Rotary target flange assembling end welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of target material welding, and discloses a rotating target material flange assembly end welding method which comprises the following steps: step 1, machining an assembly end of a rotating target material and an assembly end of a flange according to interference fit tolerance, and after machining is completed, mounting the assembly end of the flange on the assembly end of the rotating target material, a to-be-welded rotating target material is obtained; secondly, preheating welding, formal welding and modification welding are sequentially conducted on the rotating target material to be welded in an electron beam welding mode; wherein the electron beam intensity of preheating welding is 40-60 mA, the electron beam intensity of formal welding is 80-120 mA, and the electron beam intensity of modification welding is 50-70 mA. According to the welding method, the welding effect between the rotating target and the flange can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of target material welding, in particular to a rotating target material flange assembly end welding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rotating targets are widely used in electronic, communication, superconducting and aerospace fields. The rotating target is tubular and has high utilization rate, but it is difficult to process. In particular, the rotating target made of high-purity aluminum is prone to deformation during use due to its soft texture, and it is usually necessary to use electron beam welding to weld a flange made of pure aluminum at both ends of the high-purity aluminum rotating target to enhance its structural stability. During welding, due to thermal deformation, the interface between the flange and the high-purity aluminum target tube may be deformed or relatively misaligned, which not only reduces the welding quality, but also may result in poor coaxiality, poor sealing, and generate a large internal stress. Moreover, electron beam welding is prone to leaving pores on the surface, affecting the appearance and air tightness.

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to improve the welding effect between the rotating target material and the flange. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a rotating target material flange assembly end welding method. When the rotating target material and the flange are assembled, an interference fit is used for assembly, thereby improving the connection strength of the rotating target material and the flange assembly. Through three different electron beam weldings, the effective depth of welding is improved, thereby improving the welding strength.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0006] A rotating target material flange assembly end welding method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Process the assembly end of the rotating target material and the assembly end of the flange according to the interference fit tolerance. After processing, install the assembly end of the flange on the assembly end of the rotating target material to obtain a target material to be welded;

[0008] Step 2: sequentially preheat, weld and modify the target material to be welded by electron beam welding;

[0009] Wherein, the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 40-60mA, the electron beam current intensity of the formal welding is 80-120mA, and the electron beam current intensity of the modification welding is 50-70mA.

[0010] In some schemes of the present application, the electron beam current intensity for preheating welding is preferably 40 mA, 45 mA, 50 mA, 55 mA, 60 mA; the electron beam current intensity for formal welding is preferably 80 mA, 90 mA, 100 mA, 110 mA, 120 mA; and the electron beam current intensity for finishing welding is preferably 50 mA, 55 mA, 60 mA, 65 mA, 70 mA.

[0011] Preferably, it further comprises step 3: turning processing is performed on the welding position of the rotating target material and the flange.

[0012] Preferably, step 1 comprises the following sub-steps:

[0013] Step A1: turning processing is performed on the assembling end of the rotating target material and the assembling end of the flange according to the interference fit tolerance;

[0014] Step A2: after the processing, the assembling position of the flange and the assembling position of the rotating target material are sequentially polished, polished and cleaned;

[0015] Step A3: after the cleaning, the assembling end of the flange is installed on the assembling end of the rotating target material by using the press-fit method, and a rotating target material to be welded is obtained.

[0016] Preferably, the interference fit tolerance is H7 / p6, H7 / r6 or H7 / s6.

[0017] Preferably, in step A2, 250-400 mesh diamond sandpaper is used for polishing;

[0018] The specific operation of polishing is: 350-450 mesh scotch-brite is used for the first polishing, and 750-850 mesh scotch-brite is used for the second polishing.

[0019] Isopropyl alcohol or anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of 90-99.9% is used for cleaning.

[0020] Preferably, in step 2, the parameters for preheating welding are: the accelerating voltage is 40-80 V, the focusing current is 1500-1700 mA, the filament current is 15-25 A, and the welding speed is 400-500 mm / min.

[0021] In some schemes of the present application, the parameters for preheating welding are preferably: the accelerating voltage is 40 V, 50 V, 60 V, 70 V, 80 V, the focusing current is preferably 1500 mA, 1600 mA, 1700 mA, the filament current is 15 A, 20 A, 25 A, and the welding speed is preferably 400 mm / min, 450 mm / min, 500 mm / min.

[0022] Preferably, in step 2, the parameters of the formal welding are as follows: the acceleration voltage is 40-80V, the focusing current is 1500-1700mA, the filament current is 15-25A, and the welding speed is 400-500mm / min.

[0023] In some schemes of the present application, the parameters of the formal welding are as follows: the acceleration voltage is 40V, 50V, 60V, 70V, 80V, the focusing current is 1500mA, 1600mA, 1700mA, the filament current is 15A, 20A, 25A, and the welding speed is 400mm / min, 450mm / min, 500mm / min.

[0024] Preferably, in step 2, the parameters of the modification welding are as follows: the acceleration voltage is 40-80V, the focusing current is 1500-1700mA, the filament current is 15-25A, and the welding speed is 400-500mm / min.

[0025] In some schemes of the present application, the parameters of the modification welding are as follows: the acceleration voltage is 40V, 50V, 60V, 70V, 80V, the focusing current is 1500mA, 1600mA, 1700mA, the filament current is 15A, 20A, 25A, and the welding speed is 400mm / min, 450mm / min, 500mm / min.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the welding method of the present application, the rotating target material and the flange are assembled in an interference fit manner when they are assembled, so that the rotating target material and the flange are tightly connected together. When the rotating target material to be welded is driven to rotate in the welding, there will be no deviation or relative sliding between the rotating target material and the flange, and moreover, the coaxiality of the rotating target material and the flange can be improved. Secondly, the welding process includes preheating welding, formal welding and modification welding performed in sequence, which can improve the effective depth of welding, and through three times of welding, the gas in the metal can be floated, so that the gas overflows from the surface of the rotating target material to be welded, avoiding the generation of pores. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the present application shown herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] A rotating target material flange assembly end welding method comprises the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: the assembly end of the rotating target material and the assembly end of the flange are processed according to the interference fit tolerance, after processing, the assembly end of the flange is installed on the assembly end of the rotating target material, and the rotating target material is obtained, wherein the rotating target material is an aluminum rotating target material, and the material of the flange is aluminum; step 1 includes the following substeps:

[0032] Step A1: the assembly end of the rotating target material and the assembly end of the flange are processed according to the interference fit tolerance, wherein the interference fit tolerance is H7 / p6, the groove with a tolerance of H7 is processed on the assembly end of the flange by turning, and the shaft surface with a tolerance of p6 is processed on the assembly end of the rotating target material by turning;

[0033] Step A2: after processing, the assembly position of the flange and the assembly position of the rotating target material are polished, polished and cleaned in turn; during polishing, 320 grit diamond sandpaper is used for polishing; after polishing, polishing is carried out, and the specific operation of polishing is: first, 400 mesh scouring pad is used for first polishing, and then 800 mesh scouring pad is used for second polishing; after polishing, anhydrous ethanol is used for cleaning;

[0034] Step A3: after cleaning, the assembly end of the flange is installed on the assembly end of the rotating target material by using the pressing method of the press, and the rotating target material to be welded is obtained; wherein the press is a hydraulic press;

[0035] Step 2: place the rotating target material to be welded on the welding platform and into the electron beam welding equipment, and then use the electron beam welding method to sequentially preheat, weld and modify the rotating target material to be welded;

[0036] After the rotating target material to be welded is placed, the welding platform and the rotating target material to be welded are placed into the electron beam welding equipment, and the vacuum degree in the electron beam welding equipment is set to 5.0x10 -2 Pa,

[0037] Then, preheating welding is started, and the specific parameters of preheating welding are: electron beam current intensity is 50mA, acceleration voltage is 60V, focusing current is 1600mA, filament current is 25A, and welding speed is 450mm / min;

[0038] After preheating welding is completed, formal welding is carried out, and the specific parameters of formal welding are: electron beam current intensity is 110mA, acceleration voltage is 60V, focusing current is 1600mA, filament current is 22A, and welding speed is 450mm / min;

[0039] After the formal welding is completed, the finishing welding is performed, and the specific parameters of the finishing welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 50 mA, the acceleration voltage is 50 V, the focusing current is 1600 mA, the filament current is 20 A, and the welding speed is 400 mm / min.

[0040] It should be noted that when the preheating welding, the formal welding and the finishing welding are performed, the electron gun is not moved, and the welding platform drives the to-be-welded rotating target to rotate, so that the rotating target and the welding position of the flange are circumferentially welded, and the rotating target and the flange are welded together.

[0041] Step 3: The welding position of the rotating target and the flange is turned by a lathe, so that the obtained rotating target meets the size of the drawing.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] The embodiment is basically the same as example 1, and the difference lies in that the interference fit tolerance is H7 / r6.

[0044] The specific parameters of the preheating welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 40 mA, the acceleration voltage is 40 V, the focusing current is 1500 mA, the filament current is 20 A, and the welding speed is 400 mm / min.

[0045] The specific parameters of the formal welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 80 mA, the acceleration voltage is 40 V, the focusing current is 1500 mA, the filament current is 19 A, and the welding speed is 400 mm / min.

[0046] The specific parameters of the finishing welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 60 mA, the acceleration voltage is 40 V, the focusing current is 1500 mA, the filament current is 18 A, and the welding speed is 400 mm / min.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The embodiment is basically the same as example 1, and the difference lies in that the interference fit tolerance is H7 / s6.

[0049] The specific parameters of the preheating welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 60 mA, the acceleration voltage is 80 V, the focusing current is 1700 mA, the filament current is 15 A, and the welding speed is 500 mm / min.

[0050] The specific parameters of the formal welding are as follows: the electron beam current intensity is 120 mA, the acceleration voltage is 80 V, the focusing current is 1700 mA, the filament current is 15 A, and the welding speed is 500 mm / min.

[0051] The specific parameters of the modified welding are: electron beam current intensity of 70 mA, acceleration voltage of 80 V, focusing current of 1700 mA, filament current of 15 A, and welding speed of 500 mm / min.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the assembly end of the rotating target material and the assembly end of the flange are processed according to the clearance fit tolerance, and the clearance fit tolerance is H6 / g5.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the assembly end of the rotating target material and the assembly end of the flange are processed according to the transition fit tolerance, and the transition fit tolerance is H7 / k6.

[0056] Comparative Example 3

[0057] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 20 mA, the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 50 mA, and the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 30 mA.

[0058] Comparative Example 4

[0059] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 80 mA, the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 140 mA, and the electron beam current intensity of the preheating welding is 90 mA.

[0060] Comparative Example 5

[0061] This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that in Step 2, the rotating target material to be welded is placed on the welding platform and placed in the electron beam welding equipment, and then the rotating target material to be welded is welded by using the electron beam welding method; wherein the specific parameters of the welding are: electron beam current intensity of 110 mA, acceleration voltage of 60 V, focusing current of 1600 mA, filament current of 22 A, and welding speed of 450 mm / min.

[0062] The rotating target material and the flange are welded by using the welding methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, respectively. The test method is: using a helium leak detector with a leak rate parameter of ≤1x10-7 mbar·L / sec to blow for 10 seconds at the welding position, observing whether the data of the helium leak detector abnormally fluctuates, thereby detecting the sealing performance of the welding position of the rotating target material and the flange, and then detecting whether there are pores in the welding position of the rotating target material and the flange by visual inspection. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0063] Table 1 Abnormal results of the welding position

[0064] Group Sealing property Presence of air hole Example 1 Pass No air hole Example 2 Pass No air hole Example 3 Pass No air hole Comparative Example 1 Fail Air hole Comparative Example 2 Fail Air hole Comparative Example 3 Fail Air hole Comparative Example 4 Fail No air hole Comparative Example 5 Fail Air hole

[0065] Result analysis:

[0066] From Examples 1-3, it can be seen that the assembly method of interference fit, combined with three times of electron beam welding, can make the sealing of the welding position better and no pores are produced, effectively improving the welding effect.

[0067] From Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be seen that when gap fit tolerance or transition fit tolerance is used for processing, and then assembled, the sealing is poor, and pores are produced, the reason may be that: using gap fit or transition fit, the connection tightness of the flange and the rotating target material is weak, when electron beam welding is used, the assembly end of the flange is easy to produce thermal deformation, so that when the flange and the rotating target material are driven to rotate on the welding platform, the coaxiality between the flange and the rotating target material will decrease, and the relative sliding between the flange and the rotating target material may occur, thereby affecting the welding effect of the welding position.

[0068] From Examples 1 and Comparative Examples 3-4, it can be seen that when the electron beam current intensity of preheating welding, formal welding and finishing welding is less than the limited range, although the sealing is good, but pores are produced, the reason may be that: the intensity of the electron beam is small, which cannot make the produced pores float to the surface of the welding position and escape.

[0069] When the electron beam current intensity of preheating welding, formal welding and finishing welding is less than the limited range, although the sealing is poor, but no pores are produced, the reason may be that: the intensity of the electron beam is high, thereby causing the flange to produce a large thermal deformation, after the welding is completed, the thermal deformation causes the sealing of the flange and the rotating target material to be poor.

[0070] From Examples 1 and Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that when one-time welding is used, the gas will float on the surface and cannot be discharged, thereby producing pores on the surface of the welding position, and one-time welding is easy to cause thermal deformation of the assembly end of the flange, affecting the sealing of the welding position; while the three-time welding method gradually increases the welding depth, which can effectively prevent deformation, and multiple welding can make the gas gradually float to the surface and escape from the surface, avoiding pores.

[0071] In summary, by using interference fit combined with preheating welding, formal welding and finishing welding, deformation during and after welding can be avoided, the sealing can be improved, and the effective depth of welding and the production of pores after welding can be avoided, thereby improving the welding effect.

[0072] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments can be varied, modified, substituted and otherwise changed by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the application. It is therefore intended that this application not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the application will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for welding the assembly end of a rotating target flange, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Machin the assembly end of the rotating target and the assembly end of the flange according to the interference fit tolerance. After machining, install the assembly end of the flange on the assembly end of the rotating target to obtain the rotating target to be welded. Step 2: Electron beam welding is used to sequentially perform preheating welding, formal welding, and finishing welding on the rotating target to be welded; The electron beam current intensity for preheating welding is 40–60 mA, for formal welding it is 80–120 mA, and for finishing welding it is 50–70 mA.

2. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes step 3: machining the weld between the rotating target and the flange.

3. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 includes the following sub-steps: Step A1: The assembly end of the rotating target and the assembly end of the flange are machined according to the interference fit tolerance. Step A2: After processing, the assembly positions of the flange and the rotating target are ground, polished and cleaned in sequence; Step A3: After cleaning, the flange assembly end is installed on the rotating target assembly end using a press machine to obtain the rotating target to be welded.

4. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 3, characterized in that, The interference fit tolerance is H7 / p6, H7 / r6, or H7 / s6.

5. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step A2, polishing is performed using diamond sandpaper with a mesh size of 250 to 400. The specific polishing operation is as follows: use a 350-450 grit scouring pad for the first polishing, and then use a 750-850 grit scouring pad for the second polishing; Cleaning is performed using isopropanol or anhydrous ethanol with a concentration of 90–99.9%.

6. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the parameters for preheating welding are: accelerating voltage of 40-80V, focusing current of 1500-1700mA, filament current of 15-25A, and welding speed of 400-500mm / min.

7. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the parameters for the formal welding are: acceleration voltage of 40-80V, focusing current of 1500-1700mA, filament current of 15-25A, and welding speed of 400-500mm / min.

8. The welding method for the assembly end of the rotating target flange according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the parameters for the modification welding are: acceleration voltage of 40-80V, focusing current of 1500-1700mA, filament current of 15-25A, and welding speed of 400-500mm / min.