Automatic power generation control and fast frequency response cooperative processing system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic power generation control and fast frequency response cooperative processing system, which comprises a frequency acquisition module, a control logic module, an active power regulation module and an instruction conflict detection module, organic integration of automatic power generation control and fast frequency response is achieved through a modular collaborative architecture, and the comprehensive response capacity of the system to frequency disturbance is remarkably improved. Through a dynamic priority strategy and intelligent time sequence control, a reasonable execution sequence of control instructions under different disturbance scenes is ensured, and power adjustment conflicts are effectively avoided. The introduction of a conflict detection mechanism enables the system to timely recognize and process the mismatching condition of instructions, and prevents the violent fluctuation of power. The system enhances the stability and reliability of the operation of a power system, improves the precision and response speed of frequency adjustment, adapts to various operation conditions through flexible coordination logic, and provides a more perfect guarantee for the safety of a power grid.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present specification relate to the technical field of electric power, and in particular to an automatic generation control and fast frequency response coordination system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional power system control, automatic generation control and fast frequency response are usually operated as independent functions, lacking effective coordination mechanisms. Existing solutions are difficult to handle potential conflicts between the two instructions, which may cause power regulation response delay or excessive adjustment, leading to system frequency oscillation and even stability problems. At the same time, the traditional control architecture has a single frequency disturbance discrimination and response strategy, which cannot dynamically adjust the control strategy according to the severity of the disturbance, limiting the adaptability of the system under complex working conditions. In addition, the instruction execution timing is fixed, lacking flexible coordination based on real-time state, which to some extent reduces the control efficiency and reliability.

[0003] Therefore, a better solution is needed. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the automatic generation control and fast frequency response coordination system is provided to solve the technical defects in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, an automatic generation control and fast frequency response coordination system is provided, comprising a frequency acquisition module, a control logic module, an active power regulation module and an instruction conflict detection module; The frequency acquisition module is configured to continuously monitor the real-time frequency of the grid point and generate a frequency disturbance signal; The control logic module is configured to receive the frequency disturbance signal and trigger the fast frequency response mechanism to calculate the power regulation amount; The active power regulation module is configured to perform active power regulation based on the power regulation amount; The instruction conflict detection module is configured to detect the conflict between the automatic generation control instruction and the fast frequency response instruction; The control logic module is further configured to coordinate the execution order and amplitude of the automatic generation control instruction and the fast frequency response instruction based on the output of the instruction conflict detection module.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the frequency acquisition module is configured to generate a frequency disturbance signal when the real-time frequency deviates from the rated value by more than a preset dead zone, and the frequency disturbance signal includes a frequency deviation value and a frequency change trend, and the control logic module is configured to calculate the power regulation amount based on a preset frequency-active power polyline function, wherein the frequency-active power polyline function defines the active power adjustment amplitude corresponding to different frequency deviations.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the control logic module is configured to coordinate automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands using a priority strategy. When the frequency disturbance exceeds a first threshold, the automatic generation control commands are paused and the fast frequency response commands are executed first. When the frequency disturbance is below the first threshold and the automatic generation control commands are in a positive adjustment mode, the automatic generation control commands and the fast frequency response commands are allowed to be executed in combination. When the automatic generation control commands are in a negative adjustment mode, the fast frequency response commands are executed first.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the control logic module is configured to apply a timing control mechanism, first executing a fast frequency response instruction and then executing an automatic power generation control instruction after the instruction has completed its action, or dynamically adjusting the execution order according to the intensity of the frequency disturbance. Specifically, for frequency disturbances exceeding a second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction is executed immediately and the automatic power generation control instruction is delayed. For frequency disturbances below the second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction and the automatic power generation control instruction are executed in parallel, but a power surge is avoided through a limiting mechanism.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the command conflict detection module is configured to determine whether a conflict exists by comparing the direction, amplitude, and timestamp of the automatic generation control command and the fast frequency response command, and to delay the execution of the automatic generation control command, limit the adjustment amplitude of the automatic generation control command, or switch to a local control mode when a conflict is detected.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a testing and verification module is also included, which is configured to simulate different frequency disturbance scenarios and record the execution time, power change, and control deviation indicators of automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands to evaluate the system response performance and stability.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the power regulation amount is determined by a first calculation formula, which is: in, This represents the power regulation amount, which is generated by the control logic module and transmitted to the active power regulation module. Indicates at a point in time The frequency deviation value originates from the frequency disturbance signal generated by the frequency acquisition module; This represents the average frequency deviation, which is calculated by the control logic module based on the historical frequency deviation sequence. Indicates at a point in time The rate of change of frequency is calculated by the control logic module based on the differential calculation of continuous frequency deviation values. , and This represents the preset weighting coefficients, which are stored in the control logic module; This indicates the size of the sampling window, which is set by the control logic module based on the system's operating status.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the instruction conflict detection module evaluates the degree of conflict using a second calculation formula, which is: in, An indicator representing the degree of conflict is generated by the instruction conflict detection module and transmitted to the control logic module for instruction coordination. Indicates the first Each automatic generation control command value originates from the superior dispatch system or is generated locally. Indicates the first A fast frequency response command value is calculated by the control logic module based on the frequency disturbance; Indicates the first The instruction delay time is calculated by the instruction conflict detection module based on the instruction timestamp. Indicates the first The power regulation difference value is obtained by the command conflict detection module by comparing the actual output of the active power regulation module with the command value. , and This represents the conflict weighting coefficient, which is stored in the instruction conflict detection module; , and This indicates the length of the instruction sequence, which is set by the instruction conflict detection module based on the number of instructions.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a communication interface module is also included. The communication interface module is configured to enable data interaction between the automatic power generation control and the fast frequency response system and to support a local closed-loop operation mode. The data interaction includes the transmission of frequency data, command data, and conflict indicators.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the execution order is dynamically adjusted based on real-time calculation of the frequency disturbance intensity, wherein the frequency disturbance intensity is comprehensively evaluated by the control logic module based on the frequency deviation amplitude and duration, and the limiting mechanism is set by the control logic module according to the system power limit and stability requirements.

[0015] The embodiment of the present specification provides an automatic generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system, comprising a frequency acquisition module, a control logic module, an active power regulation module and an instruction conflict detection module; the organic integration of automatic generation control and fast frequency response is realized through the modular collaborative architecture, and the comprehensive response capability of the system to frequency disturbance is significantly improved. Through the dynamic priority strategy and intelligent timing control, the reasonable execution order of control instructions in different disturbance scenarios is ensured, and power regulation conflicts are effectively avoided. The introduction of the conflict detection mechanism enables the system to timely identify and handle instruction mismatching, preventing power from fluctuating sharply. The system enhances the stability and reliability of power system operation, improves the accuracy and response speed of frequency regulation, and at the same time, through flexible coordination logic, adapts to various operating conditions, providing a more perfect guarantee for power grid safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of an automatic generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system provided by an embodiment of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present specification. However, the present specification can be practiced without the specific details in many other ways, and those skilled in the art can make similar substitutions without departing from the scope of the present specification, so the present specification is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0018] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present specification. The singular forms "a" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present specification means and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0019] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be employed in one or more embodiments of the present specification to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present specification, first can also be referred to as second, and similarly, second can also be referred to as first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining".

[0020] In the present specification, an automatic generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system is provided, which is described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0021] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A system schematic diagram of an automatic generation control and fast frequency response coordination system according to one embodiment of the present specification is shown, specifically comprising a frequency acquisition module, a control logic module, an active power adjustment module, and an instruction conflict detection module; the frequency acquisition module is configured to continuously monitor the real-time frequency of the grid and generate a frequency disturbance signal; the control logic module is configured to receive the frequency disturbance signal and trigger the fast frequency response mechanism to calculate the power adjustment amount; the active power adjustment module is configured to perform active power adjustment based on the power adjustment amount; the instruction conflict detection module is configured to detect the conflict between the automatic generation control instruction and the fast frequency response instruction; the control logic module is also configured to coordinate the execution order and amplitude of the automatic generation control instruction and the fast frequency response instruction based on the output of the instruction conflict detection module.

[0022] The frequency collection module can refer to a hardware or software component that monitors the grid frequency through sensors and data collection units, capable of continuously measuring the real-time frequency changes of the grid point of interconnection. The control logic module can refer to a processor-based unit for executing control algorithms and decision logic, which can receive frequency disturbance signals and trigger fast frequency response mechanisms. The active power regulation module can refer to an actuator that changes active power by adjusting generator output or load switching to achieve fast power regulation. The instruction conflict detection module can refer to a detection unit for comparing and analyzing the consistency of different instructions to identify potential conflicts between automatic generation control instructions and fast frequency response instructions. The grid point of interconnection can refer to the specific location where the power generation equipment or load is connected to the main grid in the power system, which can serve as the key point for frequency monitoring and data collection. Real-time frequency can refer to the actual frequency value of the grid at a certain time, which can reflect the instantaneous operating state of the power system. The frequency disturbance signal can refer to an electronic signal generated when the frequency deviates from the rated value to indicate the size and direction of the frequency deviation. The fast frequency response mechanism can refer to a pre-set control strategy for quickly calculating and starting power adjustment when the frequency is disturbed, for maintaining system frequency stability. The power regulation amount can refer to a numerical parameter indicating the need for active power adjustment, which can guide the specific operation of the active power regulation module. Active power regulation can refer to the process of changing active power in the grid by controlling power generation or load, which can balance the system power supply and demand. The automatic generation control instruction can refer to a command from the upper dispatching system or local controller for adjusting power generation to achieve long-term frequency control to optimize system operation efficiency. The fast frequency response instruction can refer to an immediate control command generated based on the frequency disturbance for quickly adjusting power to suppress frequency fluctuations for short-term frequency events. Conflict can refer to the state where the automatic generation control instruction and the fast frequency response instruction are inconsistent in direction or amplitude, which can lead to reduced system control effectiveness. The output can refer to the signal or data generated by the instruction conflict detection module, indicating the result of conflict detection, which can be transmitted to the control logic module for decision-making. The execution order can refer to the sequence in which control instructions are processed, for optimizing system response time and stability. The amplitude can refer to the size or range limit of power regulation in the instruction to control the degree of power change and avoid excessive adjustment.

[0023] As a concrete example: Assume the real-time frequency at the grid connection point is 50.1Hz. The frequency acquisition module detects a frequency deviation exceeding the dead zone of 0.06Hz, generates a frequency disturbance signal, and sends it to the control logic module. The control logic module triggers a fast frequency response mechanism, calculates the power adjustment amount as an increase of 10MW based on the frequency-active power piecewise linear function, and generates a fast frequency response command. Simultaneously, an automatic generation control command is issued from the dispatch center, requiring a reduction of 5MW of power. The command conflict detection module compares the two commands, detects a directional conflict, and outputs a conflict signal to the control logic module. Based on a priority strategy, the control logic module suspends the automatic generation control command, executes the fast frequency response command first, and the active power adjustment module increases the power by 10MW. After the frequency recovers to 50.02Hz, the control logic module re-executes the automatic generation control command, but limits the reduction to 2MW to avoid drastic power fluctuations. Throughout the process, the system ensures stable operation through timing control and conflict handling.

[0024] This application achieves coordinated operation of automatic generation control and fast frequency response through modular design, improving the system's response speed and accuracy to frequency disturbances, avoiding power oscillations caused by command conflicts, enhancing the stability and reliability of the power system under variable operating conditions, and optimizing control efficiency through a dynamic coordination mechanism to reduce the impact of frequency deviations on the power grid.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the frequency acquisition module is configured to generate a frequency disturbance signal when the real-time frequency deviates from the rated value by more than a preset dead zone. The frequency disturbance signal includes the frequency deviation value and the frequency change trend. The control logic module is configured to calculate the power adjustment amount based on a preset frequency-active power piecewise linear function, wherein the frequency-active power piecewise linear function defines the active power adjustment range corresponding to different frequency deviations.

[0026] The frequency acquisition module can refer to a hardware or software component that monitors the power grid frequency through sensors and data acquisition units, continuously measuring the real-time frequency and generating frequency disturbance signals. Real-time frequency refers to the actual operating frequency of the power grid at a given moment, reflecting the instantaneous operating state of the power system. Rated value refers to the standard reference value of the power grid frequency, such as 50Hz or 60Hz, which can be used as a benchmark for frequency deviation calculation. Preset dead zone refers to a pre-defined frequency deviation range used to avoid triggering responses from minor fluctuations, filtering out unnecessary frequency disturbance signals. Frequency disturbance signal refers to an electronic signal indicating frequency deviation from the rated value, used to trigger a fast frequency response mechanism. Frequency deviation value refers to the difference between the real-time frequency and the rated value, quantifying the degree of frequency disturbance. Frequency change trend refers to the direction or rate of frequency change over time, predicting future frequency behavior. The control logic module can refer to a processor-based unit used to execute control algorithms and decision logic to calculate power regulation amounts and coordination commands. The preset frequency-active power piecewise linear function refers to a predefined function that maps frequency deviation to active power adjustment amounts, used to determine the magnitude of the power regulation amount. Power regulation can refer to a numerical parameter representing the amount of active power that needs to be adjusted, guiding the operation of the active power regulation module. Frequency deviation refers to the difference between the real-time frequency and the rated value, and can be used as an input parameter for power regulation. Active power adjustment range refers to the magnitude or range of active power change to control the power output of generation or load.

[0027] As a concrete example: Assume the real-time frequency at the grid connection point is 50.1Hz, the rated frequency is 50Hz, and the preset dead zone is 0.06Hz. The frequency acquisition module detects a frequency deviation of 0.1Hz exceeding the dead zone and generates a frequency disturbance signal. This signal includes the frequency deviation of 0.1Hz and an upward trend in frequency change. The control logic module receives the frequency disturbance signal and calculates the power adjustment amount based on the preset frequency-active power piecewise linear function. For example, when the frequency deviation is 0.1Hz, the piecewise linear function defines the active power adjustment range as a reduction of 5MW, so the power adjustment amount is determined to be a reduction of 5MW. The control logic module then transmits this power adjustment amount to the active power adjustment module to perform power adjustment.

[0028] This application monitors the frequency in real time and generates disturbance signals through a frequency acquisition module. Combined with a control logic module, it accurately calculates the power regulation amount based on a piecewise linear function, thereby improving the detection accuracy and response speed of frequency deviation, avoiding false triggering or missed triggering caused by improper dead zone settings, optimizing the accuracy and efficiency of active power regulation, and enhancing the stability and reliability of the power system during frequency fluctuations.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the control logic module is configured to coordinate automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands using a priority strategy. When the frequency disturbance exceeds a first threshold, the automatic generation control commands are paused and the fast frequency response commands are executed first. When the frequency disturbance is below the first threshold and the automatic generation control commands are in a positive adjustment mode, the automatic generation control commands and the fast frequency response commands are allowed to be executed in combination. When the automatic generation control commands are in a negative adjustment mode, the fast frequency response commands are executed first.

[0030] The automatic generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system can refer to a power system control device that integrates automatic generation control and fast frequency response functions, used to coordinate the frequency stability and power balance of the power system. The frequency acquisition module can refer to a hardware or software component that monitors the grid frequency through sensors and data acquisition units, capable of continuously measuring real-time frequency changes at the grid connection point. The control logic module can refer to a processor-based unit used to execute control algorithms and decision logic, capable of receiving frequency disturbance signals and triggering a fast frequency response mechanism. The active power regulation module can refer to an actuator that changes active power by adjusting generator output or load switching to achieve rapid power regulation. The command conflict detection module can refer to a detection unit used to compare and analyze the consistency of different commands, used to identify potential conflicts between automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands. The grid connection point can refer to the specific location where the generating equipment or load in the power system is connected to the main grid, serving as a key point for frequency monitoring and data acquisition. Real-time frequency can refer to the actual operating frequency value of the grid at a certain moment, reflecting the instantaneous operating state of the power system. Frequency disturbance signal refers to an electronic signal generated when the frequency deviates from its rated value, indicating the magnitude and direction of the frequency deviation. Fast frequency response mechanism refers to a preset control strategy used to quickly calculate and initiate power adjustment during frequency disturbances to maintain system frequency stability. Power regulation quantity refers to a numerical parameter indicating the required adjustment of active power, guiding the specific operation of the active power regulation module. Active power regulation refers to the process of changing the active power in the power grid by controlling generation or load, balancing system power supply and demand. Automatic generation control command refers to commands from the superior dispatch system or local controller used to adjust generation power for long-term frequency control, optimizing system operating efficiency. Fast frequency response command refers to immediate control commands generated based on frequency disturbances, used to quickly adjust power to suppress frequency fluctuations, responding to short-term frequency events. Conflict refers to a state where the automatic generation control command and the fast frequency response command are inconsistent in direction or amplitude, leading to reduced system control effectiveness. Output refers to signals or data generated by the command conflict detection module, representing the conflict detection result, which can be passed to the control logic module for decision-making. Execution order refers to the sequence in which control commands are processed, used to optimize system response time and stability. Amplitude refers to the magnitude or range limit of power adjustment in the command, used to control the degree of power change and avoid over-adjustment.

[0031] As a concrete example: Assume the real-time frequency at the grid connection point is 50.1Hz. The frequency acquisition module detects a frequency deviation exceeding the dead zone of 0.06Hz, generates a frequency disturbance signal, and sends it to the control logic module. The control logic module triggers a fast frequency response mechanism, calculates the power adjustment amount as an increase of 10MW based on the frequency-active power piecewise linear function, and generates a fast frequency response command. Simultaneously, an automatic generation control command is issued from the dispatch center, requiring a reduction of 5MW of power. The command conflict detection module compares the two commands, detects a directional conflict, and outputs a conflict signal to the control logic module. Based on a priority strategy, the control logic module suspends the automatic generation control command, executes the fast frequency response command first, and the active power adjustment module increases the power by 10MW. After the frequency recovers to 50.02Hz, the control logic module re-executes the automatic generation control command, but limits the reduction to 2MW to avoid drastic power fluctuations. Throughout the process, the system ensures stable operation through timing control and conflict handling.

[0032] This application achieves coordinated operation of automatic generation control and fast frequency response through modular design, improving the system's response speed and accuracy to frequency disturbances, avoiding power oscillations caused by command conflicts, enhancing the stability and reliability of the power system under variable operating conditions, and optimizing control efficiency through a dynamic coordination mechanism to reduce the impact of frequency deviations on the power grid.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the control logic module is configured to apply a timing control mechanism, first executing a fast frequency response instruction and then executing an automatic power generation control instruction after the instruction has completed its action, or dynamically adjusting the execution order according to the intensity of the frequency disturbance. Specifically, for frequency disturbances exceeding a second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction is executed immediately and the automatic power generation control instruction is delayed. For frequency disturbances below the second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction and the automatic power generation control instruction are executed in parallel, but a power surge is avoided through a limiting mechanism.

[0034] Among these, timing control mechanism refers to a strategy for the sequential execution of control commands, used to ensure that fast frequency response commands and automatic generation control commands are processed in a reasonable order. Frequency disturbance intensity refers to an indicator representing the severity of frequency deviation, calculated based on the frequency deviation value and rate of change. Second threshold refers to a preset critical value for frequency disturbance intensity, distinguishing between severe and minor disturbances. Limiting mechanism refers to a control function that limits the amplitude of power regulation to avoid excessive power fluctuations. Power mutation refers to a sudden and significant change in active power, which can cause frequency oscillations or equipment damage.

[0035] As a specific example: Suppose the grid frequency disturbance intensity is 0.3Hz / s, and the second threshold is set to 0.2Hz / s. When the control logic module detects that the frequency disturbance intensity exceeds the second threshold, it immediately executes a fast frequency response command, requesting an increase of 15MW of power, while delaying the automatic generation control command. After the frequency stabilizes, the control logic module then executes the automatic generation control command, requesting an adjustment of 5MW of power. If the frequency disturbance intensity is 0.1Hz / s (below the second threshold), the control logic module executes the fast frequency response command and the automatic generation control command in parallel, but limits the total power change to within 10MW through a limiting mechanism to prevent sudden power changes.

[0036] This application dynamically adjusts the order of instruction execution through a timing control mechanism, thereby improving the system's adaptability and response efficiency to frequency disturbances, avoiding stability problems caused by power surges, enhancing the coordinated control capability of the power system under complex operating conditions, and ensuring smooth power changes through a limiting mechanism to reduce the impact on grid equipment.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the command conflict detection module is configured to determine whether a conflict exists by comparing the direction, amplitude, and timestamp of the automatic generation control command and the fast frequency response command, and to delay the execution of the automatic generation control command, limit the adjustment amplitude of the automatic generation control command, or switch to a local control mode when a conflict is detected.

[0038] The instruction conflict detection module can refer to a detection unit used to compare and analyze the consistency of different instructions, identifying potential conflicts between automatic generation control instructions and fast frequency response instructions; direction can refer to the power adjustment direction (such as increasing or decreasing power) of automatic generation control instructions or fast frequency response instructions, determining whether the instructions are consistent in their adjustment targets; timestamp can refer to the time stamp of instruction generation or reception, used to determine the timeliness and execution order of instructions; delay can refer to postponing the execution of automatic generation control instructions to avoid conflicts with fast frequency response instructions; adjustment range can refer to the size limit of power adjustment in automatic generation control instructions to control the range of power changes; local control mode can refer to a system operation mode in which control is executed independently based only on local data, used to ensure system stability when conflicts occur.

[0039] As a concrete example: Suppose the automatic generation control command requires a reduction of 8MW of power, while the fast frequency response command requires an increase of 12MW of power based on frequency disturbances. The command conflict detection module compares the direction, amplitude, and timestamp of the two commands and detects a directional conflict (one reducing, the other increasing) and a close timestamp. The module determines that a conflict exists and outputs a conflict signal to the control logic module. The control logic module delays the execution of the automatic generation control command according to the degree of conflict, allowing the fast frequency response command to complete the 12MW power increase first. After the frequency stabilizes, the automatic generation control command is executed, but its adjustment amplitude is limited to a reduction of 4MW to avoid excessive power drop. If the conflict is severe, the system switches to local control mode, adjusting the power independently based only on local frequency data to ensure stable grid operation.

[0040] This application uses a command conflict detection module to compare command direction, amplitude, and timestamp in real time, effectively identifying and handling conflicts to avoid system instability caused by power regulation contradictions. Through delay, limiting, or mode switching measures, it enhances the system's adaptability and reliability in command conflict scenarios, reduces frequency fluctuations and equipment risks, and improves the overall control efficiency of the power system.

[0041] In one possible implementation, a testing and verification module is also included, which is configured to simulate different frequency disturbance scenarios and record the execution time, power change, and control deviation indicators of automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands to evaluate the system response performance and stability.

[0042] The testing and verification module refers to a functional unit used to simulate system operating states and collect operational data, verifying the performance of the automatic generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system. The frequency disturbance scenario refers to a test environment simulating various changes in grid frequency, capable of reproducing typical operating conditions such as step-up disturbances, step-down disturbances, or fluctuation disturbances. Execution time refers to the time interval from command generation to power regulation completion, reflecting the system's response speed. Power change refers to the actual change in active power during the test, displaying the dynamic characteristics of power regulation. Control deviation index refers to the difference between the actual power regulation result and the expected target, used to evaluate control accuracy. System response performance refers to the system's overall ability to respond to frequency disturbances, including speed and accuracy. Stability refers to the system's ability to recover to equilibrium after a disturbance, measuring the long-term reliability of the system.

[0043] As a specific example: the test and verification module simulated a step disturbance scenario, with the frequency suddenly increasing from 50Hz to 50.2Hz; the system automatically triggered a control response, and the module recorded that the fast frequency response command was executed within 85 milliseconds, increasing the power from the initial value by 15MW; subsequently, the automatic power generation control command began execution after 320 milliseconds, further adjusting the power by 8MW; during the test, the power change curve was recorded as smoothly transitioning, and the control deviation index showed that the maximum instantaneous deviation was 0.8MW; based on these data, the system response performance was evaluated as good, recovering stability within 600 milliseconds after the frequency disturbance, verifying the reliability of the system under different operating conditions.

[0044] This application simulates various frequency disturbance scenarios and records key operating indicators through a testing and verification module, which can comprehensively evaluate system performance, identify potential problems and optimize control parameters, improve the reliability and adaptability of the system in practical applications, and ensure the effectiveness of automatic generation control and fast frequency response working together through systematic testing, thereby enhancing the overall operating quality of the power system.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the power regulation amount is determined by a first calculation formula, which is: in, This represents the power regulation amount, which is generated by the control logic module and transmitted to the active power regulation module. Indicates at a point in time The frequency deviation value originates from the frequency disturbance signal generated by the frequency acquisition module; This represents the average frequency deviation, which is calculated by the control logic module based on the historical frequency deviation sequence. Indicates at a point in time The rate of change of frequency is calculated by the control logic module based on the differential calculation of continuous frequency deviation values. , and This represents the preset weighting coefficients, which are stored in the control logic module; This indicates the size of the sampling window, which is set by the control logic module based on the system's operating status.

[0046] Among these, power regulation can refer to a numerical parameter indicating the need to adjust active power, used to guide the specific operation of the active power regulation module. The first calculation formula can refer to a mathematical expression used to calculate the power regulation amount. The control logic module can refer to a processor-based unit capable of executing control algorithms and decision logic. The active power regulation module can refer to an actuator that changes active power by adjusting generator output or load switching, enabling rapid power regulation. The frequency deviation value can refer to the difference between the real-time frequency and the rated value, quantifying the degree of frequency disturbance. The frequency disturbance signal can refer to an electronic signal generated when the frequency deviates from the rated value, used to indicate the magnitude and direction of the frequency deviation. The average frequency deviation can refer to the arithmetic mean of frequency deviation values ​​over a period of time, representing the overall level of frequency deviation. The historical frequency deviation sequence can refer to time-series data of frequency deviation values ​​over a past period, used to calculate the average frequency deviation. The frequency change rate can refer to the rate at which the frequency changes over time, used to predict future frequency behavior. The continuous frequency deviation value difference can refer to the difference in frequency deviation values ​​at adjacent time points, used to calculate the frequency change rate. Preset weighting coefficients refer to pre-defined weight values ​​used to adjust the contribution of each term in the calculation formula. Sampling window size refers to the time range or number of data sampling points, determining the amount of data involved in the calculation. System operating status refers to the current operating conditions of the power system, used to adjust control parameters such as the sampling window size.

[0047] As a concrete example: Suppose the frequency acquisition module detects frequency deviations of the power grid frequency at consecutive time points from t=1 to T=10, such as 0.05Hz, 0.08Hz, and 0.12Hz. Based on these data, the control logic module calculates the average frequency deviation as 0.09Hz and calculates the frequency change rate by differentiating the consecutive frequency deviation values. The control logic module then calculates the frequency change rate based on preset weighting coefficients. =0.5、 =0.3、 Given a value of 0.2 and a sampling window size of T=10, the power regulation is calculated using the first formula. For example, calculated To increase the power generation capacity by 8MW, the control logic module transmits ΔP to the active power regulation module, which performs active power regulation to increase the power generation capacity by 8MW to cope with frequency disturbances.

[0048] This application uses a first calculation formula to accurately calculate the power regulation amount, comprehensively considers the fluctuation, rate of change and historical data of frequency deviation, improves the accuracy and adaptability of power regulation, avoids over- or under-regulation, enhances the stability and response efficiency of the system under frequency disturbances, and optimizes the flexibility of control logic through parameterized design.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the instruction conflict detection module evaluates the degree of conflict using a second calculation formula, which is: in, An indicator representing the degree of conflict is generated by the instruction conflict detection module and transmitted to the control logic module for instruction coordination. Indicates the first Each automatic generation control command value originates from the superior dispatch system or is generated locally. Indicates the first A fast frequency response command value is calculated by the control logic module based on the frequency disturbance; Indicates the first The instruction delay time is calculated by the instruction conflict detection module based on the instruction timestamp. Indicates the first The power regulation difference value is obtained by the command conflict detection module by comparing the actual output of the active power regulation module with the command value. , and This represents the conflict weighting coefficient, which is stored in the instruction conflict detection module; , and This indicates the length of the instruction sequence, which is set by the instruction conflict detection module based on the number of instructions.

[0050] The command conflict detection module can refer to a detection unit used to compare and analyze the consistency of different commands, and to identify potential conflicts between automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands. The second calculation formula can refer to a mathematical expression used to evaluate the degree of conflict between automatic generation control commands and fast frequency response commands. The conflict degree index can refer to a quantitative value representing the severity of command conflict, which can be used to guide the coordination decision of the control logic module. The automatic generation control command value can refer to a specific power adjustment value from the upper-level dispatch system or the local controller, used to achieve long-term frequency control. The fast frequency response command value can refer to an instantaneous power adjustment value calculated based on frequency disturbances, used to quickly suppress frequency fluctuations. The command delay time can refer to the time interval from command generation to execution, which can reflect the system's response timeliness. The power adjustment difference value can refer to the deviation between the actual power output and the command requirement value, used to evaluate control accuracy. The conflict weight coefficient can refer to a pre-set weight parameter used to adjust the contribution ratio of each item in the second calculation formula to the conflict degree. The command sequence length can refer to the number of commands participating in the conflict assessment, which can determine the calculation range.

[0051] As a specific example: Suppose the command conflict detection module receives an automatic generation control command sequence of [5MW, 3MW, -2MW] and a fast frequency response command sequence of [8MW, 6MW, 1MW]. The module calculates the command delay time sequence as [0.1s, 0.2s] and the power regulation difference sequence as [0.5MW, 0.3MW]. Based on the preset conflict weighting coefficient... =0.4、 =0.3、 =0.3 and command sequence lengths N=3, M=2, L=2, the second calculation formula is used to solve the conflict degree index C; when the calculated C value exceeds the set threshold, the command conflict detection module transmits the conflict degree index to the control logic module, and the control logic module takes coordination measures such as delaying the automatic power generation control command or limiting the adjustment range accordingly.

[0052] This application uses a second calculation formula to quantitatively assess the degree of command conflict, providing an objective basis for decision-making, enhancing the system's ability to identify and handle command conflicts, avoiding the subjectivity of human judgment, improving the accuracy and reliability of coordinated control, and optimizing conflict resolution strategies through multi-parameter comprehensive analysis to improve the stability of the power system under complex operating conditions.

[0053] In one possible implementation, a communication interface module is also included. The communication interface module is configured to enable data interaction between the automatic power generation control and the fast frequency response system and to support a local closed-loop operation mode. The data interaction includes the transmission of frequency data, command data, and conflict indicators.

[0054] The communication interface module can refer to a hardware or software component that enables data communication, used to transmit data between automatic generation control and fast frequency response systems. The automatic generation control and fast frequency response system can refer to a power system control device that integrates automatic generation control and fast frequency response functions, capable of coordinating frequency stability and power balance. Data interaction can refer to the process of exchanging data between systems or modules, allowing for the sharing of frequency data, command data, and conflict indicators. Local closed-loop operation mode can refer to a system operation mode where control decisions are executed independently based on local data to maintain system stability during communication interruptions. Frequency data can refer to numerical parameters reflecting grid frequency information, used to indicate real-time frequency status and changes. Command data can refer to the specific numerical content of control commands, guiding the direction and magnitude of power regulation operations. Conflict indicators can refer to parameters that quantify the degree of command conflict, assessing conflict severity and guiding coordination decisions.

[0055] As a concrete example: Assume the communication interface module is connected to the automatic generation control and fast frequency response system. When the frequency acquisition module generates frequency data (e.g., 50.1Hz), the communication interface module transmits this data to the control logic module. Simultaneously, command data, including automatic generation control commands (e.g., increasing by 5MW) and fast frequency response commands (e.g., decreasing by 10MW), as well as conflict indicators (e.g., conflict severity value 0.8), are exchanged through the communication interface module. In local closed-loop operation mode, if external communication is interrupted, the system independently generates commands based on local frequency data, and the communication interface module ensures continuous internal data transmission. The control logic module adjusts commands according to the conflict indicators; for example, when the conflict indicator is high, the automatic generation control commands are delayed, and the fast frequency response commands are executed first. The active power regulation module ultimately performs power regulation.

[0056] This application achieves efficient data interaction through a communication interface module, supports local closed-loop operation, improves the robustness and reliability of the system in the event of communication anomalies, ensures real-time transmission and coordination of frequency data, command data and conflict indicators, enhances the integration and adaptability of automatic power generation control and fast frequency response system, and reduces the risk of control failure due to data delay or loss.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the execution order is dynamically adjusted based on real-time calculation of the frequency disturbance intensity, wherein the frequency disturbance intensity is comprehensively evaluated by the control logic module based on the frequency deviation amplitude and duration, and the limiting mechanism is set by the control logic module according to the system power limit and stability requirements.

[0058] Dynamically adjusting the execution order refers to the process of changing the order of instruction execution based on real-time conditions, used to optimize system response and stability. Frequency disturbance intensity refers to the severity of frequency deviation, reflecting the amplitude and duration of the disturbance. Real-time calculation refers to the calculation process performed immediately upon data generation, providing immediate control decisions. The control logic module refers to the unit that processes control algorithms and decisions to perform frequency disturbance assessment and instruction coordination. Frequency deviation amplitude refers to the absolute value of the frequency deviation from the rated value, used to quantify the magnitude of the frequency deviation. Duration refers to the length of time the frequency disturbance lasts, affecting the assessment of disturbance severity. Comprehensive evaluation refers to an overall evaluation combining multiple factors, generating a frequency disturbance intensity index. Limiting mechanism refers to a control strategy that limits the power adjustment amplitude, used to prevent sudden power changes. System power limit refers to the maximum or minimum allowable power value of the system, ensuring safe equipment operation. Stability requirements refer to the conditions under which the system maintains stable operation, guiding control parameter settings.

[0059] As a specific example: Suppose the frequency acquisition module detects a frequency deviation amplitude of 0.15Hz for a duration of 5 seconds. The control logic module performs a comprehensive evaluation based on the frequency deviation amplitude and duration, and calculates the frequency disturbance intensity as 0.8 (per unit). Since the frequency disturbance intensity exceeds the threshold of 0.5, the control logic module dynamically adjusts the execution sequence, immediately executing a fast frequency response command (such as increasing power by 12MW) and delaying the automatic generation control command. At the same time, the limiting mechanism limits the power adjustment amplitude to within 15MW based on the system power limit (such as the maximum allowable power change of 20MW) and stability requirements (such as the power change rate not exceeding 5MW / s). The active power adjustment module executes the power increase, and the system resumes the execution of the automatic generation control command after the frequency stabilizes.

[0060] This application improves the system's adaptability and response accuracy to frequency changes by dynamically adjusting the execution sequence and calculating the frequency disturbance intensity in real time, avoiding power surges and system instability, enhancing the coordinated control capability of the power system under complex disturbances, and ensuring that power regulation is within a safe range through a limiting mechanism, thereby improving overall operational reliability.

[0061] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments in this specification are not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the embodiments in this specification, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the embodiments in this specification.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0063] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are merely illustrative of this specification. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize this specification. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic power generation control and fast frequency response collaborative processing system, comprising a frequency acquisition module, a control logic module, an active power regulation module, and a command conflict detection module; The frequency acquisition module is configured to continuously monitor the real-time frequency of the power grid connection point and generate a frequency disturbance signal; The control logic module is configured to receive the frequency disturbance signal and trigger a fast frequency response mechanism to calculate the power adjustment amount. The active power regulation module is configured to perform active power regulation based on the power regulation amount; The command conflict detection module is configured to detect conflicts between automatic power generation control commands and fast frequency response commands; The control logic module is also configured to coordinate the execution order and magnitude of the automatic power generation control command and the fast frequency response command based on the output of the command conflict detection module.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency acquisition module is configured to generate the frequency disturbance signal when the real-time frequency deviates from the rated value by more than a preset dead zone. The frequency disturbance signal includes the frequency deviation value and the frequency change trend. The control logic module is configured to calculate the power adjustment amount based on a preset frequency-active power piecewise linear function, wherein the frequency-active power piecewise linear function defines the active power adjustment range corresponding to different frequency deviations.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control logic module is configured to apply a priority strategy to coordinate the automatic power generation control command and the fast frequency response command. When the frequency disturbance exceeds a first threshold, the automatic power generation control command is paused and the fast frequency response command is executed first. When the frequency disturbance is below the first threshold and the automatic power generation control command is a positive adjustment, the automatic power generation control command and the fast frequency response command are allowed to be executed in combination. When the automatic power generation control command is a negative adjustment, the fast frequency response command is executed first.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control logic module is configured to apply a timing control mechanism, first executing the fast frequency response instruction and then executing the automatic power generation control instruction after the instruction has completed its action, or dynamically adjusting the execution order according to the intensity of the frequency disturbance. Specifically, for frequency disturbances exceeding the second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction is executed immediately and the automatic power generation control instruction is delayed. For frequency disturbances below the second threshold, the fast frequency response instruction and the automatic power generation control instruction are executed in parallel, but a power surge is avoided through a limiting mechanism.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The command conflict detection module is configured to determine whether a conflict exists by comparing the direction, amplitude, and timestamp of the automatic power generation control command and the fast frequency response command, and to delay the execution of the automatic power generation control command, limit the adjustment amplitude of the automatic power generation control command, or switch to a local control mode when a conflict is detected.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a testing and verification module, which is configured to simulate different frequency disturbance scenarios and record the execution time, power change and control deviation indicators of the automatic power generation control command and the fast frequency response command, in order to evaluate the system response performance and stability.

7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power adjustment amount is determined by a first calculation formula, which is: in, The power adjustment amount is generated by the control logic module and transmitted to the active power adjustment module. Indicates at a point in time The frequency deviation value originates from the frequency disturbance signal generated by the frequency acquisition module; The average frequency deviation is calculated by the control logic module based on the historical frequency deviation sequence. Indicates at a point in time The frequency change rate is calculated by the control logic module based on the differential calculation of continuous frequency deviation values. , and This represents the preset weighting coefficients, which are stored in the control logic module; The sampling window size is set by the control logic module based on the system operating status.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The instruction conflict detection module evaluates the degree of conflict using a second calculation formula, which is: in, An indicator representing the degree of conflict is generated by the instruction conflict detection module and transmitted to the control logic module for instruction coordination. Indicates the first Each automatic generation control command value originates from the superior dispatch system or is generated locally. Indicates the first A fast frequency response command value is calculated by the control logic module based on the frequency disturbance; Indicates the first The instruction delay time is calculated by the instruction conflict detection module based on the instruction timestamp. Indicates the first The power adjustment difference value is obtained by the command conflict detection module by comparing the actual output of the active power adjustment module with the command value; , and The conflict weight coefficient is represented and stored in the instruction conflict detection module; , and The instruction sequence length is indicated and is set by the instruction conflict detection module based on the number of instructions.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a communication interface module, which is configured to realize data interaction between the automatic power generation control and the fast frequency response system and support local closed-loop operation mode, wherein the data interaction includes the transmission of frequency data, command data and conflict indicators.

10. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment execution order is calculated in real time based on the frequency disturbance intensity, wherein the frequency disturbance intensity is comprehensively evaluated by the control logic module based on the frequency deviation amplitude and duration, and the limiting mechanism is set by the control logic module according to the system power limit and stability requirements.

Images