Fan tower tube welding cold crack sensitivity test method and welding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a fan tower tube welding cold crack sensitivity test method and a welding device. The method comprises the steps that a test piece is prepared, and the surface of the test piece is pretreated; respectively carrying out preheating or non-preheating treatment on the test piece; a test piece is placed through the welding device, and the test piece is welded at different environment temperatures; carrying out heat preservation or non-heat-preservation treatment on the welded test piece; and cutting a sample from the test piece, carrying out metallographic analysis on the sample, and checking whether cracks exist or not. By means of the method, whether the same test piece needs to be subjected to preheating and heat preservation procedures to prevent cold cracks at different environment temperatures or not can be tested, and therefore on the premise that it is guaranteed that welding products are qualified, machining steps can be effectively saved, and energy is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, and more particularly to a method for testing the sensitivity of cold cracking in wind turbine tower welding and a welding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Cold cracking in wind turbine tower welding refers to cracks caused by excessively rapid cooling during or after welding. Cold cracking is a common defect in welded parts, and it typically occurs in materials such as high-carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel.

[0003] In the existing technology, when processing a batch of workpieces, it is difficult to determine whether preheating and heat preservation are required. If preheating and heat preservation are used, it will result in a large amount of energy consumption. If preheating and heat preservation are not performed blindly, it may cause cold cracks in the welded parts.

[0004] Moreover, in the existing technology, when processing cylindrical workpieces such as the body of a fan, the existing welding support fixtures are difficult to effectively support the workpiece according to its length. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the existing technology cannot optimize the processing steps of welded parts, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for testing the sensitivity of cold cracking in the welding of wind turbine towers.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for testing the sensitivity of cold cracking in the welding of wind turbine towers, comprising,

[0008] Prepare test specimens and pretreat the surface of the test specimens;

[0009] The test pieces were either preheated or not preheated.

[0010] The test piece was placed using a welding device and welded at different ambient temperatures.

[0011] The welded test piece may or may not be insulated.

[0012] Samples are cut from the test piece and subjected to metallographic analysis to check for the presence of cracks.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the cold crack sensitivity test method for wind turbine tower welding described in this invention, the welding method used for welding the test piece includes single-pass welding, short-segment multi-layer welding, and long-short multi-layer welding.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the cold crack sensitivity test method for wind turbine tower welding described in this invention, the presence of cracks is determined by corroding the sample with chemical reagents and then inspecting the sample with optical instruments.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this method for testing the sensitivity of cold cracking in wind turbine tower welding are as follows: By using the above method, it is possible to test whether the same test piece needs to be preheated and kept warm under different ambient temperatures to prevent the occurrence of cold cracks. Thus, while ensuring the quality of the welded products, it is possible to effectively save processing steps and thus save energy.

[0016] In view of the problem that the existing technology is difficult to adapt to cylindrical welded parts of different lengths, the present invention is proposed.

[0017] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding apparatus for use in the above-mentioned test method for cold crack sensitivity of wind turbine tower welding, comprising,

[0018] The bottom beam mechanism includes a positioning beam and a movable beam slidably connected to the positioning beam;

[0019] The limiting and locking mechanism includes an actuating component on the moving beam, a guide component on the moving beam that can contact the positioning beam, and a locking component on the moving beam that can engage with the positioning beam.

[0020] Support rollers are provided on the moving beam and the positioning beam.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the welding device of the present invention, the positioning beam is further provided with a beam groove, and a wheel rail is provided on the inner side of the beam groove; the moving beam extends to the inner side of the beam groove, and a first roller group is provided at the end of the moving beam located on the inner side of the beam groove, and a second roller group is provided at the end of the moving beam extending to the outer side of the beam groove; the first roller group is movably located on the inner side of the wheel rail.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the welding apparatus of the present invention, the actuating component includes an actuating handle rotatably mounted on a moving beam and a pressing member slidably disposed on the moving beam and driven by the actuating handle; the guiding component includes a force-bearing column slidably disposed on the moving beam, a pressing ring fixed on the force-bearing column, a spring sleeved on the outside of the pressing ring and abutting against the pressing ring, and a guide wheel disposed at the end of the force-bearing column; the locking component includes a cross frame fixed on the moving beam, a through block penetrating the cross frame, a synchronizing rod disposed on the through block, and a locking tooth disposed on the synchronizing rod; the positioning beam has a linearly arranged positioning groove, and the locking tooth can enter the inner side of the positioning groove.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the welding apparatus of the present invention, the extrusion member has a through groove, one side of the extrusion member has an extending protrusion, both sides of the extending protrusion are horizontal pushing surfaces, and the upper side of the extending protrusion is an upward pushing surface; the lever passes through the extrusion member via the through groove.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the welding apparatus of the present invention, the extrusion member further comprises a slidingly connected pin; and the moving beam is provided with a pin hole into which the pin can be inserted.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the welding apparatus of the present invention, a welding heat preservation device is further provided on the bottom beam mechanism. The welding heat preservation device is composed of multiple lifting torches, and the lifting torches include...

[0026] The base includes a base, a limiting frame mounted on the base, and a connecting beam fixed between the base and the limiting frame;

[0027] A blowtorch mechanism; comprising a lamp holder slidably mounted on the limiting frame, a lamp body mounted on the lamp holder, and a positioning component provided on the lamp holder capable of engaging with the limiting frame; and,

[0028] The adjustment mechanism includes a rotating component rotatably connected to the connecting beam, a contact fork connected to the rotating component, and a gripping component connected to the rotating component;

[0029] The contact fork engages with the positioning component.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the welding device of the present invention, a connecting mechanism is provided on the connecting beam of the lifting torch, and multiple lifting torches are connected to each other through the connecting mechanism.

[0031] The relative positions of the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted by a connecting mechanism, and the height difference of the torch mechanisms in the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted by an adjusting mechanism.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this welding device are: by moving the moving beam relative to the positioning beam, the distance between the moving beam and the positioning beam can be changed, thus making this device suitable for cylindrical workpieces of different lengths. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the welding device described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure described in this invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting and locking mechanism described in this invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion component structure described in this invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting torch structure described in this invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a side view of the lifting torch described in this invention.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting torch structure described in this invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the welding heat preservation device structure described in this invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism described in this invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure described in this invention.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection mechanism described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0049] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] This embodiment provides a method for testing the sensitivity of cold cracking in the welding of wind turbine towers, characterized by: including,

[0052] S1. Prepare the test specimen and pretreat the surface of the test specimen;

[0053] The surface of the test specimen is pretreated by arranging longitudinal ribs on the upper surface of the test plate and transverse ribs on the lower surface of the test plate, and then shot blasting is performed on the surface of the test specimen.

[0054] S2. Preheat the test pieces or not preheat them respectively;

[0055] Before welding, the test pieces were divided into two groups: one group of test pieces that had undergone preheating treatment and the other group of test pieces that had not undergone preheating treatment. The preheating treatment was to increase the temperature of the welding parts of the test pieces during welding.

[0056] S3. The test piece is placed using a welding device and welded at different ambient temperatures;

[0057] The welding methods used to weld the test pieces include single-pass welding, short-segment multi-layer welding, and long-segment multi-layer welding. Welding the test pieces at different ambient temperatures is to test whether cold cracks occur in the test pieces under different ambient temperatures.

[0058] The different ambient temperatures are below 5°C and above 5°C. In this embodiment, the two ambient temperatures are preferably 3°C and 10°C.

[0059] S4. Insulate or not insulate the welded test piece;

[0060] The heat preservation treatment involves continuing to heat the welded test piece to slow down its cooling rate. After this step, at least four control groups are maintained at each ambient temperature:

[0061] The first type: test pieces that were not preheated and were not kept warm after welding;

[0062] The second type: test pieces that were not preheated and were kept warm after welding;

[0063] The third type: test pieces that have been preheated but not heat-insulated after welding;

[0064] The fourth type: test pieces that have been preheated and kept warm after welding.

[0065] S5. Cut a sample from the test piece and perform metallographic analysis on the sample to check for the presence of cracks.

[0066] During testing, metallographic analysis samples were cut longitudinally and laterally using a sawing method. During sawing, 20 mm was discarded at both ends of the weld length direction. Then, longitudinal macroscopic metallographic samples were cut at 200 mm intervals. A 20 mm gap was reserved between each adjacent longitudinal macroscopic sample as a transverse macroscopic metallographic sample. The width of all longitudinal and transverse macroscopic metallographic samples was 20 mm from the weld edge to both sides. Metallographic and hardness samples, tensile samples, impact samples, and tensile samples were cut sequentially within a 200 mm length range from the center of the weld length direction. The transverse width of the samples was 200 mm. After etching with 4% nitric acid alcohol, the cross-section and cross-sectional cracks were inspected using optical instruments.

[0067] The above method can be used to test whether the same test piece needs to be preheated and kept warm under different ambient temperatures to prevent cold cracking. This can effectively save processing steps and thus save energy while ensuring the quality of the welded products.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: when welding some cylindrical workpieces, special support devices are required to support them. This embodiment proposes a welding device for the cold crack sensitivity test method of wind turbine tower welding in Embodiment 1, including a bottom beam mechanism 100, including a positioning beam 101 and a moving beam 102 slidably connected to the positioning beam 101; by moving the moving beam 102 relative to the positioning beam 101, the distance between the moving beam 102 and the positioning beam 101 can be changed, thereby making this device suitable for cylindrical workpieces of different lengths.

[0070] The welding device also includes a limiting and locking mechanism 200, which includes a lever component 201 on the moving beam 102, a guide component 202 on the moving beam 102 that can contact the positioning beam 101, and a locking component 203 on the moving beam 102 that can engage with the positioning beam 101.

[0071] By actuating component 201, guide component 202 and locking component 203 can be driven. When actuating component 201 drives guide component 202 and locking component 203, guide component 202 and positioning beam 101 abut against each other, achieving a guiding effect when moving beam 102 moves. Locking component 203 and positioning beam 101 separate, thereby allowing moving beam 102 to move relative to positioning beam 101, increasing or decreasing the distance between them.

[0072] The welding device also includes support rollers 300, which are mounted on the moving beam 102 and the positioning beam 101. Two support rollers 300 are installed on both the moving beam 102 and the positioning beam 101. The four support rollers 300 can effectively support the cylindrical workpiece.

[0073] Furthermore, the positioning beam 101 is also provided with a beam groove 101a, and a wheel rail 101b is provided on the inner side of the beam groove 101a; the moving beam 102 extends to the inner side of the beam groove 101a, and a first roller group 102a is provided at the end of the moving beam 102 located on the inner side of the beam groove 101a, and a second roller group 102b is provided at the end of the moving beam 102 extending to the outer side of the beam groove 101a; the first roller group 102a is movably located on the inner side of the wheel rail 101b.

[0074] The positioning beam 101 is U-shaped, and the moving beam 102 is also U-shaped. Both ends of the moving beam 102 extend to the inner side of the beam grooves 101a opened at both ends of the positioning beam 101. When the moving beam 102 moves, the first roller group 102a moves inside the wheel rail 101b, and the second roller group 102b moves on the ground.

[0075] Furthermore, the lever component 201 includes a lever handle 201a rotatably mounted on the moving beam 102, and a pressing member 201b slidably disposed on the moving beam 102 and driven by the lever handle 201a; when the lever handle 201a swings in the first direction, it can push the pressing member 201b to move in the first direction, and when the pressing member 201b moves in the first direction, it can drive the guide component 202 and the locking component 203.

[0076] The first direction is the movement towards the guide component 202 and the snap-fit ​​component 203.

[0077] The guide component 202 includes a force-bearing column 202a slidably disposed on the moving beam 102, a pressing ring 202b fixed on the force-bearing column 202a, a spring member 202c sleeved on the outside of the pressing ring 202b and in contact with the pressing ring 202b, and a guide wheel 202d disposed at the end of the force-bearing column 202a. The force-bearing column 202a passes through the moving beam 102, and the guide wheel 202d is rotatably mounted on the end of the force-bearing column 202a near the positioning beam 101. When the end of the force-bearing column 202a away from the guide wheel 202d is compressed, the force-bearing column 202a moves toward the positioning beam 101, causing the pressing ring 202b to squeeze the spring member 202c, thereby deforming the spring member 202c, and the guide wheel 202d moves toward the positioning beam 101 and in contact with the positioning beam 101.

[0078] The locking component 203 includes a cross frame 203a fixed to the moving beam 102, a through block 203b passing through the cross frame 203a, a synchronizing rod 203c provided on the through block 203b, and a locking tooth 203d provided on the synchronizing rod 203c. When the through block 203b moves upward, it will push the synchronizing rod 203c to move upward. When the synchronizing rod 203c moves upward, it will push the locking tooth 203d to move upward and disengage from the positioning beam 101.

[0079] The positioning beam 101 has positioning grooves arranged in a straight line, and the locking teeth 203d can enter the inner side of the positioning grooves.

[0080] When the locking tooth 203d moves downward, it enters the inner side of the positioning groove, thereby locking the positioning beam 101 and the moving beam 102. When the locking tooth 203d moves upward, it disengages from the inner side of the positioning groove, and the positioning beam 101 and the moving beam 102 are unlocked.

[0081] Furthermore, the extrusion member 201b has a through groove 201b-1, and one side of the extrusion member 201b has an extension protrusion 201b-2. The two sides of the extension protrusion 201b-2 are transverse push surfaces 201b-3, and the upper side of the extension protrusion 201b-2 is an upward push surface 201b-4. The lever 201a passes through the extrusion member 201b through the through groove 201b-1.

[0082] When the handle 201a is swung in the first direction, it can push the pressing component 201b to move in the first direction. During this process, the horizontal pushing surface 201b-3 pushes the force-bearing column 202a, causing the two force-bearing columns 202a to move away from each other and move towards the positioning beam 101, thereby causing the guide wheel 202d and the positioning beam 101 to come into contact.

[0083] During this process, the upward pushing surface 201b-4 will squeeze the through block 203b, thereby pushing the through block 203b to move upward and pushing the synchronizing rod 203c to move upward. When the synchronizing rod 203c moves upward, it will push the locking tooth 203d to move upward and disengage from the positioning beam 101, thereby releasing the lock. At this time, the moving beam 102 and the positioning beam 101 are unlocked, and the distance between the moving beam 102 and the positioning beam 101 can be adjusted, so that the distance between the two support rollers 300 on the moving beam 102 and the two support rollers 300 on the positioning beam 101 can be adjusted, thereby supporting cylindrical workpieces of different lengths for welding.

[0084] Furthermore, the extrusion member 201b also has a slidingly connected pin 201b-5; the moving beam 102 has a pin hole 101c into which the pin 201b-5 can be inserted.

[0085] When the pressing member 201b moves in the first direction and pushes the guide member 202 and the snap-fit ​​member 203, the position of the pin 201b-5 can correspond to the pin hole 101c, and the pin 201b-5 can be inserted into the inside of the pin hole 101c, thereby completing the positioning of the pressing member 201b.

[0086] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] Reference Figures 6 to 12 This embodiment differs from the previous embodiments in that: a welding heat preservation device G is also provided on the bottom beam mechanism 100. The welding heat preservation device G is composed of multiple lifting torches. The lifting torch includes a base 400, which includes a base 401, a limiting frame 402 installed on the base 401, and a connecting beam 403 fixed between the base 401 and the limiting frame 402. The base 401 is the bottom of the entire lifting torch. The purpose of the limiting frame 402 is to provide installation space for the torch mechanism 500. The connecting beam 403 connects the top of the base 401 and the limiting frame 402, thereby improving the stability of the entire lifting torch.

[0089] The lifting blowtorch includes a blowtorch mechanism 500, comprising a lamp holder 501 slidably mounted on a limiting frame 402, a lamp body 502 mounted on the lamp holder 501, and a positioning component 503 on the lamp holder 501 that can engage with the limiting frame 402. The lamp holder 501 can slide up and down on the limiting frame 402, thereby raising the position of the lamp body 502 and adjusting its height. When spraying flames onto an object above, adjusting the height of the lamp body 502 allows it to move closer to or further away from the object, enabling it to heat the object at a suitable heating distance. After adjustment, the positioning component 503 positions the lamp body 502. The lamp body 502 is connected to an external gas pipeline, which supplies fuel to the lamp body 502.

[0090] The lifting torch includes an adjustment mechanism 600, which includes a rotating component 601 rotatably connected to the connecting beam 403, a contact fork 602 connected to the rotating component 601, and a gripping component 603 connected to the rotating component 601; the contact fork 602 is engaged with the positioning component 503.

[0091] The gripping component 603 can push the rotating component 601 to rotate. When the rotating component 601 rotates, it can drive the contact fork 602 to rotate. At the beginning of the rotation, the contact fork 602 can release the positioning, so that the torch mechanism 500 is no longer positioned on the limit frame 402. As the contact fork 602 rotates, it can push the torch mechanism 500 to rise and fall on the limit frame 402.

[0092] Specifically, the limiting frame 402 is provided with a guide rail 402a, and the limiting frame 402 is also provided with a slot 402b arranged in a straight line along the guide rail 402a; the positioning component 503 includes an extension rod 503a, which is fixed to the lamp holder 501 and its end extends to the inner side of the guide rail 402a; an inner shaft 503b, which is fixed to the extension rod 503a; an elastic member 503c, which is sleeved on the outer side of the inner shaft 503b; and a locking head 503d, which is sleeved on the outer side of the extension rod 503a and abuts against the elastic member 503c.

[0093] The guide rail 402a extends vertically, and the slots 402b are arranged in a straight line along the guide rail 402a. During the movement of the torch mechanism 500, the end of the extension rod 503a is located inside the guide rail 402a and moves inside the guide rail 402a, thereby playing a guiding role, so that the entire torch mechanism 500 rises and falls along the guide rail 402a. In the natural state, the elastic element 503c pushes the locking head 503d, so that the locking head 503d and the slot 402b are engaged, thereby preventing the torch mechanism 500 from moving. When the contact fork 602 rotates, it abuts against the locking head 503d, so that the locking head 503d disengages from the slot 402b, thereby allowing the entire torch mechanism 500 to move. Then, the contact fork 602 continues to rotate, which can push the torch mechanism 500 to rise and fall.

[0094] Furthermore, the contact fork 602 includes a fork body 602a connected to the rotating component 601; a fork head 602b fixed to the end of the fork body 602a away from the rotating component 601; a fork opening 602c formed on the fork head 602b, with the inner sidewall of the fork opening 602c having a contact surface; the locking head 503d includes a sleeve portion 503d-1 sleeved on the outside of the extension rod 503a and abutting against the elastic member 503c; a tapered portion 503d-2 connected to the sleeve portion 503d-1; and a locking block portion 503d-3 fixed to the tapered portion 503d-2; the elastic member 503c can push the locking block portion 503d-3 into the inner side of the slot 402b, and when the fork head 602b abuts against the tapered portion 503d-2, the locking block portion 503d-3 disengages from the inner side of the slot 402b.

[0095] The fork 602c is U-shaped, and the locking head 503d is located inside the fork 602c. When the rotating part 601 does not rotate, the fork 602c does not press the locking head 503d. The locking block part 503d-3 of the locking head 503d is inserted into the inside of the slot 402b, thereby supporting the entire torch mechanism 500. At this time, the elastic member 503c applies pressure to the sleeve part 503d-1, so that the locking block part 503d-3 will not disengage from the inside of the slot 402b.

[0096] The outer side of the inclined cone portion 503d-2 has a conical surface, and the mating surface of the fork 602c can press the conical surface of the inclined cone portion 503d-2. Therefore, when it is necessary to push the entire torch mechanism 500 to rotate, the fork body 602a can be rotated by the rotating component 601. The conical surface of the fork 602c presses the conical surface of the inclined cone portion 503d-2, so that the inclined cone portion 503d-2 obtains a thrust away from the slot 402b. At this time, the inclined cone portion 503d-2 drives the locking block portion 503d-3 to disengage from the inside of the slot 402b.

[0097] During this process, the sleeve part 503d-1 moves away from the slot 402b and presses the elastic member 503c. During the process of raising the torch mechanism 500, after the overall height of the torch mechanism 500 is adjusted, the gripping part 603 is released, so that the squeezing force of the fork 602c on the tapered part 503d-2 disappears. At this time, the elastic member 503c pushes the sleeve part 503d-1, so that the tapered part 503d-2 pushes the locking block part 503d-3 to move towards the slot 402b until the locking block part 503d-3 is inserted into the inside of the slot 402b, thereby achieving the effect of positioning the torch mechanism 500.

[0098] When the position of the blowtorch mechanism 500 needs to be lowered, the rotating component 601 can be rotated to make the fork press down on the inclined cone 503d-2. During the process of the inclined cone 503d-2 being pressed, the locking block 503d-3 disengages from the inside of the slot 402b, thereby allowing the blowtorch mechanism 500 as a whole to move downward.

[0099] Furthermore, the limiting frame 402 includes a frame base 402c fixed on the base 401, a support beam 402d installed on the frame base 402c, and a top plate 402e installed on the top of the support beam 402d; the guide rail 402a and the slot 402b are both formed on the support beam 402d.

[0100] A through hole is provided on the top plate 402e to facilitate the lamp body 502 to pass through the top plate 402e. The size of the through hole is adapted to the outer diameter of the lamp body 502. There are two support beams 402d. The guide rail 402a and the slot 402b are provided on the side of the two support beams 402d that are close to each other.

[0101] Furthermore, both sides of the lamp holder 501 are provided with positioning components 503, and the adjustment mechanism 600 has two contact forks 602 respectively corresponding to the positioning components 503; the gripping component 603 includes a synchronization frame 603a connecting the two contact forks 602, and a grip 603d mounted on the synchronization frame 603a.

[0102] The handle 603d can drive the rotating part 601 to rotate. When the handle 603d is pressed down, the fork head 602b of the contact fork 602 rotates upward. During this process, the blowtorch mechanism 500 can be raised. When the handle 603d is pushed upward, the fork head 602b of the contact fork 602 rotates downward. During this process, the blowtorch mechanism 500 can be lowered.

[0103] The present invention also proposes a welding heat preservation device G, which is composed of multiple lifting torches as described in Embodiment 1; a connecting mechanism 700 is provided on the connecting beam 403 of the lifting torches, and the multiple lifting torches are connected to each other through the connecting mechanism 700; the relative positions of the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted through the connecting mechanism 700, and the height difference of the torch mechanism 500 in the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism 600.

[0104] When welding steel items, such as wind turbine towers, in order to reduce the problem of cold cracking caused by the rapid temperature drop of the welded area after welding, a blowtorch is used to heat the welded area after welding to slow down the cooling rate.

[0105] During tower welding, there are generally three weld shapes, as follows:

[0106] The first type is the horizontal longitudinal seam, which is parallel to the axis of the tower and is generally a straight line.

[0107] The second type is the circumferential arc type, which is generally on the outer arc wall of the tower cylinder, and is concentric with the tower cylinder as a whole.

[0108] The last type is the concave-convex type of the door frame, which is located at the door frame of the tower and is generally a rectangular weld or an elliptical weld.

[0109] To adapt the position of the torch mechanism 500 to these three weld shapes, multiple lifting torches can be arranged in a straight line to correspond to the horizontal weld shape of the longitudinal seam. By adjusting the position of the multiple lifting torches through the connecting mechanism 700, the multiple lifting torches can form a rectangular or elliptical distribution to adapt to the concave-convex door frame. By arranging the multiple lifting torches in a straight line and then adjusting the height of the torch mechanism 500, the multiple torch mechanisms 500 can form an arc distribution to adapt to the arc-shaped circumferential seam. The welding insulation device G formed by multiple lifting torches can heat and insulate various welds of the wind turbine tower accordingly. This welding insulation device G has high adaptability.

[0110] Specifically, the base 400 has two connecting beams 403, one of which has a groove 403a, and a fixed shaft 403b is fixed inside the groove 403a. The connecting mechanism 700 is mounted on the other connecting beam 403. The connecting mechanism 700 includes a connecting rod 701 connected to the connecting beam 403, and a connecting ring 702 located at the end of the connecting rod 701 away from the connecting beam 403. The connecting ring 702 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed shaft 403b of the adjacent lifting torch.

[0111] The lifting torch and the adjacent lifting torch are connected by a connecting rod 701, a connecting ring 702, and a fixed shaft 403b, so that the relative position between the adjacent lifting torches can be adjusted. This adjustment method is mainly to be applicable to the concave and convex elliptical or rectangular weld seams of the door frame.

[0112] The rotating component 601 includes a rotating ring 601a rotatably mounted on the connecting beam 403, and an abutting body 601b provided on the rotating ring 601a; a through groove 702a is provided on the connecting ring 702; when the positions of the connecting mechanisms 700 on adjacent lifting torches correspond, the position of the abutting body 601b on one of the lifting torches corresponds to the position of the through groove 702a on the adjacent lifting torch.

[0113] A convex shaft is fixed on the connecting beam 403, and the rotating ring 601a is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the convex shaft.

[0114] There are two through slots 702a. The distance between the two through slots 702a is equal to the distance between the two abutting bodies 601b on the two rotating rings 601a. ​​The abutting body 601b is an arc-shaped structure. The abutting body 601b and the rotating ring 601a are concentric, and the radius is larger than that of the rotating ring 601a. ​​In this embodiment, the abutting body 601b will not enter the inner side of the through slot 702a in its natural state. When multiple lifting torches are not arranged in a straight line, the position of the abutting body 601b on the lifting torch and the position of the through slot 702a will be misaligned. At this time, if the gripping component 603 is pressed down, the abutting body 601b will directly abut the top of the connecting ring 702, and the gripping component 603 will not be able to press down to drive the rotating ring 601a to rotate.

[0115] Only when multiple lifting torches are arranged in a straight line will the through groove 702a on the connecting ring 702 rotate to the position corresponding to the contact body 601b. At this time, pressing down on the gripping part 603 will drive the rotating ring 601a to rotate, and the contact fork 602 will be able to lift the entire torch mechanism 500 upward. During this process, the contact body 601b enters the inside of the through groove 702a and passes through the rotating ring 601a from the through groove 702a.

[0116] The above technical solution achieves two effects:

[0117] First, only when multiple lifting torches are arranged in a straight line can the torch mechanism 500 be raised, which can avoid the problem that the multiple lifting torches are arranged in a bent manner, causing the multiple torch mechanisms 500 to not form an arc-shaped distribution.

[0118] Secondly, when the contact body 601b enters the inner side of the through groove 702a, it locks the connecting ring 702, preventing misalignment between multiple lifting torches caused by vibration during torch operation.

[0119] In order to position the relative positions of multiple lifting torches after the lifting torch position is adjusted, the connecting ring 702 is provided with an angle positioning groove group 702b; the contact body 601b is also provided with an angle positioning tooth 601c.

[0120] When the contact body 601b is in the initial position, the angle positioning tooth 601c will enter the inner side of the angle positioning groove group 702b, thereby positioning the relative position between multiple lifting torches and avoiding the problem of misalignment between multiple lifting torches due to working vibration. When it is necessary to adjust the relative position between multiple lifting torches, simply push the holding part 603 upward a small distance. At this time, the rotating ring 601a will drive the contact body 601b and then drive the angle positioning tooth 601c to disengage from the inner side of the angle positioning groove group 702b, and the relative position between multiple lifting torches can be adjusted.

[0121] Specifically, the angle positioning groove group 702b is composed of multiple distributed toothed grooves 702b-1 around the circumference. The angle positioning groove group 702b and the corresponding position of the through groove 702a are provided with corresponding grooves 702b-2, and the corresponding grooves 702b-2 pass through the connecting ring 702.

[0122] When the position of the contact body 601b corresponds to the position of the through groove 702a, the position of the angle positioning tooth 601c corresponds to the position of the corresponding groove 702b-2. At this time, when the gripping mechanism is pressed down, the contact body 601b passes through the connecting ring 702 from the through groove 702a, and the angle positioning tooth 601c passes through the connecting ring 702 from the corresponding groove 702b-2. Therefore, the problem of the gripping part 603 being unable to be pressed is avoided because the angle positioning tooth 601c and the connecting ring 702 are in contact.

[0123] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0124] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0125] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0126] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the sensitivity of wind turbine tower welding to cold cracking, characterized in that: include, Prepare test specimens and pretreat the surface of the test specimens; The test pieces were either preheated or not preheated. The test piece was placed using a welding device and welded at different ambient temperatures. The welded test piece may or may not be insulated. Samples are cut from the test piece and subjected to metallographic analysis to check for the presence of cracks.

2. The method for testing the sensitivity of wind turbine tower welding to cold cracking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The welding methods used to weld the test pieces include single-pass welding, short-segment multi-layer welding, and long-short multi-layer welding.

3. The method for testing the sensitivity of wind turbine tower welding to cold cracking as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The test for the presence of cracks involves corroding the sample with chemical reagents and then examining the sample using optical instruments.

4. A welding apparatus for use in the cold crack sensitivity test method for wind turbine tower welding as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: include, The bottom beam mechanism (100) includes a positioning beam (101) and a movable beam (102) slidably connected to the positioning beam (101); The limiting locking mechanism (200) includes an actuating component (201) disposed on the moving beam (102), a guide component (202) disposed on the moving beam (102) that can contact the positioning beam (101), and a locking component (203) disposed on the moving beam (102) that can engage with the positioning beam (101). Support rollers (300) are provided on the moving beam (102) and the positioning beam (101).

5. The welding apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning beam (101) is also provided with a beam groove (101a), and a wheel rail (101b) is provided on the inner side of the beam groove (101a); The movable beam (102) extends to the inner side of the beam groove (101a), and a first roller group (102a) is provided at the end of the movable beam (102) located inside the beam groove (101a), and a second roller group (102b) is provided at the end of the movable beam (102) extending to the outer side of the beam groove (101a). The first roller assembly (102a) is movably positioned inside the wheel rail (101b).

6. The welding apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lever component (201) includes a lever handle (201a) rotatably mounted on the movable beam (102) and a pressing member (201b) slidably disposed on the movable beam (102) and driven by the lever handle (201a); The guide component (202) includes a force-bearing column (202a) slidably disposed on the movable beam (102), a pressing ring (202b) fixed on the force-bearing column (202a), a spring (202c) sleeved on the outside of the pressing ring (202b) and in contact with the pressing ring (202b), and a guide wheel (202d) disposed at the end of the force-bearing column (202a); The snap-fit ​​component (203) includes a cross frame (203a) fixed to the movable beam (102), a through block (203b) penetrating the cross frame (203a), a synchronizing rod (203c) provided on the through block (203b), and a locking tooth (203d) provided on the synchronizing rod (203c); The positioning beam (101) has a linearly arranged positioning groove, and the locking tooth (203d) can enter the inner side of the positioning groove.

7. The welding apparatus as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The extrusion member (201b) has a through groove (201b-1), and one side of the extrusion member (201b) has an extension protrusion (201b-2). The two sides of the extension protrusion (201b-2) are transverse pushing surfaces (201b-3), and the upper side of the extension protrusion (201b-2) is an upward pushing surface (201b-4). The lever handle (201a) passes through the pressing member (201b) via a through groove (201b-1).

8. The welding apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The extrusion member (201b) also has a slidingly connected pin (201b-5); The movable beam (102) has a pin hole (101c) into which a pin (201b-5) can be inserted.

9. The welding apparatus as described in claim 4 or 8, characterized in that: The bottom beam mechanism (100) is also equipped with a welding heat preservation device (G), which is composed of multiple lifting torches, the lifting torches including, The base (400) includes a base (401), a limiting frame (402) mounted on the base (401), and a connecting beam (403) fixed between the base (401) and the limiting frame (402); The torch mechanism (500) includes a lamp holder (501) slidably mounted on the limiting frame (402), a lamp body (502) mounted on the lamp holder (501), and a positioning component (503) provided on the lamp holder (501) that can engage with the limiting frame (402); and, The adjustment mechanism (600) includes a rotating component (601) rotatably connected to the connecting beam (403), a contact fork (602) connected to the rotating component (601), and a gripping component (603) connected to the rotating component (601). The contact fork (602) is engaged with the positioning component (503).

10. The welding apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that: A connecting mechanism (700) is provided on the connecting beam (403) of the lifting torch, and multiple lifting torches are connected to each other through the connecting mechanism (700); The relative positions of the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted by the connecting mechanism (700), and the height difference of the torch mechanism (500) in the multiple lifting torches can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism (600).

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