Electric field energy taking device and method
By using a bipolar plate structure composed of inner and outer plates and a specific grid design, the capacitance is increased by utilizing the edge effect, which solves the problem of low electric field coupling efficiency of traditional plates and achieves efficient energy capture and stable power supply.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUIZHOU POWER GRID CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional planar plates suffer from weakened edge effects, which limits the electric field coupling efficiency. In low-potential energy harvesting schemes, the plate area is reduced, resulting in a significant decrease in active power. High-potential energy harvesting methods increase the plate area, but the insulation level must be significantly improved, increasing structural complexity and posing safety hazards.
It adopts a bipolar plate structure composed of an inner plate and an outer plate. The outer plate is designed as a grid structure, which is cut to form a bundle, ring or bundle-ring composite grid unit. The edge effect is used to increase the equivalent distributed capacitance, and it is combined with a rectifier circuit and an energy storage capacitor for energy conversion and voltage regulation.
With a 10% reduction in plate area, the energy harvesting efficiency per unit area was increased by more than 10%, achieving efficient energy capture and stable power supply, while reducing structural complexity and safety hazards.
Smart Images
Figure CN121840929A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric field energy collection, in particular to an electric field energy collection device and method. BACKGROUND
[0002] Traditional planar electrode plate is difficult to fully capture the space electric field energy around the power transmission line due to the weakening of the edge effect, which limits the electric field coupling efficiency. Although the low potential energy collection scheme makes the circuit at low potential and requires low insulation, in order to control the size of the device, the area of the electrode plate is forced to be reduced, the equivalent induced capacitance is reduced, the impedance is increased, and the active power that can be extracted is significantly reduced. The high potential energy collection method directly places the electrode plate on the high voltage side, which can increase the area of the electrode plate and thus improve the power, but the insulation level must be greatly improved, which increases the structural complexity and brings safety hazards such as lightning and pollution flashover, and the difficulty and cost of later maintenance also increase. SUMMARY
[0003] Therefore, the technical problems to be solved by the present application are: the traditional planar electrode plate is difficult to fully capture the space electric field energy around the power transmission line due to the weakening of the edge effect, which limits the electric field coupling efficiency. In the low potential energy collection scheme, the area of the electrode plate is reduced, and the active power is significantly reduced. In the high potential energy collection method, the area of the electrode plate is increased, but the insulation level must be greatly improved, which increases the structural complexity and brings safety hazards.
[0004] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: the present application provides an electric field energy collection device, which comprises an energy collection electrode plate including an inner electrode plate and an outer electrode plate, the inner electrode plate is arranged adjacent to a power transmission conductor and forms a coupling first distributed capacitance Ca with the conductor, the outer electrode plate is arranged in a grid structure around the inner electrode plate and forms a coupling capacitance Cb with the inner electrode plate, and simultaneously forms a second distributed capacitance Cc with the ground, a rectifier circuit connected between the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate, for converting the space displacement current Id into a conduction current Ic, an energy storage capacitor connected to the output end of the rectifier circuit, for smoothing filtering and energy storage; wherein the outer electrode plate is formed by cutting into at least two independent grid units, and the edge effect is used to increase the equivalent distributed capacitance Ch.
[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy collection device described in the present application: the grid units are distributed in a bundle shape, and the bundle-shaped grid units are arranged in a fan-shaped bundle set in the radial cross section.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy collection device described in the present application: the grid units are distributed in a ring shape, and the ring-shaped grid units are arranged in a concentric circular arc segment in the radial cross section.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the grid-like units are in a bundle-ring composite distribution, wherein the bundle-like distributed grid-like units are arranged in a fan-shaped bundle in a radial cross-section, and the ring-like distributed grid-like units are arranged in a concentric circular arc segment in a radial cross-section.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are both made of flexible copper foil with a thickness of 0.05-0.2 mm.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the rectifier circuit is a bridge full-wave rectifier topology, the AC input end of which is connected to the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate respectively, and the DC output end is connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor, which has a capacitance of 1000 uF and a withstand voltage of 25 V.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the bundle-like distributed outer electrode plate is composed of four grid-like units, each of which is symmetrically arranged around the inner electrode plate, the radial expansion angle θ of each grid-like unit is 5°-15°, the insulating gap width between the grid-like units is 5-15 mm, the inner electrode plate is a cylinder or a circular cylinder with a D2 radius of 10-20 mm, the outer electrode plate is a cylinder or a circular cylinder with a D1 radius of 65-75 mm, and the axial length H of the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate is 180-220 mm.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the ring-like distributed outer electrode plate is cut into two symmetric circular arc segment grid-like units, and an insulating gap L of 10-20 mm is reserved between the two segment grid-like units; the axial length H of the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate is 180-220 mm, the radius D2 of the inner electrode plate is 10-20 mm, the radius D1 of the outer electrode plate is 65-75 mm, and the length of the grid-like unit is 90-100 mm.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the electric field energy harvesting device, the bundle-ring composite distribution includes four fan-shaped and two circular arc segment grid-like units.
[0013] The application also provides an operating method of the electric field energy harvesting device, and the installation method of the electric field energy harvesting device is used to install the electric field energy harvesting device of the first aspect, and the operating method is characterized in that: S1: fixing and installing the energy harvesting electrode plate on the power transmission line conductor to form a first distributed capacitor Ca by coupling the inner electrode plate with the conductor, and forming a second distributed capacitor Cc by the insulating gap between each grid-like unit of the outer electrode plate and the ground; S2: in the closed loop formed by the energy harvesting electrode plate and the load, the space displacement current Id is converted into a conduction current Ic, which satisfies = wherein the equivalent distributed capacitor ; S3: Increase the edge electric field distribution density through the bundle or ring geometry of the grid-shaped unit, increase the Ch value by 10-15% compared with the same area solid plate; S4: Convert the captured alternating current into direct current through the rectifier circuit to supply the online monitoring device, and when the load impedance R is several hundred to several thousand ohms, ensure that the working voltage Ub is stable in the range of 3-12V.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are: to provide a grid-shaped electric field power taking plate and a power taking method based on edge effect optimization, through the design of three specific grid-shaped structures of bundle, ring and bundle-ring composite, actively use the edge effect to increase the equivalent distributed capacitance, so that the power taking efficiency remains the same when the plate area is reduced by 10%, and the power taking efficiency per unit area is increased by more than 10%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present application, but not limit the present application. Among them: Figure 1 A structural diagram of an electric field power taking device is shown; Figure 2 A structural diagram of a bundle-shaped grid-shaped unit is shown; Figure 3 A side view of a bundle-shaped grid-shaped unit is shown; Figure 4 A structural diagram of a ring-shaped grid-shaped unit is shown; Figure 5 A front view of a ring-shaped grid-shaped unit is shown; Figure 6 A structural diagram of a bundle-ring composite grid-shaped unit is shown; Figure 7 A comparison diagram of output power of different shape grid-shaped units is shown; Figure 8 A comparison of equivalent capacitances of four grid-shaped units is shown; Figure 9 An experimental diagram of different shape grid-shaped units is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings.
[0017] The terms used in the present application are those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions regarding the present application, but the terms can be changed according to the intention of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technology in the art. Also, specific terms can be selected by the applicant, and in this case, the detailed meanings thereof will be described in the detailed description of the present application. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but based on the meanings of the terms and the general description of the present application.
[0018] Referring to Figure 1 The embodiment provides an electric field energy taking device, which comprises an energy taking plate including an inner plate 1 and an outer plate 2, a rectifier circuit 3 and an energy storage capacitor 4.
[0019] Preferably, the inner plate 1 is arranged adjacent to a power transmission wire and forms a first distributed capacitance Ca coupled with the wire, and the outer plate 2 is arranged in a grid structure at the periphery of the inner plate 1 and forms a coupled capacitance Cb with the inner plate 1 and a second distributed capacitance Cc with the ground, that is, the inner plate 1 is adjacent to the wire (forming Ca), and the outer plate 2 surrounds the inner plate in a grid shape (forming Cb and Cc), forming a double-plate coupling system, and the outer plate 2 is physically cut into at least two independent grid units 21, the edge effect is used to increase the equivalent distributed capacitance Ch, so that the energy taking efficiency per unit area is improved under the condition of reducing the total area of the plate. In the embodiment, the outer plate 2 is cut into at least two independent grid units 21, and the cutting method can be laser cutting, etching or mechanical cutting, a fixed gap is formed, and the cutting method is not limited.
[0020] Preferably, the rectifier circuit 3 is connected between the inner plate 1 and the outer plate 2, two input ends of the rectifier circuit 3 are directly connected to the inner plate 1 and the outer plate 2 respectively, forming a closed loop, for converting the space displacement current Id into a conduction current Ic, realizing energy form conversion from alternating displacement current to unidirectional conduction current, the inner plate 1 is a high-voltage potential end, and a phase voltage Uph is induced, the outer plate 2 is a low-voltage potential end, and a ground voltage Ub is induced, and the rectifier circuit 3 is connected across the inner plate 1 and the outer plate 2, directly bearing the alternating voltage after the capacitance voltage division.
[0021] Preferably, the energy storage capacitor 4 is connected to the output end of the rectifier circuit 3, for smoothing filtering and energy storage, two electrodes of the energy storage capacitor 4 are connected to the positive and negative direct current output ends of the rectifier circuit 3 respectively, forming a parallel topology, filtering out the power frequency ripple in the pulsating direct current after rectification, and releasing the stored energy to maintain continuous power supply for the load when the alternating current input is zero or the electric field intensity fluctuates.
[0022] Referring to Figures 1-3As an optional embodiment, the grid-shaped units 21 are distributed in bundles, wherein the bundle-distributed grid-shaped units 21 are arranged in a fan-shaped bundle set in the radial cross-section, and the grid-shaped units 21 are distributed in bundles, which means that the outer electrode plate 2 is composed of a plurality of independent grid-shaped units 21, which are arranged radially from the center, forming a non-continuous discrete structure.
[0023] Further, the bundle-distributed outer electrode plate 2 is composed of four grid-shaped units 21, each of which is symmetrically arranged around the inner electrode plate 1, and the radial expansion angle θ of each grid-shaped unit 21 is 5°-15°, and the insulating gap width between the grid-shaped units 21 is 5-15 mm, and the inner electrode plate 1 is a cylinder or a circular cylinder with a D2 radius of 10-20 mm, and the outer electrode plate 2 has a D1 radius of 65-75 mm, and the axial length H of the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 is 180-220 mm, and in this embodiment, the radial expansion angle θ of the grid-shaped unit 21 is 10°, the axial length H of the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 is 200 mm, the radius D2 of the inner electrode plate 1 is 15 mm, the radius D1 of the outer electrode plate 2 is 70 mm, and the electrode thickness is 0.1 mm.
[0024] Referring to Figure 1 , Figures 4-5 As an optional embodiment, the grid-shaped units 21 are distributed in a ring shape, wherein the ring-distributed grid-shaped units 21 are arranged in concentric circular arc segments in the radial cross-section, and the ring distribution means that the outer electrode plate 2 is divided into several segments along the circumferential direction (non-radial direction), and each segment is arranged discretely on the concentric circle, forming a ring-fracture-recombination form.
[0025] Further, the ring-distributed outer electrode plate 2 is cut into two symmetrically arranged concentric circular arc segment grid-shaped units 21, and an insulating gap L of 10-20 mm is reserved between the two grid-shaped units 21; the axial length H of the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 is 180-220 mm, the radius D2 of the inner electrode plate 1 is 10-20 mm, the radius D1 of the outer electrode plate 2 is 65-75 mm, and the length of each grid-shaped unit 21 is 95 mm, and in this embodiment, the axial length H of the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 is 200 mm, the radius D2 of the inner electrode plate 1 is 15 mm, the radius D1 of the outer electrode plate 2 is 70 mm, the electrode thickness is 0.1 mm, and the length of each grid-shaped unit 21 is 95 mm, i.e. the spacing is 10 mm.
[0026] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 6As an optional embodiment, the beam-ring composite distribution includes four fan-shaped and two circular arc segment grid units 21. The outer electrode plate 2 is composed of two different geometric grid units 21, beam-shaped unit: four fan-shaped grid units 21, ring-shaped unit: two circular arc segment grid units 21, spatial arrangement: alternate arrangement, radial cross-sectional characteristics: simultaneously showing fan-shaped beam set and concentric circular arc composite electric field capture space in the radial cross section. The specific size in this embodiment is the same as the data of the above two embodiments.
[0027] Referring to Figures 1-6 As an optional embodiment, the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 are made of flexible copper foil with a thickness of 0.05-0.2mm.
[0028] Preferably, the rectifier circuit 3 is a bridge full-wave rectification topology, and the AC input end is connected to the inner electrode plate 1 and the outer electrode plate 2 respectively, and the DC output end is connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor 4. The energy storage capacitor 4 is 1000uF with a withstand voltage of 25V. The energy storage capacitor 4 is selected to be a super capacitor energy storage, which uses the charging and discharging principle of the capacitor to reduce the AC ripple coefficient in the circuit.
[0029] Referring to Figures 1-9 As an optional embodiment, S1: the energy taking electrode plate is fixedly installed on the power transmission line conductor, so that the inner electrode plate 1 is coupled with the conductor to form a first distributed capacitor Ca, and each grid unit 21 of the outer electrode plate 2 forms a second distributed capacitor Cc through an insulating gap to the ground. This part is a structure construction, which converts the double electrode plate structure into a distributed capacitor network, which is the physical basis for subsequent energy capture; S2: In the closed loop formed by the energy taking electrode plate and the load, the space displacement current Id is converted into the conduction current Ic, which satisfies = Where the equivalent distributed capacitor The space displacement current Id is used to convert the space field energy into the conduction current Ic that can be transmitted by the circuit according to the continuity theorem of the space displacement current Id; S3: The edge electric field distribution density is increased through the beam-shaped or ring-shaped structure of the grid unit 21, so that the Ch value is increased by 10%-15% compared with the same area solid electrode plate. Through the geometric shape innovation, the edge effect is actively utilized to realize the area reduction and efficiency improvement. S4: The captured AC electric energy is converted into DC electric energy by the rectifier circuit 3 to supply the online monitoring equipment. When the load impedance R is several hundred to several thousand ohms, the working voltage Ub is stabilized in the range of 3-12V, and the captured energy is rectified and stabilized to the usable range of the load, The number of the grid-shaped units 21 in S1 is four fan-shaped units and two circular arc segment units, which are alternately arranged, the value of Ch in S3 is improved through finite element simulation verification, the simulation shows that the edge field strength concentration coefficient kedge=1.3~1.5; the capacity of the energy storage capacitor 4 in S4 is 1000μF, the withstand voltage is 25V, the ESR<50mΩ, the unit area power taking power in S4 reaches 0.5~0.6mW / cm², which is increased by 11%~15% compared with the solid plate, and the total efficiency of the system is greater than or equal to 85%.
[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are only embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An electric field energy harvesting device, characterized in that: include, The energy-harvesting plate includes an inner plate (1) and an outer plate (2). The inner plate (1) is disposed adjacent to the transmission line and forms a first distributed capacitance Ca with the line. The outer plate (2) is disposed in a grid-like structure around the inner plate (1) and forms a coupling capacitance Cb with the inner plate (1), while also forming a second distributed capacitance Cc with the ground. The rectifier circuit (3), connecting the inner plate (1) and the outer plate (2), is used to convert the spatial displacement current Id into the conduction current Ic. The energy storage capacitor (4) is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit (3) and is used for smoothing filtering and energy storage. The outer electrode plate (2) is cut to form at least two independent grid units (21), and the equivalent distributed capacitance Ch is increased by utilizing the edge effect.
2. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid units (21) are distributed in a bundle, wherein the bundled grid units (21) are arranged in a fan-shaped bundle in the radial section.
3. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-like units (21) are arranged in a ring shape, wherein the ring-shaped grid-like units (21) are arranged in concentric arc segments on the radial cross section.
4. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The grid units (21) are distributed in a bundle-ring composite manner, wherein the bundle-distributed grid units (21) are arranged in a fan-shaped bundle on the radial section, and the ring-distributed grid units (21) are arranged in concentric circular arc segments on the radial section.
5. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode plate (1) and the outer electrode plate (2) are both made of flexible copper foil with a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
6. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit (3) is a bridge full-wave rectifier topology. Its AC input terminal is connected to the inner plate (1) and the outer plate (2) respectively, and the DC output terminal is connected in parallel to the energy storage capacitor (4). The energy storage capacitor (4) is 1000uF with a withstand voltage of 25V.
7. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bundled outer electrode plate (2) is composed of four grid units (21). Each grid unit (21) is arranged symmetrically around the inner electrode plate (1). The radial expansion angle θ of each grid unit (21) is 5°~15°. The width of the insulation gap between the grid units (21) is 5~15mm. The inner electrode plate (1) is a cylinder or cylinder with a D2 radius of 10~20mm. The outer electrode plate (2) is a cylinder or cylinder with a D1 radius of 65~75mm. The axial length H of the inner electrode plate (1) and the outer electrode plate (2) is 180~220mm.
8. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annularly distributed outer electrode plate (2) is cut into two symmetrical arc-shaped grid units (21), with a 10-20 mm insulation gap L between the two grid units (21); the axial length H of the inner electrode plate (1) and the outer electrode plate (2) is 180-220 mm, the radius D2 of the inner electrode plate (1) is 10-20 mm, the radius D1 of the outer electrode plate (2) is 65-75 mm, and the length of the grid unit (21) is 90-100 mm.
9. The electric field energy harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bundle ring composite distribution includes four fan-shaped and two arc-shaped grid units (21).
10. An electric field energy harvesting method, implemented using an energy harvesting plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: The energy-collecting plate is fixedly installed on the transmission line conductor, so that the inner plate (1) is coupled with the conductor to form the first distributed capacitance Ca, and each grid unit (21) of the outer plate (2) forms the second distributed capacitance Cc with the ground through the insulation gap; S2: In the closed loop formed by the energy harvesting plate and the load, the spatial displacement current Id is converted into a conduction current Ic, satisfying... = The equivalent distributed capacitance ; S3: The edge electric field distribution density is increased by the bundle or ring geometry of the grid unit (21), so that the Ch value is increased by 10% to 15% compared with the solid plate of the same area; S4: The captured AC power is converted into DC power by the rectifier circuit (3) and supplied to the online monitoring equipment. When the load impedance R is hundreds to thousands of ohms, the working voltage Ub is kept stable in the range of 3 to 12V.