Water inlet flow self-adaptive injection assembly for powder water ramjet engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a water inlet flow self-adaptive injection assembly for a powder water ramjet engine. The water inlet flow self-adaptive injection assembly comprises a water inlet cabin section, a nozzle, a water inlet pipeline, an electric flow control valve, a pressure sensor and a micro PID controller. The water inlet cabin section has the function of a combustion chamber and is of a hollow interlayer type annular cavity structure, an outer interlayer is provided with a water inlet connector and a pressure measuring connector, an inner interlayer is provided with a nozzle connector, the front end is connected with the powder supply cabin section through a flange, and the rear end is connected with the spray pipe through a flange. The electric flow control valve is arranged on the water inlet pipeline to control the flow area; the pressure sensors respectively collect the pressure in the interlayer and the combustion chamber; and the micro PID controller receives an input pressure difference signal, and controls the electric flow control valve to change the flow area through a PID control algorithm to regulate and control the water flow to form closed-loop control, so that water flow self-adaptive injection at the nozzle end is realized. The powder water ramjet engine can achieve full-working-condition self-adaptive work by adjusting the water flow in a self-adaptive mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of novel underwater propulsion and relates to an adaptive water flow injection component for a powder water jet engine. Background Technology

[0002] The powder water jet engine is an essential condition for achieving high speed, long range, and maintaining supercavitation stability in hypersonic torpedoes. It plays a decisive role in the realization of hypersonic torpedoes and is an urgent requirement for their development. The powder water jet engine mainly consists of an inlet pipe, injector, combustion chamber, tail nozzle, fuel, and its supply system. Its working process is as follows: When the vehicle moves at high speed underwater, water enters the combustion chamber through the inlet pipe under dynamic pressure; part of the water is atomized by the injection and reacts with the metallic fuel in the combustion chamber, releasing heat; the other part acts as the working fluid, absorbing heat and converting into water vapor; the high-temperature, high-pressure two-phase working fluid generated in the combustion chamber flows out at high speed through the nozzle, thus generating thrust. During operation, the inlet water flow rate needs to be precisely matched with the fuel flow rate to achieve efficient combustion. However, changes in the underwater vehicle's depth and speed can easily lead to significant changes in the inlet pressure. Existing injection components mostly use individual fixed orifices, making it difficult to quickly respond and achieve adaptive water flow rate adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an adaptive water inlet flow injection component for powder water jet engines, solving problems such as the inability of fixed-aperture injectors to adapt to changing inlet pressure, insufficient flow leading to a drop in combustion chamber pressure and insufficient thrust at low water pressure, and excessive flow potentially causing the engine to stop working at high water pressure.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine includes an inlet section, a nozzle, an inlet pipeline, an electric flow control valve, a pressure sensor, and a micro PID controller. The inlet section is an integral structure comprising a cylindrical inner and outer interlayer that are coaxial. The outer interlayer and the inner interlayer are welded closed at their front and rear ends, forming an annular cavity between the outer and inner interlayers. The inner interlayer has a nozzle interface for mounting a nozzle, and the outer interlayer has an inlet interface and a pressure measurement interface for connecting to the inlet pipeline and mounting the pressure sensor, respectively. The electric flow control valve is located on the inlet pipeline, and the electric flow control valve and the pressure sensor are connected to the micro PID controller via wires.

[0005] The present invention also includes the following technical features: Specifically, the front end of the water inlet section is connected to the powder supply section via a flange, and the rear end is connected to the nozzle via a flange.

[0006] Specifically, the nozzle is installed at the nozzle interface and multiple nozzles are distributed circumferentially along the inner interlayer; the threaded side of the nozzle is equipped with an O-ring for end-face sealing.

[0007] Specifically, the water inlet interface on the outer interlayer is connected to the water inlet pipe, so that the water inlet pipe is connected to the interlayer annular cavity.

[0008] Specifically, the electric flow control valve controls the flow area on the inlet pipe. S .

[0009] Specifically, the pressure sensor is installed on the pressure measurement port on the outer jacket near the nozzle to collect the pressure inside the jacket annular cavity and the combustion chamber. P 1 and P 2; The micro PID controller receives the input differential pressure signal ∆ P .

[0010] A powder water jet engine includes an adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for the powder water jet engine, and further includes a powder supply compartment and a nozzle; the front end of the water inlet compartment of the adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly is connected to the powder supply compartment by a flange and fastened with high-strength bolts and nuts; the rear end of the water inlet compartment is connected to the nozzle by a flange.

[0011] Specifically, the size of the water intake section, the number of nozzles, and the size of the water intake pipes can be adjusted according to the engine's operating conditions to meet the mission requirements of different aircraft.

[0012] A method for adaptively adjusting the water flow rate of an adaptive injection assembly for a powder water jet engine, wherein the micro PID controller receives an input differential pressure signal ∆. P The PID control algorithm can quickly respond to changes in the flow area. S Regulating water flow Q This forms a closed-loop control system, thereby enabling adaptive injection of water flow at the nozzle end; whereby the water flow... Q for:

[0013] in, Q Let C be the water flow rate, and Δ be a constant. P For pressure difference, when the incoming flow pressure difference Δ P When changes occur, the flow area is automatically adjusted. S Maintain water flow Q The relative stability;

[0014] in, D Where is the diameter of the inlet pipe, f is the coefficient of friction, and L is the length of the inlet pipe. The fluid density is given.

[0015] Specifically, the control strategy of the PID control algorithm is as follows: receive the water flow signal and compare it with the preset target flow value. Based on the generated error signal, generate control commands through PID calculation to drive the electric flow control valve to operate, so that the actual inflow flow dynamically tracks the preset target flow value, thereby achieving adaptive flow regulation that is not affected by fluctuations in the incoming water pressure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: This invention adds pressure signal acquisition, flow control valve and PID microcontroller to realize automatic and continuous adjustment of flow area according to the change of inlet water pressure, so as to achieve the purpose of adaptive adjustment of water flow in combustion chamber, thereby stabilizing the water flow entering combustion chamber within an ideal range.

[0017] This invention enables the powder water jet engine to operate adaptively under all conditions by adaptively adjusting the water flow rate. It achieves adaptive adjustment of the flow rate across the entire operating range from low to high water pressure, ensuring stable operation of the engine at different navigation depths and speeds.

[0018] This invention utilizes a multi-channel signal fusion feedback mechanism and PID real-time control, which features rapid response.

[0019] This invention stabilizes the water inlet flow rate, better matching it with the fuel supply, thereby maintaining efficient and stable combustion in the combustion chamber and significantly improving engine performance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This invention relates to an adaptive water flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is the internal ballistic test curve of the powder water jet engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Inlet section; 1-1. Flange; 1-2. Jacketed annular cavity; 2. Nozzle; 2-1. O-ring; 3. Inlet pipeline; 4. Electric flow control valve; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Miniature PID controller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides an adaptive injection assembly for a powder water jet engine, including: an inlet section 1, a nozzle 2, an inlet pipe 3, an electric flow control valve 4, a pressure sensor 5, and a micro PID controller 6. The inlet section 1 is an integral structure, including a cylindrical inner layer and an outer layer that are coaxial. The outer layer and the inner layer are welded closed at their front and rear ends, forming an annular cavity 1-2 between the outer and inner layers. The inner layer is provided with a nozzle interface for installing the nozzle 2, and the outer layer is provided with an inlet interface and a pressure measuring interface for connecting to the inlet pipe 3 and installing the pressure sensor 5, respectively. The electric flow control valve 4 is located on the inlet pipe 3, and the electric flow control valve 4 and the pressure sensor 5 are connected to the micro PID controller 6 via wires.

[0025] As a key connection and functional component of the entire assembly, the water inlet section 1 also functions as a combustion chamber and has a hollow sandwich annular cavity structure. The front end of the water inlet section 1 is connected to the powder supply section via flange 1-1, and the rear end is connected to the nozzle via flange 1-1.

[0026] Furthermore, the intake section 1 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloy material, and consists of two concentric inner and outer layers machined. An interface is created on the outer layer, with the threads precisely machined to standard specifications to ensure a tight and reliable connection. Six threaded interfaces for nozzle installation are fabricated on the inner layer, and the interfaces are countersunk to ensure smoothness, facilitating easy nozzle installation and sealing. Finally, the machined inner and outer layers are welded together to form the intake tank shell.

[0027] Multiple nozzles 2 are circumferentially installed inside the water tank. The threaded side of nozzle 2 is equipped with an O-ring 2-1 for end-face sealing.

[0028] Furthermore, when installing nozzle 2, first clean the threaded portion of nozzle 2 to remove impurities and burrs to ensure a good seal. Then, install O-ring 2-1 on the threaded side of nozzle 2. Next, align nozzle 2 with the pre-reserved nozzle interface in the inner layer of the water inlet section 1 and slowly screw it in until it is fully installed, forming a stable water flow path with the hollow structure of the water inlet section, ensuring that water can be smoothly injected into the combustion chamber.

[0029] The water inlet pipe 3 is connected to the water inlet interface reserved in the outer layer of the water inlet section 1, and the front end is used to receive water from the water inlet channel; the water inlet pipe 3 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

[0030] The electric flow control valve 4 is installed on the inlet pipe 3, and its function is to control the flow rate. Q A control signal is needed to adjust the flow area of ​​the inlet pipe 3. S It is required to have the ability to monitor the influent flow rate in real time and feed the signal back to the micro PID controller 6.

[0031] Pressure sensors 5 are installed on the pressure measurement interfaces reserved in the outer interlayer of the water inlet chamber 1 and the front of the nozzle, respectively, to collect the pressure in the interlayer annular cavity 1-2 and the combustion chamber 1. P 1 and P 2.

[0032] Furthermore, the electric flow control valve 4 and pressure sensor 5 are connected to the micro PID controller 6 via wires to achieve communication / control functions.

[0033] In other embodiments, a method for adaptively adjusting the water flow rate of an adaptive injection assembly for a powder water jet engine is also provided, wherein a micro PID controller 6 receives an input differential pressure signal ∆. P (i.e., the pressure inside the interlayer annular cavity 1-2 and the combustion chamber 1) P 1 and P (Pressure difference of 2), and quickly respond to changes in the flow area through a PID control algorithm. S Regulating water flow Q A closed-loop control is formed to achieve adaptive injection of water flow at the nozzle end.

[0034] Furthermore, due to the high velocity of the water entering the pipeline, the water flow is turbulent, and the flow rate... Q Circulation area S and pressure difference Δ P The quantitative relationship between them can be derived from the Darcy-Weisbach formula. ,in D Let f be the diameter of the inlet pipe, f be the friction coefficient of the inlet pipe, and L be the length of the inlet pipe. Let be the fluid density. For simplification, excluding from the formula... S and pressure difference Δ P All parameters except those in the constant C are combined into a single constant C. ,but When the incoming flow pressure Δ P When changes occur, the flow area is automatically adjusted. S This will maintain the flow rate of the water inlet pipe. Q The relative stability.

[0035] Furthermore, the PID control strategy is as follows: receive the flow signal from the flow detection unit and compare it with a preset target flow value. Based on the generated error signal, generate control commands through PID calculation to drive the electronically controlled flow regulating valve to operate, so that the actual influent flow dynamically tracks the preset target flow value, thereby achieving adaptive flow regulation unaffected by fluctuations in the incoming water pressure.

[0036] Optionally, the controller is further configured to incorporate feedforward control, adjusting the opening of the electrically controlled flow regulating valve in advance based on changes in inlet water pressure.

[0037] In other embodiments, a powder water jet engine is also provided. After all parts are assembled, when installing the water intake section, its front flange is connected to the flange of the fuel supply section, and high-strength bolts and nuts are used for fastening. The rear flange and nozzle are connected in a similar manner to form a complete powder water jet engine. Based on the engine assembled above, ground internal ballistic tests were conducted, and the test curves are shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0038] In practical applications, structural parameters such as the size of the water intake section 1, the number of nozzles 2, and the size of the water intake pipe 3 can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to the specific operating conditions and requirements of the engine to meet the mission requirements of different aircraft.

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0041] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder water jet engine with adaptive water inlet flow rate injection assembly, characterized in that, The system includes an inlet section (1), a nozzle (2), an inlet pipeline (3), an electric flow control valve (4), a pressure sensor (5), and a micro PID controller (6). The inlet section (1) is an integral structure, including a cylindrical inner layer and an outer layer that are coaxial. The outer layer and the inner layer are welded closed at the front and rear ends, forming an annular cavity (1-2) between the outer layer and the inner layer. The inner layer is provided with a nozzle interface for installing the nozzle (2), and the outer layer is provided with an inlet interface and a pressure measuring interface for connecting the inlet pipeline (3) and installing the pressure sensor (5), respectively. The electric flow control valve (4) is located on the inlet pipeline (3), and the electric flow control valve (4) and the pressure sensor (5) are connected to the micro PID controller (6) by wires.

2. The adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the water inlet section (1) is connected to the powder supply section via flange (1-1), and the rear end is connected to the nozzle via flange (1-1).

3. The adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (2) is installed at the nozzle interface and multiple nozzles (2) are distributed circumferentially along the inner interlayer; the threaded side of the nozzle (2) is equipped with an O-ring (2-1) for end face sealing.

4. The adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet on the outer interlayer is connected to the water inlet pipe (3) so that the water inlet pipe (3) is connected to the interlayer annular cavity (1-2).

5. The adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electric flow control valve (4) controls the flow area on the inlet pipe (3). S .

6. The adaptive water inlet flow injection assembly for a powder water jet engine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (5) is installed on the pressure measuring port near the nozzle on the outer interlayer to collect the pressure in the interlayer annular cavity (1-2) and the combustion chamber. P 1 and P 2; The micro PID controller (6) receives the input differential pressure signal ∆ P .

7. A powder water jet engine, characterized in that, The powder water jet engine adaptive injection assembly includes a powder supply compartment and a nozzle as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. The front end of the water inlet compartment (1) of the adaptive injection assembly is connected to the powder supply compartment by a flange (1-1) and fastened with high-strength bolts and nuts. The rear end of the water inlet compartment (1) is connected to the nozzle by a flange (1-1).

8. The powder water jet engine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The size of the water intake section (1), the number of nozzles (2), and the size of the water intake pipe (3) can be adjusted according to the engine's operating conditions to meet the mission requirements of different aircraft.

9. A method for adaptively adjusting the water flow rate of an adaptive injection assembly for a powder water jet engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The micro PID controller receives the input differential pressure signal ∆. P The PID control algorithm can quickly respond to changes in the flow area. S Regulating water flow Q This forms a closed-loop control system, thereby enabling adaptive injection of water flow at the nozzle end; whereby the water flow... Q for: in, Q Let C be the water flow rate, and Δ be a constant. P For pressure difference, when the incoming flow pressure difference Δ P When changes occur, the flow area is automatically adjusted. S Maintain water flow Q The relative stability; in, D Where is the diameter of the inlet pipe, f is the coefficient of friction, and L is the length of the inlet pipe. The fluid density is given.

10. The method for adaptively adjusting the water flow rate of the powder water jet engine's adaptive water flow rate injection assembly as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The control strategy of the PID control algorithm is as follows: receive the water flow signal and compare it with the preset target flow value. Based on the generated error signal, generate control commands through PID calculation to drive the electric flow control valve to operate, so that the actual inflow flow dynamically tracks the preset target flow value, thereby achieving adaptive flow regulation that is not affected by fluctuations in the incoming water pressure.

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