Compound feed additive containing cationic antibacterial peptide and application of compound feed additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound feed additive containing cationic antibacterial peptide and application of the compound feed additive, and belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed additives. The compound feed additive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of cationic antibacterial peptide, 5-15% of a saccharomyces cerevisiae viable bacteria preparation, 20-40% of butyric acid and 25-50% of milk powder. Through the synergistic effect of the antibacterial peptide, the probiotics, the acidifying agent and the food calling component, weaning stress can be effectively relieved, the feed intake and daily gain of piglets are remarkably increased, the feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate are reduced, and intestinal health is improved. The additive is safe, free of residues and convenient to use, and is an ideal choice for replacing an antibiotic growth promoter, so that the additive has better application prospect and value in the technical field of animal nutrition and feed additives.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of animal nutrition and feed additive, and particularly relates to a composite feed additive containing cationic antibacterial peptide and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Weaning of piglets is a complex physiological and psychological stress process, which often leads to "weaning stress syndrome", which is manifested in reduced feed intake, growth retardation, high diarrhea rate, intestinal flora disorder and decreased immunity. At present, antibiotics are often added in production to prevent diarrhea and promote growth, but the abuse of antibiotics leads to bacterial drug resistance, drug residues and other problems, which has been restricted or prohibited in many countries and regions. Therefore, developing a safe, efficient and residue-free antibiotic substitute has become a research hotspot in the livestock industry. SUMMARY

[0003] The application provides a composite feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass fraction: cationic antibacterial peptide 10-30%, live yeast preparation 5-15%, butyric acid 20-40%, and milk powder 25-50%.

[0004] In one specific embodiment, the composite feed additive is composed of the following components in mass fraction: cationic antibacterial peptide 15-25%, live yeast preparation 8-12%, butyric acid 25-35%, and milk powder 30-45%.

[0005] In one specific embodiment, the composite feed additive is composed of the following components in mass fraction: cationic antibacterial peptide 20%, live yeast preparation 10%, butyric acid 30%, and milk powder 40%.

[0006] In the above composite feed additive, the number of live bacteria in the live yeast preparation is not less than 1.0x10 9 CFU / g.

[0007] In the above composite feed additive, the milk powder is full-fat milk powder or skimmed milk powder.

[0008] The application provides application of the above composite feed additive in preparation of feed for improving weaning stress of piglets; the weaning stress includes reduced feed intake, growth retardation, high diarrhea rate, intestinal flora disorder and decreased immunity.

[0009] The application provides a weaned piglet feed, which comprises a basic daily ration and the above composite feed additive; the addition amount of the composite feed additive is 0.1%-2% of the mass of the basic daily ration, preferably 0.5%-1.5%, and further preferably 1%.

[0010] In this invention, the above-mentioned compound feed additive can also be used in combination with a carrier; the carrier is at least one of montmorillonite, defatted rice bran, bentonite, and silica.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses a compound feed additive containing cationic antimicrobial peptides. The additive is formulated from cationic antimicrobial peptides, live Saccharomyces cerevisiae preparation, butyric acid, and milk powder in a specific ratio. Through the synergistic effect of antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, acidifiers, and palatability enhancers, this invention effectively alleviates weaning stress, significantly increases feed intake and daily weight gain in piglets, reduces feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate, and improves intestinal health. The additive of this invention is safe, residue-free, and easy to use, making it an ideal alternative to antibiotic growth promoters, thus demonstrating promising application prospects and value in the field of animal nutrition and feed additive technology.

[0012] In this invention, cationic antimicrobial peptides can rapidly kill or inhibit intestinal pathogens (such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella), disrupt their biofilms, and regulate innate immunity. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can "strengthen the body's resistance" by competitively binding to the intestinal epithelium with pathogens, secreting proteases, neutralizing toxins, stimulating mucosal immunity, and improving intestinal morphology. Cationic antimicrobial peptides "clean up the battlefield" for the colonization and beneficial effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae, by improving the intestinal environment and immunity, can enhance the host's tolerance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and consolidate long-term health. Butyric acid provides an acidic environment, not only inhibiting pathogens itself but also increasing pepsin activity and promoting protein digestion; its effects complement the biological effects of probiotics. Simultaneously, butyric acid can also enhance the tolerance and activity of probiotics. The addition of milk powder greatly improves the palatability of the additive, attracting piglets to eat, alleviating post-weaning anorexia, ensuring nutrient intake, and providing a foundation for the function of other functional components, thus having good palatability and stress-relieving effects. All components in this invention are recognized as safe feed ingredients or additives, with no antibiotic residues or drug resistance risks, aligning with the trends of healthy farming and food safety. The additives prepared by this invention can be directly mixed into creep feed or weaned piglet feed, requiring no complex processes and being easy to use. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The materials used in this invention are as follows: The cationic antimicrobial peptide is the animal-derived cationic antimicrobial peptide described in Chinese patent "Preparation method and application of animal-derived cationic antimicrobial peptide" (patent number: 201110140474.2), whose amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO.2; Saccharomyces cerevisiae live bacteria preparation (1.5×10 9The CFU / g of the product was purchased from Angel Yeast (Jining) Co., Ltd.; the butyric acid was food grade and purchased from Shandong Yingxuan Industrial Co., Ltd.; the whole milk powder (Rubeijia) was purchased from Hebei Weiguo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and the montmorillonite was purchased from Chifeng Qianrun Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0014] Cationic antimicrobial peptides can kill bacteria by disrupting their membrane structure, while simultaneously protecting and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Probiotics (such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae) can improve gut health by competitively excluding harmful bacteria, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and regulating immunity. Organic acidifiers (such as butyric acid) can lower gastrointestinal pH, promote digestive enzyme activity, and inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Milk powder, as a high-quality source of milk protein and lactose, has good palatability and appeal. However, the effects of single additives are often limited and unstable. Therefore, this invention selects components with different mechanisms of action, scientifically formulated to produce a synergistic effect, thereby more comprehensively and effectively alleviating weaning stress and improving the growth performance and gut health of piglets.

[0015] Other materials used in this invention, unless otherwise stated, are commercially available. Other terms used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, generally have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and data. The following embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0016] Example 1 A compound feed additive, comprising the following components by mass fraction: The compound feed additive consists of 20% cationic antimicrobial peptides, 10% live brewer's yeast preparation, 30% butyric acid, and 40% whole milk powder. All components are thoroughly mixed in a three-dimensional mixer to obtain the final product.

[0017] Example 2 The steps for preparing weaned piglet feed are as follows: The additive from Example 1 was added to the basal diet at a mass ratio of 1%, mixed evenly, and used to prepare weaned piglet feed. The basal diet was formulated from conventional raw materials such as corn, soybean meal, fish meal, and whey powder, and the specific components are shown in Table 1.

[0018] Table 1. Composition and nutritional level of the basal diet (%) Note: The premix provides V per kilogram. A 3300 IU; V D3 450 IU; V E 80 IU; V K3 4.5mg; V B18.75mg; VB2 5.25mg; VB 12 0.028mg; D-pantothenic acid 15mg; biotin 0.075mg; folic acid 0.85mg; niacin 35mg; copper (anhydrous copper sulfate) 150mg; zinc (zinc sulfate monohydrate) 100mg; manganese (manganese sulfate monohydrate) 30mg; iron (ferrous sulfate monohydrate) 130mg; selenium (sodium selenite) 0.3mg; iodine (potassium iodate) 0.35mg.

[0019] I. Verification of Synergistic Effect To verify whether there is a synergistic effect among the four components of the compound feed additive—cationic antimicrobial peptides, live Saccharomyces cerevisiae preparation, butyric acid, and whole milk powder—the following experiment was designed: Four additives were added individually to the basal diet: cationic antimicrobial peptides, live brewer's yeast preparation, butyric acid, and whole milk powder. The amount of each additive added was 1% of the basal diet mass, forming four compound feeds.

[0020] The feeds are labeled as Compound Feed 1 (containing only 1% cationic antimicrobial peptides), Compound Feed 2 (containing only 1% live yeast preparation), Compound Feed 3 (containing only 1% butyric acid), and Compound Feed 4 (containing only 1% whole milk powder).

[0021] Two hundred healthy Duroc-Landrace-Large White crossbred piglets of similar weight, weaned at 21 days of age, were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 4 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate. They were fed the weaned piglet feed described in Example 2 and the aforementioned compound feeds 1-4, respectively, for a 14-day experimental period. During the experiment, piglets had free access to feed and water. Daily feed intake and diarrhea status were recorded, and fasting weights were measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. Diarrhea rate = total number of days of diarrhea in each group during the experimental period / (number of piglets × number of experimental days).

[0022] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0023] Table 2 Effects on growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets Note: Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05), while the same letter indicates no significant differences.

[0024] As shown in Table 2, compared with compound feeds 1-4 with single additives, piglets fed with the compound feed additive of this invention showed significantly higher average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake (P<0.05), significantly lower feed conversion ratio (P<0.05), and extremely significantly lower diarrhea rate (P<0.05).

[0025] The feed additive of the present invention consists of four components: cationic antimicrobial peptides, live yeast preparation, butyric acid, and whole milk powder. While maintaining the same dosage as each of the above individual components, the actual dosage of each component in the additive of the present invention is smaller, yet the combination achieves better technical effects than any single component. This indicates that the components in the compound feed additive of the present invention produce a good synergistic effect, and its overall effect is significantly better than the addition of a single component.

[0026] In summary, the compound feed additive of the present invention can effectively increase the feed intake of weaned piglets, promote growth, reduce diarrhea, and comprehensively improve the health status and production performance of weaned piglets.

[0027] II. Comparison of effects with commercially available feed Commercially available ordinary weaned piglet feed was selected for verification and compared with the feed in Example 2.

[0028] Comparative Example 1 The early-stage compound feed for piglets was purchased from a feed distributor in Shandong Province. The raw materials included corn, soybean meal, dicalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, L-lysine, vitamins, preservatives, antioxidants, phytase, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc oxide, and manganese sulfate.

[0029] Comparative Example 2 The piglet compound feed was purchased from a distributor in a certain region of Henan Province. The raw materials include extruded corn, extruded soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, sugars, soybean oil, enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, zinc oxide, copper sulfate, antioxidants, preservatives, phytase, etc.

[0030] Eighty healthy Duroc-Landrace-Large White crossbred piglets of similar weight, weaned at 21 days of age, were randomly divided into two groups, with four replicates per group and ten piglets per replicate. They were fed the same diets as control group 1 and control group 2, respectively, for a 14-day experimental period. During the experiment, piglets had free access to feed and water. Daily feed intake and diarrhea status were recorded, and fasting weights were measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. Diarrhea rate = total number of days of diarrhea in each group during the experimental period / (number of piglets × number of experimental days).

[0031] The results are shown in Table 3.

[0032] Table 3 Effects on growth performance and diarrhea rate of weaned piglets Note: Different letters in the superscript of data in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05).

[0033] As shown in Table 3, the weaning piglet feed of the present invention can increase the feed intake of weaned piglets, significantly increase their daily weight gain, and significantly reduce the feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate. It is significantly superior to commercially available weaning piglet feed in alleviating weaning stress in piglets.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite feed additive, characterized in that, The compound feed additive is composed of the following components by mass fraction Cationic antibacterial peptide 10-30%, live yeast preparation 5-15%, butyric acid 20-40%, and milk powder 25-50%.

2. The composite feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound feed additive is composed of the following components by mass fraction Cationic antibacterial peptide 15-25%, live yeast preparation 8-12%, butyric acid 25-35%, and milk powder 30-45%.

3. The composite feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compound feed additive is composed of the following components by mass fraction 4. The composite feed additive according to claim 1, characterized by that, The viable cell count of the live Saccharomyces cerevisiae preparation is not less than 1.0 x 10 9 CFU / g.

5. The composite feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, Cationic antibacterial peptide 20%, live yeast preparation 10%, butyric acid 30%, and milk powder 40%. The milk powder is full-fat milk powder or skimmed milk powder.

7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, 6. Use of the compound feed additive according to any one of claims 1-5 in the preparation of feed for improving weaning stress of piglets.

8. A weanling pig feed, characterized in that, The weaning stress includes decreased feed intake, growth retardation, high diarrhea rate, intestinal flora disorder, and decreased immunity.

9. The post-weaning piglet feed according to claim 8, characterized in that, The feed comprises a basic daily ration and the compound feed additive according to claim 1.

10. The post-weaning piglet feed according to claim 9, characterized in that, The compound feed additive is added in an amount of 0.1%-2% of the mass of the basic daily ration. The compound feed additive is added in an amount of 1% of the mass of the basic daily ration.

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