Transformer substation adjustable ice melting system and method based on two-phase bus

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation adjustable ice melting system and method based on a two-phase bus, relates to the technical field of transformer substation ice melting, and aims to reduce the occupied area and reduce the cost. The system comprises a wire contact, two parallel ice melting pipe buses and an ice melting knife gate. The number of the ice melting knife brakes of each phase of tubular bus is 1-3, and the difference of the number of the two phases is 1 at most. The ice-melting knife switch comprises a knife switch main body, a driving mechanism, a connecting rod and a connecting rod contact, the driving mechanism controls the lifting of the connecting rod contact, and the knife switch main body is linearly and movably mounted along the length direction of the ice-melting tubular bus. For a three-phase power transmission loop needing ice melting, each phase of wire is provided with a wire contact fixed on a down lead. During working, the disconnecting link enables the connecting rod contact to be centered with the corresponding wire contact, and the connecting rod contact is lifted to realize butt joint, so that current is conducted. A two-phase ice melting bus is adopted to replace a traditional three-phase bus, and a small number of adjustable disconnecting links are used to replace a large number of fixed disconnecting links, so that the occupied area is reduced by nearly two thirds, and the land pressure of a transformer substation is greatly relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation de-icing technology, and in particular to an adjustable de-icing system and method for substations based on a two-phase busbar. Background Technology

[0002] In high-altitude and snowy regions, icing on transmission lines poses a significant threat to the safe operation of the power grid. Currently, installing fixed de-icing busbars and de-icing disconnect switches (or "de-icing disconnectors") within substations is one of the commonly used technical measures to address line icing. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a typical fixed de-icing system within a substation. It includes a three-phase de-icing busbar 11 and a fixed de-icing disconnect switch 12 for each transmission line requiring de-icing. During operation, the de-icing current is passed through (connected to) the target line by operating the corresponding fixed disconnect switch.

[0003] However, the traditional in-station de-icing solution it represents has the following inherent drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Complex system and large footprint: The system employs a three-phase de-icing busbar, requiring a fixed set (usually three-phase) of de-icing disconnect switches for each transmission line requiring de-icing. This "one line, one switch" layout necessitates the installation of a large number of fixed disconnect switches and their foundations and supports within the de-icing site. This layout results in a massive land area for the de-icing zone, leading to high costs for substations with increasingly scarce land resources.

[0005] 2. High equipment costs: The large number of fixed de-icing disconnect switches and their foundations and supports result in high equipment material costs, installation costs, and long-term maintenance costs.

[0006] 3. Low utilization rate: Each de-icing disconnect switch serves only one fixed transmission line. When there are many lines in the station, most of the equipment is idle for a long time, resulting in extremely low resource utilization. The system cannot flexibly adapt to the dynamic changes in the line de-icing demand.

[0007] With rapid societal development, the need for substations in specific application scenarios is increasing. These include large-scale hub substations with limited land resources and numerous outgoing lines, or substations located in areas with difficult land acquisition, such as urban peripheries or mountainous regions. These substations require permanent de-icing infrastructure capable of flexibly and efficiently providing de-icing capabilities for multiple (or even all) high-voltage transmission lines within the substation. This specific scenario manifests in three interrelated elements that collectively constitute a technological challenge:

[0008] Firstly, space resources are extremely limited: traditional three-phase fixed systems occupy a huge area, making them impossible to implement or prohibitively expensive in such sites.

[0009] Secondly, multiple lines need to share limited de-icing resources: the station has many outgoing lines, each of which needs to have de-icing capabilities, but it is extremely uneconomical to configure high-cost fixed equipment for each line independently.

[0010] Third, it requires permanent fixed facilities rather than temporary operations to meet the needs of rapid response, high reliability, and deep integration with substation operation and management.

[0011] In this specific scenario, traditional fixed ice-melting systems located within stations cannot solve the problems of land occupation and cost.

[0012] Therefore, the long-standing technical dilemma in this field is the lack of a new on-site ice melting solution that can fundamentally overturn the traditional structure, achieve integration, low cost and high flexibility, and perfectly fit the aforementioned specific application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of traditional substation de-icing solutions, such as large footprint, numerous devices leading to high costs, and insufficient flexibility. It provides an adjustable de-icing system and method for substations based on two-phase busbars, so as to reduce the substation footprint and lower equipment costs.

[0014] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a substation adjustable de-icing system based on a two-phase busbar, installed within the substation, including conductor contacts, two parallel de-icing pipe busbars, and a de-icing switch; the de-icing pipe busbars are supported within the substation by post insulators, and a switching switch is installed between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars; the two parallel de-icing pipe busbars are the first phase de-icing pipe busbar and the second phase de-icing pipe busbar;

[0015] There are 1-3 de-icing knife switches on each phase de-icing pipe bus, and the number of de-icing knife switches on two phase de-icing pipe bus differs by a maximum of 1.

[0016] The de-icing knife gate includes a knife gate body, a drive mechanism, a connecting rod, and a connecting rod contact. The drive mechanism is located inside the knife gate body. The bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the knife gate body, and the top end is connected to the connecting rod contact. The drive mechanism controls the rotation of the connecting rod to realize the lifting and lowering of the connecting rod contact.

[0017] The main body of the de-icing switch is linearly and movably installed on the de-icing pipe busbar along the length of the de-icing pipe busbar;

[0018] Each phase of the three-phase power transmission circuit requiring de-icing is equipped with a conductor contact. The conductor contact is fixedly installed on the equipment connection line of the corresponding down conductor. The conductor contact is aligned with the corresponding connecting rod contact. After the connecting rod contact is raised, it connects with the conductor contact, thus conducting current between the conductor contact, the connecting rod of the de-icing switch, the de-icing switch, and the busbar of the de-icing pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a movable control motor for driving the knife switch body to move on the de-icing pipe busbar, and a lifting control motor for controlling the rotation of the connecting rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting rod is a conductive rod, and an insulating component is provided between it and the main body of the knife switch.

[0021] Furthermore, when the line to be de-iced is its own line, each phase of the de-icing pipe busbar is connected to the corresponding number of de-icing switches, which are electrically connected to three or two of the transmission conductors in the line to be de-iced.

[0022] When the line to be melted is another line, each phase of the de-icing pipe busbar is connected to one of the aforementioned de-icing knife switches and electrically connected to two phases of the power transmission conductor in the de-icing power source line. At the same time, another of the aforementioned de-icing knife switches is connected to two phases of the power transmission conductor in the line to be melted.

[0023] The self-circuit refers to the three-phase transmission circuit where the ice-melting power supply is located; the other circuits refer to the three-phase transmission circuits outside of the self-circuit.

[0024] Furthermore, the main body of the knife switch is equipped with a traveling mechanism, which is located on the de-icing pipe busbar and is driven by the driving mechanism to adjust linearly along the de-icing pipe busbar.

[0025] Furthermore, the walking mechanism includes walking wheels, and the bottom of the knife switch body is provided with a guide groove adapted to the de-icing pipe busbar. The guide groove straddles the de-icing pipe busbar, and at least two sets of walking wheels are provided at the top of the groove. The two sets of walking wheels are located on both sides of the contact conductor of the connecting rod. The walking mechanism is formed by the driving connection of the walking wheels and the driving mechanism.

[0026] The cross-section of the ice-melting pipe busbar is square.

[0027] The above-mentioned ice-melting method for a substation adjustable ice-melting system based on a two-phase busbar involves setting the ice-melting power supply in the opposite station. When the line to be melted is its own line, the corresponding number of ice-melting switches from each phase ice-melting pipe busbar are adjusted to the corresponding working positions below the line to be melted.

[0028] The connecting rod of the de-icing switch is raised to connect the connecting rod contact with the wire contact fixed in the corresponding wire of the line to be de-iced.

[0029] Close the on / off switch between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars;

[0030] Connect the de-icing power supply on the opposite side of the line to be de-iced, allowing the de-icing current to flow from the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply through the transmission line connected to the positive terminal, through the corresponding de-icing switch within the station to the corresponding phase de-icing pipe busbar, through the on / off switch to the other phase de-icing pipe busbar and through its corresponding de-icing switch, then to the transmission line connected to the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, finally reaching the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply. This forms a circuit for de-icing the line to be de-iced. After de-icing is completed, lower the control connecting rod to separate the connecting rod contact from the conductor contact, opening the on / off switch between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars.

[0031] Furthermore, the de-icing power supply is located in the opposite station. When the de-icing line is another line, each phase of the de-icing pipe busbar has a de-icing switch that is adjusted to the corresponding work position below its own line. Each phase of the de-icing pipe busbar also has a corresponding number of de-icing switches that are adjusted to the corresponding work position below the line to be de-iced.

[0032] Control the connecting rod of the de-icing switch to rise, so that the connecting rod contact is connected to the wire contact fixed in the line to be de-iced and in its own line;

[0033] Open the on / off switch between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars;

[0034] The corresponding transmission conductor on the opposite side of the line to be melted is short-circuited, and the de-icing power supply on the opposite side of the line is connected. The de-icing current flows from the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply through the transmission conductor connected to the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply, through the corresponding de-icing switch in this station to the corresponding phase de-icing pipe bus, then through the de-icing switch between the corresponding phase de-icing pipe bus and the line to be melted to the corresponding transmission conductor of the line to be melted, and then through the de-icing switch between the other phase de-icing pipe bus and the line to be melted to the other phase de-icing pipe bus, and through the de-icing switch corresponding to the other phase de-icing pipe bus to the transmission conductor connected to the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, finally reaching the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, forming a loop and de-icing the line to be melted; after the de-icing is completed, the control connecting rod is lowered, causing the connecting rod contact to separate from the conductor contact.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] 1. By replacing the traditional three-phase de-icing busbar with a two-phase de-icing busbar and improving the traditional large number of fixed disconnect switches to a small number of adjustable disconnect switches on the busbar, the layout of the de-icing site has been reconstructed, reducing the land area occupied by nearly two-thirds compared to the traditional solution, which greatly alleviates the land pressure on the substation.

[0037] 2. The number of de-icing switches has been reduced from three per line to two, three, four, or five shared across the entire site, significantly decreasing the overall number of de-icing switches. The number of de-icing busbars has also been reduced from three to two, a reduction of one-third. This has resulted in a substantial decrease in equipment, material, installation, and maintenance costs.

[0038] 3. A small number of adjustable de-icing switches can serve all transmission lines within the station, resulting in high equipment reuse rate and enabling the system to respond flexibly and quickly to the de-icing needs of different lines.

[0039] 4. The de-icing busbar is no longer just a conductor; it also has the dual functions of conducting electricity and regulating the de-icing switch track. This high degree of structural and functional integration simplifies the overall system and improves efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a typical existing fixed ice-melting system within a station;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a wiring diagram of a typical existing fixed ice-melting system within a station.

[0042] Figure 3 Left view of a typical existing station-based fixed ice-melting system;

[0043] Figure 4 A plan view of the adjustable ice-melting system for a substation based on a two-phase busbar, as disclosed in this invention, is shown with four ice-melting switches installed.

[0044] Figure 5 The diagram shows the wiring schematic of the adjustable ice-melting system for a substation based on a two-phase busbar disclosed in this invention when four ice-melting switches are installed.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a left view of the adjustable ice-melting system for substations based on a two-phase busbar disclosed in this invention.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a front view of the adjustable ice-melting system for substations based on a two-phase busbar disclosed in this invention.

[0047] Figure 8 Front view of the connection between the de-icing pipe busbar and the de-icing switch;

[0048] Figure 9 Side view of the de-icing pipe busbar, de-icing switch, and conductor contact connection;

[0049] Figure 10 The diagram shows the principle of two phases alternately merging their own lines when the power supply is set at the opposite station. The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of current.

[0050] Figure 11The diagram shows the principle of the three phases merging with their own circuits when the power supply is set at the opposite station. The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of current.

[0051] Figure 12 The diagram shows the principle of two phases alternately merging with other lines when the power supply is set at the opposite station. The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of current.

[0052] Figure 13 The diagram shows the schematic of the three circuits simultaneously merging with other circuits when the power supply is set at the opposite station. The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of current.

[0053] Numbering in the diagram: 1. De-icing pipe busbar, 1-1 (first phase), 1-2 (second phase), 2. De-icing switch, 3. Post insulator, 4. Switch body, 5. Connecting rod contact, 6. Conductor contact, 7. Movable control motor, 8. Lifting control motor, 9. Traveling wheel, 10. Three-phase de-icing busbar, 11. De-icing disconnect switch, 12. Three-phase power transmission circuit, 13. A-phase power transmission conductor, 13-1, B-phase power transmission conductor, 13-2, C-phase power transmission conductor, 13-3, Down conductor, 14. Equipment room connection, 15. Switch, 16. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the core of the adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar disclosed in this invention comprises: a two-phase parallel de-icing pipe busbar 1, a de-icing switch 2, and conductor contacts 7. The two parallel de-icing pipe busbars 1 are respectively the first-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 and the second-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2. The de-icing pipe busbar 1 is fixedly supported on the substation ground by post insulators 3 and busbar supports, as detailed in [link to documentation]. Figure 6 The support bracket for the de-icing busbar 1 is directly fixed to the substation ground. Two post insulators 3 are fixed to the top of the support. The first phase de-icing busbar 1-1 and the second phase de-icing busbar 1-2 are respectively fixed to the top of their respective post insulators 3. These two phase de-icing busbars 1 not only serve as channels for de-icing current but also as tracks for the de-icing switch 2. The de-icing switch 2 rests on the de-icing busbar 1 via its bottom traveling mechanism (such as traveling wheels 10), allowing it to be linearly and movably installed along the length of the de-icing busbar 1. At least one de-icing switch 2 is installed on each of the two de-icing busbars 1.

[0056] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the de-icing switch 2 includes a switch body 4, a connecting rod 5, and a connecting rod contact 6. The bottom end of the connecting rod 5 is connected to the switch body 4, and the top end is connected to the connecting rod contact 6. The switch body 4 contains a drive mechanism, which includes a movable control motor 8 and a lifting control motor 9. The movable control motor 8 is used to realize the movement and precise positioning of the switch on the track. The lifting control motor 9 is used to drive the connecting rod 5 to rise and fall. The connecting rod 5 is a conductive rod, responsible for current transmission, and is reliably isolated from the switch body 4 by insulating components such as insulators. When the connecting rod 5 rises, the connecting rod contact 6 at its top end connects with the wire contact 7, and current flows between the connecting rod 5, the switch body 4, and the de-icing pipe busbar 1.

[0057] The connecting contact 6 is fixed to the top of the connecting rod 5. It can be a contact seat + multiple spring contact fingers structure, specifically including:

[0058] Contact seat: As the base, it is made of copper alloy or other alloy with high conductivity, and is fixed to the connecting rod 5 by bolts or crimping to ensure smooth conductivity;

[0059] Spring contact finger: This is the core conductive element. It consists of a series of spring sheets made of materials with excellent elasticity and conductivity (such as beryllium bronze), arranged around the outer periphery of the contact seat to form a flexible insert or gripper. Its function is to provide continuous and stable contact pressure and compensate for minor displacements caused by processing, installation errors, or thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring low and constant contact resistance.

[0060] Guide head: At the very tip of the contact, there is a conical or spherical guide structure. Its function is to perform coarse positioning and guidance in the initial stage of docking. Even if there is a horizontal deviation of several centimeters between the two contacts, the inclined guide can automatically center them.

[0061] Each phase of the three-phase power transmission circuit 13 requiring de-icing is equipped with a conductor contact 7. Unlike the traditional method of connecting conductor contacts via a down conductor 14, in this embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, the conductor contact 7 is permanently fixed to the equipment connection 15 of the down conductor by fittings (such as pressure plates and wire clamps), which saves the use of the down conductor 14 and facilitates wiring operations. Its typical structure is a stationary contact base + conductive plug + uniform ring. The stationary contact base is a fixed base, also made of highly conductive material. It is connected to the equipment connection of the down conductor of the transmission line and is pressed tightly to the equipment connection of the down conductor of the transmission line by a pressure plate. The size of the conductive plug is adapted to the opening size formed by the spring contact finger at the front end of the connecting rod contact 6.

[0062] When the de-icing switch 2 is adjusted to the target position, the lifting control motor 9 drives the connecting rod 5 to rise, so that the connecting rod contact 6 and the wire contact 7 are automatically aligned and form a tight connection and electrical conduction. At this time, the current is conducted between the connecting rod 5, the switch body 4 and the de-icing pipe bus 1.

[0063] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the main body 4 of the de-icing switch 2 is a composite mechanism integrating driving, walking, lifting, and conductive functions. Its core lies in a mechanical structure that ensures the switch can move stably and linearly on the de-icing pipe busbar 1 and prevents it from rotating. Specifically, the walking mechanism includes walking wheels 10. The bottom of the switch body 4 has a guide groove adapted to the de-icing pipe busbar 1, which straddles the busbar 1. At least two sets of walking wheels 10 are located at the top of the groove, positioned on either side of the conductive contact element. These walking wheels 10 are connected to the driving mechanism to form the walking mechanism. These walking wheels 10 contact the surface of the de-icing pipe busbar 1, holding the entire switch body 4 on the busbar 1, bearing its weight, and achieving rolling friction, thereby significantly reducing adjustment resistance.

[0064] To prevent the main body 4 of the disconnect switch from rotating around the de-icing pipe busbar 1 during adjustment and lifting (this rotation would cause the top connecting rod contact 6 to fail to accurately align with the upper wire contact 7), one or more of the following anti-rotation measures can be adopted:

[0065] The first type is a dual-sided guide wheel anti-rotation design: Multiple sets of horizontal guide wheels are symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction inside the guide groove of the main body 4 of the disconnector. These horizontal guide wheels do not bear the main weight, but their rims maintain a small gap in contact with the side of the de-icing pipe busbar 1. When the disconnector tends to rotate, the side of the busbar immediately contacts one of the horizontal guide wheels, physically restraining the rotational torque.

[0066] The second type is an additional guide rail anti-rotation design: a dedicated rigid guide rail can be added parallel to the side of the de-icing pipe busbar 1. Correspondingly, an anti-rotation arm extends from the switch body 4, and the end of the anti-rotation arm is equipped with a bearing or roller, which cooperates with the dedicated guide rail. This design can completely decompose the rotational tendency, ensuring that the switch body 4 can only translate along the busbar axis.

[0067] The third type is a composite cross-section anti-rotation design: the de-icing pipe busbar 1 itself can adopt a special non-circular cross-section (e.g., oval, circular with a flat key), while the guide groove of the knife switch body 4 is machined to precisely match its shape. Through the interlocking of shapes, the possibility of relative rotation is fundamentally eliminated.

[0068] Figure 8The disclosed embodiment employs a third method, namely, the cross-section of the de-icing pipe busbar 1 is set to square. The square busbar is embedded within the square knife gate slot, thereby preventing the de-icing knife gate 2 from rotating around the de-icing pipe busbar 1.

[0069] The drive mechanism is integrated inside the knife switch body 4. Its motion control motor 8 transmits power to the traveling wheels 10 via a reduction mechanism (e.g., through gear transmission to the shaft of one of the traveling wheels, or by friction drive). To achieve precise positioning, the system is equipped with position sensors (such as photoelectric switches, encoders, or RFID readers), which work in conjunction with positioning markers located next to the corresponding de-icing pipe busbar 1 to form a closed-loop control system. This closed-loop control system may include:

[0070] Control unit: Typically a programmable logic controller or industrial computer, which has pre-stored the target station coordinate data corresponding to all the lines to be melted;

[0071] Execution unit: The movable control motor inside the main body 4 of the knife switch;

[0072] Detection and Feedback Unit: Used to monitor the position of the de-icing cutter in real time and feed the signal back to the control unit. The system employs a multi-sensor redundancy design to improve reliability, mainly including displacement sensors, position markers and readers, and limit switches. The displacement sensors are directly mounted on the output shaft of the moving control motor to measure the motor's rotation angle in real time and convert it into the precise absolute position of the de-icing cutter along the busbar through an algorithm. The position markers and readers are installed with unique RFID tags at each workstation along each de-icing pipe busbar as absolute position identifiers. Correspondingly, RFID readers are installed on the cutter body to identify and confirm the current workstation as it passes through. Limit switches are installed at the ends of the track and at precise points at each workstation, serving as final hard-contact positioning and safety protection.

[0073] When the control unit receives a de-icing command from the upper-level system (such as "perform de-icing on line N"), it immediately retrieves the target position setpoint corresponding to the command from its internal database. The control unit sends a start signal to the driver of the active control motor. To ensure smooth operation and avoid shocks, the control unit performs control, smoothing acceleration and deceleration so that the knife switch undergoes a process of "uniform acceleration → uniform speed operation → uniform deceleration". Throughout the entire process of adjusting the de-icing knife switch, the displacement sensor continuously feeds back the measured actual position value to the control unit in real time. The control unit continuously calculates the position deviation value, i.e., the difference between the target position setpoint and the actual position feedback value. When the position deviation value is large, the control unit controls the motor to run at a higher speed, so that the knife switch quickly approaches the target position. When the position deviation value decreases to within the preset accuracy threshold (e.g., 100 mm), the controller switches to the fine positioning mode, controlling the motor to slow down to a crawling speed to accurately eliminate inertial overshoot and achieve millimeter-level positioning accuracy. When the position deviation fed back by the displacement sensor enters the allowable error range, the motor stops and brakes are applied. Simultaneously, the RFID reader reads the tag information of the current workstation and compares it with the target command; the corresponding precision positioning limit switch is also triggered. The control unit implements a multi-condition safety interlock, meaning that the system only determines that the de-icing knife switch is precisely in place when all three conditions are met simultaneously: the displacement sensor deviation is within the allowable range, the RFID workstation information matches, and the precision positioning limit switch is triggered. Only after completing the above "positioning confirmation" is the control unit unlocked to subsequent operations, allowing the execution of the command to raise the connecting rod. This interlocking mechanism fundamentally prevents safety accidents that may be caused by live connections in incorrect positions. If the system fails to complete positioning within the preset time, or if any sensor signal is abnormal, the control unit will immediately determine a fault, execute an emergency stop procedure, and send an alarm message to the upper-level system, indicating the fault type and location.

[0074] The lifting control motor 9 is also built into the knife switch body 4. It drives the connecting rod 5 to move in the vertical plane through a transmission mechanism (such as a lead screw and nut or a linkage mechanism). An insulator is provided between the connecting rod 5 and the knife switch body 4 to ensure that the de-icing current can only flow through the connecting rod 5 and not through the mechanical structure of the knife switch body 4, thus ensuring operational safety.

[0075] The ice-melting method of the present invention is as follows:

[0076] There are multiple three-phase transmission circuits (circuits 13) between substations. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figures 10-13In the diagram, these three-phase transmission circuits 13 are sequentially numbered from left to right as 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, 17-4, 17-5... to represent line 1, line 2, line 3, line 4, line 5... respectively.

[0077] Taking Line 1 as an example, the following explanation covers the local station, the opposite station, the line itself, and other lines. Line 1 is located between two substations. Of these two substations, the one where the de-icing switch and de-icing pipe busbar disclosed in this invention are located is the local station, and the other substation is the opposite station. If the de-icing power supply (DC power supply) is connected to Line 1, it is the power source line. Lines 2 and 3 are not connected to the de-icing power supply, so Line 1 is its own line, and Lines 2 and 3 are other lines.

[0078] Line 1 is set to be the power source at the opposite station (i.e., the de-icing power source is at the opposite station). When de-icing its own line (i.e., Line 1), taking Line 1 de-icing its own line as an example, there are two methods: two-phase de-icing in turn and three-phase de-icing at the same time.

[0079] I. The two-phase alternating de-icing process shall be carried out according to the following steps:

[0080] An ice-melting switch 2 is installed on the first phase ice-melting pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase ice-melting pipe bus 1-2 respectively.

[0081] 1. For example Figure 10 As shown, the de-icing switches 2 on the first-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 and the second-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 within this station (i.e., the station where the de-icing switch disclosed in this invention is located) are adjusted to the corresponding positions of phase A and phase B of "Line 1". Then, the connecting rod 5 of the de-icing switch 2 is raised, completing the connection of the de-icing switches 2 corresponding to phase A and phase B of "Line 1" within this station (i.e., the conductor contact corresponding to phase A transmission conductor 13-1 of "Line 1" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the first-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1; the conductor contact corresponding to phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of "Line 1" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the second-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2). The on / off switch 16 between the first-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 and the second-phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 is then closed. This completes the station-level construction of the de-icing circuit.

[0082] 2. Connect the A-phase transmission conductor 13-1 and B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of the station opposite to "Line 1" to the de-icing power supply (taking DC power as an example). Figure 10 As shown, phase A transmission line 13-1 is connected to the positive terminal, and phase B transmission line 13-2 is connected to the negative terminal. Start the de-icing power supply. Figure 10As shown, the current path is as follows: positive power supply → phase A transmission conductor 13-1 of line 1 → phase A de-icing switch 2 → first phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 → on / off switch 16 → second phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 → phase B de-icing switch 2 → phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of line 1 → negative power supply. This completes the de-icing of both phases A and B. After the de-icing of both phases A and B is completed, the de-icing power supply to the opposite side is cut off, and the de-icing switch 2 on phase A of this station is reset.

[0083] 3. Adjust the position of the de-icing switch 2 on phase A to the corresponding position of the transmission line 13-3 on phase C, and complete the connection of the de-icing switch 2 corresponding to the phase C line in this station within the station using the method in step 1.

[0084] 4. Using the method in step 2, connect the C-phase transmission conductor 13-3 and B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of the opposite station of "Line 1" to the de-icing power supply, conduct the de-icing current, and complete the de-icing of the B and C phase lines. Then, disconnect the de-icing power supply on the opposite side, reset the de-icing switch 2 on the B and C phases of this station, and reset the on / off switch 16 between the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2.

[0085] From then on, all three phases A, B, and C of "Line 1" were de-iced, but phase B underwent repeated de-icing.

[0086] For simultaneous melting of ice in sections 2 and 3, follow these steps:

[0087] Two de-icing switches 2 are installed on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1, and one de-icing switch 2 is installed on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2; or, one de-icing switch 2 is installed on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1, and two de-icing switches 2 are installed on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2. The former case will be used as an example for explanation below.

[0088] 1. For example Figure 11 As shown, adjust the de-icing switch 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2 within this station to the corresponding positions of phases A, B, and C of "Line 1", and raise the connecting rod 5 of the de-icing switch 2 to complete the connection of the de-icing switches 2 corresponding to phases A, B, and C of "Line 1" within this station (i.e., the conductor contact corresponding to phase A transmission conductor 13-1 of "Line 1" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1; the conductor contact corresponding to phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of "Line 1" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2; the conductor contact corresponding to phase C transmission conductor 13-3 of "Line 1" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the other de-icing switch 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1). Then close the on / off switch 16 between the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2. With this, the internal construction of the ice-melting circuit was completed.

[0089] 2. Connect the three-phase lines of the station opposite to "Line 1" to the de-icing power supply (e.g., connect phase A and phase B to the negative terminal and phase B to the positive terminal). Conduct the de-icing current, following the following path: positive terminal of power supply → phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of Line 1 → de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase B → second phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 → on / off switch 16 → first phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 → one path through de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase C to phase C transmission conductor 13-3, and another path through de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase A to phase A transmission conductor 13-1 → negative terminal of power supply. Complete the simultaneous de-icing of all three phases, then disconnect the de-icing current. Reset the de-icing switch 2 within the station and reset the on / off switch 16 between the first phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2. De-icing is now complete.

[0090] The difference between two-phase alternating de-icing and three-phase simultaneous de-icing lies in the power and de-icing time. Two-phase alternating de-icing has higher power and shorter de-icing time, but requires phase switching. Three-phase simultaneous de-icing has lower power and therefore a longer de-icing time.

[0091] The de-icing system disclosed in this invention can not only de-ic its own lines, but also other lines. The following explanation uses the example of line 1 de-icing line 3.

[0092] Line 1 is set as the power source point in the opposite station, serving as the starting point for DC de-icing current. Line 1 is used to de-ic the ice on Line 3, and there are two methods: two-phase de-icing in turn and three-phase de-icing simultaneously.

[0093] III. For the alternating de-icing of the two phases of Line 3, follow these steps:

[0094] like Figure 12 As shown, two de-icing switches 2 are installed on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2.

[0095] 1. For example Figure 12 As shown, a de-icing switch 2 is provided from the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2. The switch is adjusted to the corresponding position of phase A and phase B of "Line 1". The connecting rod 5 of the de-icing switch 2 is raised to complete the connection of phase A and phase B of "Line 1" within the station, just like the de-icing of its own line.

[0096] In the same manner, the other de-icing switch 2 of the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2 is adjusted to the corresponding position of phase A and phase B of "Line 3", and the connecting rod 5 of the de-icing switch 2 is raised to complete the connection of phase A and phase B of "Line 3" within this station.

[0097] The A and B phases of line 3 on the opposite side are short-circuited. Switch 16 is opened.

[0098] 2. Connect the A-phase transmission conductor 13-1 and B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of the opposite station of "Line 1" to the de-icing power supply (A-phase connected to the positive terminal, B-phase connected to the negative terminal), and conduct the de-icing current. The current path is as follows: Power supply positive terminal → A-phase transmission conductor 13-1 of Line 1 → De-icing switch 2 corresponding to A phase of Line 1 → First phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 → De-icing switch 2 corresponding to A phase of Line 3 → A-phase transmission conductor 13-1 of Line 3 → B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of Line 3 → De-icing switch 2 corresponding to B phase of Line 3 → Second phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 → De-icing switch 2 corresponding to B phase of Line 1 → B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of Line 1 → Power supply negative terminal. Complete the de-icing of both A and B phases of Line 3. Then disconnect the de-icing power supply on the opposite side and reset the de-icing switches 2 on A and B phases of this station.

[0099] 3. Adjust the position of the de-icing switch 2 on phase A of "Line 3" to the corresponding position of phase C transmission conductor 13-3, and de-ic the phases C and B of "Line 3" in a similar way to de-icing phases A and B.

[0100] This completes the alternating de-icing of two phases via line 1 to line 3.

[0101] IV. For simultaneous de-icing of all three phases of Line 3, follow these steps:

[0102] like Figure 13 As shown, three de-icing switches 2 are installed on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1, and two de-icing switches 2 are installed on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2; or, two de-icing switches 2 are installed on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1, and three de-icing switches 2 are installed on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2. The former case will be used as an example for explanation below.

[0103] 1. For example Figure 13 As shown, one of the de-icing switches 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and one of the de-icing switches 2 on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2 in this station are adjusted to the corresponding positions of phase A and phase B of "Line 1", so as to complete the connection of phase A and phase B of "Line 1" in this station, just like the de-icing of its own line.

[0104] The other two de-icing switches 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1 and the other de-icing switch 2 on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2 within this station are adjusted to the corresponding positions of phases A, B, and C of "Line 3". The connecting rod 5 of the de-icing switch 2 is then raised to complete the connection of the de-icing switches 2 corresponding to phases A, B, and C of "Line 3" within this station (i.e., the conductor contact corresponding to phase A transmission conductor 13-1 of "Line 3" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1; the conductor contact corresponding to phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of "Line 3" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the second phase de-icing pipe bus 1-2; and the conductor contact corresponding to phase C transmission conductor 13-3 of "Line 3" is connected to the connecting rod contact 6 of the de-icing switch 2 on the first phase de-icing pipe bus 1-1).

[0105] "Line 3" Phases A, B, and C are short-circuited on the opposite side. Switch 16 is opened.

[0106] 2. Connect the A-phase transmission conductor 13-1 and B-phase transmission conductor 13-2 of the station opposite to "Line 1" to the de-icing power supply to conduct the de-icing current. When connecting to the de-icing power supply, connect phase B of the station opposite to "Line 1" to the positive terminal and phase A to the negative terminal; of course, other feasible connection methods are also acceptable. Figure 13 Taking the station opposite to "Line 1" with phase B connected to the positive terminal and phase A connected to the negative terminal as an example, the de-icing current is conducted to perform simultaneous de-icing of the three phases. The current path is as follows: positive terminal of power supply → phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of Line 1 → de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase B of Line 1 → second phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-2 → de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase B of Line 3 → phase B transmission conductor 13-2 of Line 3 → one path goes through phase C transmission conductor 13-3 of Line 3 to the de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase C, and the other path goes through phase A transmission conductor 13-1 of Line 3 to the de-icing switch 2 corresponding to phase A → first phase de-icing pipe busbar 1-1 → negative terminal of power supply.

[0107] It is important to emphasize that this invention breaks away from the traditional technical bias that in-station de-icing systems must use three-phase busbars. By cleverly connecting two-phase busbars and a small number of adjustable de-icing switches 2 to the three-phase power transmission line, it achieves the same de-icing effect as a three-phase power transmission system with a simpler structure and lower cost.

[0108] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation adjustable de-icing system based on a two-phase busbar, installed within the substation, characterized in that, It includes conductor contacts (7), two parallel de-icing pipe busbars (1) and de-icing switch (2); the de-icing pipe busbars (1) are supported in the substation by post insulators (3), and a switch (16) is provided between the two de-icing pipe busbars (1); the two parallel de-icing pipe busbars (1) are the first phase de-icing pipe busbar (1-1) and the second phase de-icing pipe busbar (1-2). There are 1-3 de-icing knife switches (2) on each phase de-icing pipe bus (1), and the number of de-icing knife switches (2) on two phase de-icing pipe bus (1) differs by a maximum of 1; The de-icing knife gate (2) includes a knife gate body (4), a drive mechanism, a connecting rod (5), and a connecting rod contact (6); the drive mechanism is located inside the knife gate body (4), the bottom end of the connecting rod (5) is hinged to the knife gate body (4), and the top end is connected to the connecting rod contact (6). The drive mechanism controls the rotation of the connecting rod (5) to realize the lifting and lowering of the connecting rod contact (6); The main body (4) of the de-icing knife switch (2) is linearly and movably installed on the de-icing pipe busbar (1) along the length direction of the de-icing pipe busbar (1); Each phase of the three-phase power transmission circuit (13) that requires de-icing is equipped with a conductor contact (7). The conductor contact (7) is fixedly installed on the equipment connection (15) of the corresponding down conductor. The conductor contact (7) is aligned with the corresponding connecting rod contact (6). After the connecting rod contact (6) is raised, it connects with the conductor contact (7) to conduct current between the conductor contact (7), the connecting rod (5) of the de-icing switch (2), the switch body (4), and the de-icing pipe busbar (1).

2. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes an active control motor (8) for driving the knife switch body (4) to move on the ice melting pipe busbar (1), and a lifting control motor (9) for controlling the rotation of the connecting rod (5).

3. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod (5) is a conductive rod, and an insulating component is provided between it and the knife switch body (4).

4. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the line to be de-iced is its own line, each phase de-icing pipe bus (1) is connected to the corresponding number of de-icing knife switches (2) and electrically connected to the three-phase or two-phase transmission conductors (13) in the line to be de-iced. When the line to be de-iced is another line, each phase of the de-icing pipe bus (1) is connected to one of the aforementioned de-icing knife switches (2) and electrically connected to the two-phase transmission conductors (13) in the line from which the de-icing power source is located. At the same time, each phase of the de-icing pipe bus (1) is connected to another de-icing knife switch (2) and electrically connected to the two-phase transmission conductors (13) in the line to be de-iced. Alternatively, one phase of the de-icing pipe bus (1) is connected to one de-icing knife switch (2), and the other phase of the de-icing pipe bus (1) is connected to two de-icing knife switches (2) and electrically connected to the two-phase transmission conductors (13) in the line to be de-iced. The self-line is the three-phase transmission circuit (13) where the ice-melting power source is located; the other lines are three-phase transmission circuits (13) outside of the self-line.

5. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The main body (4) of the knife switch is equipped with a walking mechanism, which is located on the de-icing pipe bus (1). The walking mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism to adjust the walking mechanism in a straight line along the de-icing pipe bus (1).

6. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to claim 5, characterized in that: The walking mechanism includes walking wheels (10). The bottom of the knife switch body (4) is provided with a guide groove adapted to the de-icing pipe bus (1). The guide groove straddles the de-icing pipe bus (1). At least two sets of walking wheels (10) are provided at the top of the groove. The two sets of walking wheels (10) are located on both sides of the contact conductor of the connecting rod (5). The walking mechanism is formed by the driving mechanism through the walking wheels (10).

7. The adjustable de-icing system for substations based on a two-phase busbar according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The cross-section of the ice-melting pipe busbar (1) is square.

8. A de-icing method using the substation adjustable de-icing system based on a two-phase busbar as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The de-icing power supply is located in the opposite station. When the de-icing line is its own line, the corresponding number of de-icing knife switches (2) of each phase de-icing pipe bus (1) are adjusted to the corresponding work positions below the line to be de-iced. The connecting rod (5) of the de-icing switch (2) is raised so that the connecting rod contact (6) is connected to the wire contact (7) on the corresponding wire fixed in the line to be de-iced; Close the on / off switch (16) between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars (1); The de-icing power supply on the opposite side of the line to be de-iced is connected, so that the de-icing current flows from the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply through the transmission line connected to the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply, through the corresponding de-icing switch (2) in this station to the corresponding phase de-icing pipe bus (1), through the on / off switch (16) to the other phase de-icing pipe bus (1) and through the corresponding de-icing switch (2), to the transmission line connected to the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, and finally to the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, forming a loop to de-ic the line to be de-iced; after the de-icing is completed, the control connecting rod (5) is lowered, so that the connecting rod contact (6) and the conductor contact (7) are separated, and the on / off switch (16) between the two phase de-icing pipe bus (1) is opened.

9. A de-icing method using the substation adjustable de-icing system based on a two-phase busbar as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The de-icing power supply is set in the opposite station. When the de-icing line is another line, each phase de-icing pipe bus (1) has one de-icing knife switch (2) which is adjusted to the corresponding work position below its own line. Each phase de-icing pipe bus (1) has a corresponding number of de-icing knife switches (2) which are adjusted to the corresponding work position below the line to be de-iced. The connecting rod (5) of the de-icing switch (2) is raised so that the connecting rod contact (6) is connected to the wire contact (7) fixed on the corresponding wire in the line to be de-iced and in its own line; Open the on / off switch (16) between the two phase de-icing pipe busbars (1); The corresponding transmission conductors on the opposite side of the line to be de-iced are short-circuited, and the de-icing power supply on the opposite side of the line is connected. The de-icing current flows from the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply through the transmission conductor connected to the positive terminal of the de-icing power supply, through the corresponding de-icing switch (2) in this station to the corresponding phase de-icing pipe bus (1), and then through the de-icing switch (2) between the corresponding phase de-icing pipe bus (1) and the line to be de-iced to the corresponding transmission conductor of the line to be de-iced. It also flows from the de-icing switch (2) between the other phase de-icing pipe bus (1) and the line to be de-iced to the other phase de-icing pipe bus (1), and through the de-icing switch (2) corresponding to the other phase de-icing pipe bus (1) to the transmission conductor connected to the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply. Finally, it reaches the negative terminal of the de-icing power supply, forming a loop to de-ic the line to be de-iced. After the de-icing is completed, the control connecting rod (5) is lowered, so that the connecting rod contact (6) and the conductor contact (7) are separated.

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