Limiting device for vehicle door opening and closing, vehicle door assembly with limiting device and vehicle
By introducing an adjustment device into the door limiting device, and using a power source to drive the adjustment plate to change the deformation of the elastic element, the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive adjustment of over-gear torque in the existing technology is solved, realizing fast and reliable over-gear torque adjustment and optimized door opening and closing experience, thus improving vehicle quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing door limiting devices are time-consuming and labor-intensive to test, and the test results cannot accurately reflect their performance. It is also difficult to adjust the over-grip torque according to the user's subjective feelings to obtain an ideal door opening and closing experience.
A limit device for car door opening and closing is designed, comprising a limit arm, a limit mechanism, and an adjustment device. The over-grip torque of the limit mechanism on the limit arm is adjusted by the adjustment device, and the adjustment plate is moved by a power source to change the deformation of the elastic element, thereby achieving fast and reliable adjustment of the over-grip torque.
It enables quick and reliable adjustment of the over-grip torque of the limit device, satisfying different users' preferences for the feel of opening and closing the door, and improving the vehicle's door opening and closing experience and quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN121827638A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vehicle parts, in particular to a limiting device for vehicle door opening and closing, a vehicle door assembly having the same and a vehicle. BACKGROUND
[0002] In order to balance the smoothness of opening the door and the sound quality of closing the door, a limiting device for vehicle door opening and closing (such as a door stopper) is usually configured on the door to affect the overhanging torque when the door is opened and closed and to limit the opening degree of the door. However, the existing limiting device generally needs to go through the links of sample manufacturing-evaluation-feedback-modification, which has the problems of time and labor consumption, and because there are many influencing factors in the test environment, the test results of the limiting device sample cannot accurately reflect its own performance, so it is necessary to improve or optimize the structure of the existing limiting device, so that relevant parties can independently adjust the overhanging torque according to their subjective feelings (such as the feeling when opening and closing the door) to obtain a better opening and closing experience. SUMMARY
[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a limiting device for vehicle door opening and closing, a vehicle door assembly having the same and a vehicle, to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
[0004] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a limiting device for vehicle door opening and closing, which comprises: a limiting arm for being pivotally connected with a vehicle body; a limiting mechanism for being fixedly connected with a door and movably arranged on the limiting arm; an adjusting device arranged on the limiting mechanism, the adjusting device comprising an adjusting mechanism and an adjusting plate, the adjusting mechanism having an input end and an output end, the input end being arranged to be connected with a power source, the output end being connected with the adjusting plate, the adjusting mechanism being arranged to drive the adjusting plate to move so as to adjust the overhanging torque of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm.
[0005] In an embodiment, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting box, an elastic member and a sliding block arranged in the limiting box, the limiting box being arranged to cooperate with a fastener to realize the fixed connection of the limiting mechanism with the door, the elastic member being arranged to provide an elastic force, the sliding block being arranged between the elastic member and the limiting arm and being in contact with both of them, the sliding block being arranged to transmit the elastic force of the elastic member to the limiting arm, the adjusting plate being arranged in the limiting box and being in contact with the elastic member.
[0006] In an embodiment, the number of the elastic members and the sliding blocks is multiple, the multiple elastic members and the multiple sliding blocks being symmetrically distributed on both sides of the limiting arm in one limiting box to clamp the limiting arm, and the adjusting plate being in contact with one of the elastic members.
[0007] In an embodiment, the adjusting mechanism comprises a mechanism housing, a worm, a worm wheel and a screw rod, the mechanism housing is arranged on the door, one end of the worm is located outside the mechanism housing and is used for connecting with the power source, the other end of the worm is located inside the mechanism housing, the worm wheel is arranged inside the mechanism housing and is engaged with the other end of the worm, the screw rod is arranged vertically and the upper end of the screw rod penetrates through the mechanism housing and is engaged with the worm wheel, and the lower end of the screw rod is connected with the adjusting plate.
[0008] In an embodiment, the limiting arm comprises a limiting arm core and a limiting arm body, and the limiting arm body is wrapped outside the limiting arm core.
[0009] In an embodiment, the outer surface of the limiting arm body has a corrugated structure, the extension direction of the corrugated structure is the same as the length direction of the limiting arm, and the corrugated structure is used for limiting the opening amplitude of the door relative to the vehicle body.
[0010] In an embodiment, the limiting device further comprises a limiting arm support, one end of the limiting arm support is used for fixedly connecting with the vehicle body, and the other end of the limiting arm support is hingedly connected with one end of the limiting arm and can rotate around one end of the limiting arm in a horizontal plane.
[0011] In an embodiment, the limiting device further comprises a stopper used for limiting the movement of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm, and the stopper is fixedly connected with the other end of the limiting arm.
[0012] The second aspect of the present application provides a door assembly comprising the limiting device for door opening and closing as described in the above technical solutions.
[0013] The third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle comprising the door assembly as described in the above technical solutions.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application is based on the design concept of adding an adjusting device to the limiting mechanism, and the adjusting device adjusts the over-stopping torque of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm. Compared with the prior art which mainly changes the structure of the limiting arm to change the over-stopping torque, the present application can quickly and reliably adjust the over-stopping torque of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm, and can also meet the different preferences of different users for the feeling of opening and closing the door, thereby improving the quality of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.
[0016] Figure 1 A state diagram of a limiting device for a vehicle door switch provided by an embodiment of the present application when used on a vehicle.
[0017] Figure 2 A perspective view of a limiting device for a vehicle door switch provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0018] Figure 3 A front view of a limiting device for a vehicle door switch provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Figure 4 A sectional view of a limiting device for a vehicle door switch provided by an embodiment of the present application in the A-A direction.
[0020] Figure 5 A partial structure diagram of a limiting device for a vehicle door switch provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Legend of reference signs: 100, limiting device; 10, limiting arm; 11, limiting arm core; 12, limiting arm body; 12a, corrugated structure; 20, limiting mechanism; 21, limiting box; 21a, limiting box body; 21b, limiting box top cover; 21c, limiting box bottom plate; 21d, avoiding opening; 21e, assembly cavity; 22, elastic member; 23, sliding block; 30, adjusting device; 31, adjusting mechanism; 31a, mechanism housing; 31b, lead screw; 32, adjusting plate; 33, push plate; 40, limiting arm support; 50, stop block; 60, power source; 70, signal processor; 80, fastener; 1, vehicle body; 2, vehicle door; H, closed height of the limiting device; H1, distance from the end surface of the sliding block and the elastic member to the contact point of the sliding block and the limiting arm; t, distance from the contact point of the sliding block and the limiting arm to the center line of the limiting arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the description of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.
[0024] The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of description and simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.
[0025] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., are used merely to distinguish elements with similar properties, not to indicate or imply relative importance or a specific order.
[0026] The terms “include,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which includes not only the elements listed but also other elements not expressly listed.
[0027] To balance smooth door opening and quiet door closing, car doors are typically equipped with door opening and closing limit devices (such as door limiters) to influence the torque applied during opening and closing and limit the door's opening angle. However, existing limit devices generally require a series of steps involving prototype manufacturing, evaluation, feedback, and modification, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, due to influencing factors in the testing environment (such as the overall vehicle environment and subjective human perception), it is necessary to structurally improve or optimize existing limit devices. This would allow stakeholders to adjust the torque based on their own subjective experience (such as the feel of the door opening and closing) to achieve a better door opening and closing experience, thereby improving vehicle quality.
[0028] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a door opening and closing limiting device 100, which is installed between and connected to the vehicle body 1 (such as a body sheet metal) and the door 2 to limit the opening range of the door 2 relative to the vehicle body 1.
[0029] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the limiting device 100 includes a limiting arm 10, a limiting mechanism 20, and an adjusting device 30. The limiting mechanism 20 is movably mounted on the limiting arm 10, and the adjusting device 30 is mounted on the limiting mechanism 20. It should be noted that the adjusting device 30 includes an adjusting mechanism 31 and an adjusting plate 32. The adjusting mechanism 31 has an input end and an output end. The input end is connected to a power source 60, and the output end is connected to the adjusting plate 32. The adjusting mechanism 31 is used to drive the adjusting plate 32 to move, thereby adjusting the over-thrust torque of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10. It is worth mentioning that the power source 60 mentioned here includes, but is not limited to, electricity and human power; that is, the adjusting plate 32 can move under electric drive, such as by a motor, or under human drive, such as manual operation.
[0030] For example, from an overall perspective, the limiting arm 10 has a rod-like or similar structure, which is used for pivotal connection with the vehicle body 1. Specifically, the limiting arm 10 includes a limiting arm core 11 and a limiting arm body 12, wherein the limiting arm body 12 is wrapped around the limiting arm core 11. Preferably, the strength of the limiting arm core 11 is greater than the strength of the limiting arm body 12, which helps to ensure the service life of the limiting arm 10. It should be noted that, in order to reliably limit the opening range of the door 2 relative to the vehicle body 1, the outer surface of the limiting arm body 12 is formed with a corrugated structure 12a, such as a concave-convex structure or similar structure, and the extending direction of the corrugated structure 12a is the same as the length direction of the limiting arm 10. Thus, as the car door 2 gradually opens or closes, that is, as the limiting mechanism 20 moves on the limiting arm 10, due to the adjustment effect of the corrugated structure 12a, on the one hand, this can produce multiple opening ranges, such as the first opening range of 20 degrees, the second opening range of 40 degrees, the third opening range of 60 degrees, etc. On the other hand, this allows the user to feel the change in resistance when the car door 2 is opened and closed, so that the user can judge the opening range of the car door 2.
[0031] The limiting mechanism 20 is used for fixed connection with the door 2. Specifically, the limiting mechanism 20 includes a limiting box 21, an elastic element 22, and a slider 23. The elastic element 22 and the slider 23 are arranged inside the limiting box 21, and the slider 23 is located between and in contact with the elastic element 22 and the limiting arm 10. It should be noted that the limiting box 21 is used to cooperate with fasteners 80 (such as fastening bolts) to achieve a fixed connection between the limiting mechanism 20 and the door 2. The limiting box 21 includes a limiting box body 21a, a limiting box top cover 21b, and a limiting box bottom plate 21c. The limiting box body 21a has an interconnected clearance opening 21d and an assembly cavity 21e. The clearance opening 21d is for the limiting arm 10 to pass through, and the assembly cavity 21e is for accommodating the elastic element 22 and the slider 23. The limiting box top cover 21b is installed at the upper end of the limiting box body 21a, and the limiting box bottom plate 21c is installed at the lower end of the limiting box body 21a. The elastic element 22 provides elastic force. Preferably, the elastic element 22 is a mechanical part that operates using elasticity, meaning that the elastic element 22 can deform under external force and return to its original shape after the external force is removed, such as a spring made of elastic material or a similar structure. The slider 23 transmits the elastic force of the elastic element 22 to the limiting arm 10, and the slider 23 can slide along the length of the limiting arm 10. Preferably, the elastic element 22 and the slider 23 are both arranged vertically within the limiting box 21, which helps to make the limiting mechanism 20 have a reasonable and compact structural arrangement. When the limiting mechanism 20 is connected to the limiting arm 10, the limiting arm 10 passes through the clearance opening 21d, and the elastic element 22 and the slider 23 are located in the assembly cavity 21e between the top cover 21b and the bottom plate 21c of the limiting box, and the elastic element 22 abuts against the long side wall of the limiting arm 10 through the slider 23.
[0032] It is worth mentioning that, in order to make the over-stop torque of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10 adjustable, the adjusting plate 32 is located inside the limiting box 21 and in contact with the elastic member 22. Specifically, the upper end of the elastic member 22 is in contact with the adjusting plate 32, the lower end of the elastic member 22 is in contact with the slider 23, and the elastic member 22 is pressed against the limiting box 21, that is, the elastic member 22 is in a compressed state.
[0033] Furthermore, to ensure the smoothness of the limiting mechanism 20 when moving on the limiting arm 10, the number of elastic elements 22 and sliders 23 is multiple. Preferably, the number of elastic elements 22 and sliders 23 is even, such as two or four. In this embodiment, the number of elastic elements 22 and sliders 23 is two. Specifically, the two elastic elements 22 and the two sliders 23 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the limiting arm 10 within a limiting box 21 to clamp the limiting arm 10. Each elastic element 22 abuts against the long side wall of the limiting arm 10 through a slider 23. By subjecting the opposite sides of the limiting arm 10 to abutment pressure, this helps to ensure the smoothness of the door 2 when opening and closing. It should be noted that, in order to adjust the over-stop torque of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10, one elastic element 22 above the limiting arm 10 contacts the adjusting plate 32. Specifically, an elastic element 22 above the limiting arm 10 presses against the adjusting plate 32 and a slider 23, while another elastic element 22 below the limiting arm 10 presses against the bottom plate 21c of the limiting box and another slider 23.
[0034] Exemplarily, the adjustment mechanism 31 includes a mechanism housing 31a, a worm (not shown in the figure), a worm wheel (not shown in the figure), and a lead screw 31b. The mechanism housing 31a is mounted on the door 2. One end of the worm is located outside the mechanism housing 31a and is used to connect to a power source 60 (such as a motor or other drive mechanism). The other end of the worm is mounted inside the mechanism housing 31a. The worm wheel is mounted inside the mechanism housing 31a and meshes with the other end of the worm. The lead screw 31b is vertically arranged, with its upper end penetrating the mechanism housing 31a and meshing with the worm wheel. The lower end of the lead screw 31b is connected to the adjustment plate 32. Specifically, the external teeth of the worm wheel mesh with the worm, and the internal teeth of the worm wheel mesh with the lead screw 31b.
[0035] Thus, when adjusting the opening and closing feel of the car door 2 (such as a feeling of heaviness or lightness), the power source 60 is first activated. One end of the worm gear rotates synchronously under the drive of the power source 60, transmitting the driving force of the power source 60 to the worm wheel. By rotating the worm wheel, the lead screw 31b moves axially, allowing the adjustment plate 32 connected to the lower end of the lead screw 31b to move vertically. Since the adjustment plate 32 is in contact with an elastic element 22 inside the limit box 21, when the adjustment plate 32 moves vertically, the deformation of the two elastic elements 22 relative to their original state is changed, altering the over-thrust torque of the limit mechanism 20 on the limit arm 10, thereby adjusting the opening and closing feel of the car door 2. Specifically, when the deformation of the two elastic elements 22 is large, the opening and closing feel of the car door 2 is more heavi; when the deformation of the two elastic elements 22 is small, the opening and closing feel of the car door 2 is more light.
[0036] Furthermore, to ensure smooth power transmission, the adjustment mechanism 31 also includes a push plate 33 and a working medium (not shown in the figure). The push plate 33 is movably mounted within the limiting box 21 and is located between the adjustment plate 32 and an elastic element 22. The working medium fills the limiting box body 21a and is located between the push plate 33 and the adjustment plate 32. Preferably, the working medium is lubricating oil, such as hydraulic oil, which can accurately and sensitively transmit power under varying operating temperatures. Through the power transmission between the adjustment plate 32, the working medium, and the push plate 33, the impact load during power transmission is reduced. It is worth noting that the power at this time is provided by a drive mechanism that uses electricity to generate prime mover power.
[0037] Furthermore, to achieve a pivotal connection between the limiting arm 10 and the vehicle body 1, the limiting device 100 also includes a limiting arm bracket 40. Specifically, one end of the limiting arm bracket 40 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1, and the other end of the limiting arm bracket 40 is hinged to one end of the limiting arm 10 and can rotate in the horizontal plane about one end of the limiting arm 10. Preferably, the limiting arm bracket 40 has an L-shaped or similar structure. This facilitates the rotational connection between the limiting arm 10 and the vehicle body 1.
[0038] Furthermore, to limit the movement of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10, the limiting device 100 also includes a stop 50. Specifically, the stop 50 is fixedly connected to the other end of the limiting arm 10. Preferably, the stop 50 is a block structure made of a flexible material. On the one hand, this helps to limit the maximum opening of the door 2; on the other hand, it helps to reduce vibration and impact.
[0039] In summary, this application is based on the design concept of adding an adjustment device 30 to the limiting mechanism 20. By adjusting the over-gear torque of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10 through the adjustment device 30, compared with the prior art which mainly achieves the change of over-gear torque by changing the structure of the limiting arm 10, it can not only quickly and reliably adjust the over-gear torque of the limiting mechanism 20 on the limiting arm 10, but also help to meet the different preferences of different users for the feel of opening and closing the door, thereby improving the quality of the vehicle.
[0040] To facilitate understanding of the improved concept of this application, the improvement principle of this application is explained as follows: Under normal circumstances, the over-stop force F of the limiting device 100 itself is generated by the compression of the elastic element 22 when the slider 23 climbs up the limiting arm 10, and it can be determined according to formula (1): F = M * K * △L (1) Where M is the number of elastic elements 22, K is the elastic modulus of elastic element 22, and ΔL is the compression of a single elastic element 22.
[0041] like Figure 5As shown, based on the structural characteristics of the limiting device 100, the compression amount of a single elastic element 22 can be determined according to formula (2): △L=L0-(H-H1-t)(2) Where L0 is the length of a single elastic element 22 in its free state, H is the closed height of the limiting device 100, H1 is the distance from the end face of the slider 23 that mates with the elastic element 22 to the contact point between the slider 23 and the limiting arm 10, and t is the distance from the contact point between the slider 23 and the limiting arm 10 to the center line of the limiting arm 10.
[0042] In the process of opening and closing the door 2, in order to achieve different gear forces, the usual practice is to change H1 and t to change ΔL, that is, to change the shape of the limit arm 10 (modify the mold), thereby changing the gear force.
[0043] This application primarily uses the adjusting device 30 to adjust the deformation of the elastic element 22, thereby changing the closing height H of the limiting device 100 to quickly and reliably change the over-stop force. By avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive task of modifying the external structure of the limiting arm 10, the development cycle of the limiting device 100 is shortened.
[0044] Example 2 An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides a door assembly that includes a limiting device 100 as described in Embodiment 1.
[0045] Furthermore, the door assembly also includes a power source 60 and a signal processor 70. The power source 60 is mounted on the door 2 and is connected to the input of the adjustment mechanism 31. The signal processor 70 is communicatively connected to the power source 60. Preferably, the power source 60 is a drive mechanism that uses electricity to generate prime mover power, such as an electric motor or similar structure. This improves the efficiency and stability of power transmission and allows users to adjust the torque of the door 2 during opening and closing electrically according to their subjective experience, thus achieving a better door opening and closing experience.
[0046] Example 3 An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides a vehicle that includes a door assembly as described in Embodiment 2, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the vehicle, especially the door opening and closing experience.
[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A limiting device for opening and closing a vehicle door, characterized in that, The limiting device comprises: a limiting arm, which is pivotally connected to the vehicle body; a limiting mechanism, which is fixedly connected to the vehicle door and movably arranged on the limiting arm; an adjusting device, which is arranged on the limiting mechanism and comprises an adjusting mechanism and an adjusting plate, the adjusting mechanism has an input end and an output end, the input end is connected to a power source, and the output end is connected to the adjusting plate, the adjusting mechanism is used to drive the adjusting plate to move so as to adjust the overhanging torque of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm.
2. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 1, wherein The limiting mechanism comprises a limiting box, an elastic member and a sliding block arranged in the limiting box, the limiting box is used to cooperate with a fastener to achieve the fixed connection between the limiting mechanism and the vehicle door, the elastic member is used to provide an elastic force, the sliding block is arranged between the elastic member and the limiting arm and in contact with both, and the sliding block is used to transmit the elastic force of the elastic member to the limiting arm, and the adjusting plate is located in the limiting box and in contact with the elastic member.
3. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 2, wherein The number of the elastic members and the sliding blocks is multiple, the multiple elastic members and the multiple sliding blocks are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the limiting arm in one limiting box to clamp the limiting arm, and the adjusting plate is in contact with one elastic member.
4. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 1, wherein The adjusting mechanism comprises a mechanism housing, a worm, a worm wheel and a lead screw, the mechanism housing is arranged on the vehicle door, one end of the worm is located outside the mechanism housing and is connected to the power source, the other end of the worm is located in the mechanism housing, the worm wheel is arranged in the mechanism housing and is in mesh with the other end of the worm, the lead screw is arranged in a vertical direction, the upper end of the lead screw penetrates through the mechanism housing and is in mesh with the worm wheel, and the lower end of the lead screw is connected to the adjusting plate.
5. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 1, wherein The limiting arm comprises a limiting arm core and a limiting arm body, and the limiting arm body is wrapped outside the limiting arm core.
6. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 5, wherein The outer surface of the limiting arm body has a corrugated structure, the extension direction of the corrugated structure is the same as the length direction of the limiting arm, and the corrugated structure is used to limit the opening amplitude of the vehicle door relative to the vehicle body.
7. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 1, wherein The limiting device further comprises a limiting arm support, one end of the limiting arm support is fixedly connected to the vehicle body, the other end of the limiting arm support is hingedly connected to one end of the limiting arm and can rotate around one end of the limiting arm in a horizontal plane.
8. The stopper for a door switch according to claim 1, wherein The limiting device further comprises a stopper, which is used to limit the movement of the limiting mechanism on the limiting arm and is fixedly connected to the other end of the limiting arm.
9. A vehicle door assembly characterized by, The vehicle door opening and closing limiting device comprises the vehicle door opening and closing limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The vehicle door assembly comprises the vehicle door assembly according to claim 9.