Magnetoelectric hybrid elevator

Abstract

The magnetoelectric hybrid elevator comprises an elevator shaft, a set of car guide rails, a set of counterweight guide rails, a car mechanism and a counterweight mechanism are arranged in the elevator shaft, the car guide rails and the counterweight guide rails are permanent magnet guide rails, the permanent magnet guide rails serve as linear motor stators, and the two sides of the car mechanism are movably matched with the car guide rails through guide shoes. Linear motor rotors are arranged on the two sides of the counterweight mechanism and the guide shoe; a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and a controller are arranged at the top of the elevator shaft, a steel wire rope is wound on a traction wheel of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and connected with the lift car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism, and the controller is electrically connected with the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, a linear motor rotor on the counterweight mechanism and a linear motor rotor on the guide shoe. A traditional traction type driving mode and a magnetic suspension driving mode are combined, driving modes under different operation scenes are achieved, the service life of an elevator is prolonged, and the operation reliability of the elevator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator equipment technology, and specifically to a magnetic-electric hybrid elevator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, traditional traction elevators are widely used due to their low cost and mature technology. However, they suffer from high energy consumption, severe mechanical wear, and significant noise, with maintenance costs increasing year by year. Furthermore, their operating speed is unstable, making them unsuitable for high-end buildings. In recent years, pure magnetic levitation elevators have emerged. While they offer advantages such as frictionless operation, low noise, and high speed, they also have significant limitations: First, the manufacturing cost of core components (such as long stator linear motors and high-precision permanent magnet guide rails) is high, with initial investment 2-3 times that of traditional elevators, making widespread adoption in low- and mid-rise buildings difficult. Second, they rely entirely on electric power, and in the event of a sudden, prolonged power outage, the battery's emergency braking capacity is limited, posing a safety hazard. Third, when renovating older buildings, the shaft structure is not well-suited to the existing structure, resulting in excessively high renovation costs.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention mainly addresses the above-mentioned technical problems through research and improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the existing technical problems, this invention provides a hybrid magnetic-electric elevator that combines magnetic levitation drive and traditional traction drive. The two drive modes are switched and controlled by a controller, and an energy recovery mechanism is set up. During the up and down movement of the car mechanism and counterweight mechanism, the generated electricity can be generated and recovered to the energy recovery mechanism. This solves the technical problems of high cost of pure magnetic levitation elevators, high energy consumption of traditional traction elevators, and severe mechanical wear.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A hybrid magnetic-electric elevator includes an elevator shaft, within which are provided a set of car guide rails, a set of counterweight guide rails, a car mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism. Both the car guide rails and the counterweight guide rails are permanent magnet guide rails, and horizontal magnetic fields are formed between the two car guide rails and between the two counterweight guide rails. The permanent magnet guide rails serve as stators for linear motors. The two sides of the car mechanism are movably engaged with the car guide rails via guide shoes. Linear motor movers are provided on both sides of the counterweight mechanism and on the guide shoes. The elevator shaft is equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine and a controller at the top. A steel wire rope is wound on the traction sheave of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the car mechanism, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the counterweight mechanism. The controller is electrically connected to the linear motor mover on the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism, and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe. The current flows in opposite directions on the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe.

[0006] The above technical solution combines the traditional traction drive method with the magnetic levitation drive method. When the elevator is moving upward, it uses magnetic levitation drive. At this time, the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine stops, and the linear motor movers on the car mechanism and counterweight mechanism are energized. Under the action of the linear motor movers and stators, a magnetic levitation force is generated, causing the car mechanism to move upward. Since the current flowing through the linear motor movers on the car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism is in opposite directions, the magnetic levitation forces generated by the car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism are also opposite, that is, the counterweight mechanism moves downward when the car mechanism moves upward. When the car mechanism moves to the limit position, the current on the linear motor movers on the car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism is cut off, and the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is started. At this time, the traditional traction method drives the counterweight mechanism to move upward through the steel wire rope, while the car mechanism moves downward, which improves the reliability of elevator operation.

[0007] Preferably, position sensors are installed in the elevator shaft at the upper and lower limit positions near the operation of the car mechanism, and these position sensors are electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the system further includes an energy recovery mechanism, which comprises a battery located at the top of the elevator shaft, a first power generation coil located on the car mechanism, and a second power generation coil located on the counterweight mechanism. The first power generation coil is located within the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails, and the second power generation coil is located within the magnetic field formed between the two counterweight guide rails. The first and second power generation coils are electrically connected to the input terminals of the battery via rectifiers, respectively. The output terminals of the battery are electrically connected to the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism, and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe, respectively.

[0009] In this scheme, when the car mechanism and counterweight mechanism move up and down, the first and second power generation coils cut the magnetic field, causing the first and second power generation coils to generate induced currents. The generated induced currents are stored as electrical energy in the battery, serving as the energy source for the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine, the counterweight mechanism, and the linear motors on the guide shoes.

[0010] Preferably, the car mechanism includes a car mounting frame movably disposed between the two car guide rails, a car body is disposed on the car mounting frame, the guide shoes are disposed on both sides of the car mounting frame, and the first generator coil is disposed on the car mounting frame.

[0011] Preferably, there are four sets of the first power generation coils, which are respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the car mounting frame.

[0012] Preferably, a third power generation coil is provided on both sides of the car mounting frame. The third power generation coil is located in the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails, and the third power generation coil is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery.

[0013] In this scheme, when the car mechanism moves up and down, the third generator coil on it will cut the magnetic field between the two car guide rails, so that the current generated in the third generator coil is stored in the battery.

[0014] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight mounting frame with a counterweight block on it. The linear motor actuators of the counterweight mechanism are arranged on both sides of the counterweight mounting frame, and the second generator coil is arranged on the counterweight mounting frame.

[0015] Preferably, there are four sets of the second generating coils, which are respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the counterweight mounting frame.

[0016] Preferably, the counterweight mounting frame is provided with U-shaped limiting blocks on both sides, and the U-shaped limiting blocks are movably engaged with the counterweight guide rail on the corresponding side.

[0017] This solution uses a U-shaped limit block that works in conjunction with the counterweight guide rail to prevent the counterweight mechanism from deviating from the corresponding track during its vertical movement.

[0018] Preferably, buffers are provided at the bottom of the elevator shaft at positions corresponding to the car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism, respectively.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This invention combines the traditional traction drive method with the magnetic levitation drive method to realize the drive mode under different operating scenarios. When the car mechanism is moving upward at high speed, the magnetic levitation drive method is the main drive, providing frictionless and efficient power. When the car mechanism is moving downward or the magnetic levitation drive method fails, the traditional traction drive method is used to drive, reducing the system load of the magnetic levitation drive method, extending the service life, and improving the reliability of elevator operation. (2) The present invention is provided with an energy recovery mechanism. When the car mechanism and the counterweight mechanism move up and down, they drive the first power generation coil and the second power generation coil to cut the magnetic field, so that the first power generation coil and the second power generation coil generate current. The current is rectified and stored in the battery for elevator operation, realizing energy recovery and recycling, and significantly reducing energy consumption and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the car mechanism and the car guide rails; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Rear view; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the counterweight and the counterweight guide rail are fitted together. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] As attached Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4The illustrated magneto-electric hybrid elevator includes an elevator shaft 1. The elevator shaft 1 contains a set of car guide rails 2, a set of counterweight guide rails 4, a car mechanism 3, and a counterweight mechanism 5. The set of car guide rails 2 comprises two rails arranged vertically, with the car mechanism 3 located between the two car guide rails 2. The set of counterweight guide rails 4 comprises two rails arranged vertically, with the counterweight mechanism 5 located between the two counterweight guide rails 4. Both the car guide rails 2 and the counterweight guide rails 4 are permanent magnet rails, and the magnetic poles of the two car guide rails 2 are opposite; for example, the magnetic pole of the left car guide rail 2 is the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the right car guide rail 2 is the S pole, making the two... A horizontal magnetic field is formed between the car guide rails 2, and the magnetic poles of the two counterweight guide rails 4 are opposite. For example, the magnetic pole of the left counterweight guide rail 4 is the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the right counterweight guide rail 4 is the S pole, so that a horizontal magnetic field is formed between the two counterweight guide rails 4. The permanent magnet guide rail can be used as the stator of the linear motor. The two sides of the car mechanism 3 are movably connected to the car guide rails 2 through guide shoes 33. Linear motor movers are provided on both sides of the counterweight mechanism 5 and on the guide shoes 33. The linear motor movers and the linear motor stator cooperate to generate a magnetic levitation force in the vertical direction, driving the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5 to move up and down.

[0024] A permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6 and a controller 9 are installed at the top of the elevator shaft 1. A steel wire rope (not shown in the figure) is wound around the traction sheave of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the car mechanism 3, and the other end is connected to the counterweight mechanism 5. The driving method using the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6 is a conventional method. The attached figures of this embodiment only show the parts of the structure relevant to this solution. Other structures not listed can be referred to in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here. The controller 9 is electrically connected to the drive unit of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6, the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism 5, and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe 33, respectively. The current flows in opposite directions on the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism 5 and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe 33, ensuring that the magnetic levitation forces acting on the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5 are opposite in the magnetic levitation driving mode.

[0025] In order to switch between the two driving modes, position sensors are respectively installed in the elevator shaft 1 near the upper and lower limit positions of the car mechanism 3. The position sensors are electrically connected to the controller 9. When the car mechanism 3 reaches the upper and lower limit positions, the position sensors will transmit signals to the controller 9, and the controller 9 will switch the corresponding driving mode.

[0026] This embodiment also includes an energy recovery mechanism, which includes a battery 7 located at the top of the elevator shaft 1, a first power generation coil 34 located on the car mechanism 3, and a second power generation coil 53 located on the counterweight mechanism 5. The first power generation coil 34 is located in the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails 2, and the second power generation coil 53 is located in the magnetic field formed between the two counterweight guide rails 4. The first power generation coil 34 and the second power generation coil 53 are electrically connected to the input end of the battery 7 through rectifiers, respectively. The output end of the battery 7 is electrically connected to the drive unit of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6, the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism 5, and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe 33, respectively. The first power generation coil 34 and the second power generation coil 53 are located in the magnetic field. When they move up and down with the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5, current is generated in the first power generation coil 34 and the second power generation coil 53. After rectification, the current is stored as electrical energy in the battery 7 and serves as the power source for the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6, the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism 5 and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe 33.

[0027] Buffers 8 are respectively provided at the bottom of the elevator shaft 1 at the positions corresponding to the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The car mechanism 3 includes a car mounting frame 31 movably disposed between the two car guide rails 2. A car body 30 is mounted on the car mounting frame 31, and a door 32 is located on the front side of the car body 30. When the car mechanism 3 moves to the landing door position, the door 32 opens. Guide shoes 33 are disposed on both sides of the car mounting frame 31. In this embodiment, there are four guide shoes 33, respectively located at the four opposite corners of the car mounting frame 31. The first power generation coil 34 is disposed on the car mounting frame 31. There are four sets of the first power generation coil 34, respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the car mounting frame 31.

[0029] To improve power generation efficiency, a third power generation coil 37 is provided on both sides of the car mounting frame 31. The third power generation coil 37 is located in the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails 2, and the third power generation coil 37 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery 7.

[0030] refer to Figure 4The counterweight mechanism 5 includes a counterweight mounting frame 51, on which a counterweight block 50 is mounted. Linear motor actuators on the counterweight mechanism 5 are located on both sides of the counterweight mounting frame 51. The second power generation coil 53 is mounted on the counterweight mounting frame 51. In this embodiment, there are four sets of the second power generation coil 53, respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the counterweight mounting frame 51. Of course, to improve power generation efficiency, more power generation coils can be installed at other locations on the counterweight mechanism 5, as long as the power generation coils are located within the magnetic field between the two counterweight guide rails 4.

[0031] Two U-shaped limiting blocks 52 are provided on both sides of the counterweight mounting frame 51, and the U-shaped limiting blocks 52 are in movable cooperation with the counterweight guide rail 4 on the corresponding side.

[0032] This solution combines traditional traction drive with magnetic levitation drive. When the elevator is moving upwards, magnetic levitation drive is used. At this time, the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6 stops, and the linear motors on the car mechanism 3 and counterweight mechanism 5 are energized. The magnetic levitation force generated by the interaction of the linear motors' movers and stators causes the car mechanism 3 to move upwards. Since the current flowing through the linear motors on the car mechanism 3 and counterweight mechanism 5 is in opposite directions, the magnetic levitation forces generated on the car mechanism 3 and counterweight mechanism 5 are also opposite; that is, the counterweight mechanism 5 moves downwards as the car mechanism 3 moves upwards. When the car mechanism 3 reaches its limit position, the controller 9 disconnects the connection between the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5. The current in the linear motor mover on mechanism 5 shuts off the magnetic levitation drive mode and simultaneously starts the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6. At this time, the traditional traction method drives the counterweight mechanism 5 to move upward through the steel wire rope, while the car mechanism 3 moves downward, improving the reliability of elevator operation. Meanwhile, during the up and down movement of the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5, the first generating coil 34, the second generating coil 53 and the third generating coil 37 will cut the magnetic field to generate current. The generated current is rectified and stored in the battery 7, which serves as electrical energy for the linear motor movers on the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 6, the car mechanism 3 and the counterweight mechanism 5, and can also be used for elevator lighting, significantly reducing energy consumption and operating costs.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A hybrid electric and magnetic elevator, comprising an elevator shaft (1), characterized in that: The elevator shaft (1) is provided with a set of car guide rails (2), a set of counterweight guide rails (4), a car mechanism (3) and a counterweight mechanism (5). The car guide rails (2) and the counterweight guide rails (4) are both permanent magnet guide rails, and a horizontal magnetic field is formed between the two car guide rails (2) and between the two counterweight guide rails (4). The permanent magnet guide rails serve as the stators of the linear motors. The two sides of the car mechanism (3) are movably connected with the car guide rails (2) through guide shoes (33). The two sides of the counterweight mechanism (5) and the guide shoes (33) are provided with linear motor movers. The elevator shaft (1) is equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (6) and a controller (9) at the top. A steel wire rope is wound on the traction wheel of the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (6). One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the car mechanism (3), and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the counterweight mechanism (5). The controller (9) is electrically connected to the linear motor mover on the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (6), the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism (5), and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe (33). The current flows in opposite directions on the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism (5) and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe (33).

2. The hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Position sensors are installed at the upper and lower limit positions of the elevator shaft (1) near the car mechanism (3) and are electrically connected to the controller (9).

3. The hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an energy recovery mechanism, which includes a battery (7) located at the top of the elevator shaft (1), a first power generation coil (34) located on the car mechanism (3), and a second power generation coil (53) located on the counterweight mechanism (5). The first power generation coil (34) is located in the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails (2), and the second power generation coil (53) is located in the magnetic field formed between the two counterweight guide rails (4). The first power generation coil (34) and the second power generation coil (53) are electrically connected to the input end of the battery (7) through rectifiers, respectively. The output end of the battery (7) is electrically connected to the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine (6), the linear motor mover on the counterweight mechanism (5), and the linear motor mover on the guide shoe (33), respectively.

4. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The car mechanism (3) includes a car mounting frame (31) movably disposed between the two car guide rails (2), a car body (30) is disposed on the car mounting frame (31), the guide shoes (33) are disposed on both sides of the car mounting frame (31), and the first power generation coil (34) is disposed on the car mounting frame (31).

5. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first power generation coil (34) consists of four groups, which are respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the car mounting frame (31).

6. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The car mounting frame (31) is also provided with a third power generation coil (37) on both sides. The third power generation coil (37) is located in the magnetic field formed between the two car guide rails (2), and the third power generation coil (37) is electrically connected to the input end of the battery (7).

7. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism (5) includes a counterweight mounting frame (51), on which a counterweight block (50) is provided. The linear motor actuator on the counterweight mechanism (5) is arranged on both sides of the counterweight mounting frame (51), and the second power generation coil (53) is arranged on the counterweight mounting frame (51).

8. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second power generation coil (53) consists of four groups, which are respectively distributed at the upper and lower ends of the counterweight mounting frame (51).

9. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The counterweight mounting bracket (51) is provided with U-shaped limiting blocks (52) on both sides, and the U-shaped limiting blocks (52) are in movable cooperation with the counterweight guide rail (4) on the corresponding side.

10. A hybrid electromagnetic elevator according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: A buffer (8) is provided at the bottom of the elevator shaft (1) at the position corresponding to the car mechanism (3) and the counterweight mechanism (5).

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