Geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to a geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method and system. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a three-dimensional terrain surface model; based on the drilling data, a point-layer-body integrated drilling model is constructed through attribute, symbolization and standardization means; through two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping, a longitudinal section and a transverse section are associated with the drilling model, and continuous expression of a geological interface is achieved by taking a geological line as a fitting support; based on spatial interpolation and Boolean algebraic operation, stratigraphic bodies are generated layer by layer, and a complete three-dimensional geologic model is obtained; through parameterized design and rule matching, a coupling relation between the tunnel section and the surrounding rock grade and the ultrahigh parameter is established, and a three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure is generated; and the three-dimensional geologic model and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure are integrated and output. According to the invention, the whole process integration from geological modeling to structural design is realized on a unified platform, and informationized, intelligent and standardized design and delivery are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering and building information modeling (BIM) integration, and particularly relates to a geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, there are problems such as data fragmentation, process fragmentation and platform fragmentation between geological modeling and structure design in the tunnel design industry. On the one hand, the expression of geological information still stays at the level of two-dimensional drawings and static profile maps, which cannot be effectively coupled with the structure model, resulting in that the structure design cannot fully consider the influence of geological changes; on the other hand, the traditional BIM modeling is mainly based on structure, and lacks geological modeling capability, which causes problems such as incomplete construction information, insufficient model depth, design and construction disconnection and the like. In addition, the design data between different stages and different roles is difficult to share, and there is a lack of unified standard, which affects the reusability of the model and the fine management of the project. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art that geological data is difficult to model, the profile generation efficiency is low, the tunnel structure design parameter configuration is complex, the model iteration efficiency is low, the geological information and the structure member lack coupling mechanism, the model data is difficult to standardize and is difficult to be used in the construction and operation stage, and there is a lack of graphical and intelligent design interface, and provides a geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method and system.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted: a geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1, based on piecewise polynomial interpolation and weighted fusion of engineering survey control points, a terrain surface model for three-dimensional modeling is constructed;

[0006] S2, through attribute expression, symbolization and standardization, the stratum information and spatial geometry are unified to realize multi-dimensional semantic mapping of stratum name, color and symbol;

[0007] S3, based on the spatial coordinates of the drill hole point, the thickness parameter and the stratum correlation rule, a point-layer-body integrated drill hole model is constructed to form a discretization constraint system of geological structure;

[0008] S4, through two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping, the longitudinal and transverse profiles are associated with the drill hole model, and the geological line is taken as the fitting support to realize continuous expression of the geological interface;

[0009] S5, based on spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operation, the stratum body is generated layer by layer to realize logical segmentation and spatial splicing of the multi-layer geological unit, and a complete three-dimensional geological model is obtained;

[0010] S6, through parameterized design and rule matching, a coupling relationship between the tunnel section and the surrounding rock grade and the super-high parameter is established, and a three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure is generated through the stretching of the section contour and the automatic matching of the component library;

[0011] S7, the three-dimensional geological model and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure are integrated and output in multiple formats, realizing the whole process integration and information sharing from geological modeling to structure design.

[0012] In particular, in S1, the construction of the terrain surface is based on the fusion of spatial geometric constraints and terrain data, the modeling domain is defined through line string or boundary shape, the terrain surface is represented as a piecewise continuous spatial function, so as to reduce the model calculation complexity while ensuring the spatial coverage integrity; the mathematical expression is as follows:

[0013] , ;

[0014] Among them, represents the modeling domain, represents the terrain elevation, is a piecewise continuous function, which can be represented by polynomial interpolation or spline function:

[0015] ;

[0016] Among them, is a basis function, is a control point weight, n, m is the number of segments.

[0017] In particular, in S2, the expression of stratum data adopts a unified method of attribution and symbolization, the stratum name, color and symbol are taken as the stratum attribute set, the color mapping rule is based on the Engineering Geological Mapping Standard, and the user-defined stratum-color association library is supported, forming a data standard suitable for different model environments, ensuring the consistency of geological objects in the semantic layer and the geometric layer;

[0018] Each stratum unit can be represented as an attribute set:

[0019] ;

[0020] Among them, represents the stratum name; represents the color, which is selected according to the Engineering Geological Mapping Standard (GB / T 50574-2010); represents the symbol representation, such as dots, stripes; represents the density; represents the elastic modulus; represents the Poisson's ratio; indicates the internal friction angle; indicates the cohesion.

[0021] In particular, in S3, the construction of the borehole model is a discrete expression method based on spatial coordinate constraints, thickness functions, and stratigraphic association rules, with borehole points as spatial control points, thickness parameters as longitudinal stratification constraints, and stratigraphic association as attribute mapping relationships, to realize point-layer-body integrated expression of geological bodies;

[0022] Borehole data is the core of three-dimensional geological modeling. Each borehole contains spatial coordinates, stratigraphic thickness, and stratigraphic association rules, namely:

[0023] ;

[0024] wherein, indicates the spatial coordinates of the borehole; indicates the thickness of the jth layer; indicates the stratigraphic attribute mapping;

[0025] Through point-layer-body integrated modeling, a continuous three-dimensional geological body can be formed, namely:

[0026] ;

[0027] In particular, in S4, in the two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping, the longitudinal section is dominated by linear pile number coordinates, and the horizontal section is based on local orthogonal coordinates. Through section projection, three-dimensional borehole data is mapped to two-dimensional sections, and then through the establishment of fitting support between two-dimensional and three-dimensional models by segmented continuous geological lines, the continuous expression of the borehole model and the three-dimensional geological body is realized.

[0028] Through two-dimensional longitudinal and horizontal section mapping, the continuous expression of the borehole model and the three-dimensional geological body is realized as:

[0029] ;

[0030] wherein, the longitudinal section is a linear coordinate system along the pile number direction; the horizontal section is a local orthogonal coordinate system; and the geological line fitting is a fitting of section data through segmented continuous curves or spline functions.

[0031] In particular, in S5, the construction of three-dimensional geological interfaces and stratigraphic bodies is based on the combination of spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra. Geological interfaces are jointly fitted by borehole control points and section geological lines, continuous surface interpolation methods are used to form boundary surfaces, and then through Boolean subtraction and Boolean intersection operations in set theory, stratigraphic bodies are generated layer by layer to realize the logical division and continuous splicing of multiple geological units in space; namely:

[0032] Through spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operations, a complete three-dimensional geological body is generated:

[0033] ;

[0034] wherein, is the i-th geological interface; is the intersection of the upper geological body;

[0035] Spatial interpolation adopts Kriging method or polynomial interpolation:

[0036] ;

[0037] wherein, denotes the interpolation weight; denotes the control point elevation.

[0038] In particular, in S6, when generating the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure, the two-dimensional section is parameterized by the stake number, the surrounding rock grade and the superhigh parameter to form a parameterized constraint set , that is:

[0039] ;

[0040] wherein, denotes the tunnel radius or the section contour parameter; denotes the section superhigh; denotes the section thickness; denotes the surrounding rock grade;

[0041] The three-dimensional model is generated by spatial stretching of the section contour, that is, by two-dimensional contour curves spatial stretching, generating a three-dimensional main hole:

[0042] ;

[0043] wherein, denotes the tunnel curve length; denotes the entity volume generated along the curve;

[0044] The component arrangement establishes a rule library through the matching relationship between the surrounding rock grade and the tunnel curve, realizes the automatic selection and layout of the tunnel components, and dynamically adjusts the arrangement parameters according to the stratum fracture zone condition; the component set includes steel frames, anchor rods, anchor rods, portals, retaining walls, that is:

[0045] ;

[0046] Each component defines a property set:

[0047] ;

[0048] Wherein, PlacementRules represents installation spacing, direction, support mode, and GeoLink represents component and geological body association rules;

[0049] By rule matching function Automatic arrangement:

[0050] ;

[0051] Wherein, represents a three-dimensional geological model, represents a parameterized section constraint.

[0052] In particular, in S7, by coupling function Combine three-dimensional geological model with three-dimensional model of tunnel structure:

[0053] ;

[0054] Detect component and geological interface intersection, adjust component position or section parameter; according to stratum physical and mechanical parameters, calculate structure stress and support stability, which can be combined with finite element analysis:

[0055] ;

[0056] Wherein, represents normal stress, represents strain, represents shear stress, represents cohesion, represents internal friction angle.

[0057] A geological modeling and tunnel structure integrated design method system, comprising a geological modeling module, a tunnel structure design module, a component library module, an output and interaction module, and a data processing and integration mechanism;

[0058] The geological modeling module realizes data import through a multi-source data fusion interface, and is internally provided with a stratum abnormal value automatic detection algorithm, is configured to receive terrain data and drilling data, and provides a three-dimensional geological model to the tunnel structure design module through the data processing and integration mechanism;

[0059] The tunnel structure design module is used for parameterized section design, three-dimensional generation of main hole, component arrangement and attribute management;

[0060] The component library module is configured to obtain a geological model from the geological modeling module, and generate a tunnel structure model according to the surrounding rock grade parameter, including standardized component templates of steel frame, anchor rod, anchor rod with locking foot, portal and retaining wall, and supports parameterized calling and attribute management, so as to ensure consistency and expandability of the design model;

[0061] The output and interaction module is used for data export, 3D visualization, and linkage with construction and operation and maintenance platforms of the integrated geological-structural model, including support for multi-format data output, dynamic interactive display of the model, and attribute query.

[0062] The data processing and integration mechanism, through data interfaces and semantic mapping between modules, enables data sharing and continuous management among the geological modeling module, tunnel structure design module, and component library module, ensuring the integration and consistency of methods and theories among the modules within the system.

[0063] Specifically, the geological modeling module includes:

[0064] The stratigraphic drawing and management unit is used to establish a two-dimensional closed geometry in the model space as the modeling range, and to express the stratigraphic name, color and symbol in an attribute-based manner based on the geological unit type, so as to realize the semantic mapping and standardized management of stratigraphic information.

[0065] Geological profiles and identification units, based on engineering survey data and borehole results, group the soil and rock masses and assign parameters, and establish continuous geological lines on longitudinal and transverse profiles to achieve two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping and interactive three-dimensional geometric construction;

[0066] Geological interface units utilize Boolean algebra operations and spatial interpolation methods to transform profile information into a three-dimensional geological mesh, generating stratigraphic volumes layer by layer and eliminating intersections and overlaps to achieve a complete three-dimensional geological model containing rock and soil properties.

[0067] The tunnel structure design module includes:

[0068] The cross-section parameterization unit, based on the cross-section design rules of surrounding rock grade, tunnel curve and ultra-high parameters, maps the initial support, secondary lining and trench contours into a stretchable three-dimensional structural model.

[0069] The automatic component matching and placement unit, through its interface with the component library module, calls component templates to achieve intelligent placement and attribute association of components.

[0070] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it achieves deep integration of geological information and tunnel structure design, unifying the management of geological properties, spatial geometry, and structural component parameters, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of 3D modeling and design efficiency.

[0071] 1. Supports forward modeling throughout the entire process from geological modeling to tunnel structure design, reducing repetitive manual operations and model iteration time, and improving model accuracy and design efficiency: 3D modeling accuracy is improved from 70%~80% to over 90%, with an error of ≤5cm; the entire design cycle is shortened by 40%~60%; no manual conversion of CAD drawings is required, the data loss rate is reduced from 20% to below 1%, and the data interaction cost is reduced by 60%~80%.

[0072] 2. The combination of parametric design and intelligent layout of components can automatically match and arrange components such as steel frames, anchor bolts, and portals according to tunnel curves, surrounding rock grades, and superelevation parameters, reducing the design error rate and ensuring the rationality of component layout: the design error rate is reduced from the industry average of 12%~15% to 2%~5%, avoiding support parameter errors caused by the disconnect between geology and structure; the matching degree between component layout and geological conditions is improved by 80%~90%.

[0073] 3. Standardization of model data and unification of attributes enable collaborative application of geological and structural information in all stages of design, construction and operation and maintenance, enhancing the reusability and cross-stage compatibility of the model: The model has a reuse rate of over 85% in the design, construction and operation and maintenance stages (the reuse rate of traditional models is only 30%); through attribute linkage query, the geological conditions corresponding to the faulty components can be quickly matched, the response time for design changes in the construction stage is shortened from 54~72 hours to 4 hours, and the efficiency of component fault location in the operation and maintenance stage is improved by 60%.

[0074] 4. Enhance the visualization and interactivity of the model. Through 3D dynamic display, attribute query, and multi-format export, make engineering information transparent, support refined construction management and operation and maintenance decision-making, and improve the level of engineering management. Attached Figure Description

[0075] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 A model diagram of the ground shape of the system of the present invention is constructed;

[0078] Figure 4 This is a complete geological structure model diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 This is a model diagram of the tunnel structure components of the system of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 This is a complete tunnel structure model diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0081] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0083] like Figures 1-2As shown, an integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method employs multi-source data-driven 3D modeling, combining spatial data representation, attribute semantic modeling, and parametric design to achieve the availability and continuity of geological information in structural design. The method includes the following steps:

[0084] S1. Based on piecewise polynomial interpolation and weighted fusion of engineering survey control points, a terrain surface model for 3D modeling is constructed.

[0085] The terrain surface is constructed based on the fusion of spatial geometric constraints and terrain data. The modeling domain is defined by line strings or boundary shapes, and the terrain surface is represented as a piecewise continuous spatial function to reduce the computational complexity of the model while ensuring the integrity of spatial coverage. The mathematical expression is as follows:

[0086] , ;

[0087] in, Represents the modeling domain. Indicates terrain elevation. For piecewise continuous functions, they can be represented by polynomial interpolation or spline functions:

[0088] ;

[0089] in, As basis functions, Here, n represents the control point weights, and m represents the number of segments.

[0090] System Implementation: The "Terrain Drawing and Management Unit" in the geological modeling module is responsible for reading terrain data (point cloud, digital elevation model) and generating a 3D terrain mesh (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown). Import terrain data (measurement points or DEM files), define the modeling extent using line strings or closed geometry, generate a 3D terrain mesh based on a continuous function, and visualize to check mesh integrity and coverage.

[0091] It is important to note that a buffer zone should be left at the boundary of the modeling area to provide spatial constraints for subsequent tunnel structure design; the number of control points should be balanced between accuracy and computational efficiency; and outliers in elevation should be removed or corrected during the data preprocessing stage.

[0092] S2. By using attributed, symbolic, and standardized expressions, stratigraphic information is unified with spatial geometry, realizing multi-dimensional semantic mapping of stratigraphic names, colors, and symbols;

[0093] The stratigraphic data is represented using a unified approach of attributed and symbolic representation. Stratigraphic names, colors, and symbols are used as a set of stratigraphic attributes. The color mapping rules are based on the "Engineering Geological Mapping Standard" and support user-defined stratigraphic-color association libraries, forming a data standard suitable for different model environments and ensuring the consistency of geological objects at the semantic and geometric levels.

[0094] Each stratigraphic unit It can be represented as a set of attributes:

[0095] ;

[0096] in, Indicates the name of the stratigraphy; Colors are represented, and the color mapping rules are selected according to the "Standard for Engineering Geological Mapping" (GB / T 50574-2010); Symbols are used to represent things, such as dots and stripes; Indicates density; Indicates the elastic modulus; Indicates Poisson's ratio; Indicates the angle of internal friction; It represents cohesion.

[0097] System implementation: The "Stratigraphic Drawing and Management Unit" in the geological modeling module enables the input and storage of stratigraphic attributes. Users can input or import exploration data (Excel / JSON format) through the interface, and the system will automatically generate attributed stratigraphic units.

[0098] It is important to note that attribute values ​​must strictly adhere to specifications (such as surrounding rock grade and physical and mechanical parameters); symbols and colors should be consistent to ensure that the model's visualization effect is consistent with its semantic mapping.

[0099] S3. Based on the spatial coordinates of the borehole points, thickness parameters, and stratigraphic association rules, construct an integrated point-layer-volume borehole model to form a discretized constraint system for the geological structure.

[0100] The construction of the borehole model is a discretization expression method based on spatial coordinate constraints, thickness functions and stratigraphic association rules. The borehole point is used as the spatial control point, the thickness parameter is used as the vertical layer constraint, and the stratigraphic association is used as the attribute mapping relationship to realize the point-layer-volume integrated expression of the geological body.

[0101] Borehole data is the core of 3D geological modeling; each borehole... It includes spatial coordinates, layer thickness, and stratigraphic association rules, namely:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, Represents the spatial coordinates of the borehole; Indicates the thickness of the j-th layer; Represents the mapping of formation attributes;

[0104] By using integrated point-layer-volume modeling, continuous three-dimensional geological bodies can be formed. ,Right now:

[0105] .

[0106] The system implements the following: The "borehole model unit" is responsible for importing borehole data, identifying layers, and assigning attributes. The system supports the fusion of multi-source data, such as original borehole data, ground-penetrating radar data, and geophysical data. It can automatically generate point-layer-volume constraints for profile fitting and 3D interpolation.

[0107] It is important to note that the data format should be consistent (CSV, JSON, BIM standard interface); the spacing between borehole points should be set according to the geological complexity to ensure the continuity of the model; outliers or missing data can be corrected through spatial interpolation or geological rules.

[0108] S4. By using two-dimensional to three-dimensional mapping, the longitudinal and transverse profiles are associated with the borehole model, and geological lines are used as fitting support to achieve continuous expression of geological interfaces.

[0109] In the 2D-3D mapping, the longitudinal profile is dominated by linear station coordinates, while the transverse profile is based on local orthogonal coordinates. The 3D borehole data is mapped to the 2D profile through profile projection, and then the fitting support between the 2D and 3D models is established through segmented continuous geological line markings.

[0110] The continuous representation of borehole models and three-dimensional geological bodies is achieved through two-dimensional longitudinal and transverse profile mapping:

[0111] ;

[0112] Among them, the longitudinal profile is a linear coordinate system along the station direction; the transverse profile is a locally orthogonal coordinate system; and the geological line fitting is the fitting of profile data by piecewise continuous curves or spline functions (B-spline).

[0113] The system implements interactive generation of longitudinal and transverse profiles using "geological profiles and identifier units". Users can manually or automatically select profile points, and the system generates fitted geological lines. These geological lines serve as boundary conditions in the 3D model to guide the generation of stratigraphic bodies.

[0114] It is important to note that the spacing between profiles and the number of profile lines should be balanced between modeling accuracy and computational load; geological lines should be smooth and continuous, avoiding local intersections or self-intersections; profile priorities can be set to handle complex faults or fracture zones.

[0115] S5. Based on spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operations, stratigraphic volumes are generated layer by layer to realize the logical segmentation and spatial splicing of multi-layer geological units and obtain a complete three-dimensional geological model.

[0116] The construction of three-dimensional geological interfaces and stratigraphic volumes is based on a combination of spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra. The geological interfaces are jointly fitted using borehole control points and geological profile lines. A continuous surface interpolation method is used to form the boundary surfaces. Then, Boolean subtraction and intersection operations in set theory are used to generate stratigraphic volumes layer by layer, achieving the logical segmentation and continuous splicing of multiple geological units in space; that is:

[0117] Generate a complete three-dimensional geological body through spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operations:

[0118] ;

[0119] in, This represents the geological interface of the i-th layer. This is the intersection of upper geological bodies;

[0120] Spatial interpolation uses either kriging or polynomial interpolation:

[0121] ;

[0122] in, Indicates the interpolation weights; Indicates the elevation of the control point.

[0123] The system implements: "Geological interface units" generate a 3D mesh, and layer-by-layer Boolean operations form a complete geological body (e.g., Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it supports the inheritance of soil and rock properties (density, elastic modulus, friction angle, etc.), and the output can be used for parametric input in finite element analysis and tunnel structure design.

[0124] It is important to note that the mesh density must meet the requirements of structural design and mechanical analysis; for complex faults or fracture zones, additional profiles and control points are required; and attention should be paid to the order of Boolean operations during the calculation process to ensure logical correctness.

[0125] S6. Through parametric design and rule matching, establish the coupling relationship between the tunnel cross section and the surrounding rock grade and ultra-high parameters, and generate a three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure by stretching the cross section profile and automatically matching the component library.

[0126] When generating a 3D model of the tunnel structure, the 2D cross-section constitutes a parameterized constraint set using station number, surrounding rock grade, and superelevation parameters. ,Right now:

[0127] ;

[0128] in, Indicates the tunnel radius or cross-sectional profile parameter; Indicates superelevation of the cross section; Indicates the cross-sectional thickness; Indicates the surrounding rock grade;

[0129] The 3D model is generated as a solid by spatially stretching the cross-sectional contour, that is: through the 2D contour curve. Spatial stretching generates a three-dimensional main hole:

[0130] ;

[0131] in, Indicates the length of the tunnel curve; This indicates that the solid volume is generated by stretching along the curve.

[0132] System implementation: The "parametric unit" in the tunnel structure design module enables parameter input and two-dimensional contour generation. It supports the import of national standards or enterprise design specifications, automatically matches cross-sectional dimensions and material properties, and can generate the contours of the primary support, secondary lining and trench, and automatically calculate structural parameters such as cross-sectional area and moment of inertia.

[0133] It is important to note that cross-sectional stretching should be cross-checked with a three-dimensional geological model to avoid conflicts with unsuitable strata or underground structures; cross-sectional parameters should take into account construction process limitations, such as shield diameter and lining installation space; for high-grade surrounding rock, the parameters of thickened primary support or secondary lining can be increased to ensure a safety factor.

[0134] The component layout establishes a rule base based on the matching relationship between the surrounding rock grade and the tunnel curve, enabling automated selection and layout of tunnel components. Furthermore, the layout parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the condition of the fractured strata. Component assembly. This includes steel frames, anchor bolts, locking anchor bolts, portals, and retaining walls, namely:

[0135] ;

[0136] Each component Define attribute set:

[0137] ;

[0138] Among them, PlacementRules represents the installation spacing, direction, and support method, while GeoLink represents the rules for associating components with geological bodies;

[0139] By rule matching function Automatic placement:

[0140] ;

[0141] in, Representing a three-dimensional geological model, This represents parameterized section constraints.

[0142] System Implementation: Automatic Component Matching and Layout Unit: Based on cross-sectional parameters and geological conditions, the system retrieves templates from the component library to automatically generate the positions and attributes of steel frames, anchor bolts, and tunnel portals. The layout density and spacing can be adjusted to adapt to different surrounding rock grades and construction requirements. The system supports integration with 3D visualization modules (such as...). Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in the image, users can view the component layout in real time and make fine adjustments.

[0143] It is important to note that the arrangement of components must meet the feasibility requirements of construction, such as the installation sequence of the tunnel boring machine and the drilling angle of the anchor bolts; for irregular cross-section areas or fault fracture zones, the arrangement rules can be manually adjusted; the size and material properties of the components must be consistent with the enterprise standards and specifications.

[0144] S7. Integrate and output the three-dimensional geological model and the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure in a unified and multi-formatted manner to achieve full-process integration and information sharing from geological modeling to structural design;

[0145] Through coupling function Combining the three-dimensional geological model with the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure:

[0146] ;

[0147] Detect the intersection of the component with the geological interface and adjust the component's position or cross-sectional parameters; calculate the structural stress and support stability based on the geological physical and mechanical parameters, which can be combined with finite element analysis.

[0148] ;

[0149] in, Indicates normal stress, Indicates strain, Represents shear stress. Indicates cohesion. This represents the angle of internal friction.

[0150] System Implementation: The tunnel structure design module and the geological modeling module are coupled through data interfaces and semantic mapping. FEM or BIM data can be exported for structural analysis or construction simulation. The system supports multiple output formats (DGN, IFC, Excel, JSON) for easy use in the construction and operation and maintenance phases.

[0151] It is important to note that geometric accuracy must be ensured during the coupling process to avoid conflicts between components and geological bodies; for complex faults or fracture zones, mesh accuracy needs to be increased or layout rules adjusted; the system should support version management to facilitate iterative design optimization.

[0152] A system for an integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method includes a geological modeling module, a tunnel structure design module, a component library module, an output and interaction module, and a data processing and integration mechanism.

[0153] The geological modeling module imports data through a multi-source data fusion interface and incorporates a built-in automatic anomaly detection algorithm. It is configured to receive topographic and borehole data and provide a 3D geological model to the tunnel structure design module through data processing and integration mechanisms; including:

[0154] The stratigraphic drawing and management unit is used to establish a two-dimensional closed geometry in the model space as the modeling range, and to express the stratigraphic name, color and symbol in an attribute-based manner based on the geological unit type, so as to realize the semantic mapping and standardized management of stratigraphic information.

[0155] Geological profiles and identification units, based on engineering survey data and borehole results, group the soil and rock masses and assign parameters, and establish continuous geological lines on longitudinal and transverse profiles to achieve two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping and interactive three-dimensional geometric construction;

[0156] Geological interface units utilize Boolean algebra operations and spatial interpolation methods to transform profile information into a three-dimensional geological mesh, generating stratigraphic volumes layer by layer and eliminating intersections and overlaps to achieve a complete three-dimensional geological model containing rock and soil properties.

[0157] The tunnel structure design module is used for parametric cross-section design, 3D generation of the main tunnel, component layout, and attribute management; it includes:

[0158] The cross-section parameterization unit, based on the cross-section design rules of surrounding rock grade, tunnel curve and ultra-high parameters, maps the initial support, secondary lining and trench contours into a stretchable three-dimensional structural model.

[0159] The automatic component matching and placement unit, through its interface with the component library module, calls component templates to achieve intelligent placement and attribute association of components.

[0160] The component library module is configured to obtain geological models from the geological modeling module and generate tunnel structure models based on the surrounding rock grade parameters, including standardized component templates for steel frames, anchor bolts, locking anchor bolts, portals, and retaining walls. It also supports parameterized calls and attribute-based management to ensure the consistency and scalability of the design model.

[0161] The output and interaction module is used for data export, 3D visualization, and linkage with construction and operation and maintenance platforms of the integrated geological-structural model, including support for multi-format data output, dynamic interactive display of the model, and attribute query.

[0162] The data processing and integration mechanism, through data interfaces and semantic mapping between modules, enables data sharing and continuous management among the geological modeling module, tunnel structure design module, and component library module, ensuring the integration and consistency of methods and theories among the modules within the system.

[0163] The system module design and operation process in this invention are as follows:

[0164] 1. Geological Modeling Module and Operation Process:

[0165] Functions: Terrain extraction, borehole import, stratigraphic attribute management, profile generation, and 3D stratigraphic volume construction;

[0166] Operation: Import terrain and borehole data; define modeling boundaries and control points; attribute the strata and generate profiles; use Boolean operations to generate 3D geological volumes.

[0167] 2. Tunnel structure design module and operation process:

[0168] Functions: Parametric cross-section design, 3D main tunnel generation, component layout;

[0169] Operation: Input the surrounding rock grade and superelevation parameters; automatically generate cross-sections and stretch them to form a three-dimensional structure; call the component library for intelligent layout.

[0170] 3. Component Library Module and Operation Process:

[0171] It includes templates for standard steel frames, anchor bolts, portals, retaining walls, etc.; supports parameterized calling and attribute-based management; and can be expanded to include enterprise-customized components.

[0172] 4. Output and interaction modules and operation process:

[0173] Data export, 3D visualization, and integration with construction / operation and maintenance platforms; supports attribute querying, dynamic display, and multi-format output.

[0174] 5. Data processing and integration mechanisms and operation procedures:

[0175] Modules share data through interfaces and semantic mapping; ensuring continuity in geological modeling, cross-section design, and component layout; and supporting version management and iterative optimization.

[0176] This invention adopts a multi-source geological data-driven 3D modeling approach, which is deeply integrated with parametric tunnel structure design. It achieves full-process integration from geological modeling to structural design on a unified platform, realizing information-based, intelligent, and standardized design and delivery.

[0177] The present invention has been described above by way of example. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any improvements made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or direct application to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrating geological modeling and tunnel structure design, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Based on piecewise polynomial interpolation and weighted fusion of engineering survey control points, a terrain surface model for 3D modeling is constructed. S2. By using attributed, symbolic, and standardized expressions, stratigraphic information is unified with spatial geometry, realizing multi-dimensional semantic mapping of stratigraphic names, colors, and symbols; S3. Based on the spatial coordinates of the borehole points, thickness parameters, and stratigraphic association rules, construct an integrated point-layer-volume borehole model to form a discretized constraint system for the geological structure. S4. By using two-dimensional to three-dimensional mapping, the longitudinal and transverse profiles are associated with the borehole model, and geological lines are used as fitting support to achieve continuous expression of geological interfaces. S5. Based on spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operations, stratigraphic volumes are generated layer by layer to realize the logical segmentation and spatial splicing of multi-layer geological units and obtain a complete three-dimensional geological model. S6. Through parametric design and rule matching, establish the coupling relationship between the tunnel cross section and the surrounding rock grade and ultra-high parameters, and generate a three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure by stretching the cross section profile and automatically matching the component library. S7. Integrate the 3D geological model with the 3D model of the tunnel structure and output it in multiple formats to achieve full-process integration and information sharing from geological modeling to structural design.

2. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the terrain surface is constructed based on the fusion of spatial geometric constraints and terrain data. The modeling domain is defined by line strings or boundary shapes, and the terrain surface is represented as a piecewise continuous spatial function to reduce the computational complexity of the model while ensuring the integrity of spatial coverage. The mathematical expression is as follows: ， ； in, Represents the modeling domain. Indicates terrain elevation. For piecewise continuous functions, they can be represented by polynomial interpolation or spline functions: ； in, As basis functions, Here, n represents the control point weights, and m represents the number of segments.

3. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, stratigraphic data is represented using a unified method of attributed and symbolic representation. Stratigraphic names, colors, and symbols are used as stratigraphic attribute sets. Color mapping rules are based on the "Engineering Geological Mapping Standards" and support user-defined stratigraphic-color association libraries, forming data standards suitable for different model environments and ensuring the consistency of geological objects at the semantic and geometric levels. Each stratigraphic unit It can be represented as a set of attributes: ； in, Indicates the name of the strata; Color is represented, and the color mapping rules are selected according to the "Engineering Geological Mapping Standard"; Symbols are used to represent things, such as dots and stripes; Indicates density; Indicates the elastic modulus; Indicates Poisson's ratio; Indicates the angle of internal friction; It represents cohesion.

4. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the borehole model is constructed using a discretized representation method based on spatial coordinate constraints, thickness functions, and stratigraphic association rules. The borehole point is used as the spatial control point, the thickness parameter is used as the vertical layering constraint, and the stratigraphic association is used as the attribute mapping relationship to realize the point-layer-volume integrated expression of the geological body. Borehole data is the core of 3D geological modeling; each borehole... It includes spatial coordinates, layer thickness, and stratigraphic association rules, namely: ； in, Represents the spatial coordinates of the borehole; Indicates the thickness of the j-th layer; Represents the mapping of formation attributes; By using integrated point-layer-volume modeling, continuous three-dimensional geological bodies can be formed. ,Right now: 。 5. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S4, in the two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping, the longitudinal profile is dominated by linear station coordinates, and the transverse profile is based on local orthogonal coordinates. The three-dimensional borehole data is mapped to the two-dimensional profile through profile projection, and then the fitting support between the two-dimensional and three-dimensional models is established through segmented continuous geological line markings. The continuous representation of borehole models and three-dimensional geological bodies is achieved through two-dimensional longitudinal and transverse profile mapping: ； Among them, the longitudinal profile is a linear coordinate system along the station direction; the transverse profile is a locally orthogonal coordinate system; and the geological line fitting is achieved by fitting the profile data through piecewise continuous curves or spline functions.

6. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S5, the construction of three-dimensional geological interfaces and stratigraphic volumes is based on a combination of spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra. The geological interfaces are jointly fitted by borehole control points and geological profile lines. A continuous surface interpolation method is used to form the boundary surfaces. Then, Boolean subtraction and intersection operations in set theory are used to generate stratigraphic volumes layer by layer, achieving the logical segmentation and continuous splicing of multiple geological units in space; that is: Generate a complete three-dimensional geological body through spatial interpolation and Boolean algebra operations: ； in, This represents the geological interface of the i-th layer. This is the intersection of upper geological bodies; Spatial interpolation uses either kriging or polynomial interpolation: ； in, Indicates the interpolation weights; Indicates the elevation of the control point.

7. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S6, when generating a 3D model of the tunnel structure, the 2D cross-section constitutes a parameterized constraint set through station number, surrounding rock grade, and superelevation parameter. ,Right now: ； in, Indicates the tunnel radius or cross-sectional profile parameter; Indicates superelevation of the cross section; Indicates the cross-sectional thickness; Indicates the surrounding rock grade; The 3D model is generated as a solid by spatially stretching the cross-sectional contour, that is: through the 2D contour curve. Spatial stretching generates a three-dimensional main hole: ； in, Indicates the length of the tunnel curve; This indicates the volume of a solid generated by stretching along a curve. The component layout establishes a rule base based on the matching relationship between the surrounding rock grade and the tunnel curve, enabling automated selection and layout of tunnel components. Furthermore, the layout parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the condition of the fractured strata. Component assembly. This includes steel frames, anchor bolts, locking anchor bolts, portals, and retaining walls, namely: ； Each component Define attribute set: ； Among them, PlacementRules represents the installation spacing, direction, and support method, while GeoLink represents the rules for associating components with geological bodies; By rule matching function Automatic placement: ； in, Representing a three-dimensional geological model, This represents parameterized section constraints.

8. The integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In S7, through the coupling function Combining the three-dimensional geological model with the three-dimensional model of the tunnel structure: ； Detect the intersection of the component with the geological interface and adjust the component's position or cross-sectional parameters; calculate the structural stress and support stability based on the geological physical and mechanical parameters, which can be combined with finite element analysis. ； in, Indicates normal stress, Indicates strain, Represents shear stress. Indicates cohesion. This represents the internal friction angle.

9. A system for implementing the integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes a geological modeling module, a tunnel structure design module, a component library module, an output and interaction module, and a data processing and integration mechanism; The geological modeling module imports data through a multi-source data fusion interface and has a built-in automatic anomaly detection algorithm. It is configured to receive topographic data and borehole data and provide a three-dimensional geological model to the tunnel structure design module through data processing and integration mechanisms. The tunnel structure design module is used for parametric cross-section design, 3D generation of the main tunnel, component layout and attribute management; The component library module is configured to obtain geological models from the geological modeling module and generate tunnel structure models based on the surrounding rock grade parameters, including standardized component templates for steel frames, anchor bolts, locking anchor bolts, portals, and retaining walls. It also supports parameterized calls and attribute-based management to ensure the consistency and scalability of the design model. The output and interaction module is used for data export, 3D visualization, and linkage with construction and operation and maintenance platforms of the integrated geological-structural model, including support for multi-format data output, dynamic interactive display of the model, and attribute query. The data processing and integration mechanism, through data interfaces and semantic mapping between modules, enables data sharing and continuous management among the geological modeling module, tunnel structure design module, and component library module, ensuring the integration and consistency of methods and theories among the modules within the system.

10. The system of the integrated geological modeling and tunnel structure design method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The geological modeling module includes: The stratigraphic drawing and management unit is used to establish a two-dimensional closed geometry in the model space as the modeling range, and to express the stratigraphic name, color and symbol in an attribute-based manner based on the geological unit type, so as to realize the semantic mapping and standardized management of stratigraphic information. Geological profiles and identification units, based on engineering survey data and borehole results, group the soil and rock masses and assign parameters, and establish continuous geological lines on longitudinal and transverse profiles to achieve two-dimensional-three-dimensional mapping and interactive three-dimensional geometric construction; Geological interface units utilize Boolean algebra operations and spatial interpolation methods to transform profile information into a three-dimensional geological mesh, generating stratigraphic volumes layer by layer and eliminating intersections and overlaps to achieve a complete three-dimensional geological model containing rock and soil properties. The tunnel structure design module includes: The cross-section parameterization unit, based on the cross-section design rules of surrounding rock grade, tunnel curve and ultra-high parameters, maps the initial support, secondary lining and trench contours into a stretchable three-dimensional structural model. The automatic component matching and placement unit, through its interface with the component library module, calls component templates to achieve intelligent placement and attribute association of components.

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