficient of the corresponding return water branch pipe. Based on the measured return water temperature of each monitoring point in each sub-region and the corresponding weight of the return water branch pipe to which the monitoring point belongs, the comprehensive return water temperature of the sub-region is calculated by linear weighted average. The overall return water temperature of the sub-region is compared with the target return water temperature, and the duration of the temperature being lower than the target return water temperature is recorded. If the overall return water temperature of a certain sub-region is lower than the target return water temperature and the duration reaches or exceeds the preset duration threshold, it is determined that there is a heat load demand in that sub-region; otherwise, there is no heat load demand.

4. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of selecting the target heat pump unit from all heat pump units includes the following: The sub-regions with heat load demand are identified, and the heat pump units allocated to these sub-regions are designated as target heat pump units.

5. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The generation of the initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit includes the following: The sub-regions with heat load demand are arranged in descending order of the difference between the comprehensive return water temperature and the target return water temperature to obtain the heat demand sequence of the sub-regions. Based on the mapping relationship between the sub-region and its assigned target heat pump unit, the sub-region in the heat demand sequence is replaced with the corresponding target heat pump unit to obtain the initial operation sequence for the target heat pump unit.

6. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The imposition of time constraints on the sequential execution group corresponding to the coupling type involved also includes the following: If a sequential execution group involves multiple coupling types, the maximum time constraint value between the spatial and electrical coupling relationships is taken as the final time constraint.

7. The heating control and regulation system based on air source heat pump centralized heating as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The execution feedback module includes the following: When the upstream heat pump unit in the sequential execution group receives the start command, the timer is activated to continuously collect the operating start parameters of the upstream heat pump unit. If the running startup parameters are within the normal range before the timer expires, the heat pump unit is determined to have started successfully. At this time, after waiting for the corresponding coupling constraint interval, the heat pump unit in the startup sequence group is executed later. If the timer times out and the running startup parameters are still not within the normal range, the heat pump unit is determined to have failed to start. At this time, the corresponding heat pump unit is marked as an abnormal unit, and the heat pump unit is skipped. The next heat pump unit in the sequential execution group is started directly. After the sequential execution of the group control process is completed, the heat pump units marked as abnormal are diagnosed and handled.

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