Unmanned aerial vehicle BMS battery management system

Abstract

The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle BMS battery management system, and belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle BMS battery management systems. The unmanned aerial vehicle BMS battery management system comprises a starting switch network, an LDO voltage reduction network, an MCU control port and a charging and discharging split port design unit, in the battery charging process, an unmanned aerial vehicle discharging port is disconnected, and the safety of the charging process is guaranteed; in the discharging process, the large current of a discharging loop does not pass through a charging MOS tube switch, the power consumption is half of that of the same-port charging and discharging design, the heating value is reduced, thermal safety protection of the BMS is better facilitated, and starting and stopping of the BMS are controlled by electric signals.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power battery BMS management, and particularly relates to a BMS battery management system for a UAV. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the most important power source of an electric UAV, a battery affects the power and voyage of the UAV and is a key factor restricting the development of the UAV.

[0003] A certain type of UAV adopts an integrated design, the power battery is composed of 7 strings of lithium ion soft packages, is built-in the UAV, and is difficult to disassemble after assembly. From the structural and safety design, the battery is connected with other electrical equipment in the UAV. The UAV adopts a barrel shooting mode. When normally stored and transported, the UAV is built-in the launching barrel, and the launching starting signal and the charging port are led out to the launch control platform by the launching barrel connector. Before launching, the battery starting signal is given by the launch control platform, the BMS management system starts to work, and after landing, the parking command is given by the flight control system, and the BMS management system enters the dormant state.

[0004] The BMS management system generally has two parts of an AFE module and an MCU module. The AFE performs battery charging and discharging management, battery parameter acquisition, data storage and transmission, etc. The MCU module performs battery starting logic, data judgment, and information interaction with the upper computer. In the storage and transportation process, the loss of the battery should be reduced as much as possible.

[0005] The starting switch of the traditional BMS management system is a physical key, and is mostly designed with the same charging and discharging port, which is not suitable for the battery management requirement of the certain type of UAV. The application designs a BMS battery management system with separate charging and discharging ports. In the battery charging process, the discharge port of the UAV is disconnected, so as to ensure the safety of the charging process. In the discharging process, the large current of the discharging circuit does not pass through the charging MOS switch, the power consumption is half of that of the same port charging and discharging design, the heat emission is reduced, the thermal safety protection of the BMS management system is more beneficial, and the starting and parking of the BMS management system are controlled by electrical signals. SUMMARY

[0006] (I) Technical problem to be solved The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a BMS battery management system for a UAV for solving the safety problem of battery charging of the UAV.

[0007] (II) Technical scheme To solve the above technical problem, the application provides a BMS battery management system for a UAV. The launch control platform, the launching barrel and the UAV are connected through an electrical connector. When the UAV works, the launch control platform gives a BMS management system starting signal. The BMS battery management system for the UAV comprises a starting switch network, an LDO voltage reduction network and an MCU control port. The switch network is turned on, the LDO buck network is activated, and the MCU control port gives a start switch network hold signal after power-on self-test. After the UAV finishes working, the flight control system gives a stop signal. The BMS battery management system receives the signal and stores the data. The AFE module enters sleep mode, the MCU control port disconnects the BMS battery management system start / stop network switch hold signal, the system is powered off, and enters the stop state. When an external charger is plugged in, the BMS battery management system detects the current at the charging port and determines that it has entered charging mode. The drone discharge switch driver is turned off, and the charging switch driver is turned on. When the battery is detected to be fully charged or the external charger is disconnected, the BMS management system turns off the charging switch driver. After receiving the power supply command from the host computer system, the BMS management system turns on the discharge switch and enters the normal operating mode of the drone.

[0008] The start-up switch network includes: a power battery, a PMOS transistor Q20, transistors Q21 and Q22, resistors R138, R139, R140, R141, R142, and R152, an optocoupler N2, and a capacitor C96. The positive terminal of the power battery is connected to the drain (d) terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20. The two ends of resistor R138 are connected in parallel with the source (s) and gate (g) terminals of the PMOS transistor Q20. The source terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20 serves as the output terminal of the switching network, connected to the LDO step-down network. One end of resistor R140 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20, and the other end is connected to the collector (c) terminal of transistor Q22 and pin 4 of optocoupler N2. Pin 3 of N2 is connected to the base (b) terminal of transistor Q21, and pin 1 of N2 is connected to resistor R138. The transmitter control signal WKUP is connected after Q22. The emitter of Q21 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The collector of Q21 is connected to one end of the resistor R139 and pin 21 of the MCU network U1A. The other end of the resistor R139 is connected to pin 3 of the LDO step-down network chip U5. The emitter of Q22 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The capacitor C96 and the resistor R152 are connected in parallel to the base and emitter of Q22. One end of the resistor R142 is connected to the base of Q22, and the other end is connected to pin 22 of the MCU control port U1A.

[0009] The LDO buck network structure includes: capacitors C7, C8, C9, and C10; chip U5; resistors R11 and R13; PMOS transistor Q1; and transistor Q2. Capacitors C7 and C8 are connected in parallel to pins 2 and 1 of chip U5. Capacitors C9 and C10 are connected in parallel to pins 3 and 1 of U5. Pin 1 of U5 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The drain of PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to pin 3 of U5. The source of PMOS transistor SQ1 serves as the output terminal of the LDO buck network. Resistor R11 is connected in parallel to the drain and gate of PMOS transistor Q1. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of PMOS transistor Q1. The emitter of PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. One end of resistor R13 is connected to the base of PMOS transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to pin 40 of MCU control port U1A.

[0010] The MCU control port is set to MCU microcontroller U1A, which has pins 21, 22, and 40.

[0011] The control platform outputs a high-level WKUP signal to pin 1 of optocoupler N2 in the start-up switch network via the transmitter connector. WKUP drives optocoupler N2 to conduct, and WK+ and WK- are also turned on. The power battery forms a ground loop through the base and emitter of R138, R140, and Q21, pulling down the gate voltage of PMOS transistor Q20. When the turn-on voltage Vgs of Q20 reaches the threshold, Q20 turns on. Current flows through Q20 to the LDO step-down network, starting the voltage conversion circuit. At the same time, the base current Ib of transistor Q1 turns on transistor Q21, and the POW_CK voltage is zero.

[0012] The LDO step-down network outputs a stable 3.3V voltage after passing through the pre- and post-stage filtering and energy storage circuits, which starts the MCU microcontroller U1. After initialization, the MCU microcontroller U1 outputs a high level through pin 22 of the chip, and the POW_EN voltage is 3.3V. This voltage turns on the transistor Q22, grounding the gate level of Q20 through the transistor Q22, keeping Q20 continuously on and no longer affected by the WKUP signal.

[0013] After the drone is launched, the WKUP signal is disconnected, Q21 is turned off, and the POW_CK signal is pulled high to 3.3V through the pull-up resistor R139. The MCU determines that this moment is the launch zero time by detecting the level change of pin 21 of the detection port. After the drone lands, the flight control system sends a stop command through the communication interface. The BMS MCU starts a system delay, and the AFE module stores data. Then it enters sleep mode. After the MCU delay ends, pin 22 outputs a low level, the POW_EN voltage is zero, the transistor Q22 is turned off, and the gate voltage of the PMOS transistor Q20 is raised to the battery voltage through the pull-up resistor R138. The turn-on voltage Vgs of the PMOS transistor Q20 is 0V, Q20 turns off, and the MCU microcontroller U1 is powered off.

[0014] The UAV BMS battery management system also includes a charging / discharging port design unit. The charging / discharging port design unit includes a charging network and a discharging network.

[0015] The discharge network structure includes: NMOS transistors QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, QD6; resistors R59, R79, R83, R88, R93, R97, R104, R108, R109, R151; transistor Q13; diode D15; Zener diode Z4; and optocoupler N1. One end of resistor R59 is connected to the discharge network control input terminal DSG, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of diode D15. The negative terminal of D15 is connected to one end of resistor R79, and the other end of R79 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD1. One end of resistor R83 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD2, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R88 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD3, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R93 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD4, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R97 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD5, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R109 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD6, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. The base (b) terminal of transistor Q13 is connected to the positive terminal of D15, the collector (C) terminal of Q13 is connected to the negative terminal of D15, and the emitter (e) terminal of Q13 is connected to the positive terminal of D15. Connect one end of resistor R104, and the other end of R104 to the test negative terminal C_IN. Connect the drain (d) terminals of QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, and QD6 to one point, and the source (s) terminals to one point. Connect resistor R108 and Zener diode Z4 in parallel, with one end connected to the test negative terminal C_IN and the other end connected to the negative terminal of D15. Connect pin 4 of optocoupler N1 to the negative terminal of D15, pin 3 of N1 to the test negative terminal C_IN, pin 2 of N1 to the battery charging negative terminal C-, and pin 1 of N1 to one end of resistor R151. Connect the other end of R151 to the battery charging positive terminal C+.

[0016] The charging network includes: NMOS transistors QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, and QC6; resistors R10, R58, R75, R80, R81, R84, R89, R94, R98, R102, R105, R106, R110, and R153; transistors Q12, Q14, and Q15; diodes D12 and D16; Zener diode Z4; and optocoupler N3. One end of resistor R58 is connected to the charging network control input terminal CHG, and the other end is connected to the emitter (e) of transistor Q12. The collector (c) of Q12 is connected to the anode of diode D12. Resistor R75 is connected to the base (b) and emitter (e) of Q12. Resistor R81 is connected to the base (b) of Q12 and the negative terminal of the battery. The anode of diode D16 is connected to the cathode of D12. One end of resistor R80 is connected to the cathode of D16, and the other end is connected to the gate (g) of NMOS transistor QC1. One end of resistor R84... Connect one end of resistor R16 to the negative terminal and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC2. Connect one end of resistor R89 ​​to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC3. Connect one end of resistor R94 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC4. Connect one end of resistor R98 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC5. Connect one end of resistor R110 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC6. The drain (d) terminals of QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, and QC6 are connected in parallel to the negative test terminal C_IN, and the sink (s) terminals are connected in parallel to the negative battery charging terminal C-. One end of resistor R105 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The positive terminal of Zener diode Z5 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-, and the negative terminal of Z5 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. The emitter (e) terminal of Q14 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. One end of resistor R106 is connected to the collector (c) terminal of Q14, and the other end is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The emitter (e) terminal of transistor Q15... Connect the base (b) of Q14, connect the collector (c) of Q15 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect the base (b) of Q15 to the positive terminal (D16), connect one end of resistor R102 to the base (b) of Q15 and the other end to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect one end of resistor R10 to the charging port (C+) and the other end to pin 1 of optocoupler N3, connect pin 2 of N3 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect pin 4 of N3 to the LDO output voltage MCU_3V3, connect pin 4 to one end of resistor R153, and connect the other end of R153 to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: during battery charging, the drone discharge port is disconnected, ensuring the safety of the charging process; during discharge, the large current of the discharge circuit does not pass through the charging MOS transistor switch, the power consumption is half that of the same-port charging and discharging design, the heat generation is reduced, which is more conducive to the thermal safety protection of the BMS management system, and the start-up and shutdown of the BMS management system are controlled by electrical signals. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram showing the start-up and shutdown circuit design of the BMS management system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the MCU control port for the BMS management system of the present invention for startup and shutdown. Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram showing the charging design of the BMS management system of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram showing the discharge design of the BMS management system of the present invention. Among them, 1 is the power battery, 2 is the start-stop network, 3 is the LDO step-down network, 4 is the start and stop circuit detection and control port, 5 is the communication start-stop port, 6 is the discharge fast shutdown network, 7 is the parallel current equalization network, 8 is the charging lock network, 9 is the charging network, 10 is the parallel current equalization network, 11 is the charging fast shutdown network, and 12 is the charging detection. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a UAV BMS battery management system. The launch control platform, launch tube, and UAV are connected via an electrical connector. When the UAV is working, the launch control platform gives a start signal to the BMS management system. The UAV BMS battery management system includes: a start switch network, an LDO buck network, and an MCU control port. The switch network is turned on, the LDO buck network is activated, and the MCU control port gives a start switch network hold signal after power-on self-test. After the UAV finishes working, the flight control system gives a stop signal. The BMS battery management system receives the signal and stores the data. The AFE module enters sleep mode, the MCU control port disconnects the BMS battery management system start / stop network switch hold signal, the system is powered off, and enters the stop state. When an external charger is plugged in, the BMS battery management system detects the current at the charging port and determines that it has entered charging mode. The drone discharge switch driver is turned off, and the charging switch driver is turned on. When the battery is detected to be fully charged or the external charger is disconnected, the BMS management system turns off the charging switch driver. After receiving the power supply command from the host computer system, the BMS management system first checks the charging port current. When the detected current is less than 2mA, it can turn on the discharge switch according to the host computer command and enter the normal working mode of the drone.

[0021] The start-up switch network includes: a power battery, a PMOS transistor Q20, transistors Q21 and Q22, resistors R138, R139, R140, R141, R142, and R152, an optocoupler N2, and a capacitor C96. The positive terminal of the power battery is connected to the drain (d) terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20. The two ends of resistor R138 are connected in parallel with the source (s) and gate (g) terminals of the PMOS transistor Q20. The source terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20 serves as the output terminal of the switching network, connected to the LDO step-down network. One end of resistor R140 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of the PMOS transistor Q20, and the other end is connected to the collector (c) terminal of transistor Q22 and pin 4 of optocoupler N2. Pin 3 of N2 is connected to the base (b) terminal of transistor Q21, and pin 1 of N2 is connected to resistor R138. The transmitter control signal WKUP is connected after Q22. The emitter of Q21 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The collector of Q21 is connected to one end of the resistor R139 and pin 21 of the MCU network U1A. The other end of the resistor R139 is connected to pin 3 of the LDO step-down network chip U5. The emitter of Q22 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The capacitor C96 and the resistor R152 are connected in parallel to the base and emitter of Q22. One end of the resistor R142 is connected to the base of Q22, and the other end is connected to pin 22 of the MCU control port U1A.

[0022] The LDO buck network structure includes: capacitors C7, C8, C9, and C10; chip U5; resistors R11 and R13; PMOS transistor Q1; and transistor Q2. Capacitors C7 and C8 are connected in parallel to pins 2 and 1 of chip U5. Capacitors C9 and C10 are connected in parallel to pins 3 and 1 of U5. Pin 1 of U5 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The drain of PMOS transistor Q1 is connected to pin 3 of U5. The source of PMOS transistor SQ1 serves as the output terminal of the LDO buck network. Resistor R11 is connected in parallel to the drain and gate of PMOS transistor Q1. The collector of transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of PMOS transistor Q1. The emitter of PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. One end of resistor R13 is connected to the base of PMOS transistor Q2, and the other end is connected to pin 40 of MCU control port U1A.

[0023] The MCU control port is set to MCU microcontroller U1A, which has pins 21, 22, and 40.

[0024] The control platform outputs a high-level WKUP signal to pin 1 of optocoupler N2 in the start-up switch network via the transmitter connector. WKUP drives optocoupler N2 to conduct, and WK+ and WK- are also turned on. The power battery forms a ground loop through the base and emitter of R138, R140, and Q21, pulling down the gate voltage of PMOS transistor Q20. When the turn-on voltage Vgs of Q20 reaches the threshold, Q20 turns on. Current flows through Q20 to the LDO step-down network, starting the voltage conversion circuit. At the same time, the base current Ib of transistor Q1 turns on transistor Q21, and the POW_CK voltage is zero.

[0025] The LDO step-down network outputs a stable 3.3V voltage after passing through the pre- and post-stage filtering and energy storage circuits, which starts the MCU microcontroller U1. After initialization, the MCU microcontroller U1 outputs a high level through pin 22 of the chip, and the POW_EN voltage is 3.3V. This voltage turns on the transistor Q22, grounding the gate level of Q20 through the transistor Q22, keeping Q20 continuously on and no longer affected by the WKUP signal.

[0026] After the drone is launched, the WKUP signal is disconnected, Q21 is turned off, and the POW_CK signal is pulled high to 3.3V through the pull-up resistor R139. The MCU determines that this moment is the launch zero time by detecting the level change of pin 21 of the detection port. After the drone lands, the flight control system sends a stop command through the communication interface. The BMS MCU starts a system delay, and the AFE module stores data. Then it enters sleep mode. After the MCU delay ends, pin 22 outputs a low level, the POW_EN voltage is zero, the transistor Q22 is turned off, and the gate voltage of the PMOS transistor Q20 is raised to the battery voltage through the pull-up resistor R138. The turn-on voltage Vgs of the PMOS transistor Q20 is 0V, Q20 turns off, and the MCU microcontroller U1 is powered off.

[0027] The UAV BMS battery management system also includes a charging / discharging port design unit. The charging / discharging port design unit includes a charging network and a discharging network.

[0028] The discharge network structure includes: NMOS transistors QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, QD6; resistors R59, R79, R83, R88, R93, R97, R104, R108, R109, R151; transistor Q13; diode D15; Zener diode Z4; and optocoupler N1. One end of resistor R59 is connected to the discharge network control input terminal DSG, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of diode D15. The negative terminal of D15 is connected to one end of resistor R79, and the other end of R79 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD1. One end of resistor R83 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD2, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R88 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD3, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R93 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD4, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R97 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD5, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. One end of resistor R109 is connected to the gate (g) terminal of QD6, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of D15. The base (b) terminal of transistor Q13 is connected to the positive terminal of D15, the collector (C) terminal of Q13 is connected to the negative terminal of D15, and the emitter (e) terminal of Q13 is connected to the positive terminal of D15. Connect one end of resistor R104, and the other end of R104 to the test negative terminal C_IN. Connect the drain (d) terminals of QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, and QD6 to one point, and the source (s) terminals to one point. Connect resistor R108 and Zener diode Z4 in parallel, with one end connected to the test negative terminal C_IN and the other end connected to the negative terminal of D15. Connect pin 4 of optocoupler N1 to the negative terminal of D15, pin 3 of N1 to the test negative terminal C_IN, pin 2 of N1 to the battery charging negative terminal C-, and pin 1 of N1 to one end of resistor R151. Connect the other end of R151 to the battery charging positive terminal C+.

[0029] The charging network includes: NMOS transistors QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, and QC6; resistors R10, R58, R75, R80, R81, R84, R89, R94, R98, R102, R105, R106, R110, and R153; transistors Q12, Q14, and Q15; diodes D12 and D16; Zener diode Z4; and optocoupler N3. One end of resistor R58 is connected to the charging network control input terminal CHG, and the other end is connected to the emitter (e) of transistor Q12. The collector (c) of Q12 is connected to the anode of diode D12. Resistor R75 is connected to the base (b) and emitter (e) of Q12. Resistor R81 is connected to the base (b) of Q12 and the negative terminal of the battery. The anode of diode D16 is connected to the cathode of D12. One end of resistor R80 is connected to the cathode of D16, and the other end is connected to the gate (g) of NMOS transistor QC1. One end of resistor R84... Connect one end of resistor R16 to the negative terminal and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC2. Connect one end of resistor R89 ​​to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC3. Connect one end of resistor R94 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC4. Connect one end of resistor R98 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC5. Connect one end of resistor R110 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC6. The drain (d) terminals of QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, and QC6 are connected in parallel to the negative test terminal C_IN, and the sink (s) terminals are connected in parallel to the negative battery charging terminal C-. One end of resistor R105 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The positive terminal of Zener diode Z5 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-, and the negative terminal of Z5 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. The emitter (e) terminal of Q14 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. One end of resistor R106 is connected to the collector (c) terminal of Q14, and the other end is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The emitter (e) terminal of transistor Q15... Connect the base (b) of Q14, connect the collector (c) of Q15 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect the base (b) of Q15 to the positive terminal (D16), connect one end of resistor R102 to the base (b) of Q15 and the other end to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect one end of resistor R10 to the charging port (C+) and the other end to pin 1 of optocoupler N3, connect pin 2 of N3 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect pin 4 of N3 to the LDO output voltage MCU_3V3, connect pin 4 to one end of resistor R153, and connect the other end of R153 to the negative terminal of the battery.

[0030] The split-port design unit includes a charging network design. An external charging power supply is connected to the charging port, driving optocoupler N3. Pins 3 and 4 of optocoupler N3 are turned on, causing the CHG_CK level to jump from 0V to 3.3V, triggering an external interrupt on the MCU. The MCU then issues a charging command. Upon receiving the command, the AFE module outputs a high level CHG, which is applied to the base of transistor Q12, turning it on. Simultaneously, the external charging power supply drives optocoupler N2, clamping the discharge network control port to a low level to prevent accidental triggering of the discharge network.

[0031] The control signal CHG, after passing through the current-limiting resistor R58 and diodes D12 and D16, is applied to the gate (g) of the NMOS transistor group composed of QC1 to QC6. The NMOS transistor group adopts a parallel current-equalizing design, and the internal current can be automatically balanced by the MOS characteristics. After Vgs reaches the threshold, the drain (d) and source (s) channels of QC1 to QC6 open, and the external power supply charges the battery through the ds loop.

[0032] The BMS management unit simultaneously monitors the battery voltage and CHG_CK. When the battery voltage reaches the set value or CHG_CK is low, the AFE outputs a low CHG signal. Due to the large capacitance caused by the parallel connection of the NMOS transistor group junction capacitance, its gate voltage release time is relatively long. After CHG is pulled low, the fast turn-off network transistors Q15 and Q14 are turned on. The parasitic junction capacitance of the NMOS transistor group is released quickly through the ce path of Q14, causing the gate voltage of the NMOS transistor to be released quickly through resistor R106, thus shortening the turn-off time of the NMOS transistor group.

[0033] In the discharge network design, the MCU detects the CHG_CK level. Once it confirms 0V, it outputs a discharge command to the AFE module according to the host computer's requirements. Upon receiving the discharge command, the AFE module outputs a high-level DSG. This high-level DSG passes through the current-limiting resistor R59 and diode D15, controlling the NMOS transistor group composed of QD1 to QD6 to simultaneously conduct, initiating discharge. At this time, Q13 is in the off state. After the circuit stops, the MCU controls the AFE module to output a high-level DSG. Due to the existence of the gs junction capacitance of the NMOS transistor group composed of QD1 to QD6, the gate (g) terminal is at a high level, and there is a voltage across Vbe of transistor Q13. Turning on Q13 quickly releases the gate voltage through resistor R104, shortening the turn-off time of the NMOS transistor group.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drone BMS battery management system, characterized in that, The launch control platform, the launching tube and the unmanned aerial vehicle are connected through an electric connector. When the unmanned aerial vehicle works, the launch control platform gives a BMS management system starting signal. The unmanned aerial vehicle BMS battery management system comprises a starting switch network, an LDO voltage reduction network and an MCU control port. When the starting switch network is opened, the LDO voltage reduction network is activated, and the MCU control port gives a starting switch network maintaining signal after power-on self-test. After the unmanned aerial vehicle works, a parking signal is given by the flight control system. After receiving the signal, the BMS battery management system stores data, the AFE module enters a sleep mode, the MCU control port disconnects the BMS battery management system start-stop network switch maintaining signal, the system is powered off, and enters a parking state. After an external charger is inserted, the BMS battery management system detects a charging port current, judges to enter a charging mode, the unmanned aerial vehicle discharge switch drive is closed, and the charging switch drive is opened. When it is detected that the battery is fully charged or the external charger is disconnected, the BMS management system closes the charging switch drive. After the BMS management system receives a power supply command of an upper computer system, the discharge switch is opened, and the unmanned aerial vehicle enters a normal working mode.

2. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The starting switch network comprises a power battery, a PMOS tube Q20, transistors Q21 and Q22, resistors R138, R139, R140, R141, R142 and R152, an optical coupler N2 and a capacitor C96. A positive electrode of the power battery is connected with a d electrode of the PMOS tube Q20. Resistors R138 are connected in parallel between two ends of the PMOS tube Q20 and s and g electrodes of the PMOS tube Q20. An s electrode of the PMOS tube Q20 is used as a switch network output end and is connected with an LDO voltage reduction network. One end of a resistor R140 is connected with a g electrode of the PMOS tube Q20, and the other end is connected with a c electrode of the transistor Q22 and a 4-pin of the optical coupler N2. A 3-pin of the N2 is connected with a b electrode of the transistor Q21. A 1-pin of the N2 is connected with the resistor R152 and then connected with a launching tube control signal WKUP. An e electrode of the Q21 is connected with a negative electrode of the battery. A c electrode of the Q21 is connected with one end of the resistor R139 and a 21-pin of an MCU network U1A. The other end of the resistor R139 is connected with a 3-pin of the LDO voltage reduction network chip U5. An e electrode of the Q22 is connected with the negative electrode of the battery. The capacitor C96 is connected in parallel with the resistor R152 and then connected with b and e electrodes of the Q22. One end of the resistor R142 is connected with the b electrode of the Q22, and the other end is connected with a 22-pin of the MCU control port U1A.

3. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The LDO voltage reduction network structure comprises capacitors C7, C8, C9 and C10, a chip U5, resistors R11 and R13, a PMOS tube Q1 and a transistor Q2. The capacitor C7, C8 is connected in parallel to the 2 pin and 1 pin of the chip U5, the capacitor C9, C10 is connected in parallel to the 3 pin and 1 pin of U5, the 1 pin of U5 is connected to the negative pole of the battery, the d pole of the PMOS tube Q1 is connected to the 3 pin of U5, the s pole of the PMOS tube SQ1 is used as the output end of the LDO voltage reduction network, the resistance R11 is connected in parallel to the d pole and g pole of the PMOS tube Q1, the c pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the g pole of the PMOS tube Q1, the e pole of the PMOS tube Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the battery, one end of the resistance R13 is connected to the b pole of the PMOS tube Q2, and the other end is connected to the 40 pin of the MCU control port U1A.

4. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 3, wherein, The MCU control port is arranged as an MCU single-chip microcomputer U1A, which is provided with pins 21, 22 and 40.

5. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 4, wherein, The launch control platform outputs a high level WKUP signal to the 1 pin of the start switch network photoelectric coupler N2 through the launching barrel connector, the WKUP drives the photoelectric coupler N2 to be turned on, the WK+, WK- is turned on, the power battery forms a loop to the ground through the R138, R140, the b pole and e pole of the Q21, the g pole voltage of the PMOS tube Q20 is pulled down, the Q20 opening voltage Vgs reaches the threshold value, the Q20 is opened, the current passes through the Q20 and is input to the LDO voltage reduction network, the voltage conversion circuit is started, the base current Ib of the transistor Q1 turns on the transistor Q21, and the POW_CK voltage is zero.

6. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 5, wherein, The LDO voltage reduction network is stably output 3.3V voltage after the front and rear stage filter energy storage circuits, and the MCU single-chip microcomputer U1 is started, and after the MCU single-chip microcomputer U1 is initialized, a high level is output through the chip port 22 pin, the POW_EN voltage is 3.3V, the voltage makes the transistor Q22 be turned on, the g pole level of the Q20 is grounded through the transistor Q22, the Q20 is kept in the continuous opening state, and is not affected by the WKUP signal.

7. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 6, wherein, After the UAV is launched, the WKUP signal is disconnected, the Q21 is closed, the POW_CK signal is pulled up to 3.3V through the pull-up resistance R139, the MCU detects the level jump of the port 21 pin, and judges that the moment is the launch zero time; After the UAV lands, the flight control system sends a parking command through the communication interface, the MCU of the BMS starts system delay, the AFE module stores data, and then enters the sleep state; after the MCU delay is finished, the port 22 pin outputs a low level, the POW_EN voltage is zero, the transistor Q22 is closed, the g pole voltage of the PMOS tube Q20 is raised to the battery voltage through the pull-up resistance R138, the opening voltage Vgs of the PMOS tube Q20 is 0V, and the Q20 turns off the MCU single-chip microcomputer U1.

8. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 1, wherein, The UAV BMS battery management system is further provided with a charge and discharge separate port design unit. The charge and discharge separate port design unit comprises a charging network and a discharging network.

9. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 8, wherein, The discharging network structure comprises: NMOS tubes QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, QD6, resistors R59, R79, R83, R88, R93, R97, R104, R108, R109 and R151, a transistor Q13, a diode D15, a voltage stabilizing tube Z4 and a photoelectric coupler N1. One end of the resistor R59 is connected to the discharge network control input end DSG, the other end is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D15, the negative electrode of D15 is connected to one end of the resistor R79, the other end of R79 is connected to the g electrode of QD1, one end of the resistor R83 is connected to the g electrode of QD2, the other end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, one end of the resistor R88 is connected to the g electrode of QD3, the other end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, one end of the resistor R93 is connected to the g electrode of QD4, the other end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, one end of the resistor R97 is connected to the g electrode of QD5, the other end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, one end of the resistor R109 is connected to the g electrode of QD6, the other end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, the b electrode of the triode Q13 is connected to the positive electrode of D15, the C electrode of Q13 is connected to the negative electrode of D15, the e electrode of Q13 is connected to one end of the resistor R104, the other end of R104 is connected to the test negative electrode C_IN, the d electrode of QD1, QD2, QD3, QD4, QD5, QD6 is connected to a point, the s electrode is connected to a point, the resistor R108 and the voltage stabilizing tube Z4 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the test negative electrode C_IN, one end is connected to the negative electrode of D15, the 4 pin of the optocoupler N1 is connected to the negative electrode of D15, the 3 pin of N1 is connected to the test negative electrode C_IN, the 2 pin of N1 is connected to the battery charging negative electrode C-, the 1 pin of N1 is connected to one end of the resistor R151, the other end of R151 is connected to the battery charging positive electrode C+.

10. The drone BMS battery management system of claim 9, wherein, The charging network includes: NMOS tubes QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, QC6, resistors R10, R58, R75, R80, R81, R84, R89, R94, R98, R102, R105, R106, R110, R153, triodes Q12, Q14, Q15, diodes D12, D16, voltage stabilizing tube Z4, optocoupler N3; One end of resistor R58 is connected to the charging network control input terminal CHG, and the other end is connected to the emitter (e) of transistor Q12. The collector (c) of Q12 is connected to the anode of diode D12. Resistor R75 is connected to the base (b) and emitter (e) of Q12. Resistor R81 is connected to the base (b) of Q12 and the negative terminal of the battery. The anode of diode D16 is connected to the cathode of D12. One end of resistor R80 is connected to the cathode of D16, and the other end is connected to the gate (g) of NMOS transistor QC1. One end of resistor R84... Connect one end of resistor R16 to the negative terminal and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC2. Connect one end of resistor R89 ​​to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC3. Connect one end of resistor R94 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC4. Connect one end of resistor R98 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC5. Connect one end of resistor R110 to the negative terminal of D16 and the other end to the gate (g) terminal of NMOS transistor QC6. The drain (d) terminals of QC1, QC2, QC3, QC4, QC5, and QC6 are connected in parallel to the negative test terminal C_IN, and the sink (s) terminals are connected in parallel to the negative battery charging terminal C-. One end of resistor R105 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The positive terminal of Zener diode Z5 is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-, and the negative terminal of Z5 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. The emitter (e) terminal of Q14 is connected to the negative terminal of D16. One end of resistor R106 is connected to the collector (c) terminal of Q14, and the other end is connected to the negative battery charging terminal C-. The emitter (e) terminal of transistor Q15... Connect the base (b) of Q14, connect the collector (c) of Q15 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect the base (b) of Q15 to the positive terminal (D16), connect one end of resistor R102 to the base (b) of Q15 and the other end to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect one end of resistor R10 to the charging port (C+) and the other end to pin 1 of optocoupler N3, connect pin 2 of N3 to the negative terminal (C-) of the battery, connect pin 4 of N3 to the LDO output voltage MCU_3V3, connect pin 4 to one end of resistor R153, and connect the other end of R153 to the negative terminal of the battery.

Images