Environment-friendly low-cost light automobile molding oil sludge and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses environment-friendly low-cost light automobile molding oil sludge and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of automobile design auxiliary materials, the oil sludge comprises the raw materials of an environment-friendly base material, an environment-friendly plasticizer, a light filler and a coloring agent, and the oil sludge is prepared through the processes of melt mixing, chemical reaction, grinding and vacuum extrusion molding. Compared with imported oil sludge, the oil sludge provided by the invention has the advantages that the oil sludge is reduced by 40-60%, the density is only 0.7-1.0 g / cm < 3 >, the weight is reduced by 30-50%, the oil sludge has good plasticity and stability, the problems that the existing oil sludge is not environment-friendly, obvious in smell, high in cost, large in density and unstable in quality are solved, the oil sludge is suitable for the field of automobile modeling design, a low-melting-point material is adopted in the oil sludge production process, the reaction temperature in the oil sludge production process is low, escaped gas is less, and the production cost is low. The energy consumption is low; an anhydrous production process is adopted, industrial sewage is not generated, the prepared oil sludge almost has no volatile odor, and the construction environment is improved; the oil sludge can be recycled, and the oil sludge contains degradable materials, so that the environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive design auxiliary materials technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive styling clay and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive sculpting clay is a key material used for hand-sculpting in the automotive design process, requiring high plasticity, stability at room temperature, and ease of sculpting and finishing. Existing automotive sculpting clays are mostly made with paraffin wax, petrolatum, and asphalt as base materials, mixed with fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, and sulfur powder, which has the following drawbacks: 1. Poor environmental performance: The base material contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which release odors during the carving process and pose a health hazard with long-term exposure; it is also difficult to degrade after disposal, polluting the environment. 2. High cost: It relies on imported special oil sludge or expensive industrial-grade base materials (such as medical petroleum jelly), with raw material costs accounting for more than 60%.

[0003] 3. High density: The filler is mostly high-density mineral powder (density 2.5-3.0 g / cm³). 3 This results in a high overall density of the oil sludge (1.2-1.6 g / cm³). 3 Large decorative blocks are difficult to move; movable parts are prone to falling and deforming, increasing the operational burden during the design process.

[0004] 4. Paraffin wax has weak cohesive forces with petrolatum and asphalt molecules. Its hardness, brittleness, toughness, and viscosity will change significantly with temperature changes, resulting in unstable sludge properties.

[0005] 5. Due to its large heat capacity, the heating and softening of the sludge requires a large amount of electrical energy, resulting in high energy consumption; moreover, the cooling and setting time is long, affecting design efficiency.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for an environmentally friendly, odorless, low-density, low-cost, stable-performance, and low-energy-consumption automotive styling clay to meet the green transformation and high-efficiency production needs of the automotive design industry. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing automotive styling clay, such as obvious odor, high energy consumption, environmental unfriendliness, high cost, high density, and poor performance stability. It provides an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight, and high-quality automotive styling clay comparable to foreign products, achieving the technical goals of low pollution, low cost, low density, and high sculpting performance.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this invention is an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentages: 10%-30% environmentally friendly base material, 25%-50% lightweight filler, 20%-40% stabilizer, and 0.1%-2% colorant; The environmentally friendly base material includes at least one of PLA, PHA, industrial petrolatum, modified wax, and hydrogenated products of waste edible oil; The lightweight filler includes at least one of hollow glass microspheres, modified starch microspheres, fumed silica, and perlite; The stabilizer includes at least one of PLA, PHA, polyisobutylene, methylstyrene, petroleum resin, fatty acid salt, metal soap, polyethylene glycol, and glycerol; The colorant includes at least one of iron oxide red, iron oxide black, and iron oxide orange.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes 0.1%-20% by weight of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant includes at least one of OP-4, a metallic soap, and lecithin.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes 1%-10% by weight of an organic alcohol, wherein the organic alcohol includes at least one of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, cyclohexanol, and benzyl alcohol.

[0011] Preferably, the resin further comprises 1%-10% by weight, wherein the resin includes at least one of polyisobutylene resin, atactic polypropylene resin, petroleum resin, hydrogenated waste edible oil products, PLA, PHA, PLA, and PBAT.

[0012] Preferably, the density of the hollow glass microspheres in the lightweight filler is 0.2-0.8 g / cm³. 3 The density of the modified starch microspheres is 0.8-1.0 g / cm³. 3 The density of silica is 0.7 g / cm³. 3 The bulk density of perlite is 0.04-0.08 g / cm³. 3 .

[0013] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay includes the following steps: Step 1: Add all materials except fillers and colorants to the reactor and stir at 120-200℃ until completely melted; Step 2: Cool the above melt to 80-120℃, pour in the filler and colorant, and stir until evenly mixed; Step 3: After the above mixture is ground in a grinder, it is extruded into cylindrical rods with a diameter of 60 mm in a vacuum extruder. Step 4: Straighten and cut the clay into 250mm lengths to obtain environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and lightweight car styling clay.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring rate in step 1 is 10-100 r / min.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring time in step 2 is 20-30 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, during the production of clay, an organic alcohol is sprayed onto the mold and the surface through which the clay slides to reduce the coefficient of friction and the adhesion of the clay, thereby improving the smoothness of the clay product surface.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Environmental friendliness: The production process of oil sludge uses low-melting-point materials, the reaction temperature is low, the gas emitted is small, and the energy consumption is low; the waterless production process does not produce industrial wastewater, and the oil sludge produced has almost no volatile odor, improving the construction environment; the oil sludge can be reused, and the components of the oil sludge contain biodegradable materials, reducing environmental pollution.

[0018] Cost-effectiveness: The raw materials are low-cost materials such as industrial yellow petrolatum and modified starch. The production process of the clay introduces grinding technology, eliminating the need for expensive nano-level materials. The overall cost is reduced by 20%-50% compared to imported clay. The produced clay has a low heat capacity, consumes less electricity to heat and soften the clay, and has a short cooling and setting time, thus improving design efficiency.

[0019] Lightweighting: By replacing high-density mineral powder with lightweight fillers, the density of the sludge is reduced to 0.7-1.0 g / cm³. 3 It is 30%-40% lighter than traditional clay, making it easier to transport and trim large-scale sculptures; Performance meets standards: Hardness at room temperature (HA30-45), plasticity (can be repeatedly sculpted without cracking at a construction temperature of 20-30℃ for clay), stability (no obvious deformation or cracking at -10℃ to 60℃), fine and smooth scraped surface, small color difference, no discoloration, meeting the requirements of automotive styling. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1: Raw materials were weighed by weight percentage as follows: 5-15% industrial yellow petrolatum, 10-20% petrolatum, 30-35% hollow glass microspheres, 5-10% perlite, 1-2.5% polyethylene glycol, 0.2-0.5% OP-10, 10-13% metal soap, 3-8% polyisobutylene resin, 2-5% PHA, 0.5-1% iron oxide colorant, and the balance being modified wax.

[0022] Preparation method: Step 1: Add all materials except glass microspheres, perlite, polyethylene glycol, OP-10 and colorant into the reactor. Melt at 70°C, stir at 50 r / min for 10 min. Step 2: Heat to 140-200℃ and stir the reaction for 20 minutes; Step 3: Cool to 100℃, add the remaining ingredients, and stir for 30 minutes; Step 4: The sludge-like substance is ground in a grinder; Step 5: The ground sludge is extruded into cylindrical rods with a diameter of 60mm using a vacuum extruder. These rods are then straightened and cut into 250mm long sludge products with a density of 0.9g / cm³. 3 It has a hardness of around HA40 and does not deform at temperatures ranging from -10℃ to 60℃.

[0023] The main performance indicators of this application are compared as follows: brand index The patented sample filed in Germany (84321L) is coffee-colored and maroon (the color can be adjusted as needed). It is environmentally friendly, sulfur-free, and has a slight odor. It has a softening temperature of 60℃ for 1-1.5 hours, and the stainless steel tray remains soft and non-stick to the hand. It also has a heat resistance of 60℃ for 48 hours continuously, remaining soft without deformation and non-stick to the hand. The surface of the oily mud does not show powdery cracks. The color difference when applied to the surface of the cooling sludge is small; density (20℃): 0.7-1.0g / dm3, 0.7-1.09g / dm3; hardness (27℃): 35HA, 30-40HA; scraping performance (20-30℃): the scraped surface is smooth and delicate, free of impurities, uniformly matte, slightly sticky to the tool, and the sludge chips roll up; the scraped surface is smooth and delicate, free of impurities, uniformly matte, non-slip during scraping, slightly sticky to the tool, and the sludge chips roll up or flake; the color difference between the front and back scraped surfaces is small, with no surface... Hydrophilic and hydrophobic spray paint test passed; decorative film application test passed; decorative tape application test passed; filling performance: smooth filling, no burrs, no delamination; freezing test (-4-13℃ for 13 hours): no cracking. Dimensions: ¢60x250cm / piece; packaging: 20 pieces / carton; price: 90-75 yuan / piece; 50 yuan / piece (tax included). Example 2: Raw materials by weight percentage: modified wax 10-15%, hydrogenated waste edible oil products 5-10%, PBAT 5-10%, industrial petrolatum 10-15%, glycerol 1-5%, atactic polypropylene 5-10%, modified starch microspheres 15-25%, precipitated silica 1-5%, incense ash 1-10%, metallic soap 5-20%, iron oxide pigment 0.2-0.8%.

[0024] Preparation method: Step 1: Remove the fillers (modified starch microspheres, fumed silica, incense ash, iron oxide pigment) and add the remaining materials to the reaction vessel. Melt at 70℃, stir at 50r / min, and stir for 10min. Step 2: Heat to 140-150℃ and stir the reaction for 20 minutes; Step 3: Cool to 100℃, add filler, and stir for 30 minutes.

[0025] Step 4: The sludge-like substance is ground in a grinder.

[0026] Step 5: The obtained sludge is extruded into cylindrical rods with a diameter of 60mm using a vacuum extruder, and then straightened and cut into 250mm long sludge products.

[0027] The density of the resulting oil sludge was 0.85 g / cm³. 3 It has a hardness of around HA35 and can be repeatedly carved without cracking.

[0028] Example 3: Raw materials by weight percentage: polyethylene wax 5-10%, industrial petrolatum 5-20%, PLA 1-5%, glycerol 1-5%, atactic polypropylene 5-15%, modified starch microspheres 25-40%, perlite 2-5%, light calcium carbonate 1-5%, metal soap 2-10%, PLA 0.5-5%, iron oxide pigment 0.8-2%.

[0029] Preparation method: Step 1: Add all materials except fillers and colorants to the reactor at a melting temperature of 70°C and a stirring rate of 50 r / min for 10 min. Step 2: Heat to 180-200℃ and stir the reaction for 20 minutes; Step 3: Cool the above melt to 80°C, pour in the filler and colorant, and stir until evenly mixed; Step 4: After the above mixture is ground in a grinder, it is extruded into cylindrical rods with a diameter of 60 mm in a vacuum extruder. Step 5: Straighten and cut the clay into 250mm lengths to obtain environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and lightweight car styling clay.

[0030] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay, characterized in that: It includes raw materials composed of the following weight percentages: 10%-30% environmentally friendly base material, 25%-50% lightweight filler, 20%-40% stabilizer, and 0.1%-2% colorant; The environmentally friendly base material includes at least one of PLA, PHA, industrial petrolatum, modified wax, and hydrogenated products of waste edible oil; The lightweight filler includes at least one of hollow glass microspheres, modified starch microspheres, fumed silica, and perlite; The stabilizer includes at least one of PLA, PHA, polyisobutylene, methylstyrene, petroleum resin, fatty acid salt, metal soap, polyethylene glycol, and glycerol; The colorant includes at least one of iron oxide red, iron oxide black, and iron oxide orange.

2. The environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 0.1%-20% by weight of surfactants, including at least one of OP-4, metallic soap, and lecithin.

3. The environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 1%-10% by weight of organic alcohols, including at least one of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, cyclohexanol, and benzyl alcohol.

4. The environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 1%-10% by weight of resin, which includes at least one of polyisobutylene resin, atactic polypropylene resin, petroleum resin, hydrogenated waste edible oil products, PLA, PHA, PLA, and PBAT.

5. The environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the hollow glass microspheres in the lightweight filler is 0.2-0.8 g / cm³. 3 The density of the modified starch microspheres is 0.8-1.0 g / cm³. 3 The density of silica is 0.7 g / cm³. 3 The bulk density of perlite is 0.04-0.08 g / cm³. 3 .

6. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add all materials except fillers and colorants to the reactor and stir at 120-200℃ until completely melted; Step 2: Cool the above melt to 80-120℃, pour in the filler and colorant, and stir until evenly mixed; Step 3: After the above mixture is ground in a grinder, it is extruded into cylindrical rods with a diameter of 60 mm in a vacuum extruder. Step 4: Straighten and cut the clay into 250mm lengths to obtain environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and lightweight car styling clay.

7. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stirring rate in step 1 is 10-100 r / min.

8. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 6, characterized in that, The stirring time in step 2 is 20-30 minutes.

9. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly, inexpensive, lightweight automotive modeling clay according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the production of the clay, organic alcohol is sprayed onto the mold and the surface through which the clay slides to reduce the coefficient of friction and the adhesion of the clay, thereby improving the smoothness of the clay product surface.