Directional solidification water-cooling crystallization device for vacuum ingot casting

Abstract

The directional solidification water-cooling crystallization device comprises a guide rail, a movable base is arranged on the guide rail in a sliding mode, side frames are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the top of the movable base, rotating shafts are rotationally arranged on the side frames, arc-shaped blocks are installed at the ends, located on the inner sides of the side frames, of the rotating shafts, and the two arc-shaped blocks are jointly connected with a circular frame. A cooling base is connected to the bottom of the circular frame, an ingot casting barrel is rotationally arranged on the cooling base, a cooling mechanism is arranged in the cooling base, a plurality of casting mold grooves are formed in the ingot casting barrel in an annular array mode, a heat preservation assembly is arranged on the ingot casting barrel in a surrounding mode, and a lifting assembly for driving the heat preservation assembly to ascend and descend is arranged on the circular frame. The heat preservation assembly is controlled to ascend along the ingot casting barrel from bottom to top, so that the ingot casting barrel is gradually exposed from bottom to top, and the heat preservation assembly slowly ascends to be combined with the synergistic effect of water-cooling crystallization at the bottom of the ingot casting barrel, so that molten metal in the ingot casting barrel is sequentially solidified from bottom to top.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a crystallization device, in particular to a directional solidification water-cooled crystallization device for vacuum ingot casting. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vacuum ingot casting technology is a key process for preparing high-performance metal materials, especially active and easily oxidized metals and their alloys. As an important functional material, rare earth samarium aluminum alloy has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, national defense and new energy due to its excellent nuclear performance, magnetic properties and mechanical properties. However, samarium is extremely active in chemical properties, and is easily oxidized and burned during smelting and casting in the conventional atmospheric environment, which seriously affects the composition, purity and final performance of the alloy. Therefore, the smelting and solidification process must be completed in a high vacuum environment.

[0003] In addition, the final performance of samarium aluminum alloy is strongly dependent on the morphology and structure of its solidification structure. An ideal directional columnar crystal structure can significantly improve the longitudinal mechanical properties of the ingot and eliminate the weak crystal boundaries in the transverse direction. Traditional directional solidification techniques, such as establishing a temperature gradient by relative movement of the heater and the cooling source, have obvious limitations when applied to samarium aluminum alloy: first, the stability and control accuracy of the temperature gradient are insufficient, making it difficult to establish and maintain an ideal unidirectional heat flow in active metals, resulting in unstable solidification interfaces and easy formation of composition segregation, mixed crystals and even equiaxed crystals, which seriously damage the homogeneity and performance of the material; second, the demolding process after the solidification of the ingot is mostly dependent on mechanical ejection or manual operation, which is extremely easy to cause surface damage or internal cracking of the samarium aluminum alloy ingot, which is easy to oxidize and has a brittle texture, resulting in low yield.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an integrated directional solidification device that can achieve efficient sequential solidification in a high vacuum environment and complete continuous production and non-destructive demolding of multiple ingots, to solve the industry bottlenecks of difficult solidification structure control, low production efficiency and poor yield. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A directional solidification water-cooled crystallization device for vacuum ingot casting includes a guide rail, a movable base slidably mounted on the guide rail, side frames symmetrically mounted on both sides of the top of the movable base, a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the side frame, an arc-shaped block mounted on one end of the rotating shaft located inside the side frame, two arc-shaped blocks connected together to a circular frame, a cooling base connected to the bottom of the circular frame, an ingot cylinder rotatably mounted on the cooling base, a cooling mechanism inside the cooling base, the cooling mechanism contacting the bottom of the ingot cylinder for conduction cooling, the ingot cylinder located inside the circular frame, multiple casting mold slots arranged in a circular array on the ingot cylinder, each casting mold slot used to hold molten metal and solidify it, a heat-insulating component surrounding the ingot cylinder, and a lifting component on the circular frame for driving the heat-insulating component to rise and fall, the lifting component causing the heat-insulating component to rise vertically along the ingot cylinder, so that the ingot cylinder is gradually exposed from bottom to top, so as to achieve a gradual decrease in the temperature of the ingot cylinder from bottom to top, and to achieve directional solidification of the molten metal from bottom to top.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the insulation component includes an outer insulation block disposed on the outside of the ingot cylinder, an inner insulation block disposed on the inside of the ingot cylinder, and a top insulation block disposed between the top of the outer insulation block and the top of the inner insulation block. The top insulation block is separable from the top of the ingot cylinder. The outer insulation block, the inner insulation block, and the top insulation block together form an inverted U-shaped insulation structure that covers and adheres tightly to the ingot cylinder from the inside, outside, and top.

[0007] As a further preferred option, the top insulation block covers the mold groove, and the top insulation block has filling holes that match the radial dimensions of the mold groove. When the ingot cylinder rotates, the filling holes can be aligned with each mold groove in sequence, thereby realizing sequential filling of each mold groove.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the lifting assembly includes a mounting base, a connecting block, a fixing block, a lead screw, a worm gear, a second motor, a worm wheel, and an internally threaded sleeve. The mounting base is installed on the outer wall of the circular frame, and the second motor and worm gear are mounted on the mounting base. The worm gear is connected to the output shaft of the second motor. The fixing block is installed on the outer wall of the annular portion of the circular frame, and an internally threaded sleeve is rotatably mounted inside the fixing block. A connecting block is provided on the upper outer wall of the outer insulation block, and the upper end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the connecting block. A worm wheel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the internally threaded sleeve, and the worm wheel meshes with the worm gear.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the crystallization apparatus is also provided with a rotating assembly for driving the ingot cylinder to rotate. The rotating assembly includes a first motor, a driving gear, a driven gear, and a gear ring. A mounting plate is installed on the outer wall of the cooling base. The first motor is mounted on the mounting plate. The driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the first motor. A gear ring is provided on the outer wall of the ingot cylinder. A driven gear is provided between the gear ring and the driving gear. The driven gear is rotatably mounted on the cooling base. The driven gear meshes with both the driving gear and the gear ring.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the cooling mechanism includes a condenser box located inside the cooling base, with a condenser tube coiled inside the condenser box. The condenser box is located below the ingot cylinder, and a heat conduction tube is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the ingot cylinder. One end of the heat conduction tube is connected to one end of the condenser tube, and the other end is connected to the other end of the condenser tube through a circulation pump, forming a closed cooling circulation loop.

[0011] As a further preferred option, the condenser box is provided with heat dissipation holes in its circumference, and a condenser fan is installed inside the condenser box. The condenser fan is used to dissipate heat from the condenser tubes after the vacuum casting furnace door is opened.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, a driven sprocket is installed at the end of the rotating shaft away from the arc-shaped block. The driven sprocket is located on the outside of the side frame. A driving sprocket is also rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the side frame. A transmission chain is provided between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket. A third motor for driving the driven sprocket and a control unit for controlling the operation of the third motor are provided on the outer wall of the side frame.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. By controlling the heat preservation component to rise from bottom to top along the ingot cylinder, the ingot cylinder is gradually exposed from bottom to top. The slow rise of the heat preservation component combined with the synergistic effect of water cooling crystallization at the bottom of the ingot cylinder establishes a stable and controllable longitudinal temperature gradient in the ingot cylinder, thereby causing the molten metal liquid in the ingot cylinder to solidify sequentially from bottom to top.

[0014] 2. Through the cooperation of the third motor, the driving sprocket, the driven sprocket, the transmission chain and the rotating shaft, the circular frame, the cooling base and the ingot cylinder are tilted at a certain angle, so that the solidified ingot can be smoothly removed from the mold groove under its own gravity. This solves the problems of difficult and easy damage during manual demolding. The demolding process has the advantages of being safe, efficient and without damaging the surface quality of the ingot.

[0015] 3. The design of multiple casting mold slots in a ring array on the ingot cylinder, combined with the rotating components, enables the device to continuously and sequentially complete the pouring of multiple ingots within one vacuum cycle, greatly increasing the output of a single operation and reducing unit energy consumption and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooling base, ingot cylinder, and rotating assembly of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat preservation component and the lifting component of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial three-dimensional structural diagram.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the ingot cylinder and heat preservation component of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A partial three-dimensional structural diagram.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cooling base, condenser box, condenser tube, and heat pipe of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser box and condenser fan of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the condenser and heat pipe of the present invention.

[0026] The components are as follows: 1-Guide rail, 2-Moving base, 3-Side frame, 31-Rotating shaft, 32-Arc-shaped block, 41-Cooling base, 410-Air inlet, 411-Filter screen, 42-Circular frame, 5-Ingot cylinder, 51-Mold groove, 6-Insulation component, 61-Top insulation block, 610-Filling hole, 62-Outer insulation block, 63-Inner insulation block, 7-Rotating component, 70-Mounting plate, 71-First motor, 72-Drive gear. 73-Driven gear, 74-Gear ring, 8-Lifting assembly, 801-Mounting base, 802-Connecting block, 803-Fixing block, 81-Lead screw, 82-Worm gear, 83-Second motor, 84-Worm wheel, 85-Internal threaded sleeve, 9-Condenser box, 91-Condenser pipe, 92-Heat pipe, 93-Condenser fan, 10-Driven sprocket, 11-Drive sprocket, 12-Third motor, 13-Transmission chain, 14-Control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Example: A directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingots, such asFigures 1-4 As shown, the device includes a guide rail 1, a movable base 2, side frames 3, a rotating shaft 31, an arc-shaped block 32, a cooling base 41, a circular frame 42, an ingot cylinder 5, and a heat preservation component 6. The guide rail 1 is installed inside the vacuum ingot casting furnace. The movable base 2 is slidably installed on the guide rail 1. The bottom of the movable base 2 is equipped with electric rollers that roll along the guide rail 1. Therefore, the movable base 2 can move horizontally along the guide rail 1 under the drive of the electric rollers, which facilitates the movement of the entire crystallization device inside the vacuum ingot casting furnace, allowing the crystallization device to switch positions between the tundish below the vacuum ingot casting furnace and the unloading station. Side frames 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the movable base 2. Each side frame 3 is rotatably mounted with a rotating shaft 31 via a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft 31 extends between the two side frames 3, and the end extending between the two side frames 3 is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped block 32. The concave surfaces of the two arc-shaped blocks 32 face each other and are connected together to support a circular frame 42. The circular frame 42 is arranged in an upper and lower array. The circular frame and the longitudinal frames evenly spaced along the circumference of the circular frame form a hollow cylindrical structure. The bottom of the circular frame 42 is connected to a cooling base 41, and a circular notch is opened in the center of the cooling base 41. A casting cylinder 5 is rotatably mounted on the cooling base 41, and the lower end of the casting cylinder 5 is located at the circular notch of the cooling base 41. A cooling mechanism is provided inside the cooling base 41, and the cooling mechanism is in contact with the bottom of the casting cylinder 5 for conduction cooling. Multiple casting grooves 51 are arranged in a circular array along the circumference of the cylinder wall of the casting cylinder 5. These casting grooves 51 together form a casting cavity for holding the molten metal and solidifying it. A heat preservation component 6 is arranged around the casting cylinder 5. A lifting component 8 is provided on the circular frame 42 to drive the heat preservation component 6 to rise and fall. The lifting component 8 makes the heat preservation component 6 and the casting cylinder 5 rise vertically, so that the casting cylinder 5 is gradually exposed from bottom to top, so that the temperature of the casting cylinder 5 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the molten metal solidifies directionally from bottom to top.

[0029] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the insulation component 6 includes an outer insulation block 62 disposed on the outside of the ingot cylinder 5, an inner insulation block 63 disposed on the inside of the ingot cylinder 5, and a top insulation block 61 disposed between the tops of the outer insulation block 62 and the inner insulation block 63. A guide rod is provided on the top outer wall of the outer insulation block 62, which is slidably connected to the circular frame 42 and provides guidance during the lifting and lowering of the outer insulation block 62. The outer insulation block 62, the inner insulation block 63, and the top insulation block 61 together form an inverted U-shaped insulation structure that covers and adheres tightly to the ingot cylinder 5 from the inside, outside, and top. Initially, the insulation component 6 wraps around the ingot cylinder 5, providing uniform insulation. When directional solidification begins, the cooling mechanism is activated, and the lifting component 8 is activated to move the insulation component 6 vertically upwards along the ingot cylinder 5. As the insulation component 6 rises, the lower part of the ingot cylinder 5 is exposed first and begins to cool, while the upper part remains in an insulation state, causing the molten metal to solidify sequentially from the bottom upwards.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the top insulation block 61 is separable from the top of the ingot cylinder 5, and the top insulation block 61 covers the mold groove 51; the top insulation block 61 is provided with a filling hole 610, and the radial dimension of the filling hole 610 matches that of a single mold groove 51; when the ingot cylinder 5 rotates, the filling hole 610 can be aligned with each mold groove 51 in sequence, thereby realizing sequential filling of each mold groove 51.

[0031] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the lifting assembly 8 includes a mounting base 801, a connecting block 802, a fixing block 803, a lead screw 81, a worm gear 82, a second motor 83, a worm wheel 84, and an internally threaded sleeve 85. The mounting base 801 is mounted on the outer wall of the circular frame 42. The second motor 83 is mounted on the mounting base 801, and the worm gear 82 is connected to the output shaft of the second motor 83. The worm gear 82 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 801. The fixing block 803 is mounted on the outer wall of the annular portion of the circular frame 42. An internally threaded sleeve 85 is rotatably mounted via a rotating shaft. A worm gear 84 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the internally threaded sleeve 85. The worm gear 84 meshes with the worm 82 and forms a worm gear reduction mechanism with a self-locking function, ensuring that the insulation component 6 can be stopped stably in any position. An internally threaded groove is formed on the inner wall of the internally threaded sleeve 85, and the lead screw 81 forms a threaded pair with the internally threaded groove of the internally threaded sleeve 85. The upper end of the lead screw 81 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 802, which is fixed to the upper outer wall of the outer insulation block 62. When the second motor 83 is powered on, the output shaft of the second motor 83 drives the worm 82 to rotate, and the worm 82 drives the worm gear 84 to rotate, thereby driving the internally threaded sleeve 85 to rotate. The rotation of the internally threaded sleeve 85 is converted into the linear motion of the lead screw 81 through thread transmission, thereby driving the entire insulation component 6 connected to the top of the lead screw 81 to rise and fall smoothly along the outer wall of the ingot cylinder 5.

[0032] like Figures 2-3As shown, this crystallization apparatus is also equipped with a rotating assembly 7 that drives the ingot cylinder 5 to rotate. The rotating assembly 7 includes a first motor 71, a driving gear 72, a driven gear 73, and a gear ring 74. A mounting plate 70 is installed on the outer wall of the cooling base 41. The first motor 71 is mounted on the mounting plate 70. The driving gear 72 is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 71. A gear ring 74 is fixed to the lower part of the outer wall of the ingot cylinder 5. A driven gear 73 meshes between the driving gear 72 and the gear ring 74. The driven gear 73 is rotatably mounted on the cooling base 41. The driven gear 73 is used to transmit power and adjust the transmission ratio. A protective cover is provided on the outside of the driven gear 73 and the driving gear 72. A notch is provided on the side of the protective cover near the gear ring 74 for the driven gear 73 to pass through. When the first motor 71 is powered on, its output shaft drives the drive gear 72 to rotate. The power is transmitted to the gear ring 74 via the driven gear 73. Since the gear ring 74 is fixed on the ingot cylinder 5, it drives the ingot cylinder 5 to rotate relative to the cooling base 41 and the heat insulation component 6. When it is necessary to pour into the mold slot 51 at different positions, the target mold slot 51 can be precisely rotated to below the filling hole 610 of the top heat insulation block 61 by controlling the rotation angle of the first motor 71.

[0033] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the cooling mechanism includes a condenser box 9 located at the bottom inner side of the cooling base 41. Multiple layers of condenser tubes 91 are coiled inside the condenser box 9 from top to bottom. The ends of every two adjacent layers of condenser tubes 91 are connected to each other. The condenser box 9 is located below the ingot casting cylinder 5. A heat conduction pipe 92 is installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the ingot casting cylinder 5. One end of the heat conduction pipe 92 is connected to one end of the uppermost condenser tube 91, and the other end is connected to the lowermost condenser tube 91 through a circulation pump, forming a closed cooling circulation loop. The multiple layers of condenser tubes 91 and heat conduction pipes 92 are filled with a cooling medium. The condenser box 9 has circumferentially opened heat dissipation holes. A condenser fan 93 is installed inside the condenser box 9. The condenser fan 93 is used to accelerate the heat dissipation of the condenser tubes 91 after the vacuum ingot casting furnace door is opened.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the cooling base 41 has air inlets 410 evenly spaced on its outer circumference. A filter screen 411 is installed at the air inlet 410. When the ingot solidifies and the vacuum furnace door is opened, the condenser fan 93 is started. The condenser fan 93 carries away the heat from the outer walls of the condenser tube 91 and the heat conduction tube 92, thereby indirectly cooling the cooling medium inside the condenser tube 91 and the heat conduction tube 92. Air flows through the air inlet 410.

[0035] In operation, a circulating pump drives the cooling medium to circulate in a loop of multi-layer condenser tubes 91 and heat-conducting tubes 92. When the cooling medium flows through the heat-conducting tube 92 at the bottom of the ingot cylinder 5, it absorbs heat from the bottom of the ingot cylinder 5, becoming a high-temperature medium. This high-temperature medium flows into the upper condenser tubes 91, while the cooling medium in the remaining condenser tubes 91 is drawn into the heat-conducting tubes 92 by the circulating pump, thus completing one cooling cycle. This efficiently and continuously removes heat from the bottom of the ingot cylinder 5, ensuring that the temperature at the bottom of the ingot cylinder 5 is much lower than that at the top, thus strengthening the driving force for directional solidification. Figure 1 As shown, a driven sprocket 10 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 31 extending outside the side frame 3. A driving sprocket 11 is also rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the side frame 3 via a bearing. A transmission chain 13 is provided between the driving sprocket 11 and the driven sprocket 10, and the transmission chain 13 meshes with both the driving sprocket 11 and the driven sprocket 10. A third motor 12 that drives the driven sprocket 10 to rotate circumferentially and a control unit 14 for controlling the operation of the third motor 12 are provided on the outer wall of the side frame 3. After the ingot solidifies, the third motor 12 is started, which drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate through the chain drive. This causes the entire circular frame 42 and all its internal components (including the ingot cylinder 5 and the insulation component 6, etc.) to tilt together through the arc-shaped block 32, pouring the ingot out of the mold groove 51 and completing the demolding.

[0036] In use, the device is first moved into the vacuum casting furnace via the guide rail 1 and a vacuum is drawn. Molten metal is poured into the casting mold trough 51 through the filling hole 610. The casting cylinder 5 is rotated by the rotating component 7 to sequentially add the molten metal into the casting mold trough 51 inside the casting cylinder 5. After filling, the circulation pump at the bottom of the casting cylinder 5 is started to make the cooling medium circulate between the condenser pipe 91 and the heat conduction pipe 92. The heat conduction pipe 92 carries away the heat from the bottom of the casting cylinder 5, thereby rapidly cooling the exposed lower part of the casting cylinder 5, so that the molten metal in the lower part of the casting mold trough 51 quickly solidifies and crystallizes. Subsequently, the lifting component 8 is started to make the heat preservation component 6 rise slowly and uniformly, so that the molten metal inside the casting mold trough 51 solidifies and crystallizes from bottom to top. After the molten metal in each mold groove 51 inside the ingot cylinder 5 has solidified, the heat preservation component 6 is quickly lowered and reset by the lifting component 8, thus facilitating subsequent demolding. The furnace door of the vacuum ingot furnace is opened, and the crystallization device is moved to the unloading position at the furnace door of the vacuum ingot furnace by the cooperation of the movable base 2 and the guide rail 1. The condenser fan 93 is started, and the heat is dissipated under the forced air cooling of the condenser fan 93, turning it back into a low-temperature medium, which accelerates the heat dissipation speed of the cooling medium in the condenser tube 91 and the heat conduction tube 92. Then, the third motor 12 is controlled by the control unit 14, and the rotating shaft 31 is rotated circumferentially by the cooperation of the drive sprocket 11, the driven sprocket 10 and the transmission chain 13, thereby driving the circular frame 42 to rotate around the rotating shaft 31, so that the circular frame 42 and the ingot cylinder 5 tilt at a certain angle. The solidified ingot is removed from the mold groove 51 under the action of gravity, thus achieving the demolding effect. After demolding, the control unit 14 controls the third motor 12 to reverse, and through the cooperation of the driving sprocket 11, driven sprocket 10, transmission chain 13 and rotating shaft 31, the circular frame 42, cooling base 41 and ingot cylinder 5 are reset. After the cooling medium temperature drops to room temperature, the condenser fan 93 and circulating pump are turned off. The crystallization device is then moved back into the vacuum ingot casting furnace by the cooperation of the moving base 2 and guide rail 1, and the above vacuum ingot casting operation is repeated.

[0037] The technical principles of the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific examples. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanation herein, those skilled in the art can conceive of other specific embodiments of the present invention without creative effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingot casting, characterized in that: The system includes a guide rail (1), a movable base (2) that slides on the guide rail (1), side frames (3) that are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the top of the movable base (2), a rotating shaft (31) that is rotatably arranged on the side frame (3), an arc-shaped block (32) that is installed at one end of the rotating shaft (31) located inside the side frame (3), two arc-shaped blocks (32) that are connected together to a circular frame (42), a cooling base (41) that is connected to the bottom of the circular frame (42), an ingot cylinder (5) that is rotatably arranged on the cooling base (41), a cooling mechanism that is in contact with the bottom of the ingot cylinder (5) for conduction cooling, and casting The ingot cylinder (5) is located inside the circular frame (42). Multiple casting mold slots (51) are arranged in a ring array on the ingot cylinder (5). Each casting mold slot (51) is used to hold the molten metal and solidify it. A heat-insulating component (6) is arranged around the ingot cylinder (5). A lifting component (8) is arranged on the circular frame (42) to drive the heat-insulating component (6) to rise and fall. The heat-insulating component (6) is raised vertically along the ingot cylinder (5) by the lifting component (8) so that the ingot cylinder (5) is gradually exposed from bottom to top, so that the temperature of the ingot cylinder (5) gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the molten metal solidifies directionally from bottom to top.

2. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingot casting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insulation component (6) includes an outer insulation block (62) disposed on the outside of the ingot cylinder (5), an inner insulation block (63) disposed on the inside of the ingot cylinder (5), and a top insulation block (61) disposed between the top of the outer insulation block (62) and the top of the inner insulation block (63). The top insulation block (61) is separable from the top of the ingot cylinder (5). The outer insulation block (62), the inner insulation block (63), and the top insulation block (61) together form an inverted U-shaped insulation structure that covers and adheres tightly to the ingot cylinder (5) from the inside, outside, and top.

3. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingots as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top insulation block (61) covers the mold groove (51). The top insulation block (61) has a filling hole (610) that matches the radial dimension of the mold groove (51). When the ingot cylinder (5) rotates, the filling hole (610) can be aligned with each mold groove (51) in sequence, thereby realizing the sequential filling of each mold groove (51).

4. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingots as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (8) includes a mounting base (801), a connecting block (802), a fixing block (803), a lead screw (81), a worm gear (82), a second motor (83), a worm wheel (84), and an internal threaded sleeve (85). The mounting base (801) is installed on the outer wall of the circular frame (42). The second motor (83) and the worm gear (82) are mounted on the mounting base (801). The worm gear (82) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (83). The fixing block (803) is mounted on the second motor (84). 03) Installed on the outer wall of the annular part of the circular frame (42), the fixing block (803) is rotatably provided with an internal threaded sleeve (85), and a screw (81) is threadedly connected to the internal threaded sleeve (85). A connecting block (802) is provided on the upper outer wall of the outer insulation block (62). The upper end of the screw (81) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (802). A worm wheel (84) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the internal threaded sleeve (85), and the worm wheel (84) meshes with the worm (82).

5. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingots as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The crystallization apparatus is also provided with a rotating assembly (7) for driving the ingot cylinder (5) to rotate. The rotating assembly (7) includes a first motor (71), a driving gear (72), a driven gear (73) and a gear ring (74). A mounting plate (70) is installed on the outer wall of the cooling base (41). The first motor (71) is mounted on the mounting plate (70). The driving gear (72) is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (71). A gear ring (74) is provided on the outer wall of the ingot cylinder (5). A driven gear (73) is provided between the gear ring (74) and the driving gear (72). The driven gear (73) is rotatably mounted on the cooling base (41). The driven gear (73) meshes with the driving gear (72) and the gear ring (74).

6. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingot casting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism includes a condenser box (9) located inside the cooling base (41), with a condenser tube (91) coiled inside the condenser box (9). The condenser box (9) is located below the ingot cylinder (5). A heat conduction tube (92) is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the ingot cylinder (5). One end of the heat conduction tube (92) is connected to one end of the condenser tube (91), and the other end is connected to the other end of the condenser tube (91) through a circulation pump, forming a closed cooling circulation loop.

7. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingot casting as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The condenser box (9) has heat dissipation holes in its circumference and a condenser fan (93) is installed inside the condenser box (9). The condenser fan (93) is used to dissipate heat from the condenser tube (91) after the vacuum casting furnace door is opened.

8. The directional solidification water-cooled crystallization apparatus for vacuum ingot casting as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A driven sprocket (10) is installed at the end of the shaft (31) away from the arc block (32). The driven sprocket (10) is located on the outside of the side frame (3). A driving sprocket (11) is also rotatably installed on the outer wall of the side frame (3). A transmission chain (13) is provided between the driving sprocket (11) and the driven sprocket (10). A third motor (12) for driving the driven sprocket (10) to rotate and a control unit (14) for controlling the operation of the third motor (12) are provided on the outer wall of the side frame (3).

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