Centrifugal blood cell pushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cell detection, in particular to a centrifugal blood cell sheet pushing device which comprises a centrifugal disc and a sheet pusher. The slide pushing device is detachably arranged on the centrifugal disc, an adhesive glass slide is obliquely fixed in the slide pushing device, a blood guide plate is arranged above the adhesive glass slide, a gap with a high front part and a low rear part is formed between the blood guide plate and the adhesive glass slide, and a blood sample is dispersed in the gap due to a capillary effect; and under the action of centrifugal force, the glass slide is continuously turned upwards and forwards, and finally a uniform ultrathin or single-layer cell coating is formed on the adhered glass slide. The problems that a traditional manual blood pushing piece is not uniform in thickness and is greatly influenced by manual operation factors are solved, an ultrathin or single-layer cell coating can be stably obtained, the microscopic examination efficiency and accuracy of a pushing piece sample are improved, the blood cell pushing piece operation is standardized, and the working efficiency is improved. The method has important significance in improving the morphological diagnosis rate, the detection efficiency and the accuracy of the blood cells.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of blood cell detection, in particular to a centrifugal blood cell pushing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Microscopic examination of blood pushing is a basic method of blood cell morphology examination, which is widely used in clinic. At present, the blood pushing is made by manual operation in the blood room of the hospital, that is, a proper amount of blood sample is dropped on a glass slide, and then another glass slide is used as a pushing glass slide to contact the blood drop on the glass slide at an angle of 45 degrees. The blood drop is quickly spread out in an instant, and the operator pushes the pushing glass slide to the other end of the glass slide at a certain speed, thereby completing the blood pushing action. The thickness of the blood pushing slide is related to the angle and the pushing speed, so that different operators with different operation experience will get different thickness of the blood pushing slide. If the blood cell pushing slide is too thick, the cell pushing is not diagnostic, and if the blood cell pushing slide is too thin, it will also affect the diagnostic result. A good blood pushing slide is the key to blood cell morphology diagnosis. Therefore, the traditional manual blood pushing operation requires high experience of the operator, and it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the blood sample distribution on the glass slide during the pushing process.

[0003] In view of the instability of manual operation, many corresponding technical solutions have been proposed, most of which are improvements of the automation of traditional blood pushing to replace manual operation, thereby improving the stability of the pushing. However, this improvement process still has many problems that cannot be solved, such as thick cell accumulation, easy cell breakage, and difficulty in forming a thin layer or single layer of cell smears, which affects the accuracy and speed of the later microscopic examination.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above situation, the present application provides a centrifugal blood cell pushing device to solve the problems that manual operation requires high experience of the operator, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the blood sample distribution, mechanical pushing easily causes cell damage, and it is difficult to form a thin layer or single layer of cell smears, which are all not conducive to the later microscopic observation, and provides a fully automated and standardized smearing device for blood pushing operation. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a centrifugal blood cell pushing device to solve the problems that manual operation requires high experience of the operator, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the blood sample distribution, mechanical pushing easily causes cell damage, and it is difficult to form a thin layer or single layer of cell smears, which are all not conducive to the later microscopic observation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a centrifugal blood cell pushing device, comprising a centrifugal disc and a pushing device, the pushing device is detachably arranged on the centrifugal disc, an adherent slide is fixedly arranged in the pushing device, a blood flow guide plate is arranged above the adherent slide, a gap is formed between the blood flow guide plate and the adherent slide, the height of the gap is high in front and low in back, the blood sample is scattered in the gap due to capillary effect, the blood cells in the blood sample are constantly turned up and forward under the action of centrifugal force, the blood cells contacting the adherent coating on the surface of the adherent slide are fixed due to the adhesion of the adherent coating, the blood cells not directly contacting the adherent coating are constantly turned up and forward under the action of centrifugal force, and are constantly adhered and fixed to the adherent coating on the surface of the slide, until a uniform ultra-thin or single-layer cell coating is formed on the adherent slide.

[0007] Further, the centrifugal disc is provided with a plurality of installation grooves, the opening end of the installation groove is close to the center of the centrifugal disc, and the closed end of the installation groove is close to the periphery of the centrifugal disc; the pushing device is detachably installed in the installation groove through the opening end, and the rear side of the pushing device is blocked through the closed end.

[0008] Further, the installation groove is provided with clamping plates on both sides, the pushing device is provided with clamping strips on both sides of the outside, and the pushing device and the installation groove are clamped through the cooperation of the clamping plates and the clamping strips.

[0009] Further, the upper side plate is arranged above the pushing device, and the two side plates are arranged on both sides of the pushing device; the inner sides of the two side plates are respectively provided with connecting parts, the slide abutting blocks are connected through the connecting parts; the abutting parts are arranged on both sides of the inner side of the upper side plate; the abutting grooves are formed between the slide abutting blocks and the abutting parts, and the adherent slide is inserted and fixed in the abutting grooves.

[0010] Further, the slide abutting blocks are arranged below both ends of the adherent slide, and the abutting parts are arranged on both sides above the adherent slide.

[0011] Further, the inclination angle of the adherent slide is 2-25°.

[0012] Further, the blood flow guide plate is arranged at the middle position of the inner side of the upper side plate, the blood flow guide plate is tongue-shaped, the vertical distance between the tongue end vertex of the blood flow guide plate and the rear end of the adherent slide is 1mm, the vertical distance between the front end of the blood flow guide plate and the adherent slide is 0.1-0.5mm, the vertical distance between the end of the blood flow guide plate and the adherent slide is 10-50μm, and the height of the gap uniformly decreases from front to back.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper side plate is provided with a liquid inlet, the front end of the blood flow guide plate extends to the liquid inlet, and a flow guide is provided below the liquid inlet. The distance between the flow guide and the adhesive glass slide is 0.51-5mm, and its size should be larger than the distance between the front end of the blood flow guide plate and the adhesive glass slide, so that the added blood sample can be dispersed along a smaller gap.

[0014] Furthermore, the front end of the upper side plate is provided with a notch to facilitate the operator to insert and remove the adhesive glass slide.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. By setting multiple mounting slots on the centrifuge plate, multiple samples can be prepared simultaneously, making it more efficient and convenient to use;

[0017] 2. By setting up a blood flow guide plate, a gap is formed between the blood flow guide plate and the adhesive glass slide. Through the capillary effect formed by this gap, and by tilting the adhesive glass slide, the blood flows upward and forward along the blood flow guide plate under the action of centrifugation during the centrifugation process. The blood will flow according to the shape of the blood flow guide plate, and there will be no situation where the blood flows in all directions, thus ensuring the directionality and stability of the blood slide.

[0018] 3. The distance between the inlet guide section and the adhesive glass slide should be much greater than the distance between the front end of the blood guide plate and the adhesive glass slide. Therefore, capillary action occurs at the front end of the blood guide plate, and the added blood will spread evenly at the front end of the blood guide plate, thus ensuring the effect of subsequent centrifugation dispersion.

[0019] 4. The distance between the end of the blood diversion plate and the adhesive slide should be less than the distance between the front end of the blood diversion plate and the adhesive slide. This ensures that during the centrifugation and slide spreading process, the blood cells are continuously adhered and fixed, resulting in a thinner and thinner blood flow thickness and a smaller upward and forward distance. This ensures that capillary action is always present throughout the slide spreading process, preventing the blood from scattering and making the gap at the end close to the size of the cells, ultimately forming a stable ultrathin or monolayer blood cell smear. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the centrifugal disc and the slide pusher in the smearing device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slide pusher of the present invention (front view shows the glass slide being adhered).

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slide pusher of the present invention (viewed from below with the glass slide attached);

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slide pusher of the present invention (with the glass slide attached to the rear view);

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slide pusher of the present invention (viewed from below without the adhesive glass slide);

[0025] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the invention (top view);

[0027] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Schematic cross-section of plane AA;

[0028] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 A magnified view of part B in the middle section;

[0029] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 8 A magnified view of part C in the diagram.

[0030] The names corresponding to each mark in the diagram:

[0031] 1. Centrifuge tray; 11. Mounting slot; 111. Clamping plate; 2. Slide pusher; 21. Upper side plate; 211. Liquid inlet; 2111. Flow guide; 212. Notch; 213. Clamping part; 214. Blood flow guide plate; 22. Two side plates; 221. Clamping strip; 222. Connecting part; 223. Slide clamping block; 23. Rear side baffle; 24. Clamping groove; 3. Adhesive slide; 4. Gap;

[0032] d1, distance from the guide section to the adhesive slide; d2, distance from the front end of the blood guide plate to the adhesive slide; d3, distance from the rear end of the blood guide plate to the adhesive slide. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention:

[0035] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a mounting groove 11 is provided on the centrifuge plate 1. Multiple mounting grooves 11 are provided. The pusher 2 is snapped and fixed to the mounting groove 11. A retaining plate 111 is provided on both sides of the mounting groove 11. A retaining strip 221 is provided on both side plates 22 of the pusher 2. The retaining plate 111 secures the retaining strip 221.

[0036] like Figures 2-6As shown, an upper side plate 21 is provided above the slide pusher 2, and two side plates 22 are provided on both sides of the slide pusher 2. A rear side baffle 23 is provided behind the slide pusher 2. A retaining strip 221 is provided on the outer side of the two side plates 22, and a connecting part 222 is provided on the inner side of the two side plates 22. A slide clamping block 223 is connected through the connecting part 222. There are two or more slide clamping blocks 223 at each side connecting part 222, in the front, middle and rear. A liquid inlet 221 is provided on the upper side plate 21, and a liquid inlet 221 is provided on the inner side of the upper side plate 21. The two sides are provided with abutting parts 213; the abutting parts 213 and the slide abutting block 223 form a abutting groove 24, which is arranged at an angle. The adhesive slide 3 is inserted at an angle into the abutting groove 24. The two sides above the adhesive slide 3 are in contact with the abutting parts 213, and the two sides below the adhesive slide 3 are in contact with the slide abutting block 223. The rear baffle 23 blocks the rear side of the adhesive slide 3. A notch 212 is provided on the front side of the upper side plate 21, and the front end of the adhesive slide 3 is exposed through the notch 212.

[0037] like Figures 5-10 As shown, a tongue-shaped blood guide plate 214 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the upper side plate 21, and a gap 4 is formed between the blood guide plate 214 and the adhesive glass slide 3; a guide part 2111 is provided below the inlet 211, the distance from the guide part 2111 to the adhesive glass slide 3 is d1, the distance from the front end of the blood guide plate 214 to the adhesive glass slide 3 is d2, and the distance from the end of the blood guide plate 214 to the adhesive glass slide 3 is d3.

[0038] The principle of this invention is as follows:

[0039] The blood sample with added anticoagulant is quantitatively added to the adhesive slide 3 through the inlet 211 using a pipette. The guide part 2111 is designed to facilitate the dispersion of blood. At the same time, since the distance d1 from the guide part 2111 to the adhesive slide 3 is greater than the distance d2 from the front end of the blood guide plate 214 to the adhesive slide 3, the added blood will spread evenly at the front end of the blood guide plate 214 due to capillary effect, forming a red line.

[0040] At this point, centrifugation is initiated. Under the action of centrifugal force, the blood diffuses outward. However, due to the setting of the blood guide plate 214 and the uniform reduction of the gap 4, the capillary effect of the blood in the gap 4 will always exist. Thus, the blood will diffuse evenly along the blood guide plate 214 and eventually form a monolayer cell coating on the adhesive slide 3. During the process, the adhesive slide 3 is an existing type that can achieve cell adsorption. When the cells move on it, the layer of cells close to the adhesive slide 3 will be firmly adsorbed. Therefore, in this invention, under the action of centrifugal force, the accumulated cells continuously diffuse outward and eventually form a monolayer cell coating on the adhesive slide 3.

[0041] The size of the gap 4 needs to be set reasonably according to the actual situation, such as the amount of blood and the type of blood, etc. In an embodiment of the present application, 30 μL of anticoagulated blood sample is taken, the size of d1 is 2 mm, the size of d2 is 0.5 mm, the size of d3 is 20 μm, and 3 min of centrifugation at 4000 r / min can be achieved.

[0042] It should be noted that the pusher 2 of the present application is a disposable plastic product, which cannot be used again after the preparation of one sample due to the contamination of the blood flow guide plate 214, but in an embodiment of the present application, the blood flow guide plate 214 is replaced by another detachable adhesive glass slide, which can realize the preparation of two samples at a time.

[0043] The present application is not limited to the above best mode, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present application, but regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solution with the same or similar to the present application falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A centrifugal blood cell smear device, characterized in that: The device includes a centrifuge disc (1) and a slide pusher (2), which are detachable from each other. An adhesive slide (3) is fixed at an angle in the slide pusher (2). A blood flow guide plate (214) is provided above the adhesive slide (3). A gap (4) is formed between the blood flow guide plate (214) and the adhesive slide (3). The height of the front end of the blood flow guide plate (214) from the adhesive slide (3) is greater than the height of the end of the blood flow guide plate (214) from the adhesive slide (3). The added blood forms a capillary effect in the gap (4). Blood cells that come into contact with the adhesive slide (3) are adhered to the adhesive slide (3). Blood cells that do not come into direct contact with the adhesive slide (3) are continuously rolled upward and forward under the action of centrifugal force until an ultrathin or monolayer cell layer is formed on the adhesive slide (3).

2. The centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifuge disc (1) is provided with several mounting grooves (11). The mounting groove (11) is open at the end closer to the center of the centrifuge disc (1) and closed at the end closer to the periphery of the centrifuge disc (1). The pusher (2) is detachably installed in the mounting groove (11) through the open end, and the back of the pusher (2) is blocked through the closed end.

3. The centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting groove (11) is provided with a retaining plate (111) on both sides, and a retaining strip (221) is provided on both sides of the outside of the pusher (2). The pusher (2) and the mounting groove (11) are engaged and secured by the mutual cooperation of the retaining plate (111) and the retaining strip (221).

4. The centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide pusher (2) is provided with an upper side plate (21) above it and two side plates (22) on both sides of the slide pusher (2). The inner sides of the two side plates (22) are respectively provided with connecting parts (222), and glass slide pressing blocks (223) are connected through the connecting parts (222). The inner sides of the upper side plate (21) are respectively provided with pressing parts (213). A pressing groove (24) is formed between the glass slide pressing block (223) and the pressing part (213), and the adhesive glass slide (3) is inserted and fixed in the pressing groove (24).

5. A centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide clamping blocks (223) are provided in two or more on each side connection part (222), respectively arranged below both ends of the adhesive slide (3), and the clamping parts (213) are respectively arranged on both sides above the adhesive slide (3).

6. A centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tilt angle of the adhesive glass slide (3) is 2 to 25°.

7. A centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blood diversion plate (214) is located in the middle of the inner side of the upper side plate (21). The blood diversion plate (214) is tongue-shaped. The straight distance between the tip of the tongue and the rear end of the adhesive slide (3) is 1 mm. The vertical distance between the front end of the blood diversion plate (214) and the adhesive slide (3) is 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The vertical distance between the end of the blood diversion plate (214) and the adhesive slide (3) is 10 to 50 μm. The height of the gap (4) decreases uniformly from front to back.

8. A centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper side plate (21) is provided with a liquid inlet (211), and the front end of the blood flow guide plate (214) extends to the liquid inlet (211). A flow guide (2111) is provided below the liquid inlet (211). The distance between the flow guide (2111) and the adhesive slide (3) is 0.51-5 mm. Its size should be greater than the distance between the front end of the blood flow guide plate (214) and the adhesive slide (3) so that the added blood sample can be dispersed along a smaller gap.

9. A centrifugal blood cell smear device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper side plate (21) has a notch (212) at its front end to facilitate the operator to insert and remove the adhesive glass slide (3).

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