Method for improving vine climbing during transplanting of glabrous greenbrier rhizome seedlings

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving vine climbing during transplanting of glabrous greenbrier rhizome seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of planting of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The method solves the problems of weak stress resistance, low survival rate, long rejuvenation period, low climbing rate in the current year due to improper management and prolonged production period in the transplanting of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome seedlings. According to the technical scheme, the method sequentially comprises the following steps that robust seedlings with proper specifications are obtained; 5-7 days before transplanting, a compound seedling hardening liquid medicine at least containing naphthylacetic acid, monopotassium phosphate and carbendazim is sprayed to enhance resistance; carrying out field planting with an original substrate in a proper period in spring, and irrigating rooting water containing monopotassium phosphate; after transplanting, timely topdressing is carried out by controlling the soil humidity, and when seedlings grow to a certain height, a support is erected in time, and vines are manually guided. The method is used for artificial standardized planting of rhizoma smilacis glabrae, the transplanting survival rate is increased, healthy growth of plants is promoted, high-proportion vine climbing in the first growing season is facilitated, the production cycle is shortened, and planting benefits are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting, more particularly, the present application relates to a method for improving climbing of soil-fungus lily seedling transplanted. BACKGROUND

[0002] Soil-fungus lily is the dried rhizome of Smilax glabra Roxb. of Liliaceae, which is a traditional Chinese medicinal material of food and medicine. With the rapid growth of market demand, the wild soil-fungus lily resources are increasingly scarce, and artificial planting has become the main way to meet market supply. Seedling transplanting is a key link in artificial propagation of soil-fungus lily. However, the existing transplanting technology not only has the problems of weak resistance of seedlings and survival rate of only 60%-70%, but more importantly, the surviving seedlings often have weak growth due to long slow recovery period, improper water and fertilizer management, and attack of diseases and pests, etc., which cannot effectively climb in the first growing season. The growth characteristics of soil-fungus lily require that the plants must climb in time to carry out sufficient photosynthesis and accumulate nutrients in the underground rhizome. The plants that cannot climb in the same year, even if they survive, basically lose their production value, which will lead to a growth cycle of at least one year longer, seriously restricting the planting benefit and industrial development. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a standardized method that can ensure not only the survival of soil-fungus lily seedlings after transplanting, but also their rapid and healthy growth and high climbing rate. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0004] The present application provides a method for improving climbing of soil-fungus lily seedlings transplanted, which aims to overcome the systematic defects in the existing soil-fungus lily seedling transplanting technology. These defects are not isolated, but a series of chain reactions: the weak resistance of seedlings themselves leads to low survival rate of transplanting; the slow recovery of damaged root system and poor environmental adaptability of surviving seedlings lead to a long slow recovery period; during and after the slow recovery period, the conventional water and fertilizer management method cannot meet the needs of rapid recovery and growth of the plants, and the plants are vulnerable to diseases and pests during the vulnerable period. All the above factors together lead to a core industrial dilemma: a large number of plants cannot complete effective stem climbing in the first growing season. Since soil-fungus lily must extend the vines to increase the number of leaves to carry out sufficient photosynthesis, so as to accumulate nutrients in the underground medicinal rhizome, the plants that cannot climb in the same year, even if they survive, lose the production value of the year, which forces the growth cycle to be prolonged, seriously damaging the economic benefit of planting.

[0005] The present application provides a method for improving climbing of soil-fungus lily seedlings transplanted, which comprises the following steps in sequence: 1) Seedling obtaining step: obtaining soil-fungus lily seedlings with a seedling height of more than 10 cm and 4-5 healthy true leaves; 2) Seedling hardening and strengthening step: 5-7 days before transplanting, at 1-2 hours after sunset, a seedling liquid is sprayed on the leaves of the seedlings; the seedling liquid comprises naphthalene acetic acid 30-50 mg / kg, monopotassium phosphate 1-3 ‰ (mass-volume concentration), and carbendazim 1000-1500 times liquid; the seedling liquid is prepared by dissolving naphthalene acetic acid with ethanol, and then mixing with monopotassium phosphate and carbendazim; 3) Transplanting step: In late March to early May, the seedlings treated by seedling treatment are transplanted in the prepared planting plot, and immediately irrigated with root setting water containing 0.1-0.3% monopotassium phosphate (mass-volume concentration); 4) Post-transplanting management step: The soil water content is kept at 65-75% within 1 month after planting; the first topdressing is performed 15 days after planting; when the seedlings grow to 25-35 cm, a support is set up for artificial vine guiding.

[0006] Preferably, the ethanol is an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 70-95%, and the amount of ethanol is (2-5) mL:1 g of naphthalene acetic acid (mass-volume ratio).

[0007] Preferably, in step 2), the seedling liquid further comprises alkyl polyglycoside with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 g / L and urea with a mass-volume concentration of 1-3%.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1), the seedlings are cultivated in a non-woven fabric planting bag, which is a cylindrical non-woven fabric planting bag with a diameter of 8-10 cm and a height of 10-15 cm, and the substrate in the bag is composed of peat soil, field soil and fine sand in a weight ratio of (1-3):(1-3):1; in step 3), the planting bag is removed and placed in the planting hole after planting.

[0009] Preferably, in step 3), the prepared planting plot is obtained by the following method: Select a slope with a pH value of 5.5-6.5 and a slope greater than 5°, plow the soil to a depth of 30-35 cm in the winter of the previous year, and 10-20 days before transplanting, apply 800-1200 kg / acre of decomposed sheep manure or chicken manure as base fertilizer, and spread lime powder to adjust the soil pH value to 5.5-6.5.

[0010] Preferably, in step 4), the first topdressing is: 10-20 kg of compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15:15:15 per mu; When the seedlings grow to 30-35 cm, a second topdressing is performed, which comprises: spraying a urea aqueous solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.5%-1.5%, wherein the effective component of urea is used in an amount of 10-20 kg per mu, and simultaneously performing foliar spraying, wherein the foliar spraying solution is a brassinolide solution with a concentration of 0.01-0.05 mg / L and a 45% prochloraz 1000 times liquid.

[0011] Preferably, in the spraying step of the second topdressing, the urea aqueous solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.5%-1.5% is mixed with humic acid soluble powder at a mass ratio of 1000:1 to prepare a urea-humic acid composite liquid for spraying; Preferably, step 4) further comprises disease and pest control: Within 3 days after transplanting, a 1500 times liquid of carbendazim is sprayed for prevention; For root rot, a 800 times liquid of carbendazim is used for root irrigation; For leaf spot and anthracnose, a 1000 times liquid of mancozeb is sprayed; For branch dieback, a 1000 times liquid of 45% prochloraz is sprayed; Preferably, the carbendazim is a water dilution liquid of 50% wettable powder, and the mancozeb is a water dilution liquid of 70% wettable powder.

[0012] Preferably, in step 4), when the support is erected and artificial guiding is performed, the following climbing guidance is further performed: 4a) The support is a three-dimensional grid frame composed of two rows of vertical rods standing on the bed surface and net lines intersecting longitudinally and transversely on the side surface, and the net lines have a rough structure or protrusions on the surface; 4b) A bamboo stick with a height of 40-60 cm is inserted beside each seedling, and the upper part of the bamboo stick is inclined and tied to the first layer of net lines at the bottom of the support; 4c) When the seedlings grow to 25-30 cm, an inducer is sprayed on the surface of the plant and the bamboo stick once, and the inducer comprises 0.5-1.5 g / L manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.3 g / L boric acid and an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 1-3%.

[0013] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects: First, the seedlings are systematically pre-treated through a specific hardening and strengthening step before transplanting. The hardening solution used in this step is a synergistic formula: naphthalene acetic acid as a growth regulator can activate and promote the development potential of root cells in advance, laying the foundation for rapid rooting after transplanting; potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides easily absorbed phosphorus and potassium nutrients, phosphorus can promote energy metabolism and root growth, and potassium can directly enhance the osmotic regulation ability and stress resistance of cells, helping seedlings cope with water stress after transplanting. Carbendazim as a broad-spectrum fungicide can provide immediate protection when minor wounds may be caused during transplanting operations, preventing soil-borne pathogen infection. These three factors improve the seedling's constitution from the dimensions of endogenous hormone regulation, nutrient stress resistance enhancement, and external disease prevention, making the seedlings have stronger stress resistance potential before transplanting.

[0014] Second, during the planting and seedling recovery period, the seedling roots are transplanted with a specific substrate, which can maximize the protection of the root mass integrity and avoid severe root damage caused by bare-root transplanting, which is the physical basis for shortening the seedling recovery period. Combined with the application of phosphorus-containing root-fixing water, the root system can be provided with phosphorus elements to promote growth at the first time of planting, and help the soil and root mass to tightly combine. Then, through facilities (such as drip irrigation) and monitoring means, the soil moisture is maintained within a stable and suitable range within the first month after planting, avoiding the soil compaction, root hypoxia or water stress caused by traditional management of heavy irrigation or drought, creating a stable and mild soil environment for the fragile recovering root system, ensuring its smooth transition through the seedling recovery period.

[0015] In terms of promoting growth, the program designs a fertilization strategy. After the end of the seedling recovery period, the first topdressing is carried out to provide balanced nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium basic nutrients for early plant growth. When the plant enters the rapid growth stage (stem length about 30-35 cm), the second topdressing is carried out, which combines root irrigation of urea solution with foliar spraying of brassinolide and prochloraz. Urea solution as a source of quick-acting nitrogen can quickly meet the large demand of nitrogen for leafy growth; brassinolide as a plant endogenous hormone can be directly absorbed by foliar spraying, playing a comprehensive role in regulating plant physiological metabolism, enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, and promoting the transportation of nutrients to the growth point, so as to more efficiently convert the nitrogen absorbed by the roots into the driving force for stem elongation. Further, the urea solution is mixed with humic acid soluble powder to prepare a compound solution for irrigation, which can reduce the volatilization and loss of nitrogen by combining with urea, playing a certain slow-release and synergistic effect; at the same time, humic acid can also stimulate root development and improve rhizosphere microenvironment, further improving nutrient absorption and utilization rate.

[0016] In the disease and pest control, the scheme adopts the strategy of prevention first and targeted treatment. A protective layer is formed by spraying a broad-spectrum fungicide in a very short time after transplanting. At the same time, specific treatment agents (such as carbendazim root irrigation and mancozeb spraying) and application methods are determined for the common root rot, leaf spot and anthracnose of Smilax china, providing timely and effective control means to reduce growth weakness and death caused by diseases and protect the health of the plant population.

[0017] Finally, the key to the climbing rate is the innovative climbing guide system. The scheme discards the simple support and designs a three-dimensional grid frame structure with side grid lines to provide a three-dimensional space for the plant to easily climb. When the plant grows to an appropriate height (25-30 cm) for guidance, a bamboo stick is inserted obliquely beside each plant and the upper part of the bamboo stick is connected to the support net line. This physical guidance provides a clear and easy-to-contact initial climbing target for the tender stems and vines, effectively solving the "searching for support point" lag problem in the initial natural climbing. At the same time, an inducer prepared from manganese sulfate, boric acid and ethanol is sprayed on the surface of the plant and the bamboo stick. The manganese and boron trace elements help to enhance the strength of the cell wall and the flexibility of the stems and vines, and the ethanol auxiliary component penetrates. These chemical signals work together to enhance the physiological response of the plant to touch, making its climbing behavior more active and powerful. This combination of physical guidance and chemical induction synergistically promotes the rapid and firm climbing of the stems and vines onto the frame, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and success rate of climbing in the current year.

[0018] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be apparent from the following specification, and will be understood by those skilled in the art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The on-site diagram obtained for the Smilax china seedling.

[0020] Figure 2 The on-site diagram of the field growth state of the transplanted 2-3 months of Example 4 of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 The on-site diagram of the field growth state of the transplanted 20 months of Example 4 of the present application (the vigorous growth of the plants in the second growth season).

[0022] Figure 4 The on-site diagram of the field growth state of the transplanted 2-3 months of Comparative Example 8.

[0023] Figure 5 The on-site diagram of the field growth state of the transplanted 6 months of Comparative Example 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to examples, so that those skilled in the art can implement the application according to the description.

[0025] It should be noted that the experimental methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0026] Test time: March 15, 2023 (seedling preparation) to January 20, 2024 (yield determination).

[0027] 1. Test materials and methods 1.1 Test materials: Seedlings: uniform batch of seeds of Smilax glabra Roxb. were sowed in a greenhouse for seedling raising in January 2022. Smilax glabra

[0028] Seedling container: cylindrical non-woven fabric planting bag with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 12 cm.

[0029] Seedling substrate: mix equal amounts of peat soil (commercially available), field topsoil (test site) and fine sand (river sand) by dry weight ratio = 2:2:1, and sterilize before bagging.

[0030] Main reagents and agricultural materials: NAA (98% TC), Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4, agricultural grade), Carbendazim (50% WP), Alkyl polyglycoside (APG, industrial grade), Urea (N46%), Compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O = 15-15-15), Brassinolide (0.01% SL), 45% Prochloraz, Humic acid soluble powder (humic acid content ≥ 60%), Manganese sulfate (MnSO4•H2O, agricultural grade), Boric acid (H3BO3, agricultural grade), Ethanol (95%), Decomposed sheep manure (organic matter ≥ 45%), Lime powder, Mancozeb (70% WP).

[0031] 1.2 Test site overview and preparation: Plot selection: select a continuous slope with consistent slope direction, slope degree (about 20°) and soil type (red soil).

[0032] ​Soil background value determination (January 10, 2023): A mixed sample of 0-30 cm soil layer was taken, and the pH value was measured as 5.8, the organic matter content was 1.2%, the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was 85 mg / kg, the available phosphorus was 15 mg / kg, and the available potassium was 110 mg / kg.

[0033] Land preparation and base fertilizer: In December 2022, the winter, fully deep plowing 35 cm.

[0034] On March 25, 2023 (15 days before transplanting), combined with harrowing, evenly spread 1000 kg / acre of decomposed sheep manure as base fertilizer. At the same time, according to the soil determination results, spread 75 kg / acre of lime powder to adjust the soil pH to about 6.0.

[0035] Open compartment for ridge with 1.8 m width, ridge face width 1.5 m, ditch width 0.3 m, ridge height 25 cm. Rake the ridge face flat.

[0036] 1.3 Test design: Design principle: 14 levels (i.e. 14 treatments, including 4 examples and 10 comparative examples).

[0037] Treatment setting: fully corresponds to the following examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-10.

[0038] Repetition and plot: each treatment is set with 3 repetitions (3 blocks), a total of 42 plots. The blocks are arranged according to the gradient of the slope to control the difference in soil moisture.

[0039] Plot specifications: each plot area is 30 m 2 (ridge length 20 m, width 1.5 m).

[0040] Planting density: plant spacing 60 cm x 80 cm, plant 40 plants per plot, equivalent to about 900 plants per mu.

[0041] 1.4 Unified management procedures (parts uniformly implemented by all treatments): Transplanting time: April 10, 2023, overcast day.

[0042] Transplanting operation: dig planting holes on the ridge according to plant spacing, hole depth slightly higher than the height of the non-woven fabric bag. Remove the non-woven fabric bag to avoid damaging the roots and keep the substrate intact. Put the seedling into the hole completely, and fill the surrounding with fine soil.

[0043] Rooting water: immediately after planting, each hole is irrigated with rooting water containing 0.2% (w / v) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, about 500 ml per hole, to ensure thorough irrigation.

[0044] Water management: within 30 days after planting, install soil moisture sensors (TDR), monitor daily, and maintain soil moisture content at 70% ± 5% of field water holding capacity through the drip irrigation system.

[0045] First topdressing: 16 days after planting (April 26, 2023), after rain, 15 kg / acre of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) was evenly applied to the row of plants on the plot surface, and then light irrigation was carried out once.

[0046] Basic disease prevention: 2 days after transplanting (April 12, 2023), a backpack sprayer was used to evenly spray benomyl 1500 times liquid to all plots once.

[0047] Targeted control of common diseases: During the entire growing season, the same technician will patrol once a week. For any single plant of root rot found in any plot, immediately irrigate the root with benomyl 800 times liquid 200 ml; for the found leaf spot or anthracnose disease center, spray mancozeb 1000 times liquid to the plot where it is located, with an interval of 7 days, for 2 times continuously. For the found shoot dieback, use 45% prochloraz 1000 times liquid to spray the plot where it is located, with an interval of 7 days, for 2 times continuously. Record the occurrence.

[0048] The typical operating parameters involved in the test method are as follows: (1) Seedling liquid spraying amount: 30-50 liters per mu; (2) Root fixing water: 400-600 milliliters per hole; (3) Disease root irrigation: 150-250 milliliters of liquid per diseased plant; (4) Soil moisture management: through drip irrigation, the water content at 5-10 cm below the ground surface is maintained at 65%-75%; (5) Binding requirements: use soft materials for loose binding.

[0049] 1.5 Details of each treatment operation are as follows: Example 1 A method for improving the climbing of Dioscorea panthaica seedling transplants, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) Seedling acquisition step: Acquire one-year-old or more Dioscorea panthaica seedlings with a height of 10-15 cm and 4-5 healthy true leaves. The seedlings are pre-cultured in cylindrical non-woven fabric planting bags with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 12 cm. The substrate in the bag is composed of peat soil, field soil and fine sand in a weight ratio of 2:2:1.

[0050] (2) Seedling hardening step: 6 days before transplanting, within 1.5 hours after sunset, the seedling leaves are uniformly sprayed with seedling hardening liquid, to the extent that the leaves are wet but not dripping. The seedling hardening liquid comprises naphthalene acetic acid at a concentration of 40 mg / kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a mass concentration of 2 ‰, and carbendazim aqueous solution (carbendazim aqueous solution is a 50% water-soluble powder diluted with water) at a dilution ratio of 1200 times. The naphthalene acetic acid is previously dissolved with a small amount of ethanol and then mixed with other components. Specifically, the mass-volume ratio of 95% ethanol solution to naphthalene acetic acid is 2 mL:1 g.

[0051] (3) Transplanting step: Transplanting is performed on April 10. The transplanting plot is prepared in the following manner: a slope with a pH value of 6.0 and a slope of about 20 degrees is selected, the soil is ploughed to a depth of 32 cm in the winter of the previous year, 1000 kg of decomposed sheep manure is applied as base fertilizer per mu 15 days before transplanting, and an appropriate amount of lime powder is applied to adjust the soil pH to 6.0, then the plot is raised to a height of 25 cm with a width of 1.8 m. The planting hole is dug on the ridge, the non-woven fabric planting bag with seedlings is removed and placed in the hole with the substrate intact, and the surrounding voids are filled with fine soil. Immediately after transplanting, the root water is poured, which contains 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0052] (4) Post-transplanting management steps: ① Water management: Within 1 month after transplanting, the soil moisture content is maintained at about 70% through the drip irrigation system and soil moisture monitoring.

[0053] ② First topdressing: On the 16th day after transplanting, 15 kg of compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15:15:15 is uniformly applied per mu in clear weather, and the soil is lightly watered after application.

[0054] ③ Second topdressing: When the seedlings grow to 32 cm, the second topdressing is performed. The second topdressing includes: 25 kg of urea (equivalent to 11.5 kg of pure nitrogen) per mu is used to prepare a urea aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1.0%, and the solution is uniformly applied; at the same time, a brassinolide solution with a concentration of 0.03 mg / L and a 45% prochloraz 1000 times solution are used for foliar spraying, with a spraying amount of about 30-45 liters per mu.

[0055] ④ Disease and pest control: On the 2nd day after transplanting, carbendazim 1500 times solution is sprayed for one-time comprehensive prevention. During the growing season, if sporadic root rot plants are found, they are immediately treated by root irrigation with carbendazim 800 times solution; if leaf spot or early symptoms of anthracnose are found, they are sprayed with mancozeb 1000 times solution every 7 days for 2-3 times.

[0056] ⑤ Trellising and guiding the vines: When most of the seedlings have grown to about 32 cm, a simple bamboo pole trellis with a height of 1.8 meters is erected on the bed surface, and the vines are guided manually by gently tying and guiding the stems to the trellis.

[0057] Example 2 A method for improving the climbing ability of Smilax glabra seedlings after transplanting is exactly the same as that in Example 1, except that the composition of the seedling hardening solution used in step (2) is different: In the seedling hardening and strengthening process, the hardening solution sprayed on the leaves of the seedlings, in addition to the naphthaleneacetic acid (40 mg / kg), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2‰), and carbendazim (1200 times dilution) described in Example 1, also contains an alkyl glycoside at a concentration of 1.0 g / L and urea at a mass-volume concentration of 2%. To prepare the solution, first dissolve the naphthaleneacetic acid in ethanol, dissolve the alkyl glycoside in warm water, and then mix thoroughly with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, carbendazim, and urea aqueous solution.

[0058] Example 3 A method for improving the climbing ability of transplanted Smilax glabra seedlings is identical in steps to Example 2, except that the second topdressing is applied differently in step (4): In the second topdressing application step, instead of directly applying a 1.0% urea solution, the urea solution is first mixed with humic acid soluble powder at a mass ratio of 1000:1, stirred until the powder is completely dissolved, to prepare a urea-humic acid composite solution, which is then applied to the roots. The humic acid soluble powder contains 60% humic acid.

[0059] Example 4 A method for improving the climbing ability of transplanted Smilax glabra seedlings is identical to that in Example 3, except that the trellis-building and vine-guiding method in step (4) is replaced by the following specific climbing guidance operation: When the seedlings reach about 28 cm in height (within the 25-30 cm range), provide trellises and guidance for them to climb. ① Erect a three-dimensional grid frame support: Bury a sturdy upright pole with a height of 1.8 meters every 2 meters along both sides of the raised bed to form two rows of upright poles. On the sides of the upright poles, interlaced plastic-coated wires with spiral embossed surfaces are stretched to form a grid, with the lowest layer of grid wires about 30 centimeters from the ground.

[0060] ② Set up auxiliary bamboo sticks: Insert a thin bamboo stick, 50 cm high, about 5 cm away from each seedling, at an angle, to a depth of about 15 cm. Tilt the upper part of the bamboo stick towards the support and tie its top to the first layer of horizontal mesh at the bottom of the support with a soft cloth strip.

[0061] ③ Spraying of climbing inducer: choose a windless evening, spray the climbing inducer on the surface of the bamboo stick beside the upper part of the stem and vine of the seedling once. The inducer is composed of manganese sulfate with a concentration of 1.0 g / L, boric acid with a concentration of 0.2 g / L, and an ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 2%. Spray until the surface is evenly wet, which is equivalent to a spraying amount of about 20-30 liters per mu.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 In the seedling training step, the “seedling training liquid” sprayed only contains potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2‰) and carbendazim (1200 times solution), and does not add naphthalene acetic acid. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 2 In the seedling training step, the “seedling training liquid” sprayed only contains naphthalene acetic acid (40 mg / kg), and does not add potassium dihydrogen phosphate and carbendazim. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 In the seedling training step, the conventional agricultural operation is used, i.e., only environmental training such as ventilation and water control is performed, and no seedling training liquid is sprayed. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 4 In the seedling training step, the “seedling training liquid” sprayed contains naphthalene acetic acid (40 mg / kg), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2‰), carbendazim (1200 times solution), and urea solution (2%), but does not add alkyl glycoside. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 2.

[0066] Comparative Example 5 In the seedling training step, the “seedling training liquid” sprayed contains naphthalene acetic acid (40 mg / kg), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2‰), carbendazim (1200 times solution), and alkyl glycoside (1.0 g / L), but does not add urea solution. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 2.

[0067] Comparative Example 6 In the second topdressing, only urea aqueous solution with a concentration of 1.0% (25 kg of urea per mu) is poured, without adding humic acid soluble powder, and without performing leaf spraying of brassinolide and prohexadene (to exclude the influence of another variable). All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 3.

[0068] Comparative Example 7 In the second topdressing, the conventional hole application method is used, i.e., the same amount (25 kg per mu) of solid urea particles is applied around the roots and covered with soil, without preparing an aqueous solution, and without adding humic acid. All other operations are exactly the same as in Example 3.

[0069] Comparative Example 8 The same simple bamboo pole "herringbone" support as in Example 1 was used, without setting up a three-dimensional grid frame, without inserting guiding bamboo sticks, and without spraying the inducer. All other operations were exactly the same as in Example 4.

[0070] Comparative Example 9 The same three-dimensional grid frame grid support as in Example 4 was set up, but without inserting auxiliary bamboo sticks and without spraying the inducer, relying only on the natural climbing of the plants or simple manual binding of the canes at a later stage. All other operations were exactly the same as in Example 4.

[0071] Comparative Example 10 The three-dimensional grid frame grid support was set up and auxiliary bamboo sticks were inserted for guidance, with the same operations as in Example 4, but without spraying the inducer composed of manganese sulfate, boric acid and ethanol. All other operations were exactly the same as in Example 4.

[0072] 2.1 Transplanting survival rate Investigation time: 30 days after planting (May 10, 2023).

[0073] Method: Count the number of surviving plants in each plot (based on the standard of heart leaf unfolding or new bud germination).

[0074] Calculation: Survival rate (%) = (number of surviving plants / total number of plants planted 40) x 100%.

[0075] 2.2 Growth indicators Investigation time: 60 days after planting (June 9, 2023), 90 days after planting (July 9, 2023).

[0076] Sampling: Randomly mark 20 plants in each plot as fixed observation plants.

[0077] Measurement: Plant height: Measure the height from the ground to the growing point of the main stem (cm) with a tape measure.

[0078] Stem diameter: Measure the diameter of the main stem 1 cm above the subtending leaf node (mm) with a digital vernier caliper.

[0079] Leaf number: Count the number of fully expanded true leaves.

[0080] 2.3 Disease incidence Investigation time: Throughout the growing season (to the end of October 2023), with a general survey once a month in the middle of the month.

[0081] Method: Record the number of plants in each plot showing typical symptoms of root rot, leaf spot, and anthracnose.

[0082] Calculation: Disease incidence (%) = (number of diseased plants / total number of plants in the plot 40) x 100%. Take the highest value recorded throughout the growing season.

[0083] 2.4 Climbing rate of the main vine in the first year Investigation time: 120 days after planting, the end of the first growth season (August 8, 2023).

[0084] Standard: natural length of the main stem vine (not including artificial straightening) ≥ 100 cm.

[0085] Method: investigate all 40 plants in each plot.

[0086] Calculation: climbing rate (%) = (number of plants with main vine length ≥ 100 cm / total number of plants in the plot 40) × 100%.

[0087] 2.5 Underground tuber yield Investigation time: winter of the next year, after the aboveground part of the plant withers (January 15-20, 2024).

[0088] Method: according to the five-point sampling method, dig 5 points in each plot, and continuously dig 1 plant in each point, a total of 5 plants. Carefully dig out all underground tubers, wash off the soil, wipe off the surface moisture, and then weigh the fresh weight.

[0089] Calculation: equivalent yield per mu (kg) = (fresh weight of plot sample / 5) × 900 (Note: based on conversion of 900 plants per mu).

[0090] The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0091] Table 1: Table 2: Note: the data format in Tables 1 and 2 is: mean ± standard deviation.

[0092] It can be seen from the test results that the integrated scheme (Example 4) of the seedling training liquid (containing NAA, KH2PO4, carbendazim and synergist) + optimized topdressing (urea-humic acid compound liquid + brassinolide + prochloraz) + system climbing guide (grid frame + bamboo stick + inducer) has the best effect, can significantly improve the survival rate of transplanting, promote plant growth, reduce the incidence of diseases, and realize a climbing rate of more than 95% in the current year, thereby obtaining the highest yield. The comparative example 3 (without seedling training liquid) has the lowest indicators, and it can be seen that the conventional environment seedling training is not enough to deal with the transplanting adversity. The comparative example 2 (only using naphthalene acetic acid) has low survival rate, growth and high disease incidence, and it can be seen that the lack of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (providing phosphorus and potassium nutrition, enhancing cell osmotic regulation ability) and carbendazim (protecting the wound and preventing soil-borne diseases) weakens the resistance of seedlings, and they cannot resist the biological and non-biological stress after transplanting. The comparative example 1 (without naphthalene acetic acid) has a survival rate, but the growth is slow, and it can be seen that the lack of naphthalene acetic acid (promoting root occurrence and development) leads to the extension of the slow-growing period, slow root reconstruction, and the inability to effectively absorb water and fertilizer, thereby affecting the growth of the aboveground part and the later climbing. Example 1 integrates the above three points, and through the synergy of growth regulation, nutrient resistance and disease prevention, it builds a comprehensive transplanting protection and start-up scheme for seedlings.

[0093] On the basis of example 1, alkyl glycoside (improve the spreading and penetration of the liquid) and urea (provide a source of available nitrogen) are added, which can further optimize the absorption efficiency of the liquid and provide additional nutrients, so that the seedling effect (plant height and stem diameter) is further improved (example 2), and sufficient material and energy are reserved for rapid growth.

[0094] The comparative example 7 (conventional hole application of urea) has slow and concentrated fertilizer efficiency release, which is easy to cause root burn or loss, has low utilization rate, and has limited growth promotion effect. The comparative example 6 (only using urea solution) has better effect than the comparative example 7, but is significantly lower than the example 3. It can be seen that humic acid plays a key synergistic role. Humic acid can: a) combine with urea, reduce nitrogen volatilization and loss, and realize slow release; b) stimulate root growth and expand absorption area; c) improve rhizosphere microenvironment and promote nutrient activation. Combined with brassinolide (plant endogenous hormone) foliar spraying, it can comprehensively regulate plant growth and metabolism, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and more efficiently convert the nutrients absorbed by the roots into stem and vine growth power, thereby jointly promoting the increase of the climbing rate.

[0095] The climbing rate of Comparative Example 8 (conventional simple support) was significantly lower. The traditional support had insufficient points and surfaces for climbing, and the plant needed to consume more energy to find support, and was prone to stem and vine entanglement and falling due to wind, etc., with low climbing efficiency. The climbing rate of Comparative Example 9 (with optimized support but without guidance) was higher than that of Comparative Example 8, but still not as good as Example 4. It can be seen that even if a superior grid environment is provided, the seedling still has a "climbing start lag" problem in the early growth stage (about 30 cm). The inclined guidance of the bamboo stick provides a clear and easy-to-reach initial climbing target for the young vine, and the physical guidance solves the first step of "from nothing to something". Comparative Example 10 (with support and guidance but without induction) has already achieved good results, but Example 4 is better. The trace elements in the chemical inducer (manganese sulfate, boric acid) can strengthen the toughness of the stem and vine and the apical dominance, and ethanol assists in penetration. After spraying, the thigmotropic response and climbing ability of the plant are enhanced by the chemical signal, making it more "proactive" and "powerful" to entangle the bamboo stick and the net line, achieving an improvement from "passive guidance" to "active climbing".

[0096] Although embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited only to the use listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application. Additional modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for improving the climbing of transplanted seedling of Smilax glabra, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps in sequence: 1) seedling obtaining step: obtaining the seedlings of Smilax glabra with a height of more than 10 cm and 4-5 healthy true leaves; 2) seedling hardening step: 5-7 days before transplanting, a seedling hardening liquid is sprayed on the leaves of the seedlings at 1-2 hours after sunset; the seedling hardening liquid comprises naphthalene acetic acid 30-50 mg / kg, monopotassium phosphate with a mass-volume concentration of 1-3 ‰, and carbendazim 1000-1500 times liquid; the seedling hardening liquid is prepared by dissolving naphthalene acetic acid in ethanol, and then mixing with monopotassium phosphate and carbendazim; 3) transplanting step: In late March to early May, the seedlings treated by seedling hardening are transplanted into the prepared planting plots, and then immediately irrigated with root-fixing water containing monopotassium phosphate with a mass-volume concentration of 0.1-0.3%; 4) post-transplanting management step: The soil water content is kept at 65-75% within 1 month after transplanting; the first topdressing is performed 15 days after transplanting; when the seedlings grow to 25-35 cm, a support is set up for artificial guiding of the vines.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The ethanol is an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 70-95%, and the mass-volume ratio of the amount of ethanol to naphthalene acetic acid is (2-5) mL:1 g.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step 2), the seedling hardening liquid further comprises alkyl polyglycoside with a concentration of 0.5-1.5 g / L and urea with a mass-volume concentration of 1-3%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step 1), the seedlings are cultivated in non-woven fabric planting bags; the planting bag is a cylindrical non-woven fabric planting bag with a diameter of 8-10 cm and a height of 10-15 cm; the substrate in the bag is composed of peat soil, field soil and fine sand at a weight ratio of (1-3):(1-3):1; in the step 3), the planting bag is removed and placed in the planting hole after transplanting.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step 3), the prepared planting plots are obtained by the following method: A slope with a pH value of 5.5-6.5 and a slope greater than 5° is selected; the soil is ploughed to a depth of 30-35 cm in winter of the previous year; 10-20 days before transplanting, 800-1200 kg / mu of decomposed sheep manure or chicken manure is applied as base fertilizer by combining ploughing, and lime powder is applied to adjust the soil pH value to 5.5-6.

5.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step 4), the first topdressing is: 10-20 kg of compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15:15:15 is applied per mu; When the seedlings grow to 30-35 cm, the second topdressing is performed, which comprises: urea water solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.5%-1.5% is applied, wherein the effective component of urea is 10-20 kg per mu, and leaf spraying is simultaneously performed; the leaf spraying liquid is brassinolide solution with a concentration of 0.01-0.05 mg / L and 45% prochloraz 1000 times liquid.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, In the application step of the second topdressing, the urea water solution with a mass-volume concentration of 0.5%-1.5% is mixed with humic acid soluble powder at a mass ratio of 1000:1 to prepare urea-humic acid compound liquid for application; The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the step 4) further comprises pest control: Carbendazim 1500 times liquid is sprayed within 3 days after transplanting for prevention. For root rot, use 800 times of carbendazim liquid to irrigate roots; For leaf spot and anthracnose, use 1000 times of mancozeb liquid to spray; For shoot blight, use 1000 times of 45% prochloraz liquid to spray; The carbendazim is a 50% wettable powder diluted with water, and the mancozeb is a 70% wettable powder diluted with water.

8. The method of claim 8, wherein, In step 4), when the support is set up and artificial guiding is performed, the following climbing guiding is also performed: 4a) The support is a three-dimensional grid frame composed of two rows of vertical poles standing on the bed and lateral longitudinal and transverse intersecting net lines, and the net lines have rough structures or protrusions on the surface; 4b) A bamboo stick with a height of 40-60 cm is inserted beside each seedling, and the upper part of the bamboo stick is inclined and tied to the first layer of net lines at the bottom of the support; 4c) When the seedlings grow to 25-30 cm, an inducer is sprayed on the surface of the plant and the bamboo stick, and the inducer contains 0.5-1.5 g / L manganese sulfate, 0.1-0.3 g / L boric acid, and 1-3% ethanol aqueous solution.

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