Method and device for calculating OBN acquisition coverage frequency parameter, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for calculating OBN acquisition coverage frequency parameters, electronic equipment and a medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining a layer velocity parameter of a target layer; calculating a space sampling interval, and further determining a surface element parameter range; key acquisition parameters of the OBN are determined, and the size of an OBN acquisition surface element is calculated according to the key acquisition parameters; adjusting the key acquisition parameters according to the surface element parameter range constraint to serve as final key acquisition parameters; determining the maximum offset distance of the target region, and further determining the number of receiving channels of each array; and calculating the coverage times according to the final key acquisition parameters and the receiving channel number. According to the method, the size of the coverage frequency attribute parameter in the OBN acquisition design process can be accurately calculated, a relatively important reference is provided for determination of basic parameters of the observation system, the purpose of optimal design of the observation system is achieved, and the practicability is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for calculating OBN acquisition coverage number parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Coverage count is a key factor in the design of seismic acquisition systems. Current seismic exploration requires high coverage counts for target areas to obtain high-quality data. Traditional bundled acquisition systems are unsuitable for OBN (On-Board-Number) acquisition due to the unique working methods of OBN exploration. During OBN acquisition, limitations prevent the deployment of high-density OBN receivers; coverage is increased by densifying shot points. Therefore, OBN acquisition typically uses a large OBN point spacing and a small shot point spacing. Because of the large OBN point spacing, methods like multiplying the number of receiver channels by the channel spacing and dividing by twice the shot distance to calculate longitudinal coverage count are unsuitable for practical acquisition requirements. Such methods are not necessarily appropriate for OBN acquisition design.

[0003] Currently, a method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter still needs to be developed.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for calculating the coverage number parameter of OBN acquisition. It can accurately calculate the magnitude of the coverage number attribute parameter in the OBN acquisition design process, providing an important reference for determining the basic parameters of the observation system and achieving the purpose of optimizing the design of the observation system. It has strong practicality.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for calculating the OBN (On-Board Number) coverage count parameter, including:

[0007] Determine the layer velocity parameters of the target layer;

[0008] Calculate the spatial sampling interval, and then determine the range of surface element parameters;

[0009] Determine the key acquisition parameters of OBN, and calculate the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters;

[0010] The key acquisition parameters are adjusted according to the range constraints of the surface element parameters to obtain the final key acquisition parameters.

[0011] Determine the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determine the number of receiver channels for each arrangement;

[0012] The number of coverage times is calculated based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

[0013] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, calculating the spatial sampling interval and then determining the range of surface element parameters includes:

[0014] Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

[0015] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the spatial sampling interval is:

[0016]

[0017] Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0018] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the key acquisition parameters include OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing.

[0019] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the size of the OBN acquisition element is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0022] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, adjusting the key acquisition parameters according to the area parameter range constraint includes:

[0023] Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition element calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of the element parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

[0024] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the coverage number parameter is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, F 纵 F横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0027] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an apparatus for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter, comprising:

[0028] The parameter determination module determines the layer velocity parameters of the target layer.

[0029] The range determination module calculates the spatial sampling interval, and then determines the range of surface element parameters;

[0030] The calculation module determines the key acquisition parameters of the OBN and calculates the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters.

[0031] The adjustment module adjusts the key acquisition parameters according to the constraints of the area element parameter range, and uses them as the final key acquisition parameters.

[0032] The receiver channel number determination module determines the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determines the number of receiver channels for each arrangement;

[0033] The coverage count calculation module calculates the coverage count based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

[0034] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, calculating the spatial sampling interval and then determining the range of surface element parameters includes:

[0035] Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

[0036] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the spatial sampling interval is:

[0037]

[0038] Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0039] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, the key acquisition parameters include OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing.

[0040] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the size of the OBN acquisition element is:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0043] As a specific implementation of this disclosure, adjusting the key acquisition parameters according to the area parameter range constraint includes:

[0044] Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition element calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of the element parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

[0045] As one specific implementation of this disclosure, the coverage number parameter is:

[0046]

[0047] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0048] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0049] Memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0050] A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter.

[0051] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter.

[0052] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0053] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same parts.

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the surface values ​​calculated based on the dip angle of the target layer in the target area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of seismic wave forward illumination analysis of a target layer in a target area is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 A block diagram of an apparatus for calculating the number of times OBN is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0059] 201. Parameter determination module; 202. Range determination module; 203. Calculation module; 204. Adjustment module; 205. Number of receiving channels determination module; 206. Coverage count calculation module. Detailed Implementation

[0060] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0061] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, six specific application examples are given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that these examples are merely for the purpose of understanding the present invention, and any specific details therein are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter includes:

[0065] Step 101: Determine the layer velocity parameters of the target layer;

[0066] Step 102: Calculate the spatial sampling interval to determine the range of surface element parameters;

[0067] Step 103: Determine the key acquisition parameters of OBN, and calculate the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters;

[0068] Step 104: Adjust the key acquisition parameters according to the area parameter range constraints, and use them as the final key acquisition parameters;

[0069] The 105 method determines the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determines the number of receiving channels for each arrangement.

[0070] Step 106: Calculate the number of coverage times based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

[0071] In one example, calculating the spatial sampling interval, and thus determining the range of surface element parameters, includes:

[0072] Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

[0073] In one example, the spatial sampling interval is:

[0074]

[0075] Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0076] In one example, key acquisition parameters include OBN distance, excitation distance, receiver line distance, and excitation line distance.

[0077] In one example, the size of the OBN acquisition element is:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0080] In one example, adjusting key acquisition parameters based on the range constraints of surface element parameters includes:

[0081] Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition cell calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of cell parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

[0082] In one example, the coverage count parameter is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0085] Specifically, based on the exploration objectives of the target area, the layer velocity parameters of the target layer are statistically analyzed using previously collected data such as depth domain interpretation profile data and depth domain stratigraphic data.

[0086] The calculation and statistics of each target layer are based on the element size that satisfies the requirement of no aliasing aliasing in spatial sampling, and an appropriate range of element parameters is selected. In seismic acquisition design, the selection of spatial sampling is mainly based on two theories: one is based on the superposition theory, which requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing aliasing; the other is based on the diffraction point migration theory, which also requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing aliasing. The calculation formulas derived from both theories are as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where: dx represents the spatial sampling interval; v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer; f m θ represents the highest expected frequency; θ represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation. The value range of the spatial sampling interval element can be calculated based on the dip angle, formation velocity, and expected frequency in the geological model.

[0089] The design of key acquisition parameters, such as OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, is comprehensively considered based on factors such as the number of OBN nodes in OBN acquisition, the requirements for air gun excitation, and whether data is to be fused with data acquired via tow cable. Generally, due to factors such as the limited number of OBN nodes, the designed OBN point spacing and receiver line spacing are relatively large, while the excitation point spacing and excitation line spacing are relatively small.

[0090] Based on the improved method for calculating OBN acquisition grid cells, the grid cell values ​​after determining key acquisition parameters such as the designed OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing are calculated to ensure they meet the grid cell size range for spatial sampling without offset aliasing. For OBN acquisition, larger OBN point spacing and receiver line spacing are no longer suitable for traditional grid cell calculation methods. Therefore, the improved grid cell parameter calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, B 纵 B 横represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0093] According to the improved array algorithm, the size of the vertical array is half the greatest common divisor of the OBN point spacing and the shot line spacing, and the size of the horizontal array is half the greatest common divisor of the excitation point spacing and the receiver line spacing.

[0094] Determine whether the calculated element values, after determining the key acquisition parameters such as OBN spacing, excitation spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, meet the element size range for spatial sampling without offset aliasing. If the calculated element values ​​do not meet the range, adjust the key acquisition parameter values ​​and recalculate the element values ​​until the required values ​​are achieved. Generally, when adjusting the key acquisition parameter values ​​such as OBN spacing, excitation spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, it is also necessary to consider other key parameters such as aspect ratio and shot density to achieve the goal of optimizing the observation system design.

[0095] Based on the exploration tasks and geological conditions of the target area, the maximum offset of the target area is determined, and the number of receiver channels for each arrangement is determined according to the OBN point spacing. A detailed three-dimensional geological model of the target area is constructed based on the exploration tasks and geological conditions. Excitation sources are deployed on a horizontal plane above areas with complex structures in the model to simulate Gaussian ray irradiation of the deepest target layer. The shot point is placed underwater, serving as the source point to simulate Gaussian ray irradiation of the target layer in the model, with an incident angle of 45 degrees for analysis. Because OBN acquisition involves the excitation point being underwater and the receiver point being on the seabed, a maximum shot-receiver offset is determined based on the reflection position of the Gaussian ray irradiation of the target layer received on the seabed. The number of receiver channels for each arrangement is determined based on the maximum shot-receiver offset and the OBN point spacing.

[0096] Based on the determined OBN dot spacing, excitation dot spacing, receiver line spacing, excitation line spacing, and number of receiver channels, an improved method for calculating OBN acquisition coverage times is used to calculate the coverage times of the designed acquisition scheme. Based on the characteristics of OBN acquisition, an improved formula for calculating the coverage times parameter is proposed:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0099] Based on an improved coverage count algorithm, this invention can accurately calculate the case where the shot distance is less than the OBN point distance, adapting to the actual coverage count calculation of OBN acquisition.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] The present invention also provides an apparatus for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter, comprising:

[0102] The parameter determination module determines the layer velocity parameters of the target layer.

[0103] The range determination module calculates the spatial sampling interval, and then determines the range of surface element parameters;

[0104] The calculation module determines the key acquisition parameters of the OBN and calculates the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters.

[0105] The adjustment module adjusts the key acquisition parameters according to the range constraints of the surface element parameters, and uses these as the final key acquisition parameters.

[0106] The receiver channel number determination module determines the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determines the number of receiver channels for each arrangement;

[0107] The coverage count calculation module calculates the coverage count based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

[0108] In one example, calculating the spatial sampling interval, and thus determining the range of surface element parameters, includes:

[0109] Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

[0110] In one example, the spatial sampling interval is:

[0111]

[0112] Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0113] In one example, key acquisition parameters include OBN distance, excitation distance, receiver line distance, and excitation line distance.

[0114] In one example, the size of the OBN acquisition element is:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0118] In one example, adjusting key acquisition parameters based on the range constraints of surface element parameters includes:

[0119] Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition cell calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of cell parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

[0120] In one example, the coverage count parameter is:

[0121]

[0122] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0123] Specifically, based on the exploration objectives of the target area, the layer velocity parameters of the target layer are statistically analyzed using previously collected data such as depth domain interpretation profile data and depth domain stratigraphic data.

[0124] The calculation and statistics of each target layer are based on the element size that satisfies the requirement of no aliasing aliasing in spatial sampling, and an appropriate range of element parameters is selected. In seismic acquisition design, the selection of spatial sampling is mainly based on two theories: one is based on the superposition theory, which requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing aliasing; the other is based on the diffraction point migration theory, which also requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing aliasing. The calculation formulas derived from both theories are as follows:

[0125]

[0126] Where: dx represents the spatial sampling interval; v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer; f m θ represents the highest expected frequency; θ represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation. The value range of the spatial sampling interval element can be calculated based on the dip angle, formation velocity, and expected frequency in the geological model.

[0127] The design of key acquisition parameters, such as OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, is comprehensively considered based on factors such as the number of OBN nodes in OBN acquisition, the requirements for air gun excitation, and whether data is to be fused with data acquired via tow cable. Generally, due to factors such as the limited number of OBN nodes, the designed OBN point spacing and receiver line spacing are relatively large, while the excitation point spacing and excitation line spacing are relatively small.

[0128] Based on the improved method for calculating OBN acquisition grid cells, the grid cell values ​​after determining key acquisition parameters such as the designed OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing are calculated to ensure they meet the grid cell size range for spatial sampling without offset aliasing. For OBN acquisition, larger OBN point spacing and receiver line spacing are no longer suitable for traditional grid cell calculation methods. Therefore, the improved grid cell parameter calculation formula is as follows:

[0129]

[0130] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0131] According to the improved array algorithm, the size of the vertical array is half the greatest common divisor of the OBN point spacing and the shot line spacing, and the size of the horizontal array is half the greatest common divisor of the excitation point spacing and the receiver line spacing.

[0132] Determine whether the calculated element values, after determining the key acquisition parameters such as OBN spacing, excitation spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, meet the element size range for spatial sampling without offset aliasing. If the calculated element values ​​do not meet the range, adjust the key acquisition parameter values ​​and recalculate the element values ​​until the required values ​​are achieved. Generally, when adjusting the key acquisition parameter values ​​such as OBN spacing, excitation spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing, it is also necessary to consider other key parameters such as aspect ratio and shot density to achieve the goal of optimizing the observation system design.

[0133] Based on the exploration tasks and geological conditions of the target area, the maximum offset of the target area is determined, and the number of receiver channels for each arrangement is determined according to the OBN point spacing. A detailed three-dimensional geological model of the target area is constructed based on the exploration tasks and geological conditions. Excitation sources are deployed on a horizontal plane above areas with complex structures in the model to simulate Gaussian ray irradiation of the deepest target layer. The shot point is placed underwater, serving as the source point to simulate Gaussian ray irradiation of the target layer in the model, with an incident angle of 45 degrees for analysis. Because OBN acquisition involves the excitation point being underwater and the receiver point being on the seabed, a maximum shot-receiver offset is determined based on the reflection position of the Gaussian ray irradiation of the target layer received on the seabed. The number of receiver channels for each arrangement is determined based on the maximum shot-receiver offset and the OBN point spacing.

[0134] Based on the determined OBN dot spacing, excitation dot spacing, receiver line spacing, excitation line spacing, and number of receiver channels, an improved method for calculating OBN acquisition coverage times is used to calculate the coverage times of the designed acquisition scheme. Based on the characteristics of OBN acquisition, an improved formula for calculating the coverage times parameter is proposed:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0137] Based on an improved coverage count algorithm, this invention can accurately calculate the case where the shot distance is less than the OBN point distance, adapting to the actual coverage count calculation of OBN acquisition.

[0138] Example 3

[0139] OBN seismic acquisition is required for a certain target area, necessitating the design of an observation system tailored to the geological characteristics and target layer of that area. In the design of this observation system, the optimal selection of key acquisition parameters is crucial. Among these, the coverage number attribute is a critical parameter in the acquisition design process, directly impacting the imaging quality of the acquired data and the overall acquisition cost.

[0140] Based on the exploration objectives of the target area, the main target layer is a certain reservoir. According to the depth domain interpretation results and stratigraphic data collected in the past, the layer velocity of this target reservoir is 3825 m / s.

[0141] The target layer is selected based on the element size that satisfies the requirement of no aliasing during spatial sampling, and an appropriate range of element parameters is chosen. In seismic acquisition design, the selection of spatial sampling is primarily based on two theories: one is based on the superposition theory, which requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing; the other is based on the diffraction point migration theory, which also requires spatial sampling to satisfy the requirement of no aliasing. The calculation formulas derived from both theories are as follows:

[0142]

[0143] Where: dx represents the spatial sampling interval; v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer; f m θ represents the highest expected frequency; θ represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0144] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the surface values ​​calculated based on the dip angle of the target layer in the target area according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0145] To calculate the area of ​​a target stratum that satisfies sampling without aliasing, using the highest effective frequency of 120Hz and the velocity of the target stratum of 3825m / s, the size of the area can be calculated based on the dip angle of the stratum in the geological model. Figure 2 This is a pixel value map calculated based on the dip angle of a specific target layer, and its size varies with the dip angle. The map shows that in steep, large fault zones, pixel values ​​smaller than 20m are required to meet the requirement of no aliasing during migration.

[0146] Considering factors such as the number of OBN nodes, the excitation of air guns, and the integration with data collected by towed cables in the area, the designed observation system has an OBN point spacing of 100m, a receiver line spacing of 150m, an excitation point spacing of 37.5m, and an excitation line spacing of 25m.

[0147] Based on previous methods of calculating area, the area in this observation system design is 100m × 12.5m, which is clearly inappropriate. According to the improved formula for calculating area parameters:

[0148]

[0149] Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0150] The calculated area of ​​the observation system is 25m × 12.5m. This result is obviously more accurate than the traditional calculation result, but it still does not meet the area size range for spatial sampling without offset aliasing.

[0151] To meet the requirement of a spatial sampling area size of less than 20m without offset aliasing, the observation system scheme needs to be adjusted. The design includes an OBN (On-Board Network) spacing of 100m, a receiver line spacing of 125m, an excitation point spacing of 50m, and an excitation line spacing of 25m. The calculated result is a 12.5m × 12.5m area size, which satisfies the requirement of a spatial sampling area size of less than 20m without offset aliasing.

[0152] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of seismic wave forward illumination analysis of a target layer in a target area is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0153] Excitation sources are positioned on a horizontal plane above areas with complex geological structures in the model to simulate Gaussian ray irradiation of the deepest target layer. This aims to better reflect the specificity of the maximum offset parameter in structurally complex regions, ensuring imaging quality in such areas. To ensure the accuracy of parameter selection, simulated Gaussian ray irradiation is conducted in different regions. Finally, the results from each observation point are statistically analyzed, and a suitable maximum offset parameter value is selected based on comprehensive consideration. Because the target layer region may contain multiple strata, and the structural variations may be diverse, it is necessary to irradiate different strata during simulated Gaussian ray irradiation to ensure that the selected maximum offset parameter value is most effective. It is generally considered that an incident angle of 40° or higher is required for AVO analysis and elastic impedance inversion of the target layer. Figure 3 This embodiment uses sea-surface excitation and reception, with the target layer irradiated by rays at an incident angle of 40 degrees. The offset distance is calculated based on the reflection from the sea-surface excitation to the receiving position of the seabed geophone, resulting in a distance of 5100m. Assuming an OBN (On-Board Network) spacing of 100m, each array of intermediate shots has 102 receiving channels.

[0154] Based on the characteristics of OBN acquisition, an improved formula for calculating the coverage number parameter is proposed:

[0155]

[0156] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0157] Taking the designed observation system scheme with an OBN point spacing of 100m, a receiver line spacing of 125m, an excitation point spacing of 50m, an excitation line spacing of 25m, 102 receiver channels, and 48 receiver lines as an example, the coverage number F of this scheme is calculated. 纵 For 51 times, F 横 The number of times is 12, and the total number of times covered is 51 × 12 = 612.

[0158] In the OBN acquisition design process, the design of the acquisition scheme is the result of a systematic research. This invention has good reference value in terms of the basic establishment of certain parameters or in the early research, and plays a very important role in determining the coverage number parameter in OBN acquisition.

[0159] Example 4

[0160] Figure 4A block diagram of an apparatus for calculating the number of times OBN is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0161] like Figure 4 As shown, the device for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter includes:

[0162] Parameter determination module 201 determines the layer velocity parameters of the target layer;

[0163] The range determination module 202 calculates the spatial sampling interval and then determines the range of surface element parameters;

[0164] Calculation module 203 determines the key acquisition parameters of OBN and calculates the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters;

[0165] Adjustment module 204 adjusts the key acquisition parameters according to the range constraints of the surface element parameters, and uses them as the final key acquisition parameters.

[0166] The receiver channel number determination module 205 determines the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determines the number of receiver channels for each arrangement;

[0167] The coverage count calculation module 206 calculates the coverage count based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

[0168] In one example, calculating the spatial sampling interval, and thus determining the range of surface element parameters, includes:

[0169] Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

[0170] In one example, the spatial sampling interval is:

[0171]

[0172] Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

[0173] In one example, key acquisition parameters include OBN distance, excitation distance, receiver line distance, and excitation line distance.

[0174] In one example, the size of the OBN acquisition element is:

[0175]

[0176] Among them, B 纵 B 横represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

[0177] In one example, adjusting key acquisition parameters based on the range constraints of surface element parameters includes:

[0178] Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition cell calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of cell parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

[0179] In one example, the coverage count parameter is:

[0180]

[0181] Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

[0182] Example 5

[0183] This embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; and a processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-described method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter.

[0184] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0185] This memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0186] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the processor is used to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0187] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to achieve a good user experience, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0188] For a detailed description of this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0189] Example 6

[0190] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter.

[0191] A computer-readable storage medium according to embodiments of the present disclosure stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When these non-transitory computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods described in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are performed.

[0192] The aforementioned computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or portable hard drive), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0193] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only intended to illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any of the examples given.

[0194] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the OBN (On-Board Number) acquisition coverage count parameter, characterized in that, include: Determine the layer velocity parameters of the target layer; Calculate the spatial sampling interval, and then determine the range of surface element parameters; Determine the key acquisition parameters of OBN, and calculate the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters; The key acquisition parameters are adjusted according to the range constraints of the surface element parameters to obtain the final key acquisition parameters. Determine the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determine the number of receiver channels for each arrangement; The number of coverage times is calculated based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

2. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 1, wherein, Calculating the spatial sampling interval, and then determining the range of surface element parameters, includes: Based on the dip angle, velocity, and desired frequency of the strata in the geological model, the value range of the spatial sampling interval surface element is calculated, which is the surface element parameter range.

3. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 2, wherein, The spatial sampling interval is: Where dx represents the spatial sampling interval, v represents the root mean square velocity above the target layer, and f m The highest frequency is represented by θ, which represents the dip angle or offset dip angle of the formation.

4. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 1, wherein, The key acquisition parameters include OBN point spacing, excitation point spacing, receiver line spacing, and excitation line spacing.

5. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 4, wherein, The dimensions of the OBN acquisition element are: Among them, B 纵 B 横 represents the vertical and horizontal grid size, RI represents the OBN point spacing, SI represents the excitation point spacing, RLI represents the receiver line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Gcd represents the greatest common divisor function.

6. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 1, wherein, Adjusting the key acquisition parameters according to the constraints of the surface element parameter range includes: Determine whether the size of the OBN acquisition element calculated based on the key acquisition parameters is within the range of the element parameters. If not, adjust the key acquisition parameters.

7. The method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter according to claim 1, wherein, The coverage count parameter is: Among them, F 纵 F 横 RI represents the number of vertical and horizontal element coverages, SI represents the excitation point spacing, NR represents the number of receiving channels per row, NRL represents the number of receiving lines, RLI represents the receiving line spacing, SLI represents the excitation line spacing, and Lcm represents the least common multiple function.

8. An apparatus for calculating OBN (On-Board Number) acquisition coverage number parameters, characterized in that, include: The parameter determination module determines the layer velocity parameters of the target layer. The range determination module calculates the spatial sampling interval, and then determines the range of surface element parameters; The calculation module determines the key acquisition parameters of the OBN and calculates the size of the OBN acquisition element based on the key acquisition parameters. The adjustment module adjusts the key acquisition parameters according to the constraints of the area element parameter range, and uses them as the final key acquisition parameters. The receiver channel number determination module determines the maximum offset distance of the target area, and then determines the number of receiver channels for each arrangement; The coverage count calculation module calculates the coverage count based on the final key acquisition parameters and the number of receiving channels.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, which stores executable instructions; A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for calculating the OBN acquisition coverage number parameter as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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