Simple manual hoisting signal tower in mountainous area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of signal towers, and discloses a simple manual hoisting signal tower in a mountainous area, which comprises a tower body structure system, a support leveling system, a manual hoisting power system and an anti-rotation guide system. The tower body is formed by longitudinally splicing modular truss standard sections, and a supporting and leveling system arranged at the bottom is adjusted through bolts to adapt to the non-horizontal ground. And the lifting power system adopts a manual winching machine with a self-locking function to be matched with a fixed pulley block, so that manual hoisting in a non-electric environment is realized. The anti-rotation guiding system is matched with a combined lifting appliance on a to-be-lifted tower section through a guiding female groove formed in the side wall of the tower body, and the horizontal rotation freedom degree of a heavy object in the air is restrained. By means of the mechanical guiding and manpower synergistic mechanism, the problems that a large machine cannot enter a mountainous area, no power supply exists, and rotation and collision are prone to occurring during hoisting are solved, and the beneficial effects of being low in construction cost, high in safety and high in terrain adaptability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal tower technology, specifically a simple manually hoisted signal tower for mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Communication towers are critical infrastructure for achieving wireless signal coverage in remote areas such as mountainous and forested regions. They typically employ steel truss or steel pipe structures to support antenna equipment and achieve the required signal transmission height. The construction process for such projects mainly includes the prefabrication and transportation of tower components, as well as their vertical assembly on predetermined foundations. Among these, high-altitude hoisting operations are the core element determining the construction period and structural safety.

[0003] In sites with conventional construction conditions, the assembly of steel towers typically relies on large machinery or electrically driven devices. Construction companies generally use truck cranes to directly hoist prefabricated tower sections into place, or utilize gantry systems attached to the tower, in conjunction with electric winches or diesel-powered hoists, for lifting operations. In this type of process, the power equipment pulls the heavy load via steel cables, while construction workers are primarily responsible for ground-based equipment operation and high-altitude installation. A stable power source ensures the continuity of the hoisting process.

[0004] However, in rugged mountainous or primitive jungle environments, constructing access roads for large lifting machinery is extremely costly or even impossible. Simultaneously, a stable power supply or difficulty in transporting large quantities of fuel often renders conventional mechanized lifting methods ineffective. Without a power source, traditional manual pulley lifting methods, lacking effective mechanical self-locking and braking mechanisms, rely entirely on the physical strength of the workers. If workers become exhausted or make operational errors, the suspended heavy tower section is highly susceptible to loss of control and collapse. This high dependence on infrastructure and the lack of safety mechanisms for manual operations severely restrict the construction efficiency and safety of communication base stations in complex field environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a simple, manually hoisted signal tower for mountainous areas. This solves the problems faced by existing technologies when constructing communication facilities in areas with complex terrain, such as the inability of large machinery to enter, lack of power supply, and the risk of rotational collisions during high-altitude hoisting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a simple manual hoisting signal tower in mountainous areas. The first aspect of the present invention provides a simple manual hoisting signal tower system for mountainous areas.

[0007] The system mainly consists of four functional modules: tower structure system, support and leveling system, manual lifting power system, and anti-rotation guidance system.

[0008] The tower body structure system is used as a bearing main body, adopts a sectional design, and is longitudinally spliced in a vertical direction by a plurality of standard sections of truss rods.

[0009] In view of the non-horizontal characteristics of the ground in mountainous areas, the application is provided with a support leveling system. The system is located at the bottom of the first standard section of the truss rod, and utilizes the geometric positional relationship between the hinged support seat and the adjustable support disc to decouple the angle adjustment and height lifting of the support disc through the screw transmission principle of the threaded adjusting rod. The operator can change the elevation of the support point by rotating the adjusting rod, thereby compensating for the unevenness of the ground and ensuring that the perpendicularity of the first tower body meets the design requirements.

[0010] The manual lifting power system solves the problem of no power source in the field. The system uses a manual winch as a power input end, and realizes bidirectional self-locking through the transmission characteristics of the worm gear mechanism, that is, when the force is stopped, the worm can automatically lock the worm gear to prevent the heavy object from falling due to gravity. The power is transmitted through a fixed pulley set, and the fixed pulley and the mounting seat are connected to the top of the installed truss rod standard section through a quick positioning pin, and the effort-saving lever principle of the movable pulley set is used to reduce the input torque required for manual operation, so that a single person or two people can complete the vertical lifting of the heavy tower section.

[0011] The anti-rotation guide system is the core improvement point of the application, and is designed to solve the self-rotation problem of the suspended heavy object caused by wind load or steel wire rope torsion in high altitude. The system is designed based on the constraint principle of kinematic pair, including a guide track mechanism arranged in the axial direction of the truss rod standard section and a combined hoist connected with the tower section to be hoisted. Specifically, the guide track mechanism is a guide female slot with an open cross section attached to the outer wall of the tower body, and after the adjacent standard sections are connected, the female slot forms a continuous or segmented linear slide rail in the vertical direction. The combined hoist is provided with a guide buckle matched with the geometric shape of the slide rail cross section. In the hoisting process, the guide buckle is embedded in the guide female slot, and the two form a moving pair. According to the kinematic principle of the mechanism, the moving pair restricts two translational degrees of freedom and one rotational degree of freedom of the tower section to be hoisted in the horizontal plane, and only one degree of freedom along the vertical axis is reserved. Therefore, regardless of the changes of external wind or steel wire rope torsion, the tower section to be hoisted always rises along the predetermined vertical track, eliminating the risk of collision with the installed tower body.

[0012] In addition, the system is also provided with a flexible reinforcement system, which forms a tension structure with a plurality of cable wind ropes and ground anchors. The pretightening force of the cable wind rope forms a prestress field around the tower body, which significantly improves the lateral inclination stiffness of the slender tower body structure.

[0013] The second aspect of the application provides a simple signal tower hoisting method in mountainous areas.

[0014] The method adopts a construction process of ground section prefabrication, high-altitude section accumulation and whole-process guided lifting, and specifically comprises the following steps: First, the foundation is built, the base pedestal and the first truss rod standard section are installed at the predetermined point, and the verticality is corrected by using the support leveling system to establish the construction reference.

[0015] Then, the cycle lifting phase is entered. The lifting device fixed pulley and the holding pole are installed on the top of the current tower as the force fulcrum for subsequent operations. The next tower section to be lifted is connected with the combined lifting appliance on the ground, and the guide part of the combined lifting appliance is guided into the guide track of the installed tower body.

[0016] During the lifting process, the ground personnel drive the manual winch to pull the steel strand to lift the tower section to be lifted. At this time, the guide system plays a restraining role to force the tower section to strictly move along the tower body axis. When the tower section reaches the predetermined height, the high-altitude operator performs flange butt joint and fastening.

[0017] After the installation of one section is completed, the lifting device is disassembled and moved to the top of the new tower section, and the above-mentioned lifting, butt joint and moving cycle is repeated until the tower body reaches the designed total height. Finally, the auxiliary device is removed and the permanent cable wind rope reinforcement is applied.

[0018] The method converts the complex in-air assembly operation into a standardized cycle step, and uses mechanical guidance instead of manual rope control, which greatly reduces the skill dependence on construction personnel and improves the construction safety and efficiency in harsh environments.

[0019] The present application provides a simple manual hoisting signal tower in mountainous areas. It has the following advantages: 1. The modular truss rod standard section and the manual worm gear winch are matched to solve the construction problems in remote mountainous areas without power supply and heavy machinery cannot enter. The bidirectional self-locking feature of the manual winch can provide reliable mechanical braking when the manpower is intermittent or accidentally released, and the effort efficiency of the fixed pulley set is increased, so that the construction personnel can complete the vertical transportation and hovering control of heavy components only by using simple tools, which greatly reduces the dependence on infrastructure and transportation cost of the project implementation.

[0020] 2. The anti-rotation guide system provided by the present application uses the mechanical cooperation of the guide female groove and the guide buckle to effectively constrain the horizontal and rotational degrees of freedom of the tower section to be lifted in the lifting path. This structure physically eliminates the self-rotation and swinging phenomenon of heavy objects caused by the torsional stress of the steel wire rope and the high-altitude wind load, eliminates the risk of collision between the lifted component and the installed tower body, and ensures the alignment accuracy of the flange hole position during high-altitude butt joint, thereby improving the operation safety.

[0021] 3. The support and leveling system designed in this invention at the tower base utilizes a combination of threaded adjusting rods and hinged support plates to achieve adaptive adjustment of the tower structure to uneven ground. This structure allows direct installation on natural terrain that has not been finely leveled. By independently adjusting the elevation of each support point to compensate for ground elevation differences, it quickly corrects the verticality of the first tower section, thereby reducing the amount of initial earthwork excavation and concrete leveling, and shortening the overall construction period. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention in the hoisting operation state; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the guide groove terminal of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side view of the combined lifting device of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a top view of the combined lifting device of the present invention.

[0023] The components include: 1. Standard truss section; 2. Adjustable support plate; 21. Support base; 22. Threaded adjusting rod; 23. Positioning buckle; 3. Fixed pulley and mounting base; 4. Main lifting winch line; 5. Main lifting boom; 6. Signal tower section to be hoisted; 7. Combined lifting tool; 71. Guide groove; 72. Guide buckle; 8. Guy rope; 9. Ground anchor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 This invention provides a simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas, comprising four core subsystems: a tower structure system, a support and leveling system, a human-powered lifting system, and an anti-rotation guidance system. It also includes a flexible reinforcement system to enhance overall stability.

[0026] The tower structure system, serving as the skeleton of the entire communication tower, is responsible for supporting the communication antenna and resisting wind loads. It adopts a modular design, with the tower body longitudinally spliced ​​from 10 standard truss sections. Each prefabricated section is 5 meters long. This segmented design facilitates transportation by manpower or small vehicles on rugged mountain roads. The standard truss section 1 is an equilateral triangular prism structure welded from Q345 steel, with a side length of 600mm. This structure ensures strength while minimizing self-weight, reducing the difficulty of manual hoisting. High-precision connecting flanges are welded to both the upper and lower ends of each standard section, with pre-drilled bolt holes. Rigid connections between sections are achieved using 8.8 grade high-strength bolts, ensuring effective force transmission.

[0027] The support and leveling system is located below the first standard section of the first truss at the bottom of the tower. Its core function is to solve the problem of uneven natural ground in mountainous areas, making it difficult to carry out large-area concrete leveling construction. The system includes three independent support units, corresponding to the three column corners of the triangular truss. Each unit consists of an upper support seat 21 hinged to the bottom of the column, an adjustable support plate 2 in contact with the ground, a threaded adjustment rod 22 with trapezoidal threaded screw connecting the two, and a positioning buckle 23 set on the support seat 21. The bottom of the adjustable support plate 2 is equipped with cross-shaped anti-slip teeth and ground spikes, which can firmly grip the rock or soil surface. The operator can quickly level the first section of the tower by simply rotating the adjustment rod with the help of a level. After the leveling operation is completed, the positioning buckle 23 must be locked in the lower surface of the support seat 21. The mechanical locking prevents the adjustment rod from loosening or shifting due to long-term wind load vibration, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the tower base and completely eliminating the cumbersome foundation leveling process in traditional technology.

[0028] The manual lifting power system provides a safe and controllable power source for hoisting operations. Specifically designed for environments without electricity in the field, the manual winch utilizes a closed gearbox-style worm gear reduction mechanism. Its high speed ratio (e.g., 40:1) significantly amplifies the input torque, allowing a single person to generate approximately 500 kg of vertical traction force by hand, meeting the lifting requirements of a single tower section. Furthermore, leveraging the reverse self-locking characteristic of the worm gear drive, the mechanism automatically locks when the operator stops cranking or accidentally releases their grip, immediately suspending the load and preventing accidents. Traditional pulley systems pose a risk of uncontrolled falls due to loosening of the load. The fixed pulley and mounting base 3 in the lifting assembly are designed with a snap-fit ​​quick-installation structure. The base is equipped with a positioning pin, which can be directly inserted into the flange hole at the top of the standard section of the truss and locked with the pin shaft. No bolt tightening is required, and the disassembly and assembly time is only 30 seconds, which greatly improves the efficiency of high-altitude operations. The main lifting boom 5 is made of φ48×3.5mm high-strength steel pipe as a cantilever support for the fixed pulley, so that the lifting point extends about 400mm beyond the outline of the tower body, preventing the tower section from scraping against the tower body during the initial lifting stage.

[0029] The anti-rotation guidance system is the core innovation of this invention, designed to solve the problem of self-rotation and swaying of suspended heavy objects at high altitudes caused by the torsional force of the wire rope or lateral wind force. A full-length C-shaped channel steel, i.e., guide groove 71, is welded to the outer wall of the main chord on a specific side of each standard truss section 1. The groove opening faces outwards, and the groove width is designed to fit the dimensions of the supporting components. When the standard sections are connected sequentially, these segmented guide grooves are aligned vertically, forming a continuous, invisible sliding rail that runs the entire height of the tower. A T-shaped extension extends from the side of the combined lifting device 7. The guide buckle 72 has a head size slightly smaller than the inner cavity size of the guide groove 71. Before hoisting, the buckle is slid into the groove, and the two form a sliding fit. The guide groove restricts the buckle and the associated tower section from moving forward, backward, left, and right in the horizontal plane, as well as rotating around the vertical axis. This forces the tower section 6 to be hoisted to move vertically in a straight line along the trajectory of the guide groove, just like an elevator running along a guide rail. The hoist body adopts a U-shaped clamp structure with a rubber pad inside, which can tightly hold the main chord of the tower section 6 to be hoisted, ensuring that the hoisting point position does not slip.

[0030] The flexible reinforcement system adopts a double- or multi-layer guy wire structure. The guy rope 8 is made of high-strength galvanized steel strand. One end is connected to the tower node through a U-shaped shackle, and the other end is connected to the ground anchor 9 buried in the ground. The tension of the guy rope in each direction is adjusted by turnbuckles so that the tower body is subjected to pre-tensioning force, forming a stable tensioned overall structure that can resist strong wind loads in mountainous areas.

[0031] Based on the above system, this embodiment describes in detail the construction process of a simple manual hoisting signal tower in mountainous areas: Step 1: Foundation prefabrication and first section installation. A working surface of approximately 6m×6m is cleared at the selected site, and three sets of ground anchors 9 are driven in according to the design orientation. The first standard section 1 of the truss is assembled and erected in the predetermined position. The workers use a spirit level to check the verticality of the tower body, and rotate the threaded adjustment rods 22 at the three corner points respectively. If a side is too low, the adjustment rod is rotated to lift that side until the tower body is completely vertical. Finally, the first layer of temporary guy ropes is connected to ensure that the first section of the tower body is stable and does not fall.

[0032] Step 2: The hoisting device installation personnel, wearing safety belts, climb to the top of the first tower section, insert the fixed pulley and the positioning pin of the mounting base 3 into the flange hole at the top of the tower and lock the pin shaft. Then, install the main hoisting boom 5 and pass the main hoisting winch 4 through the fixed pulley, lowering the rope end to the ground.

[0033] Step 3: Lifting preparation and guidance. Ground personnel transport the second tower section 6 to be lifted to the side of the tower base, install the combined lifting device 7 at the top 1 / 3 of the second tower section and tighten the clamping bolts. Then, perform the key step: align the guide buckle 72 on the combined lifting device 7 with the opening of the guide groove 71 on the first tower section from below and push it upward to allow it to enter the slide rail. Finally, connect the main lifting winch line 4 to the lifting device ring.

[0034] Step 4: Two operators on the ground will crank the manual winch at a constant speed during the lifting operation. As the winch line tightens, the second tower section will begin to lift off the ground. Because the guide buckle 72 is restricted within the guide groove 71, the tower section cannot rotate and will maintain a stable ascent parallel to the first tower section. If adjustments or rest are needed midway, the operators can simply release the crank handle, the winch will self-lock, and the tower section will hover in the air without the need for additional braking.

[0035] Step 5: High-altitude docking and assembly. When the second tower section is lifted to the point where its bottom flange is slightly higher than the top flange of the first tower section, the lifting is stopped. The high-altitude workers hold the tower section and direct the ground to make minor adjustments to the height. Due to the limiting of the guide system, the holes of the upper and lower flanges are basically aligned and are very easy to align. Insert the connecting bolts and tighten them with a wrench to complete the docking.

[0036] Step Six: Cyclic Lifting and Device Relocation: Remove the combined lifting device 7 from the second tower section and lower it back to the ground via pulleys. Remove the fixed pulley and mounting base 3 from the top of the first tower section and manually move them to the top of the newly installed second tower section for re-fixing. Repeat steps three to five to complete the hoisting of the remaining 8 tower sections in sequence.

[0037] Step 7: Final reinforcement and delivery After all tower sections are installed, tighten all bolts on the tower. Install permanent guy ropes at the designed heights of 15m, 30m, and 45m. Finely adjust the tension to ensure that the tower's straightness deviation is less than 1 / 1500. Finally, remove all auxiliary hoisting tools and clean the site before handing it over for use.

[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simple, manually hoisted signal tower for mountainous areas, characterized in that, This includes the tower structure system, support and leveling system, manual lifting power system, and anti-rotation guidance system; The tower structure system consists of several longitudinally spliced ​​standard truss sections (1); The support and leveling system is installed at the bottom of the first standard section of the truss (1) to adapt to non-horizontal ground in mountainous areas; The manual lifting power system includes a main lifting boom (5), a fixed pulley and mounting base (3) and a manual winch with a self-locking function. The fixed pulley and mounting base (3) are installed on the top of the standard section (1) of the truss that has been put in place. The anti-rotation guidance system includes a guide trajectory mechanism arranged along the axial direction of the standard section (1) of the truss and a combined lifting device (7) connected to the tower section (6) to be lifted. The combined lifting device (7) cooperates with the guide trajectory mechanism to restrict the horizontal rotation of the tower section (6) to be lifted during the lifting process.

2. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support leveling system includes a support base (21), an adjustable support plate (2), and a threaded adjustment rod (22); the adjustable support plate (2) is hinged to the support base (21), and the threaded adjustment rod (22) is connected between the support base (21) and the adjustable support plate (2), and the support angle and height can be changed by rotating the adjustment rod.

3. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard truss section (1) is a triangular or quadrangular truss structure made of welded steel. Each standard truss section (1) has connecting flanges at both ends. The prefabricated length of the standard truss section (1) is 3 to 5 meters.

4. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manual winch in the power system is a worm gear type with a two-way self-locking function; the main lifting rod (5) is a hollow steel pipe structure with a clamping mechanism at the bottom, which is used to fix the main lifting rod (5) on the main material of the standard section (1) of the truss.

5. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide track mechanism of the anti-rotation guide system is a guide groove (71) set on the outer wall of one side of the standard section (1) of the truss. The guide groove (71) is a C-shaped or U-shaped channel steel structure with an opening, and forms a continuous vertical slide rail after adjacent standard sections (1) are connected.

6. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The combined lifting device (7) is provided with a guide buckle (72) that matches the guide groove (71). The guide buckle (72) is embedded in the guide groove (71) and slides up and down along the groove to prevent the tower section (6) to be lifted from swinging by mechanical limiting.

7. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined lifting device (7) also includes a main lifting beam and a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism clamps and fixes the main material of the tower section (6) to be lifted by bolt assembly. The main lifting beam is provided with a lifting ring in the middle for connecting the main lifting winch line (4).

8. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower structure system is fixed to the ground by a multi-layer flexible reinforcement system. The flexible reinforcement system includes multiple guy ropes (8) and ground anchors (9). One end of the guy rope (8) is connected to the node of the standard section (1) of the truss by a shackle, and the other end is tensioned and fixed to the ground anchor (9) driven into the ground by turnbuckles.

9. A simple manually hoisted signal tower in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed pulley and mounting base (3) includes a mounting base body and a pulley assembly. The mounting base body is provided with a quick positioning pin that matches the top flange hole of the standard section of the truss (1) for quick assembly and disassembly at different working heights.

10. A method for hoisting a simple signal tower in a mountainous area using any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Foundation prefabrication and first section installation. Level a small area on the construction site, install the foundation base, assemble the first standard section of the truss (1) and stand it on the foundation base. Correct the verticality by adjusting the threaded adjustment rod (22) of the support leveling system, and set the first layer guy rope (8). Step 2: The lifting device installation personnel climb to the top of the first standard section of the truss (1), install the fixed pulley and mounting seat (3) and the main lifting boom (5), and pass the main lifting winch (4) through the pulley; Step 3: Lifting and docking. On the ground, connect the second tower section (6) to be lifted to the combined lifting tool (7), and insert the guide buckle (72) of the combined lifting tool (7) into the guide groove (71) of the first truss standard section (1); the ground personnel operate the manual winch to pull the main lifting winch line (4), so that the second tower section (6) to be lifted can rise smoothly along the guide groove (71) to the design height; Step 4: High-altitude assembly. High-altitude workers assemble the second tower section (6) to be hoisted and the first truss standard section (1) into a whole using flanges and bolts. Step 5: In the cyclic lifting process, disassemble the fixed pulley and mounting base (3) and the main lifting rod (5) and lift them to the top of the newly assembled standard truss section (1). Repeat steps 3 and 4 to lift the subsequent tower sections (6) to be lifted section by section until the design height is reached. Step 6: After the installation of all standard truss sections (1) is completed, remove the lifting device, tighten all connecting bolts, lay permanent guy ropes (8) at the designed height level and adjust the tension, set up a safety fence at the bottom of the tower, and complete the delivery.

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