Inverted machining process for differential shell

Abstract

The invention discloses an inverted machining process for a differential shell, which belongs to the technical field of differential shell machining and comprises the following steps of: performing primary machining operation on two ends of the differential shell along the axis direction of a rotating body of the differential shell; the two ends of the differential shell are the first end facing the tail of an automobile and the second end facing the head of the automobile when the differential shell is installed on the automobile. The first end of the primarily-machined differential shell is kept in the vertical upward direction, and finish machining operation is conducted on the inner diameter and the inner cavity spherical surface of the clamped differential shell through a numerical control machine tool with a clamping jaw clamping mechanism; keeping the first end of the differential shell subjected to finish machining in a vertically upward direction, and positioning the differential shell in an inverted manner through a numerical control machine tool with an up-down coaxial positioning function; carrying out finish machining operation on the outer diameter of the positioned differential shell, a pin hole and a plug pin hole; the influence of scrap iron is reduced while inverted positioning of the differential shell is stable, and high-precision and high-efficiency machining of the differential shell is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the differential housing processing technical field, specifically to a differential housing inverted processing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] The differential housing is a key part in the automobile steering mechanism, and in the traditional differential housing processing, the following processing technology is used: 1. The outer diameter and the end face of the installation surface are processed by the numerical control lathe; 2. The other end outer diameter and the end face are processed by the numerical control lathe; 3. The inner diameter is semi-finished and finished by the numerical control lathe; 4. The outer diameter is semi-finished and finished by the numerical control lathe; 5. The pin hole and the plug hole are processed by the machining center; 6. The inner cavity spherical surface is processed by the spherical special machine. This special line processing has long process, occupies many devices, has many special clamps, and the intermediate connection uses non-standard automatic equipment, which is complex. There are many internal control items in each process, and many measuring tools are needed, which cannot meet the fast switching and fast sample changing market demand. At the same time, the product is processed on the device in the horizontal type, causing iron filings to splash, and the iron filings are easy to enter the positioning mechanism of the product, affecting the positioning reference, and thus the product precision cannot meet the standard. Therefore, it is necessary to design a differential housing inverted processing technology. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to the differential housing processing technical field, specifically to a differential housing inverted processing technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a differential housing inverted processing technology, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step one, initial machining operation is performed on both ends of the differential housing along the rotation body axis direction of the differential housing, the two ends of the differential housing are the first end facing the tail of the automobile and the second end facing the head of the automobile when it is installed on the automobile;

[0006] Step two, the initially machined differential housing is kept in the vertical upward direction of the first end, is grabbed and moved to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the claw clamping mechanism by the mechanical hand, the first end is connected with the claw clamping mechanism located above, and the differential housing is clamped after the mechanical hand is released, and the inner diameter and the inner cavity spherical surface of the differential housing are finished;

[0007] Step three, keep the finished differential housing in the first end vertical upward direction, grab and move to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the coaxial positioning function by the mechanical hand, operate the first end to connect with the expansion pin positioning mechanism located above, and after the mechanical hand is released, drive the expansion pin positioning mechanism to move down, so that the second end of the differential housing vertically downward is in close contact with the limiting mechanism located below, realizing the inverted positioning of the differential housing;

[0008] Step four, finish machining operation is carried out on the outer diameter, pin hole and expansion pin hole of the positioned differential housing.

[0009] In further embodiments, the expansion pin positioning mechanism includes a spindle connecting mechanism and an expansion pin tensioning mechanism fixed at the bottom of the spindle connecting mechanism, the spindle connecting mechanism is connected with the output end of the numerical control machine tool with the coaxial positioning function, and the expansion pin tensioning mechanism is used for positioning the first end of the differential housing.

[0010] In further embodiments, the spindle connecting mechanism includes a pull rod one, a pull rod two connected with the pull rod one, and a spindle sleeved outside the pull rod one and the pull rod two, a flange one is installed on the outside of the spindle through a fixed screw, and the top end of the pull rod one is connected with the output end of the numerical control machine tool with the coaxial positioning function.

[0011] In further embodiments, the expansion pin tensioning mechanism includes a center tip connected with the bottom end of the pull rod two, a reference part one is fixed on the center tip, an installation groove is formed between the reference part one and the center tip, and a semi-universal expansion pin is arranged in the installation groove.

[0012] In further embodiments, the limiting mechanism includes a lower fixed base arranged below the center tip and vertically coaxially arranged with the center tip, a universal top cone is fixed on the top of the lower fixed base, and the universal top cone includes a fixed part fixed on the top of the lower fixed base and a cone top part detachably connected on the top of the fixed part.

[0013] In further embodiments, the claw clamping mechanism includes an upper base connected with the numerical control machine tool through a flange two, a pull rod three is arranged in the upper base, and a claw is installed on the bottom of the upper base through a reference part two.

[0014] In further embodiments, the semi-universal expansion pin includes a clamping part and a fitting part, a boss matched with the clamping part is arranged in the installation groove, and the fitting part is fitted with the surface of the center tip.

[0015] In further embodiments, the expansion and contraction range of the semi-universal expansion pin is ±0.5mm.

[0016] In further embodiments, the differential housing inner diameter hole is provided with a chamfer, and the top of the taper is provided with a slope with the same angle as the chamfer.

[0017] In further embodiments, the chamfer is 60° or 90°.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: the two ends of the differential housing are initially machined along the rotational body axis direction of the differential housing, the two ends of the differential housing are the first end facing the tail of the vehicle and the second end facing the head of the vehicle when the differential housing is installed on the vehicle, the initially machined differential housing is kept in the vertical upward direction of the first end, is grabbed and moved to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the claw clamping mechanism by the mechanical hand, the first end is connected with the claw clamping mechanism located above, the differential housing is clamped, the inner diameter and the inner cavity spherical surface of the clamped differential housing are finely machined, the first end is clamped by the claw, the shaking caused by the dynamic balance of the differential housing product is reduced, the iron filings in the machining process are not easy to enter the claw and the reference part, the differential housing is stably positioned, the machining precision is ensured, the finely machined differential housing is kept in the vertical upward direction of the first end, is grabbed and moved to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the up-down coaxial positioning function by the mechanical hand, the first end is connected with the expansion pin positioning mechanism located above, the mechanical hand is released, the expansion pin positioning mechanism is driven to move downward, the second end of the differential housing vertically downward is abutted against the limiting mechanism located below, the differential housing is positioned in an inverted manner, the outer diameter, the pin hole and the expansion pin hole of the positioned differential housing are finely machined, the differential housing is placed in an inverted manner between the expansion pin positioning mechanism and the limiting mechanism, the iron filings in the machining process are not easy to enter the semi-universal expansion pin, the positioning reference is not affected, the differential housing is stably positioned, the machining precision is ensured, and high-precision and high-efficiency machining of the differential housing is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is the differential housing clamping structure schematic diagram of the claw clamping mechanism of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is the differential housing inverted positioning structure schematic diagram of the expansion pin positioning mechanism and the universal top taper of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is the expansion pin positioning mechanism structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is the expansion pin positioning mechanism exploded view of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a general top cone structure diagram of the 90° cone top of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a general top cone structure diagram of the 60° cone top of the present application;

[0026] The figure is as follows: pull rod one 1, pull rod two 2, main shaft 3, fixing screw 4, flange one 5, expansion pin positioning mechanism 6, lower fixing base 7, fixed part 8, cone top 9, center 10, reference part one 11, semi-universal expansion pin 12, upper base 13, flange two 14, pull rod three 15, clamping jaw 16, reference part two 17, mounting groove 18, clamping part 19, abutting part 20, boss 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-7 The present application provides a technical solution: a differential housing inverted processing technology, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step one, initial machining operation is performed on the two ends of the differential housing along the axis direction of the differential housing, the two ends of the differential housing are the first end facing the tail of the automobile and the second end facing the head of the automobile when the differential housing is installed on the automobile, wherein the differential housing is a rotating body structure, the first end and the second end correspond to the two ends of the axis of the rotating body, the cross section of the first end is larger than the cross section of the second end, and the cross section of the second end gradually increases towards the cross section of the first end. When the differential housing is machined, the differential housing is placed upside down, the expansion pin positioning mechanism is above the differential housing, the iron filings fall from top to bottom and are not easy to enter the mounting groove 18, and the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is not easy to affect the expansion positioning. At the same time, the first end is provided with a through hole one matched with the expansion pin positioning mechanism, that is, the semi-universal expansion pin 12 and the center 10 are matched with the through hole one, the second end is provided with a through hole two matched with the limiting mechanism, that is, the cone top 9 is matched with the through hole two, and the second end is internally provided with an inclined surface matched with the through hole two, which facilitates guiding the iron filings inside the differential housing to the through hole two. Since the cross section of the second end gradually increases towards the cross section of the first end, the iron filings inside the differential housing positioned upside down are discharged through the through hole two of the second end, which does not affect the subsequent machining of the differential housing.

[0030] Step two, keep the first end of the differential housing vertically upward, grab and move to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the jaw clamping mechanism by the mechanical hand, operate the first end to connect with the jaw clamping mechanism above, and then release the mechanical hand. The inner diameter and inner cavity spherical surface of the clamped differential housing are precisely machined;

[0031] Step three, keep the first end of the differential housing vertically upward, grab and move to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the coaxial positioning function by the mechanical hand, operate the first end to connect with the expansion pin positioning mechanism above, and then release the mechanical hand. By driving the expansion pin positioning mechanism to move downward, the second end of the differential housing vertically downward is tightly contacted with the limiting mechanism below, so that the differential housing is positioned in an inverted manner.

[0032] Step four, the outer diameter, pin hole and expansion pin hole of the positioned differential housing are precisely machined.

[0033] In further embodiments, the expansion pin positioning mechanism includes a spindle connecting mechanism and an expansion pin tightening mechanism 6 fixed at the bottom of the spindle connecting mechanism. The spindle connecting mechanism is connected with the output end of the numerical control machine tool with the coaxial positioning function. The expansion pin tightening mechanism 6 is used to position the first end of the differential housing.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, the spindle connecting mechanism is provided to facilitate the upward and downward movement of the expansion pin positioning mechanism 6 driven by the numerical control machine tool, and the first end of the differential housing is conveniently positioned.

[0035] In further embodiments, the spindle connecting mechanism includes a pull rod one 1, a pull rod two 2 connected with the pull rod one 1, and a spindle 3 sleeved outside the pull rod one 1 and the pull rod two 2. A flange one 5 is installed on the outside of the spindle 3 through a fixing screw 4. The top end of the pull rod one 1 is connected with the output end of the numerical control machine tool.

[0036] Through the above technical solution, the top end of the pull rod one 1 is connected with the output end of the numerical control machine tool to provide power, which facilitates the upward and downward movement of the pull rod two 2, and further facilitates the upward and downward movement of the expansion pin positioning mechanism 6.

[0037] In further embodiments, the expansion pin positioning mechanism 6 includes a center 10 connected with the bottom end of the pull rod two 2. A reference part one 11 is fixed on the center 10. An installation groove 18 is formed between the center 10 and the reference part one 11. A semi-universal expansion pin 12 is arranged in the installation groove 18.

[0038] By the technical scheme, the installation and dismounting of the semi-universal expansion pin 12 are facilitated by the installation groove 18, and the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is exchanged when different differential housings are switched, the inner diameters of the differential housings differ by more than 0.1 mm, and the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is divided and customized according to the inner diameter range (±0.4 mm) of the differential housing, and the inner diameter range of all differential housings is adapted by as few semi-universal expansion pins 12 as possible, and switching is minimized.

[0039] In a further embodiment, the lower positioning mechanism comprises a lower fixed base 7 arranged below the center 10 and vertically coaxial with the center 10, and a universal center cone is fixed on the top of the lower fixed base 7, which comprises a fixed part 8 fixed on the top of the lower fixed base 7 and a cone top 9 detachably connected to the top of the fixed part 8.

[0040] By the technical scheme, the second end of the differential housing is stabilized by the cone top 9 on the second end of the differential housing, and the cone top 9 is switched when different differential housings are switched due to the different chamfer angles of the inner diameter orifices of the differential housings.

[0041] In a further embodiment, the second upper positioning mechanism comprises an upper base 13 connected to the numerical control machine tool through a flange 14, a pull rod 15 is arranged in the upper base 13, and a jaw 16 is installed on the bottom of the upper base 13 through a reference part 17.

[0042] By the technical scheme, the processed differential housing is clamped and positioned by the cooperation of the reference part 17 and the jaw 16, which facilitates subsequent fine machining, and ensures that there is no assembly error during clamping and positioning, ensures that the final accuracy is ≤0.005 mm, and ensures that the repeat accuracy is ≤0.005 mm.

[0043] In a further embodiment, the semi-universal expansion pin 12 comprises a clamping part 19 and a fitting part 20, the installation groove 18 is provided with a boss 21 matched with the clamping part 19, and the fitting part 20 is fitted with the surface of the center 10.

[0044] By the technical scheme, the clamping part 19 is supported by the boss 21, and the fitting part 20 is closely fitted with the center 10, which facilitates the cooperation of the semi-universal expansion pin 12 and the center 10 to position and lock the first end of the differential housing.

[0045] In a further embodiment, the expansion and contraction range of the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is ±0.5 mm.

[0046] By the technical scheme, the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is adapted to the inner diameter range of different differential housings.

[0047] In a further embodiment, the differential housing inner diameter hole is provided with a chamfer, and the top of the cone top 9 is provided with a bevel with the same angle as the chamfer.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, the cone top 9 is in close contact with the second end of the differential housing through the cooperation of the bevel and the chamfer, and the differential housing is fixed in the vertical direction through the cooperation of the semi-universal expansion pin 12 and the center 10.

[0049] In a further embodiment, the chamfer is 60° or 90°.

[0050] Through the above technical solution, the cone top 9 with an angle of 60° or 90° is matched with the differential housing with an inner diameter hole chamfer of 60° or 90°, which facilitates the positioning of the differential housing.

[0051] Working principle: the differential housing two ends are initially processed along the differential housing rotating body axis direction, the two ends of the differential housing are the first end towards the tail of the car and the second end towards the head of the car when it is installed on the car, the initially processed differential housing is kept in the first end vertical upward direction, grabbed and moved to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the claw clamping mechanism by the mechanical hand, the first end is connected with the claw clamping mechanism above, that is, the differential housing first end is clamped by the claw 16 and the reference part two 17, the shaking caused by the dynamic balance of the differential housing product is reduced, after the mechanical hand is released, the cutter is inserted into the differential housing from the second end, the inner diameter and the inner cavity spherical surface of the clamped differential housing are precisely processed, since the differential housing is placed upside down on the claw clamping mechanism, the iron filings in the processing process are not easy to enter the claw 16 and the reference part two 17, so that the differential housing positioning is stable, the machining precision is guaranteed, high-precision and high-efficiency machining of the differential housing is realized, according to the size of the differential housing, the appropriate semi-universal expansion pin 12 is selected, the semi-universal expansion pin 12 is placed in the installation groove 18, the precisely processed differential housing is kept in the first end vertical upward direction, grabbed and moved to the working area of the numerical control machine tool with the up-down coaxial positioning function by the mechanical hand, the first end is connected with the expansion pin positioning mechanism above, that is, the differential housing first end is sleeved on the semi-universal expansion pin 12 which is not expanded, the semi-universal expansion pin 12 expands to center and lock the differential housing, after the mechanical hand is released, the differential housing vertical downward second end is abutted with the limiting mechanism below by driving the expansion pin positioning mechanism to move downward, that is, the numerical control machine tool drives the pull rod one 1 and the pull rod two 2 to move downward, the tailstock 10 moves downward, and then the differential housing moves downward, and then the differential housing second end is abutted on the conical top 9, the upside-down positioning of the differential housing is realized, the outer diameter, pin hole and expansion pin hole of the positioned differential housing are precisely processed, since the differential housing is placed upside down between the expansion pin positioning mechanism and the limiting mechanism, the iron filings in the processing process are not easy to enter the semi-universal expansion pin 12, which does not affect the positioning reference, so that the differential housing positioning is stable and the machining precision is guaranteed.

[0052] The preferred specific embodiments of the application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the application is not limited to the specific details in the above specific embodiments, within the technical concept range of the application, the technical solutions of the application can be variously equivalent, and these equivalent changes all belong to the protection range of the application.

Claims

1. A machining process for an inverted differential housing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform preliminary machining on both ends of the differential housing along the axis of rotation of the differential housing. The two ends of the differential housing are the first end facing the rear of the car and the second end facing the front of the car when it is installed on the car. Step 2: Keep the pre-machined differential housing with the first end facing vertically upward, and use a robot arm to grab and move it to the working area of ​​a CNC machine tool with a chuck clamping mechanism. Operate the first end to connect with the chuck clamping mechanism located above. After the robot arm is released, perform precision machining on the inner diameter and inner cavity spherical surface of the clamped differential housing. Step 3: Keep the precision-machined differential housing with the first end facing upwards, and use a robot arm to grab and move it to the working area of ​​a CNC machine tool with upper and lower coaxial positioning function. Operate the first end to connect with the upper lifting pin positioning mechanism. After the robot arm is released, drive the lifting pin positioning mechanism to move downwards, so that the second end of the differential housing facing downwards is pressed against the lower limiting mechanism, thereby achieving inverted positioning of the differential housing. Step 4: Perform precision machining on the outer diameter of the differential housing, pin holes, and latching holes after positioning.

2. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin-raising positioning mechanism includes a spindle connection mechanism and a pin-raising tensioning mechanism (6) fixed at the bottom of the spindle connection mechanism. The spindle connection mechanism is connected to the output end of a CNC machine tool with upper and lower coaxial positioning function. The pin-raising tensioning mechanism (6) is used to position the first end of the differential housing.

3. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spindle connection mechanism includes a pull rod one (1), a pull rod two (2) connected to the pull rod one (1), and a spindle (3) sleeved on the outside of the pull rod one (1) and the pull rod two (2). A flange one (5) is installed on the outside of the spindle (3) by fixing screws (4). The top of the pull rod one (1) is connected to the output end of a CNC machine tool with upper and lower coaxial positioning function.

4. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism (6) includes a top (10) connected to the bottom end of the second pull rod (2). A reference part (11) is fixed on the top (10). An installation groove (18) is formed at the gap between the reference part (11) and the top (10). A semi-universal tensioning pin (12) is provided in the installation groove (18).

5. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism includes a lower fixing base (7) located below the tip (10) and vertically coaxial with the tip (10). A universal top cone is fixed to the top of the lower fixing base (7). The universal top cone includes a fixing part (8) fixed to the top of the lower fixing base (7) and a cone top (9) detachably connected to the top of the fixing part (8).

6. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jaw clamping mechanism includes an upper base (13), which is connected to the CNC machine tool through flange two (14). A tie rod three (15) is provided inside the upper base (13), and a jaw (16) is installed at the bottom of the upper base (13) through reference part two (17).

7. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The semi-universal push pin (12) includes a snap-fit ​​part (19) and a fitting part (20). The mounting groove (18) is provided with a boss (21) that cooperates with the snap-fit ​​part (19). The fitting part (20) is fitted to the surface of the tip (10).

8. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expansion and contraction range of the semi-general expansion pin (12) is ±0.5mm.

9. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter opening of the differential housing is chamfered, and the top of the cone (9) is provided with a ramp with the same angle as the chamfer.

10. The inverted machining process for a differential housing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The chamfer is 60° or 90°.

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