Pile foundation static load detection displacement measurement accurate guide structure
By using a matrix-type anchor pile and a reference beam for stable connection, combined with a sliding seat and guide column design, and equipped with a high-precision laser sensor and data calibration module, the problem of unstable guide structure in pile foundation static load testing is solved, achieving high-precision and stable displacement measurement, adapting to complex environments and supporting remote monitoring.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing guide structure reference system for static load displacement measurement of pile foundations is unstable and easily affected by factors such as foundation settlement and vibration. It has poor environmental adaptability, resulting in large measurement errors. In particular, in open-air environments, factors such as wind load and temperature changes further reduce the measurement accuracy.
It adopts a matrix arrangement of anchor piles and reference beams, combined with sliding seat and guide column design, equipped with high-precision laser sensors and data calibration modules, and uses Kalman filtering algorithm to eliminate environmental interference, achieving accurate guidance and data calibration.
It improves the measurement accuracy and stability of static load testing of pile foundations, and can maintain high accuracy even in complex environments. The data output is stable and supports remote monitoring and dynamic trend analysis.
Smart Images
Figure CN121828558A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building engineering testing technology, and in particular relates to a precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of static load testing of pile foundations. Background Technology
[0002] As the core load-bearing component of a building project, pile foundation bearing capacity testing is a crucial step in ensuring project quality. Static load testing of pile foundations involves applying vertical loads to the piles and measuring their settlement displacement to determine whether the bearing capacity meets design requirements. The accuracy of displacement measurement directly determines the reliability of the test results, and the stability and guiding accuracy of the guide structure, as the core supporting component for displacement measurement, are paramount to the measurement results.
[0003] Existing technologies suffer from the following problems: the reference system of the precise guiding structure for displacement measurement in pile foundation static load testing is unstable; the reference beam of traditional guiding structures often uses temporary supports, which are easily affected by factors such as foundation settlement and vibration, leading to reference offset and thus introducing measurement errors; and the environmental adaptability is poor, with factors such as wind load, temperature changes, and dust interference in open-air testing environments further reducing measurement accuracy. Therefore, we propose a precise guiding structure for displacement measurement in pile foundation static load testing. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precise guiding structure for measuring displacement during static load detection of pile foundations, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection, including an anchoring component for providing stable support, a reference beam structure for ensuring the measurement benchmark, a sliding guiding measurement component, and a detection component for collecting pile foundation settlement data; the anchoring component includes four anchor piles arranged in a matrix, the anchor piles are welded from Q235B steel plates, and each anchor pile has a shock-absorbing base fixedly installed at its bottom by bolts. The shock-absorbing base is a cylindrical steel structure with a cylindrical helical spring fixedly installed inside. The tops of the four anchor piles are fixed to the same reference beam by high-strength bolts.
[0006] The beam has an I-shaped cross-section and is made of H-beams. Triangular reinforcing ribs are welded at the connection between the reference beam and the anchor pile. Level calibrators are uniformly fixed on both sides of the reference beam along the length direction. The level calibrators are electronic levels and are fixed to the flange plates of the reference beam with bolts, which can monitor the horizontal status of the reference beam in real time. A sliding seat is slidably installed on the web of the reference beam. The sliding seat is a U-shaped steel structure with an opening size that matches the thickness of the web of the reference beam. The inner wall is lined with a wear-resistant liner to reduce sliding friction. A push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat by welding. The push rod is a cylindrical steel pipe with an anti-slip rubber sleeve on the outer wall to facilitate the operator to push the sliding seat to move. The bottom of the sliding seat is fixed with a windproof cover by bolts. The windproof cover is a rectangular box structure, welded from stainless steel. The top is sealed to the sliding seat, and the bottom is equipped with an adjustable dustproof curtain to effectively block external airflow disturbances and dust interference. The bottom of the sliding seat and inside the windproof cover is fixedly installed with a guide sleeve by bolts. The guide sleeve is a cylindrical structure made of No. 45 steel after quenching and tempering. A guide post is slidably installed inside the guide sleeve. The guide post is a stainless steel round rod with a clearance fit between its diameter and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve, and its surface is polished. The inner wall of the guide sleeve has two annular ball grooves symmetrically opened along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the ball groove is semi-circular, and multiple balls are evenly installed in the groove. The balls are made of GCr15 bearing steel. Through the even distribution of the cage, the sliding friction between the guide post and the guide sleeve is converted into rolling friction, reducing the moving resistance. The detection component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide column and includes a laser sensor and a data calibration module. The laser sensor is a high-precision laser rangefinder sensor, which is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom end face of the guide column by a bracket. The data calibration module is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom of the guide column by bolts and is arranged adjacent to the laser sensor. The data calibration module has a built-in temperature and humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor and a signal processing unit.
[0007] In the above technical solution, furthermore, the laser sensor and the data calibration module are connected via a screen.
[0008] The shielded cable is electrically connected, and the data calibration module can receive the raw displacement signal from the laser sensor. Combined with the environmental parameters collected by the built-in sensor, it performs dynamic compensation and correction through the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure changes on the measurement results.
[0009] In the above technical solution, the reference beam has a guide groove on its I-shaped web and a guide protrusion that matches the guide groove on the inner side of the sliding seat, so as to ensure that the sliding seat moves linearly along the length of the reference beam.
[0010] In the above technical solution, furthermore, an anti-slip base plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shock-absorbing base. The lower surface of the anti-slip base plate is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction with the ground and prevent the anchor pile from undergoing horizontal displacement. The shock-absorbing base is also provided with a rubber buffer pad located at the upper and lower ends of the spring.
[0011] In the above technical solution, a transparent observation window is further provided on the side of the windproof cover, and a sealing strip is provided on the edge of the observation window to facilitate the operator to observe the working status of the internal detection components.
[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the data calibration module also has a built-in wireless transmission unit, which can transmit the calibrated displacement data to a remote control terminal or cloud monitoring platform in real time with a transmission delay of ≤1s. It supports simultaneous access by multiple terminals and realizes remote monitoring and dynamic trend analysis of pile foundation settlement data.
[0013] This invention provides a precise guiding structure for displacement measurement during static load testing of pile foundations. It offers the following advantages: 1. The precise guiding structure for static load testing and displacement measurement of this pile foundation, along with the matrix-arranged anchor piles and the precise connection structure with the reference beam, effectively improves the overall stability and provides reliable support for long-term monitoring.
[0014] The coordinated design of the sliding seat and guide column, combined with a high-precision guide rail limiting mechanism, ensures that the laser sensor maintains a precise ranging direction perpendicular to the pile foundation surface throughout the measurement process. The synergistic effect of the windproof cover and data calibration module further enhances the equipment's anti-interference capability in complex environments, guaranteeing the stability and accuracy of data output.
[0015] 2. The precise guide structure for static load detection and displacement measurement of this pile foundation features a unique windproof cover design, combined with an internal precision laser sensor and data calibration module, enabling the structure to maintain high-precision measurement performance even in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the windproof cover in this invention; Figure 3 is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the guide sleeve in this invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shock-absorbing base in this invention; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Anchor pile; 2. Vibration damping base; 3. Reference beam; 4. Reinforcing rib; 5. Level calibrator; 6. Sliding seat; 7. Windproof cover; 8. Push rod; 9. Guide sleeve; 10. Guide column; 11. Data calibration module; 12. Laser sensor; 13. Ball groove; 14. Ball; 15. Spring. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0018] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
[0019] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0020] Example 1: This example provides a precise guiding structure for displacement measurement during static load testing of pile foundations, including: Four anchor piles 1, each anchor pile 1 has a shock-absorbing base 2 fixedly installed at its bottom, and a spring 15 fixedly installed inside the shock-absorbing base 2. The same reference beam 3 is fixedly installed at the top of the four anchor piles 1. A level calibrator 5 is fixedly installed on both sides of the reference beam 3. A sliding seat 6 is slidably installed on the reference beam 3. A windproof cover 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding seat 6. A guide sleeve 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding seat 6 and inside the windproof cover 7. A guide post 10 is fixedly installed inside the guide sleeve 9. Two ball grooves 13 are opened inside the guide sleeve 9. Balls 14 are rotatably installed in the ball grooves 13. Detection component; The detection component is located at the bottom of the guide column 10 and is used to collect pile foundation settlement data in real time.
[0021] In this system, to ensure proper use, the anchor pile 1 is fixed to the ground, and the shock-absorbing base 2 is placed on it to reduce external vibration interference. The reference beam 3 is firmly connected by reinforcing ribs 4 to ensure the overall structural rigidity. The horizontal calibrators 5 on both sides of the reference beam 3 are used to monitor and adjust the horizontal state of the reference beam 3 in real time to ensure the stability and reliability of the reference surface during the measurement process. Personnel push the push rod 8 to make the sliding seat 6 slide smoothly along the guide rail of the reference beam 3. The bottom of the guide column 10 is precisely aligned with the displacement point of the pile. The laser range sensor 11 synchronously collects displacement data. The real-time signal is filtered and corrected by the data calibration module 11 to eliminate measurement deviations caused by environmental temperature, humidity and electromagnetic interference, ensuring data accuracy. The displacement data is transmitted to the control terminal in real time via the wireless transmission module to realize remote monitoring and dynamic analysis, greatly improving detection efficiency and reliability. The windproof cover 7 effectively blocks external airflow disturbances and avoids slight deviations between the guide column 10 and the measuring point caused by wind force, further ensuring measurement accuracy, especially in open high wind speed environments.
[0022] Example 2: This example provides a precise guide structure for measuring displacement during static load testing of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the detection components include a laser sensor 12, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide column 10, and a data calibration module 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide column 10 and on one side of the laser sensor 12.
[0023] Among them, the high-precision beam emitted by the laser sensor 12 is vertically projected onto the surface of the pile foundation measuring point to capture micron-level displacement changes in real time. The data calibration module 11 synchronously receives the original signal and performs dynamic compensation by combining the ambient temperature, humidity and air pressure sensing data, effectively eliminating measurement errors caused by fluctuations in the refractive index of the medium.
[0024] Example 3: This example provides a precise guiding structure for measuring displacement during static load detection of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the laser sensor 12 is electrically connected to the data calibration module 11.
[0025] Specifically, the laser beam emitted by the laser sensor 12 is ensured to be accurately focused on the pile foundation measuring point. The data calibration module 11 processes the collected displacement signal in real time and compensates and corrects environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity through built-in algorithms, so that the measurement result error is controlled within ±0.01mm.
[0026] Example 4: This example provides a precise guiding structure for static load detection and displacement measurement of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the reference beam 3 has an I-shaped structure.
[0027] This ensures high accuracy and stability of the measurement data, while the wireless transmission module uploads the calibrated displacement information to the cloud monitoring platform in real time, supporting remote access from multiple terminals and dynamic trend analysis.
[0028] Example 5: This example provides a precise guiding structure for static load detection and displacement measurement of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: four anchor piles 1 are arranged in a matrix.
[0029] Among them, the reference beam 3 at the top of the anchor pile 1 is firmly connected to the pile body by precision bolts to ensure that the overall structure does not loosen or deform during long-term monitoring.
[0030] Example 6: This example provides a precise guide structure for measuring displacement during static load testing of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: a push rod 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat 6.
[0031] Among them, the sliding seat 6 is ensured to slide smoothly along the guide column 10, and its position is limited by the high-precision guide rail to ensure that the ranging direction of the laser sensor 12 is always perpendicular to the pile foundation surface.
[0032] Example 7: This example provides a precise guiding structure for static load detection and displacement measurement of pile foundations. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the windproof cover 7 has a rectangular structure.
[0033] This includes ensuring that the laser sensor 12 inside the windproof cover 7 works in coordination with the data calibration module 11.
[0034] It effectively isolates external environmental interference, ensuring stable and accurate data output even under harsh conditions such as strong winds and large temperature differences.
[0035] Working Principle: During use, the anchor pile 1 is fixed to the ground, and the shock-absorbing base 2 is placed on it to weaken external vibration interference. The reference beam 3 is firmly connected by the reinforcing ribs 4 to ensure the rigidity of the overall structure. The horizontal calibrators 5 on both sides of the reference beam 3 are used to monitor and adjust the horizontal state of the reference beam 3 in real time to ensure the stability and reliability of the reference surface during the measurement process. The push rod 8 is pushed by the operator to make the sliding seat 6 slide smoothly along the guide rail of the reference beam 3. The bottom of the guide column 10 is precisely aligned with the displacement point of the pile. The laser range sensor 11 synchronously collects displacement data. The real-time signal is filtered and corrected by the data calibration module 11 to eliminate measurement deviations caused by environmental temperature, humidity and electromagnetic interference, ensuring data accuracy. The displacement data is transmitted to the control terminal in real time via the wireless transmission module to realize remote monitoring and dynamic analysis, which greatly improves detection efficiency and reliability. The windproof cover 7 effectively blocks external airflow disturbances and avoids slight deviations between the guide column 10 and the measuring point caused by wind force, further ensuring measurement accuracy, especially in open high wind speed environments.
[0036] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A precise guiding structure for displacement measurement during static load testing of pile foundations, characterized in that, It includes an anchoring assembly for providing stable support, a reference beam structure for ensuring measurement benchmarks, a sliding guide measurement assembly, and a detection assembly for collecting pile settlement data; the anchoring assembly includes four anchor piles (1) arranged in a matrix, the anchor piles (1) are welded from Q235B steel plates, and each anchor pile (1) has a shock-absorbing base (2) fixedly installed at its bottom by bolts. The shock-absorbing base (2) is a cylindrical steel structure with a cylindrical helical spring (15) fixedly installed inside. The top of the four anchor piles (1) is fixedly installed with the same reference beam (3) by high-strength bolts. The reference beam (3) has an I-shaped cross-section structure and is made of H-beam. Triangular reinforcing ribs (4) are welded at the connection between the reference beam (3) and the anchor piles (1). Horizontal calibrators (5) are uniformly fixedly installed on both sides of the reference beam (3) along the length direction. The horizontal calibrators (5) are electronic levels and are fixed to the flanges of the reference beam (3) by bolts. A sliding seat (6) is slidably installed on the web of the reference beam (3). The sliding seat (6) is a U-shaped steel structure with an opening size that matches the thickness of the web of the reference beam (3). The inner wall is provided with a wear-resistant liner to reduce sliding friction. A push rod (8) is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat (6) by welding. The push rod (8) is a cylindrical steel pipe with an anti-slip rubber sleeve on the outer wall to facilitate the operator to push the sliding seat to move. The bottom of the sliding seat (6) is fixedly installed with a windproof cover (7) by bolts. The windproof cover (7) is a rectangular box structure, made of stainless steel and welded together. The top is sealed to the sliding seat (6), and the bottom is provided with an adjustable dustproof curtain. The bottom of the sliding seat (6) and inside the windproof cover (7) is fixedly installed with a guide sleeve (9) by bolts. The guide sleeve (9) is a cylindrical structure and is made of No. 45 steel after heat treatment. A guide post (10) is slidably installed inside the guide sleeve (9). The guide post (10) is a stainless steel round rod with a clearance fit between its diameter and the inner diameter of the guide sleeve (9). Its surface is polished. The inner wall of the guide sleeve (9) has two annular ball grooves (13) symmetrically opened along the circumferential direction. The cross-section of the ball groove (13) is semi-circular, and multiple balls (14) are evenly installed in the groove. The balls (14) are made of GCr15 bearing steel and are evenly distributed by the cage to connect the guide post (10) and the guide. The sliding friction of the sleeve (9) is converted into rolling friction, reducing the resistance to movement; The detection component is fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide post (10), including a laser sensor (12) and a data calibration module (11). The laser sensor (12) is a high-precision laser ranging sensor, which is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom end face of the guide post (10) by a bracket. The data calibration module (11) is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom of the guide post (10) by bolts, and is arranged adjacent to the laser sensor (12). The data calibration module (11) has a built-in temperature and humidity sensor, air pressure sensor and signal processing unit.
2. The precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser sensor (12) and the data calibration module (11) are electrically connected through a shielded cable. The data calibration module (11) can receive the original displacement signal of the laser sensor (12), combine it with the environmental parameters collected by the built-in sensor, and perform dynamic compensation and correction through the Kalman filter algorithm to eliminate the influence of temperature, humidity and air pressure changes on the measurement results.
3. The precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference beam (3) has a guide groove on its I-shaped web, and the inner side of the sliding seat (6) has a guide protrusion that matches the guide groove, so as to ensure that the sliding seat (6) moves linearly along the length of the reference beam (3).
4. The precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shock-absorbing base (2) is fixedly installed with an anti-slip base plate. The lower surface of the anti-slip base plate is provided with anti-slip texture to increase the friction with the ground and prevent the anchor pile (1) from undergoing horizontal displacement. The shock-absorbing base (2) is also provided with a rubber buffer pad located at the upper and lower ends of the spring (15).
5. The precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The windproof cover (7) has a transparent observation window on its side, and the edge of the observation window is provided with a sealing strip, so that the operator can observe the working status of the internal detection components.
6. The precise guiding structure for displacement measurement of pile foundation static load detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data calibration module (11) also has a built-in wireless transmission unit, which can transmit the calibrated displacement data to a remote control terminal or cloud monitoring platform in real time with a transmission delay of ≤1s and support for multiple terminals. Simultaneous access from both ends enables remote monitoring and dynamic trend analysis of pile foundation settlement data.