Modularized power supply hot plug and endurance extension system of satellite portable station

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular power supply hot plug and endurance extension system of a satellite portable station, and relates to the technical field of satellite communication equipment power supply management, and the system comprises a hot plug pre-charging module which cuts off a commercial power loop after receiving a switching instruction, carries out the preliminary conduction of a battery power supply loop, and carries out the pre-charging of an output end capacitor through a controlled current, when pre-charging is completed, a battery power supply loop is completely conducted, and the battery is used as a host power supply energy source; the double-power equalization endurance module is used for acquiring SOC data of the two groups of batteries, and performing controllable discharging on the high-SOC batteries when the SOC data meets an equalization starting condition; and the working condition self-adaptive module is used for defining the operation mode as a plurality of power consumption modes, monitoring the working condition of the double-battery cooperative power supply equipment in real time and automatically switching the operation mode. According to the invention, non-impact power supply switching is realized through hot plug pre-charging intelligent control, equipment is protected, and communication continuity is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power management of satellite communication equipment, and particularly relates to a modular power hot plug and endurance extension system of a satellite portable station. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of satellite communication technology and the expansion of application range, higher requirements are put forward for the power supply system of a satellite portable station. As a key device in scenes such as emergency communication, scientific exploration, military operation and Internet of Things data collection, the power supply system of the satellite portable station has evolved from a single power supply mode to a modular architecture. With the increasing demand for continuous power supply, the prior art introduces modular power design and hot plug function, which has been verified in data centers and mobile base stations. Modern satellite portable stations usually integrate a mains monitoring and switching mechanism, use a solid state relay to realize automatic switching, and are equipped with a basic battery management system to maintain basic power supply.

[0003] In terms of multi-battery group cooperative power supply and dynamic energy management, the prior art still faces challenges. When the state of charge (SOC) between battery groups is unbalanced, the traditional system cannot effectively allocate and cooperatively use battery energy, which not only reduces energy utilization efficiency and shortens system running time, but also may cause battery over-discharge or over-charge, affecting system reliability. In addition, when switching between mains and battery power supply is frequently performed in emergency scenarios, the traditional system often produces voltage sag or current impact due to the lack of output capacitor pre-charge management, which brings risks to sensitive communication equipment (including Internet of Things sensors), and cannot adaptively adjust the power supply strategy according to the actual working conditions, resulting in energy waste or power supply shortage. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present application is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a modular power hot plug and endurance extension system of a satellite portable station to solve the problems of hot plug voltage fluctuation and multi-battery energy imbalance.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The present application provides a modular power hot plug and endurance extension system of a satellite portable station, which comprises a mains monitoring and switching module that monitors the mains input voltage in real time and issues a switching instruction when the mains input voltage appears abnormal; a hot plug pre-charge module that disconnects the mains loop after receiving the switching instruction, initially turns on the battery power supply loop and pre-charges the output capacitor with a controlled current, and completely turns on the battery power supply loop and uses the battery as the main power supply energy when the pre-charge is completed. ​The dual-battery balancing and endurance module connects to the second battery when the host power supply is stable, collects the SOC data of the two batteries, and when the SOC data meets the balancing start-up conditions, it performs controllable discharge of the high SOC battery. After the discharge ends, it activates the charging enable signal to control the dual batteries to work together to supply power. The adaptive operating mode module defines the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes and monitors the operating status of the equipment powered by the dual batteries in real time and automatically switches the operating mode.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the real-time monitoring of the mains input voltage refers to continuously collecting the mains input voltage and converting it into a digital signal, eliminating instantaneous interference through a moving average filtering algorithm, obtaining the filtered smooth voltage value as a sampling point, and calculating the effective value of the mains input voltage through multiple consecutive sampling points.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the step of issuing a switching command when an abnormality occurs in the mains input voltage is as follows: If the effective value of the mains input voltage drops sharply below the mains interruption detection threshold within a single sampling period, and the duration exceeds the interruption confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level one abnormality. The effective value of the mains input voltage is compared with the battery power supply start-up threshold. If the effective value of the mains input voltage continues to exceed the battery power supply start-up threshold and the duration exceeds the configuration anomaly confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level two anomaly. For dual abnormal situations, a second voltage sampling verification is performed. Once the verification confirms that it is a real abnormality, a switching command is immediately triggered for the first-level abnormality. For the second-level abnormality, a delay confirmation timer is started and a delay period is set. If the mains input voltage has not returned to normal after the delay period expires, a switching command is triggered.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and battery life extension system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the following steps are taken: upon receiving a switching command, the mains power circuit is disconnected, while the battery power supply circuit is initially turned on and the output capacitor is pre-charged with a controlled current. When the pre-charging is complete, the battery power supply circuit is fully turned on and the battery is used as the main unit's power source. Upon receiving the switching command, a disconnect signal is sent to the mains circuit control relay. At the same time, a PWM control signal is output to the MOSFET drive circuit in the battery power supply circuit. A progressive PWM control strategy is used to initially turn on the battery power supply circuit to precharge the output capacitor until the precharging is complete. When the output capacitor voltage is detected to be stable, the battery power supply circuit is fully turned on, and the battery is used as the power source for the host.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and battery life extension system for the portable satellite station described in this invention, the steps for connecting the second battery pack when the main unit's power supply is stable are as follows: When the host power supply is stable, the energy storage element in the second battery connection circuit is pre-charged. Monitor the pre-charge current trend and close the main contactor of the second battery pack when it reaches a stable state.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the following steps are taken: The SOC data of the two sets of batteries is collected. When the SOC data meets the conditions for balanced startup, the high SOC battery is controlled to discharge. After the discharge ends, a charging enable signal is activated to control the dual-battery collaborative power supply. Two sets of battery SOC data are collected. When the SOC data meets the equalization start-up conditions, the high SOC battery is controlled to discharge by using a current closed-loop control algorithm and simultaneously activating the equalization discharge MOSFET corresponding to the high SOC battery. When the SOC data meets the equalization completion condition, the equalization discharge MOSFET is turned off and the discharge ends. After the discharge is completed, the dual-battery collaborative power supply enable signal is activated. The output current weight is dynamically allocated according to the SOC ratio of the two battery groups, with the high SOC battery handling the large load and the low SOC battery handling the small load.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the equalization start-up condition is set by calculating the open-circuit voltage difference between the two sets of batteries and comparing the sum of the open-circuit voltage difference and the internal resistance at the current temperature with the product of the maximum operating current of the dual-battery parallel power supply. The equalization completion condition is set by calculating the voltage change rate difference between high-SOC and low-SOC batteries under the same load conditions, and comparing the voltage change rate difference with the minimum voltage sampling resolution of the device.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the portable satellite station described in this invention, the definition of the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes refers to dividing the operating mode into standby mode, satellite mode, communication mode, and charging mode according to the power demand characteristics of the device when performing different functional tasks.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and battery life extension system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the specific steps for real-time monitoring of the device's operating status and automatic switching of operating modes under dual-battery collaborative power supply are as follows: The device monitors the battery SOC, satellite communication status, and real-time power consumption of the dual-battery collaborative power supply in real time, and makes mode decisions. When the mains power is connected and the SOC of any battery is lower than the charging trigger threshold, it switches to charging mode. The satellite signal strength is obtained from the satellite communication status via the API interface. When the satellite signal strength meets the communication mode switching conditions, the communication mode is switched. By analyzing the logical AND operation results of the search flag bit and antenna adjustment status signal in the satellite communication status, the satellite search status is obtained. When the device is in satellite search status but has not established a valid connection, it switches to satellite search mode. When the satellite communication status is marked as no valid satellite signal and the main controller's operating frequency has dropped to the base frequency, switch to standby mode.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for the satellite portable station described in this invention, the communication mode switching conditions include communication quality conditions and energy consumption control conditions. Based on communication quality conditions, the communication modes are first screened, and then the results of the first screening are screened a second time in combination with energy consumption control conditions. Finally, the communication mode with the lowest energy consumption under the premise of satellite signal quality is switched.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: it achieves shock-free power supply switching through hot-swappable pre-charge intelligent control, protecting equipment and ensuring communication continuity; it adopts a dual-battery dynamic balancing mechanism to intelligently allocate load according to SOC differences, maximizing battery utilization; it also integrates IoT data acquisition functions to monitor power status and equipment operating conditions in real time; the three work together to construct an adaptive power management closed loop, improving the power supply reliability and continuous operation capability of the system in the field environment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Fig. 1 A schematic diagram of a modular power supply hot-swappable and power extension system for a portable satellite station.

[0019] Fig. 2A flowchart for real-time monitoring of mains input voltage and calculation of the effective value of mains input voltage.

[0020] Fig. 3 A flowchart for dual-battery collaborative power supply and equalization control.

[0021] Fig. 4 A flowchart for switching the battery power supply circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figs. 1-4 As one embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a modular power supply hot-swappable and power extension system for a portable satellite station, comprising the following steps: The mains power monitoring and switching module monitors the mains power input voltage in real time and issues a switching command when the mains power input voltage is abnormal.

[0026] Real-time monitoring of mains input voltage refers to continuously acquiring the mains input voltage and converting it into a digital signal. Then, a moving average filtering algorithm is used to eliminate instantaneous interference, and the filtered smooth voltage value is obtained as a sampling point. The effective value of the mains input voltage is calculated by using multiple consecutive sampling points.

[0027] Furthermore, a voltage sensor continuously collects the analog signal of the mains input voltage, which is then converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter. The digital signal is then processed by a moving average filtering algorithm to eliminate transient interference noise caused by power grid fluctuations and electromagnetic interference, obtaining the filtered smooth voltage value as a sampling point. Based on continuous... The effective value of the mains input voltage is calculated using a sampling point, expressed as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the effective value of the mains input voltage. This indicates the number of consecutive sampling points used in the calculation. Indicates the first One sampling point, It is the index of the sampling point.

[0028] It should be noted that the moving average filtering algorithm is a commonly used digital signal processing method to eliminate random noise and transient interference in signals. Its core idea is to take the nearest... The average of the data points is used as the current output value. When new data arrives, the oldest data is removed, the new data is added, and then the average is recalculated.

[0029] If the effective value of the mains input voltage drops sharply below the mains interruption detection threshold within a single sampling period, and the duration exceeds the interruption confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level one anomaly.

[0030] Furthermore, the effective value of the mains input voltage is compared with the mains interruption detection threshold in real time. When the effective value of the mains input voltage suddenly drops below the mains interruption detection threshold within a single sampling period, the interruption confirmation timer is started and the duration is recorded. When the duration exceeds the interruption confirmation time window, it is determined that the mains input voltage has a level one abnormality. It should be noted that the mains power outage detection threshold is set through a comprehensive evaluation of power grid standards and specifications, as well as the minimum operating voltage requirements of the equipment. The mains power outage detection threshold is set at approximately 30% of the nominal voltage of 220V, far below the lower limit of the equipment's normal operating voltage, ensuring reliable switching in the event of a true power outage. An example value is 50V-80V. The interruption confirmation time window is set through a comprehensive analysis of the technical requirements for preventing misjudgments due to transient interference and the system's response stability requirements. The interruption confirmation time window is longer than typical transient interference in the power grid (10-50ms), effectively filtering out short-term voltage drops and avoiding false triggering. An example value is 50ms-300ms.

[0031] The effective value of the mains input voltage is compared with the battery power supply start-up threshold. If the effective value of the mains input voltage continuously exceeds the battery power supply start-up threshold and the duration exceeds the configuration anomaly confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level two anomaly.

[0032] Furthermore, the effective value of the mains input voltage is compared with the battery power start-up threshold stored in the non-volatile memory in real time. When the effective value of the mains input voltage continuously exceeds the range of the battery power start-up threshold, a configuration anomaly confirmation timer is started and the duration is recorded. When the duration exceeds the configuration anomaly confirmation time window, the main controller determines that the mains input voltage has a level two anomaly. It should be noted that the battery power start-up threshold is set by comprehensively analyzing the lower limit of the device's operating voltage range and the characteristics of grid voltage fluctuations. The example value is 180V-250V. The example value covers the main range of the Chinese standard mains voltage 220V±10% (198V-242V) while appropriately widening the range to adapt to the possibility of grid instability in outdoor and emergency scenarios. The configuration of the anomaly confirmation time window is set by comprehensively evaluating the typical duration of power grid fluctuations and the reliability requirements for preventing erroneous switching. The configured anomaly confirmation time window is longer than the typical short-term power grid fluctuation recovery time (200ms-300ms) to ensure that responses are only made to persistent anomalies; an example value is 400ms-800ms.

[0033] For dual abnormal situations, a second voltage sampling verification is performed. Once the verification confirms that it is a real abnormality, a switching command is immediately triggered for the first-level abnormality. For the second-level abnormality, a delay confirmation timer is started and a delay period is set. If the mains input voltage has not returned to normal after the delay period expires, a switching command is triggered.

[0034] Furthermore, the effective value of the mains input voltage is re-acquired and calculated. If the newly calculated effective value of the mains input voltage exhibits the same abnormal characteristics as the effective value calculated in the first detection—that is, it is consistent in terms of abnormality type and trend—then the voltage abnormality is confirmed to be real, and the verification is successful. Specifically, for example, when the first detection identifies that the mains input voltage is higher than the battery power supply start-up threshold, the effective value of the voltage input voltage calculated in the second verification sampling must also be higher than the battery power supply start-up threshold. At the same time, the voltage waveform change trend characteristic parameters (including voltage change rate and fluctuation frequency) obtained from the two detections must show a consistent abnormal behavior in the continuous time domain, ensuring that the abnormal state is not caused by instantaneous interference, but reflects a continuous and stable abnormal state of the mains input voltage, thereby eliminating accidental interference factors and confirming the real power supply abnormality. After confirming the real abnormality, a switching command is immediately triggered for first-level abnormalities; for second-level abnormalities, to accelerate the response, the delay period can be set to 0.5 to 0.8 times the configured abnormality window. If the mains input voltage has not returned to normal after the delay period expires, a switching command is triggered.

[0035] The hot-swappable precharge module disconnects the mains power circuit upon receiving a switching command, while simultaneously initially connecting the battery power supply circuit and precharging the output capacitor with a controlled current. When the precharging is complete, the battery power supply circuit is fully connected, and the battery is used as the host power source.

[0036] Upon receiving the switching command, a disconnect signal is sent to the mains circuit control relay. At the same time, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control signal is output to the MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) drive circuit in the battery power supply circuit. A progressive PWM control strategy is used to initially turn on the battery power supply circuit to precharge the output capacitor until the precharge is complete.

[0037] Furthermore, upon receiving the switching command, a disconnect signal is sent to the mains circuit control relay, while simultaneously outputting a low duty cycle PWM control signal to the MOSFET drive circuit in the battery power supply circuit. According to the charging characteristic curve of the output capacitor, the duty cycle of the PWM control signal is gradually increased at millisecond intervals, gradually increasing the conduction degree of the MOSFET, causing the output capacitor voltage to rise exponentially.

[0038] It should be noted that the charging characteristic curve of the output capacitor is derived from the inherent physical charging behavior of the capacitor element in the resistor-capacitor charging circuit. During the equipment production calibration phase, a constant charging current is applied to the output capacitor using standard testing equipment, and a high-precision voltage measuring instrument is used to continuously record the complete process data of the voltage change across the capacitor over time. These measured data are processed by digital filtering and curve fitting to form a standardized charging characteristic reference curve, which is stored in the equipment's non-volatile memory as a benchmark for judging the capacitor's charging state.

[0039] When the output capacitor voltage is detected to be stable, the battery power supply circuit is fully turned on, and the battery is used as the power source for the host.

[0040] Furthermore, the voltage across the output capacitor is continuously monitored. When the voltage reaches the steady-state value of the battery output voltage and the charging current shows a natural decay trend, the pre-charge is determined to be complete. A PWM control signal with a 100% duty cycle is output to the MOSFET drive circuit in the battery power supply circuit to raise the MOSFET gate-source voltage to a fully conducting level, fully turning on the battery power supply circuit and using the battery as the host power source.

[0041] The dual-battery balancing and endurance module connects to the second battery when the host power supply is stable, collects the SOC (State of Charge) data of the two batteries, and when the SOC data meets the balancing start-up conditions, it performs controllable discharge of the high SOC battery. After the discharge ends, it activates the charging enable signal to control the dual batteries to work together to supply power.

[0042] When the host power supply is stable, the energy storage element in the second battery connection circuit is pre-charged.

[0043] Furthermore, when the fluctuation range of the host power supply voltage is less than the background noise level of the power monitoring circuit, and the voltage change rate of three consecutive sampling cycles approaches zero, it is determined that the host power supply has entered a stable working state, the second battery pre-charging contactor is closed, and a limited charging current is provided to the DC support capacitor in the second battery connection circuit through the pre-charging resistor.

[0044] Monitor the pre-charge current trend and close the main contactor of the second battery pack when it reaches a stable state.

[0045] Furthermore, the current data in the pre-charging circuit of the second battery is continuously collected by the current monitoring circuit, and the change in current value during the continuous sampling period is calculated. When the absolute value of the current change is less than the inherent noise level of the current monitoring circuit in three consecutive sampling periods, it is determined that the pre-charging current has reached a stable state. The rated operating voltage is provided to the electromagnetic drive coil of the main contactor of the second battery, so that the mechanical contacts of the main contactor of the second battery are closed, and the formal connection operation of the second battery is completed.

[0046] It should be noted that the change in current value during a continuous sampling period is obtained by using a current monitoring circuit to acquire current measurement values ​​of adjacent sampling periods and calculating the algebraic difference between the current values ​​of two adjacent sampling points.

[0047] It should also be noted that the inherent noise level of the current monitoring circuit is obtained through a hardware calibration process: During the equipment production testing phase, the input terminal of the current monitoring circuit is short-circuited, and one thousand data points are continuously collected using the same sampling frequency. The standard deviation of these data points is calculated, and this standard deviation is the inherent noise level of the current monitoring circuit, stored in the equipment calibration parameter storage area. The rated operating voltage of the electromagnetic drive coil of the second set of battery main contactors comes from the technical specifications provided by the contactor manufacturer. This parameter is determined by electromagnetic simulation analysis and mechanical closing force testing during the contactor design phase, ensuring that the electromagnetic drive coil can generate sufficient magnetic flux under this voltage to reliably close the mechanical contacts and maintain a stable contact state.

[0048] Two sets of battery SOC data are collected. When the SOC data meets the equalization start-up conditions, the high SOC battery is controlled to discharge by using a current closed-loop control algorithm and simultaneously activating the equalization discharge MOSFET corresponding to the high SOC battery.

[0049] Furthermore, the system continuously collects SOC data from the two sets of batteries and calculates the open-circuit voltage difference. When the open-circuit voltage difference exceeds the product of the sum of the internal resistances of the two sets of batteries at the current temperature and the maximum operating current of the dual-battery parallel power supply, the main controller initiates the current closed-loop control program. The current closed-loop control program monitors the current value in the equalization discharge circuit of the high SOC battery in real time through a current sensor, and uses a proportional-integral control algorithm to generate a pulse width modulation signal to control the conduction degree of the equalization discharge MOSFET transistor corresponding to the high SOC battery, thereby achieving controllable discharge.

[0050] It should be noted that the equalization start-up condition is set by calculating the open-circuit voltage difference between the two sets of batteries and comparing the sum of the open-circuit voltage difference and the internal resistance at the current temperature with the product of the maximum operating current of the dual-battery parallel power supply. The open-circuit voltage difference is calculated by measuring the terminal voltage of the two sets of batteries under no-load conditions. Specifically, it is the open-circuit voltage value of the SOC battery minus the open-circuit voltage value of the low SOC battery. It should also be noted that the proportional-integral control algorithm is a feedback control method. Its working principle is to simultaneously perform proportional and integral operations on the error signal between the target current value and the actual detected current value. The proportional operation part provides an instantaneous control quantity that is proportional to the error, while the integral operation part accumulates historical errors to eliminate static deviations. The two operation results are added together to generate a control signal, which is used to adjust the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, thereby precisely controlling the conduction degree of the MOSFET transistor and making the actual discharge current stably track the target current value.

[0051] When the SOC data meets the equalization completion condition, the equalization discharge MOSFET is turned off and the discharge ends.

[0052] Furthermore, the voltage change rate of high-SOC and low-SOC batteries under the same load conditions is monitored in real time, and the absolute value of the difference between the two is calculated. When the difference in voltage change rate between the high-SOC and low-SOC batteries is less than the minimum resolution of the device's voltage sampling circuit, the equalization process is determined to be complete. A zero-level signal is output to the gate drive circuit of the equalization discharge MOSFET transistor corresponding to the high-SOC battery to turn off the equalization discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor and terminate the equalization discharge process of the SOC battery.

[0053] It should be noted that the equalization completion condition is set by calculating the difference in voltage change rate between high SOC batteries and low SOC batteries under the same load conditions, and comparing the voltage change rate difference with the minimum voltage sampling resolution of the device.

[0054] After the discharge is completed, the dual-battery collaborative power supply enable signal is activated. The output current weight is dynamically allocated according to the SOC ratio of the two battery groups, with the high SOC battery handling the large load and the low SOC battery handling the small load.

[0055] Furthermore, after the equalization discharge process ends, a dual-battery collaborative power supply enable signal is generated and activated to enable the dual-battery collaborative power supply working mode. The SOC ratio of the two battery groups is calculated by dividing the SOC value of each battery group by its sum, and two proportional coefficients are obtained. These two proportional coefficients are used as the load current weights that each battery should bear. Based on the weight coefficients, corresponding pulse width modulation control signals are generated to adjust the conduction level of the discharge control MOSFETs of the first and second battery groups, respectively, so that the high SOC battery bears the load current corresponding to its SOC ratio, and the low SOC battery bears the remaining load current.

[0056] The adaptive operating mode module defines the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes and monitors the operating status of the equipment powered by the dual batteries in real time and automatically switches the operating mode.

[0057] Defining the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes means classifying the operating mode into standby mode, satellite mode, communication mode, and charging mode based on the power demand characteristics of the device when performing different functional tasks.

[0058] Furthermore, based on the significant differences in power demand characteristics, the device operating state is clearly divided into four power consumption modes: standby mode without signal processing, satellite search and positioning mode, communication mode for data transmission, and charging mode for energy replenishment by connecting to an external power source. The main controller establishes an operating mode configuration table in non-volatile memory, assigns a unique identifier to each power consumption mode, and stores the corresponding power management parameter set, thus completing the definition and configuration process of the operating mode.

[0059] It should be noted that the process of establishing the operating mode configuration table consists of three steps: data structure definition, parameter assignment, and storage writing. During the initialization phase, the main controller defines the configuration table data structure, including a mode unique identifier field, an operating frequency parameter field, a power supply voltage parameter field, a peripheral enable state vector field, and a power consumption level identifier field. Based on the device hardware specifications and functional test data, it fills in the corresponding parameter values ​​for standby mode, satellite connection mode, communication mode, and charging mode. For example, the operating frequency for standby mode is set to the processor's minimum stable operating frequency, and the peripheral enable state vector only retains the basic monitoring circuit enable bit. The main controller, through the memory interface controller, writes the complete configuration table data byte-by-byte into the dedicated configuration sector of the non-volatile memory according to a predefined storage address mapping scheme, and writes checksum data to ensure the integrity of the configuration table.

[0060] The device monitors the battery SOC, satellite communication status, and real-time power consumption of the dual-battery collaborative power supply in real time, and makes mode decisions. When mains power is connected and the SOC of any battery is lower than the charging trigger threshold, it forces a switch to charging mode.

[0061] Furthermore, the system collects the SOC data of the two sets of batteries in real time during dual-battery collaborative power supply, monitors the satellite communication status and the real-time power consumption of the equipment, and checks the SOC data of the two sets of batteries when mains power is connected. If the SOC data of either battery is lower than the charging trigger threshold, it is determined that the battery power is insufficient, and the charging mode start command is triggered. It also ensures that the battery is charged when mains power is input, so as to avoid the battery power being too low and affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0062] It should be noted that the charging trigger threshold is set based on the battery's SOC.

[0063] The satellite signal strength is obtained from the satellite communication status via the API interface. When the satellite signal strength meets the conditions for switching communication modes, the system switches to the communication mode.

[0064] Furthermore, the current satellite signal strength is obtained in real time through the satellite communication status API interface. The satellite signal strength is compared with the communication mode switching conditions to determine whether the switching conditions are met. When the satellite signal strength meets the communication mode switching conditions, the communication mode switching command is executed to switch the device's operating mode to communication mode.

[0065] The satellite search status is obtained by analyzing the logical AND operation results of the search flag bit and antenna adjustment status signal in the satellite communication status. When the device is in satellite search status but has not established a valid connection, it switches to satellite search mode.

[0066] Furthermore, the satellite search flag signal in the satellite communication status register is read via the satellite communication API, and the antenna adjustment status signal of the antenna servo mechanism is obtained via the antenna control API. A Boolean AND operation is performed on the satellite search flag signal and the antenna adjustment status signal. When the operation result is high and the satellite communication link status register shows that no valid communication connection has been established, it is determined that the device is in satellite search mode but no valid connection has been established. The operating mode switching program is executed to switch the device operating mode to satellite targeting mode, and the automatic adjustment algorithm of antenna azimuth and elevation angle is started to search for and lock the target satellite signal. At the same time, the motor drive adopts PWM speed regulation (duty cycle 30%-70%), and the speed is dynamically adjusted according to the satellite targeting accuracy requirements (high speed / high duty cycle for coarse adjustment, low speed / low duty cycle for fine adjustment) to avoid full power operation.

[0067] When the satellite communication status is marked as no valid satellite signal and the main controller's operating frequency has dropped to the base frequency, switch to standby mode.

[0068] Furthermore, the system reads the valid signal flag in the satellite communication status register via the satellite communication API. When the valid signal flag indicates no valid satellite signal, it obtains the current main controller operating frequency data via the main controller frequency monitoring API. The system then precisely compares the current main controller operating frequency data with the main controller base operating frequency data stored in the configuration register. When the two values ​​are completely identical, it determines that the standby mode switching condition is met. The system then executes the operation mode switching instruction to switch the device's operation mode to standby mode, while simultaneously cutting off the power supply path to non-core functional circuits to reduce the device's static power consumption.

[0069] Communication mode switching conditions include communication quality conditions and energy consumption control conditions; It should be noted that the communication quality conditions are set based on the satellite signal strength; the energy consumption control conditions are set based on real-time energy consumption.

[0070] Based on communication quality conditions, the communication modes are first screened, and then the results of the first screening are screened a second time in combination with energy consumption control conditions. Finally, the communication mode with the lowest energy consumption under the premise of satellite signal quality is switched.

[0071] Furthermore, based on communication quality conditions, the communication mode with the highest satellite signal strength is compared and selected as the preliminary result. Combined with energy consumption control conditions, real-time energy consumption data is obtained by monitoring the charge consumption rate of the satellite portable station's battery during operation in each communication mode. The communication mode with the lowest real-time energy consumption data is then selected as the current operating mode. For example, if the satellite signal strength of mode A is 73dBm, mode B is 73dBm, and mode C is 71dBm, then modes B and A, with the highest satellite signal strength, are selected as the preliminary results. Subsequently, the battery charge consumption rate during the operation of modes A and B is monitored, and the real-time energy consumption data for mode A is 0.5C / hour, and for mode B it is 0.4C / hour. Finally, since mode B has the lowest real-time energy consumption data in the preliminary results, mode B is switched to, achieving optimal energy consumption control while ensuring satellite signal quality.

[0072] In summary, this invention achieves shock-free power switching through hot-swappable pre-charge intelligent control, protecting equipment and ensuring communication continuity; it adopts a dual-battery dynamic balancing mechanism to intelligently allocate load based on SOC differences, maximizing battery utilization; it also integrates IoT data acquisition functions to monitor power status and equipment operating conditions in real time; and these three elements work together to construct an adaptive power management closed loop, improving the system's power supply reliability and continuous operation capability in outdoor environments.

[0073] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular power supply hot-swappable and power extension system for a portable satellite station, characterized in that: include, The mains power monitoring and switching module monitors the mains power input voltage in real time and issues a switching command when the mains power input voltage is abnormal. The hot-swappable precharge module disconnects the mains circuit after receiving a switching command, and at the same time initially connects the battery power supply circuit and precharges the output capacitor with a controlled current. When the precharge is completed, the battery power supply circuit is fully connected and the battery is used as the host power source. The dual-battery balancing and endurance module connects to the second battery when the host power supply is stable, collects the SOC data of the two batteries, and when the SOC data meets the balancing start-up conditions, it performs controllable discharge of the high SOC battery. After the discharge ends, it activates the charging enable signal to control the dual batteries to work together to supply power. The adaptive operating mode module defines the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes and monitors the operating status of the equipment powered by the dual batteries in real time and automatically switches the operating mode.

2. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring of mains input voltage refers to continuously collecting the mains input voltage and converting it into a digital signal, eliminating instantaneous interference through a moving average filtering algorithm, obtaining the filtered smooth voltage value as a sampling point, and calculating the effective value of the mains input voltage through multiple consecutive sampling points.

3. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When an abnormality occurs in the mains input voltage, a switching command is issued. The specific steps are as follows: If the effective value of the mains input voltage drops sharply below the mains interruption detection threshold within a single sampling period, and the duration exceeds the interruption confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level one abnormality. The effective value of the mains input voltage is compared with the battery power supply start-up threshold. If the effective value of the mains input voltage continues to exceed the battery power supply start-up threshold and the duration exceeds the configuration anomaly confirmation time window, then the mains input voltage is determined to have a level two anomaly. For dual abnormal situations, a second voltage sampling verification is performed. Once the verification confirms that it is a real abnormality, a switching command is immediately triggered for the first-level abnormality. For the second-level abnormality, a delay confirmation timer is started and a delay period is set. If the mains input voltage has not returned to normal after the delay period expires, a switching command is triggered.

4. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Upon receiving the switching command, the mains power circuit is disconnected, and simultaneously the battery power supply circuit is initially turned on with a controlled current to pre-charge the output capacitor. When the pre-charging is complete, the battery power supply circuit is fully turned on, and the battery is used as the main unit's power source. The specific steps are as follows. Upon receiving the switching command, a disconnect signal is sent to the mains circuit control relay. At the same time, a PWM control signal is output to the MOSFET drive circuit in the battery power supply circuit. A progressive PWM control strategy is used to initially turn on the battery power supply circuit to precharge the output capacitor until the precharging is complete. When the output capacitor voltage is detected to be stable, the battery power supply circuit is fully turned on, and the battery is used as the power source for the host.

5. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 4, characterized in that: When the host power supply is stable, the second set of batteries is connected. The specific steps are as follows: When the host power supply is stable, the energy storage element in the second battery connection circuit is pre-charged. Monitor the pre-charge current trend and close the main contactor of the second battery pack when it reaches a stable state.

6. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The process involves collecting SOC data from two sets of batteries. When the SOC data meets the conditions for balanced startup, the battery with the high SOC is controlled to discharge. After the discharge ends, a charging enable signal is activated to control the dual-battery collaborative power supply. The specific steps are as follows. Two sets of battery SOC data are collected. When the SOC data meets the equalization start-up conditions, the high SOC battery is controlled to discharge by using a current closed-loop control algorithm and simultaneously activating the equalization discharge MOSFET corresponding to the high SOC battery. When the SOC data meets the equalization completion condition, the equalization discharge MOSFET is turned off and the discharge ends. After the discharge is completed, the dual-battery collaborative power supply enable signal is activated. The output current weight is dynamically allocated according to the SOC ratio of the two battery groups, with the high SOC battery handling the large load and the low SOC battery handling the small load.

7. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The equalization start-up condition is set by calculating the open-circuit voltage difference between the two sets of batteries and comparing the sum of the open-circuit voltage difference and the internal resistance at the current temperature with the product of the maximum operating current of the dual-battery parallel power supply. The equalization completion condition is set by calculating the voltage change rate difference between high-SOC and low-SOC batteries under the same load conditions, and comparing the voltage change rate difference with the minimum voltage sampling resolution of the device.

8. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Defining the operating mode as multiple power consumption modes means classifying the operating mode into standby mode, satellite mode, communication mode, and charging mode based on the power demand characteristics of the device when performing different functional tasks.

9. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps for real-time monitoring of the equipment's operating status and automatic switching of operating modes under dual-battery collaborative power supply are as follows. The device monitors the battery SOC, satellite communication status, and real-time power consumption of the dual-battery collaborative power supply in real time, and makes mode decisions. When the mains power is connected and the SOC of any battery is lower than the charging trigger threshold, it switches to charging mode. The satellite signal strength is obtained from the satellite communication status via the API interface. When the satellite signal strength meets the communication mode switching conditions, the communication mode is switched. By analyzing the logical AND operation results of the search flag bit and antenna adjustment status signal in the satellite communication status, the satellite search status is obtained. When the device is in satellite search status but has not established a valid connection, it switches to satellite search mode. When the satellite communication status is marked as no valid satellite signal and the main controller's operating frequency has dropped to the base frequency, switch to standby mode.

10. The modular power supply hot-swappable and extended battery life system for a portable satellite station as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The communication mode switching conditions include communication quality conditions and energy consumption control conditions; Based on communication quality conditions, the communication modes are first screened, and then the results of the first screening are screened a second time in combination with energy consumption control conditions. Finally, the communication mode with the lowest energy consumption under the premise of satellite signal quality is switched.

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