Multi-echelon hydropower station power generation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to multi-echelon hydropower station power generation equipment which comprises at least two power generation echelons, the multiple power generation echelons are sequentially communicated in the water flow direction, the number of water turbine sets contained in each power generation echelon is gradually increased one by one, and if the number of the water turbine sets in the same power generation echelon is not smaller than two, the water turbine sets are sequentially arranged in parallel; the water turbine set comprises water passing chambers, the water passing chamber of the previous power generation echelon is communicated with the water passing chamber of the next power generation echelon through a water passing pipe, a horn-mouth-shaped water collecting opening is formed in the water passing chamber of the previous power generation echelon, the water collecting opening is communicated with the water passing pipe, and a generator set is arranged in the water collecting opening. According to the multi-echelon hydropower station power generation equipment, the multiple power generation echelons are arranged, the number of the water passing chambers is increased step by step through the gradually-increased water turbine sets of each power generation echelon, water flow is differentiated, kinetic energy of the water flow is utilized in a multi-stage mode for power generation, the overall water flow kinetic energy utilization rate of the power generation equipment can be increased, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower station power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] A water turbine is a key piece of equipment in a hydropower station that converts water energy into mechanical energy, which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. The water turbine drives the runner to rotate through the force of the water flow on the blades, converting the energy of the water into rotational mechanical energy, which ultimately drives the generator to produce electricity.

[0003] Most existing power generation equipment only has one turbine, and the water flow only generates one conversion between water energy and mechanical energy. The water flow has residual kinetic energy, which leads to the low utilization rate of water energy by existing turbine units and the problem of low power generation efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-stage turbine unit that can improve power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of low water energy utilization rate of existing water turbine units, and thus provide a multi-stage water turbine unit that can improve power generation efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage hydropower station power generation device, comprising: At least two turbine generator brigades are provided, and multiple turbine generator brigades are connected sequentially along the direction of water flow. The number of turbine generator units in each turbine generator brigades increases progressively. If there are at least two turbine generator units in the same turbine generator brigades, the turbine generator units are arranged side by side in sequence. The turbine generator units include: The water passage between the water passages of the preceding elevator group and the water passage of the following elevator group: The water pipes are connected, and the water chamber of the previous elevator convoy is equipped with: A funnel-shaped water inlet, which is connected to a water pipe, and the water inlet contains: Generator set.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the generator convoy is provided with four units, which are connected sequentially along the water flow direction, and the number of water turbine units included in the four generator convoys is one, two, three, and four respectively.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a return mechanism is provided between the last generator convoy and the first generator convoy.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the recirculation mechanism includes: A reflux pipe, a first end of the reflux pipe being communicated with the last water passing chamber, the reflux pipe being obliquely arranged and gradually decreasing in height from the last end to the front end so that the water flow flows to the front end, a second end of the reflux pipe being communicated with: A vertically arranged water collecting pipe, a top of the water collecting pipe being communicated with the first water passing chamber.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, a U-shaped section is further arranged on the reflux pipe.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the generator set comprises: A rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being coaxially arranged with the water collecting port, the rotating shaft being provided with: A rotating fan blade, the rotating fan blade being located in the flowing direction of the water flow, the rotating shaft being further sleeved with: A sealed shell, the outer side of the shell being circumferentially distributed with: A flow guiding fan blade, the shell being further provided with: A rotor group.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the bottom of the shell is further provided with: A supporting column.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the rotating fan blade is made of elastic material.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the minimum diameter of the water collecting port is not less than the inner diameter of the water passing pipe.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, the last water passing chamber is provided with: A flow guiding plate, the flow guiding plate being obliquely arranged and gradually decreasing in height from the water flow direction, a gap being arranged between the end of the flow guiding plate and the bottom of the water passing chamber.

[0015] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The multi-stage water power station generator device of the present application can improve the water flow kinetic energy utilization rate of the whole generator device, i.e., improve the power generation efficiency, by arranging multiple generator teams and gradually increasing the number of water passing chambers by using the water turbine groups of each generator team. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to make the content of the present application more easily understood, the present application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present application and in combination with the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the multi-stage water power station generator device in the preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a top view of a multi-stage cascade hydropower station power generation device in a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of A in

[0017] The description of the drawings is as follows: 1, water passing chamber; 2, water passing pipe; 3, water collecting port; 4, backflow pipe; 5, water collecting pipe; 6, rotating shaft; 7, runner vane; 8, housing; 9, flow guiding vane; 10, rotor group; 11, support column; 12, flow guiding plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present application and implement it, but the embodiments are not limiting to the present application.

[0019] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "provided on", "fixed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a middle element. When an element is referred to as "fixed on" another element, or "fixedly connected" with another element, they can be detachably fixed or non-detachably fixed. When an element is referred to as "connected", "rotatably connected" with another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", and similar expressions are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] The terms "first", "second", "third", and the like, as used in the present application, do not represent any specific number or order, but are merely used for name differentiation.

[0022] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1-3 , a multi-stage cascade hydropower station power generation device of the present application includes: at least two power generation stages, a plurality of power generation stages are sequentially connected along the water flow direction, and the number of water turbine groups contained in each power generation stage is sequentially increased, if the number of water turbine groups in the same power generation stage is not less than two, each water turbine group is sequentially arranged side by side, and the water turbine group includes: The water passing chamber 1 is connected with the water passing chamber 1 of the next power generation ladder through: The water passing pipe 2 is connected, and the water passing chamber 1 of the previous power generation ladder is provided with: A trumpet-shaped water collecting port 3, which is connected with the water passing pipe 2, and the water collecting port 3 is provided with: A power generation set.

[0023] The most front water inlet and the most end water outlet, Figures 1-2 The arrow direction in the figure is the water flow direction. According to the water flow direction, the water flow will flow through the multiple power generation ladders in turn, and is differentiated into the water passing chambers 1 of different power generation sets in each power generation ladder, so as to form the differentiation of the water flow. When the water flow speed is fast and the kinetic energy is large, if only one set of power generation set is arranged, the kinetic energy of the water flow will be far more than the maximum power generation efficiency of the single power generation set, the kinetic energy is surplus, which leads to the reduction of the power generation efficiency. Through the differentiation of the water flow, the kinetic energy of each water flow after the differentiation is more suitable for the maximum power generation efficiency of the power generation set, so as to improve the overall water flow kinetic energy utilization rate.

[0024] Preferably, the height of the next power generation ladder is lower than the height of the previous power generation ladder.

[0025] So that the water flow used by the previous power generation ladder accumulates a certain gravitational potential energy through the height difference, increases the kinetic energy carried thereby, and further improves the overall power generation efficiency.

[0026] In one embodiment, the power generation ladders are provided with four, and are connected in turn along the water flow direction. The number of water turbine sets contained in the four power generation ladders is one set, two sets, three sets and four sets in turn.

[0027] The efficiency of the four power generation ladders is optimal. When the number of power generation ladders exceeds four, the power generation efficiency of the end power generation set is too low.

[0028] In one embodiment, the backflow mechanism is further provided between the most end power generation ladder and the most front power generation ladder.

[0029] When the power generation equipment is stopped, a certain amount of water will be accumulated in the water passing chamber 1. Through the backflow mechanism, the water flow remaining in the most end power generation ladder is backflowed, which can avoid the rusting of the power generation set caused by the accumulated water and can also utilize the kinetic energy of the water flow for the second time.

[0030] Preferably, the height of the bottom of the water passing chamber 1 of the power generation ladder except the most end power generation ladder decreases in turn along the water flow direction, so as to facilitate the natural flow of the water at the bottom to the next power generation ladder.

[0031] In one embodiment, the backflow mechanism comprises: A return pipe 4, a first end of the return pipe 4 is communicated with the last water passing chamber 1, the return pipe 4 is arranged obliquely, and the height of the return pipe 4 gradually decreases from the last end to the front end, so that the water flow flows to the front end, and a second end of the return pipe 4 is communicated with: A vertically arranged water collecting pipe 5, a top of the water collecting pipe 5 is communicated with the frontmost water passing chamber 1.

[0032] When the power generation equipment is disabled, water is easily accumulated in the last water passing chamber 1, the accumulated water is guided into the water collecting pipe 5 through the return pipe 4, so as to avoid the influence of the accumulated water on the generator set and the like, and when the hydropower station is enabled next time, the accumulated water in the water collecting pipe 5 is guided into the frontmost water passing chamber 1 through a water pump or the like, so as to make secondary use of the kinetic energy of the accumulated water.

[0033] It should be noted that an electromagnetic valve (not shown in the figure) can be arranged between the return pipe 4 and the water collecting pipe 5, the electromagnetic valve is temporarily closed when the water pump is working, and the electromagnetic valve is opened again when there is no water in the water collecting pipe 5, so that the water can normally flow into the water collecting pipe 5.

[0034] Preferably, the height of the bottom of the water passing chamber 1 of the last power generation echelon is gradually increased along the water flow direction, so as to facilitate the natural flow of the water accumulated at the bottom to the return pipe 4.

[0035] In one embodiment, the return pipe 4 is further provided with a U-shaped section.

[0036] By arranging the U-shaped section, the length of the return pipe 4 can be extended, so that the return pipe 4 can store more accumulated water, and the situation that the accumulated water flows back from the return pipe 4 to the water passing chamber 1 can also be avoided.

[0037] In one embodiment, the generator set comprises: A rotating shaft 6, the rotating shaft 6 is coaxially arranged with the water collecting port 3, and the rotating shaft 6 is provided with: A runner vane 7, the runner vane 7 is located in the flow direction of the water flow, and the rotating shaft 6 is further provided with: A sealed shell 8, the outer side of the shell 8 is circumferentially distributed with: A flow guide vane 9, the shell 8 is further provided with: A rotor set 10.

[0038] When the water flow flows through the runner vane 7, the runner vane 7 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, so that the rotor set 10 rotates, a stator set (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the sealed space on one side of the shell 8, so as to generate electricity, and the flow guide vane 9 can preliminarily guide the water flow, so that the water flow more efficiently drives the runner vane 7 to rotate.

[0039] In one embodiment, the bottom of the shell 8 is further provided with: A support column 11.

[0040] In one embodiment, the runner blade 7 is made of elastic material.

[0041] The runner blade 7 made of elastic material can dynamically adjust the angle of attack, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency.

[0042] In one embodiment, the minimum diameter of the water collecting port 3 is not less than the inner diameter of the water passing pipe 2.

[0043] In one embodiment, the last water passing chamber 1 is provided with: A guide plate 12 is obliquely arranged, and its height gradually decreases from the water flow direction, and a gap is provided between the end of the guide plate 12 and the bottom of the water passing chamber 1.

[0044] Since the kinetic energy of the water flow into the last water passing chamber 1 can be small, the guide plate 12 guides the water flow to avoid direct vertical sliding after entering the water passing chamber 1 to lose kinetic energy, so that it carries more kinetic energy to flow to the generator set to improve the power generation efficiency.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, and are not limited to the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-tiered hydropower station power generation equipment, characterized in that: include: At least two turbine generator brigades are provided, and multiple turbine generator brigades are connected sequentially along the direction of water flow. The number of turbine generator units in each brigades increases progressively. If there are at least two turbine generator units within the same brigades, these units are arranged side-by-side in sequence. The turbine generator units include: The water passage between the water passages of the preceding elevator group and the water passage of the following elevator group: The water pipes are connected, and the water chamber of the previous elevator convoy is equipped with: A funnel-shaped water inlet, which is connected to a water pipe, and the water inlet contains: Generator set.

2. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator convoy consists of four units, which are connected sequentially along the direction of water flow. The number of turbine units in the four generator convoys are one, two, three, and four, respectively.

3. A multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A return mechanism is also provided between the last elevator convoy and the first elevator convoy.

4. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflux mechanism includes: A return pipe, the first end of which is connected to the end water passage chamber, is inclined and its height gradually decreases from the end to the front to allow water to flow towards the front. The second end of the return pipe is connected to: A vertically arranged water collection pipe, the top of which is connected to the foremost water passage chamber.

5. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The return pipe is also equipped with a U-shaped section.

6. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator set includes: A rotating shaft, coaxially arranged with the water inlet, is provided with: A rotary fan blade, the rotary fan blade being located in the direction of water flow, and the rotating shaft also being fitted with: A sealed housing, wherein the outer circumferential surface of the housing is provided with: The housing also includes: guide vanes. Rotor assembly.

7. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the housing is also provided with: Support column.

8. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotor blades are made of an elastic material.

9. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum diameter of the water inlet is not less than the inner diameter of the water pipe.

10. The multi-stage hydropower station power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The final water passage chamber is equipped with: A guide plate is provided, which is inclined and its height gradually decreases from the direction of water flow. A gap is provided between the end of the guide plate and the bottom of the water passage chamber.

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