Motor end cover

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor cooling, and particularly relates to a motor end cover. A first cooling groove and second cooling grooves are formed in the inner side of a first cover plate of the motor end cover, the first cooling groove is spiral and closely surrounds the center of the first cover plate, the second cooling grooves are multiple concentric circular rings, the circle centers of the second cooling grooves are the centers of the first cooling grooves, and the second cooling grooves are distributed around the first cooling groove. The tail part of the first cooling tank is communicated with the head part of the second cooling tank; the heat conduction pipe is arranged in the first cooling tank and the second cooling tank, the cooling water pipe is embedded in the inner side of the heat conduction pipe, the head end, located in the first cooling tank, of the cooling water pipe is a water inlet, and the tail end, located in the second cooling tank, of the cooling water pipe is a water outlet. Therefore, according to the motor end cover, the heat transfer path can be obviously shortened, the cooling efficiency of a key heating part is improved, a better heat dissipation effect is met, the reliability of the motor end cover is improved, the service life of the motor is prolonged, the first cooling groove and the second cooling groove are easy to machine, and time and cost are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor cooling technology, and particularly relates to a motor end cover. Background Technology

[0002] As a core power device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, the electric motor is widely used in many fields such as industrial drives, new energy vehicles, wind power generation, and home appliances. With the increasing demands for motor performance from various industries, motors are developing towards higher power density, miniaturization, and higher efficiency. This trend leads to a significant increase in losses per unit volume within the motor (mainly copper and iron losses), resulting in excessively high motor temperatures. Overheating can cause a series of serious problems: First, excessively high temperatures accelerate the demagnetization of permanent magnets, leading to performance degradation or even motor failure; second, it damages the performance of insulation materials, shortening motor lifespan and even causing short circuits; furthermore, thermal stress affects the mechanical precision and fit of components, leading to increased vibration and noise. Traditional motor cooling methods mainly rely on natural or forced air cooling. Natural air cooling has limited cooling capacity and is only suitable for low-power motors; while forced air cooling offers some improvement, its cooling efficiency remains low, and it requires additional fans and air ducts, increasing the motor's size, noise, and power consumption, and making it prone to dust accumulation that can affect motor reliability. To meet higher heat dissipation requirements, water cooling technology has been introduced into motor design. A common water cooling solution is to cast or machine spiral cooling channels into the motor end cover.

[0003] However, spiral water channels are complex to manufacture, have long heat transfer paths, require improved efficiency, and have poor reliability, resulting in short motor lifespan. Therefore, their application is greatly limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a motor end cover, thereby solving the technical problems of complex processing of the spiral water channel of the existing motor end cover, long heat transfer path, poor reliability, and short motor life.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] This invention provides a motor end cover, including a first cover plate, a second cover plate, a cooling water pipe, and a heat-conducting pipe. The first and second cover plates are fitted together to enclose the heat-conducting pipe, and the gap between the first and second cover plates is a tin layer for soldering. A first cooling groove and a second cooling groove are formed on the inner side of the first cover plate. The first cooling groove is spiral-shaped and tightly arranged around the center of the first cover plate. The second cooling groove is a plurality of concentric rings with the center of the rings being the center of the first cooling groove. The second cooling groove is arranged around the first cooling groove, and the tail end of the first cooling groove is connected to the head end of the second cooling groove. The heat-conducting pipe is placed in the first and second cooling grooves, and the cooling water pipe is nested inside the heat-conducting pipe. The head end of the cooling water pipe in the first cooling groove is the inlet, and the tail end of the cooling water pipe in the second cooling groove is the outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the second cooling tank is provided with a partition that extends radially across the second cooling tank. The partition is provided with a gap between it and the second cooling tank, so that adjacent rings in the second cooling tank are connected at the partition to form a continuous loop.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling water pipe is nested inside the heat pipe, and after the heat pipe is placed in the first cooling tank and the second cooling tank, at least one spring is pre-embedded in the tin layer. The two ends of all the springs are in contact with the outer wall of the heat pipe and the inner wall of the first cooling tank or the second cooling tank, respectively. Subsequently, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are detachably fixed and attached by the first screw of the inner ring and the second screw of the outer ring. After tinning, the two ends of all the springs are bonded to the outer wall of the heat pipe and the inner wall of the first cooling tank or the second cooling tank, respectively, by tinning.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner wall of the first or second cooling tank is provided with multiple small grooves.

[0012] Furthermore, 4-6 connecting slots are provided on the inner side of the first cover plate, the connecting slots spanning the first cooling slot and the second cooling slot, and all connecting slots are evenly distributed on the inner side of the first cover plate.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple magnetic balls are placed in the cooling water pipe, and the magnetic balls are randomly distributed in the cooling water pipe. The diameter of the magnetic balls is less than 80% of the diameter of the cooling water pipe. The magnetic balls include a magnetic core and a coating layer tightly wrapped around the outside of the magnetic core. The coating layer is a flexible material that is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, and multiple protrusions are provided on the outside of the coating layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the first cover plate is provided with two solder inlets and two solder outlets. The channels of both the solder inlets and the solder outlets are conical. The solder inlets are conical structures with the larger diameter facing outwards, and the solder outlets are conical structures with the smaller diameter facing outwards.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple stiffening plates are provided on the outer side of the first cover plate, and the stiffening plates have a honeycomb structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling water pipes are corrugated; the material of the cooling water pipes is a shape memory alloy, which can automatically expand as the temperature rises, increasing the contact area with the heat pipes.

[0017] Furthermore, nano-ceramic particles are added to the infused tin to form a composite tin layer within the tin layer.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0020] This invention discloses a motor end cover. Because spiral grooves offer better heat dissipation than annular grooves, and annular grooves are simpler to manufacture than spiral grooves, a composite structure is used to specifically enhance heat dissipation. Since the center of the first cover plate coincides with the center of the motor end cover, and the center of the motor end cover is a hotspot area, a first cooling groove and a second cooling groove are formed inside the first cover plate. The first cooling groove is spiral-shaped and tightly arranged around the center of the first cover plate. The second cooling groove consists of multiple concentric annular rings, with the center of each ring being the center of the first cooling groove. The second cooling groove surrounds the first cooling groove, and the tail of the first cooling groove connects to the head of the second cooling groove. Compared to existing technologies, this not only significantly shortens the heat transfer path and improves the cooling efficiency of key heat-generating components, achieving better heat dissipation, but also improves the reliability of the motor end cover and extends the service life of the motor. Furthermore, the first and second cooling grooves are simple to manufacture, saving time and costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the motor end cover;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the first cover plate;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part C

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water pipe structure;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water pipes and heat pipes.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part of D.

[0029] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0030] 1: First cover plate; 11: First cooling tank; 12: Second cooling tank; 13: Partition plate; 14: Groove; 15: Connecting groove; 16: Magnetic ball; 17: Solder inlet; 18: Solder outlet; 19: Rib plate;

[0031] 2: Second cover plate;

[0032] 3: Cooling water pipe; 31: Inlet; 32: Outlet;

[0033] 4: Heat pipe; 5: Tin layer; 6: Spring; 7: First screw; 8: Second screw. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0035] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a motor end cover, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it includes a first cover plate 1, a second cover plate 2, a cooling water pipe 3, and a heat pipe 4. The first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 are fitted together to enclose the heat pipe 4, and the gap between the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 is a tin layer 5 for pouring tin.

[0036] The tin layer 5 firmly bonds the heat pipe 4, the first cover plate 1, and the second cover plate 2 into a single unit, improving the overall strength, fatigue resistance, and sealing performance of the motor end cover, and significantly reducing vibration and noise. The tin layer 5 completely isolates the motor from air and moisture, eliminating the risk of corrosion of the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2. Furthermore, the tin layer 5 also lowers the temperature of the heat pipe 4, allowing the motor to dissipate heat more quickly and extending its service life.

[0037] The inner layer of the motor end cover is a heat pipe 4 made of high thermal conductivity copper alloy, which is in direct contact with the cooling water pipe 3. The middle layer is a tin layer 5, and the outer layer is a first cover plate 1 and a second cover plate 2 made of high strength aluminum alloy. This makes the motor end cover a three-layer composite structure, which ensures performance while controlling the overall cost and weight.

[0038] The heat generated during motor operation is first transferred to the heat pipe 4 through the contact surface between the motor end cover and the motor (the center of the motor end cover). Therefore, the heat pipe 4 is made of a copper alloy with high thermal conductivity, which allows the heat to spread laterally quickly inside the motor end cover, avoiding the formation of local high-temperature points on the contact surface and achieving "first-level rapid heat conduction".

[0039] Specifically, high thermal conductivity copper alloys can be made of high thermal conductivity alloys such as copper or beryllium copper.

[0040] The first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 are made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which increases the structural strength of the motor end cover and resists electromagnetic vibration and external impact. Furthermore, as... Figure 2-5 As shown, multiple stiffening plates 19 are welded to the outer side of the first cover plate 1 to further strengthen the structure. Preferably, the stiffening plates 19 have a honeycomb structure, which enhances vibration resistance while reducing weight and helps to radiate residual heat outward.

[0041] Specifically, high-strength aluminum alloys such as A356 can be used.

[0042] Because spiral grooves provide better heat dissipation than annular grooves, and annular grooves are simpler to manufacture than spiral grooves, the cooling groove is designed as a composite structure: such as... Figure 1 As shown, a first cooling groove 11 and a second cooling groove 12 are formed on the inner side of the first cover plate 1. Because the center of the first cover plate 1 coincides with the center of the motor end cover, and the center of the motor end cover is a hot spot area, the first cooling groove 11 is spiral-shaped and tightly arranged around the center of the first cover plate 1. The second cooling groove 12 is composed of multiple concentric rings with the center of the rings being the center of the first cooling groove 11. The second cooling groove 12 is arranged around the first cooling groove 11, and the tail of the first cooling groove 11 is connected to the head of the second cooling groove 12. The composite cooling groove can specifically enhance heat dissipation, improving heat dissipation efficiency by more than 30%. To facilitate the processing of the second cooling groove 12, a partition 13 is provided in the second cooling groove 12, extending radially across the second cooling groove 12. The partition 13 is spaced apart from the second cooling groove, so that adjacent rings in the second cooling groove 12 are connected at the partition 13 to form a continuous loop.

[0043] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the first cooling tank 11 or the second cooling tank 12 has multiple tiny grooves 14 forming microchannels, which serve as additional, secondary heat dissipation paths to further enhance overall heat conduction efficiency. Simultaneously, the grooves 14 also further increase the mechanical connection stability between the tin layer 5 and the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2. Additionally, nano-ceramic particles can be added to the poured tin to form a composite tin layer in the tin layer 5, enhancing corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.

[0044] The cooling water pipe 3 is made of shape memory alloy. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, it can automatically expand as the temperature rises, increasing the contact area with the heat pipe 4, achieving adaptive heat dissipation and improving heat conduction efficiency.

[0045] Specifically, shape memory alloys can be made of nickel-titanium alloys.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the heat pipe 4 is bent according to the shape of the first cooling groove 11 and the second cooling groove 12 opened inside the first cover plate 1, and is placed inside the first cooling groove 11 and the second cooling groove 12. The cooling water pipe 3 is nested inside the heat pipe 4, independently bearing the water pressure and corrosion of the cooling medium. Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, the cooling water pipe 3 is located at the head end of the first cooling tank 11 as the inlet 31, and the cooling water pipe 3 is located at the tail end of the second cooling tank 12 as the outlet 32.

[0047] During installation, such as Figure 3-5 As shown, the cooling water pipe 3 is nested inside the heat-conducting pipe 4. After the heat-conducting pipe 4 is placed in the first cooling tank 11 and the second cooling tank 12, at least one spring 6 is pre-embedded in the tin layer 5. Both ends of all springs 6 are in contact with the outer wall of the heat-conducting pipe 4 and the inner wall of the first cooling tank 11 or the second cooling tank 12, respectively. Then, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 are detachably fixed and attached by the first screw 7 of the inner ring and the second screw 8 of the outer ring. After tinning, all springs 6 are firmly embedded in the tin layer 5, and both ends of all springs 6 are respectively bonded to the outer wall of the heat pipe 4 and the inner wall of the first cooling tank 11 or the second cooling tank 12 by tinning.

[0048] Preferably, the spring 6 is made of stainless steel or a nickel-based alloy.

[0049] like Figure 2-5 As shown, the first cover plate 1 is provided with two solder inlets 17 and two solder outlets 18, which increases the amount of solder poured in and the flow rate, allowing the gap between the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 to be quickly filled before the solder solidifies. The channels of both the solder inlets 17 and the solder outlets 18 are conical. The solder inlets 17 have a large-diameter, outward-facing conical structure, facilitating the pouring of molten solder and reducing splashing. The solder outlets 18 have a small-diameter, outward-facing conical structure, which helps to collect gas at the end of the soldering process, allowing it to be discharged with the last overflowing molten solder, acting as an "air vent" to ensure uniform filling of the molten solder and avoid cavities.

[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 1As shown, the inner side of the first cover plate 1 has 4-6 connecting slots 15, which span the first cooling tank 11 and the second cooling tank 12. All connecting slots 15 are evenly distributed on the inner side of the first cover plate 1. During soldering, this facilitates the flow of molten solder between the first cooling tank 11 and the second cooling tank 12, ensuring that the molten solder fills the entire gap between the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2 without leaving any cavities.

[0051] To prevent scale buildup in cooling water pipe 3, reduce corrosion risk, and extend the lifespan of the waterway, such as... Figure 8 As shown, multiple movable magnetic balls 16 are pre-placed in the cooling water pipe 3. The multiple magnetic balls 16 are randomly distributed in the cooling water pipe 3 and are periodically circulated by an external magnetic field to remove scale and deposits.

[0052] It should be noted that the diameter of the magnetic ball 16 is less than 80% of the diameter of the cooling water pipe 3. The spherical shape ensures that the magnetic ball 16 can roll freely in any direction and will not get stuck in any part, thus ensuring continuous polishing and cleaning of the cooling water pipe 3 wall.

[0053] The magnetic ball 16 includes a magnetic core and a coating layer tightly wrapped around the outside of the magnetic core. The coating layer is made of a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material, ensuring that no metal scratches or wear are generated when scraping the wall of the cooling water pipe 3, while effectively removing loosely attached scale, rust, and biological sludge. Multiple protrusions are provided on the outside of the coating layer to enhance the scraping effect.

[0054] Specifically, the magnetic core uses high-performance neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, providing strong magnetic force to ensure effective capture and driving by external magnetic fields. The coating layer uses chemically stable, coolant-free, and flexible medical-grade silicone, or polytetrafluoroethylene with extremely low coefficient of friction and excellent corrosion resistance, or inexpensive and highly elastic food-grade rubber.

[0055] At the start of cleaning, the external magnetic field attracts and concentrates all the magnetic balls 16 scattered throughout the cooling water pipe 3 to a single point. As the external magnetic field moves along the path of the cooling water pipe 3, due to magnetic force, all the magnetic balls 16 are firmly adhered to the inner wall of the cooling water pipe 3 directly below the external magnetic field and move synchronously with it. The inner wall surface of the cooling water pipe 3 is then scraped and cleaned.

[0056] In addition, the movement of the magnetic ball 16 not only scrapes and cleans, but also disturbs the coolant, creating turbulence in a localized area, suspending the detached particles, and allowing them to flow away with the coolant.

[0057] The cleaning cycle can be set according to the motor running time or water hardness.

[0058] The magnetic ball 16 cleaning method achieves maintenance without disassembly, saving a lot of downtime, labor costs and cleaning agent costs.

[0059] Preferably, such as Figure 3-8 As shown, cooling water pipe 3 is corrugated. When the coolant flows over the corrugated surface, its flow direction is constantly changed. This disturbance can significantly promote the transition of the fluid from laminar to turbulent flow. Turbulence reduces the retention of cooling medium, lowers the risk of local overheating, and greatly improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0060] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor end cover, characterized in that, Includes a first cover plate (1), a second cover plate (2), a cooling water pipe (3) and a heat pipe (4). The first cover plate (1) and the second cover plate (2) are fitted together to enclose the heat pipe (4), and the gap between the first cover plate (1) and the second cover plate (2) is a tin layer (5) for tinning. The first cover plate (1) has a first cooling groove (11) and a second cooling groove (12) on its inner side. The first cooling groove (11) is spiral and tightly arranged around the center of the first cover plate (1). The second cooling groove (12) is a plurality of concentric rings with the center of the first cooling groove (11) as the center. The second cooling groove (12) is arranged around the first cooling groove (11). The tail of the first cooling groove (11) is connected to the head of the second cooling groove (12). The heat pipe (4) is placed in the first cooling tank (11) and the second cooling tank (12). The cooling water pipe (3) is nested inside the heat pipe (4). The cooling water pipe (3) is located at the head end of the first cooling tank (11) as the inlet (31) and at the tail end of the second cooling tank (12) as the outlet (32).

2. The motor end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cooling tank (12) is provided with a partition (13) that extends radially across the second cooling tank (12). The partition (13) is provided with a gap between it and the second cooling tank, so that adjacent rings in the second cooling tank (12) are connected at the partition (13) to form a continuous loop.

3. The motor end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling water pipe (3) is nested inside the heat pipe (4), and the heat pipe (4) is placed in the first cooling tank (11) and the second cooling tank (12). At least one spring (6) is pre-embedded in the tin layer (5). The two ends of all springs (6) are in contact with the outer wall of the heat pipe (4) and the inner wall of the first cooling tank (11) or the second cooling tank (12), respectively. Then, the first cover plate (1) and the second cover plate (2) are detachably fixed and attached by the first screw (7) of the inner ring and the second screw (8) of the outer ring. After tinning, the two ends of all springs (6) are bonded to the outer wall of the heat pipe (4) and the inner wall of the first cooling tank (11) or the second cooling tank (12) by tinning.

4. The motor end cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first cooling tank (11) or the second cooling tank (12) is provided with a number of small grooves (14).

5. The motor end cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the first cover plate (1) has 4-6 connecting slots (15), which span the first cooling slot (11) and the second cooling slot (12). All connecting slots (15) are evenly distributed on the inner side of the first cover plate (1).

6. The motor end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple magnetic balls (16) are placed in the cooling water pipe (3). The multiple magnetic balls (16) are randomly distributed in the cooling water pipe (3). The diameter of the magnetic balls (16) is less than 80% of the diameter of the cooling water pipe (3). The magnetic ball (16) includes a magnetic core and a cladding layer tightly wrapped around the outside of the magnetic core. The cladding layer is a flexible material that is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, and multiple protrusions are provided on the outside of the cladding layer.

7. The motor end cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first cover plate (1) is provided with two solder inlets (17) and two solder outlets (18). The channels of the solder inlets (17) and the solder outlets (18) are both conical. The solder inlet (17) is a conical structure with a large diameter facing outward, and the solder outlet (18) is a conical structure with a small diameter facing outward.

8. The motor end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the first cover plate (1) is provided with multiple stiffening plates (19), which are honeycomb structures.

9. The motor end cover according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling water pipe (3) is wavy; The cooling water pipe (3) is made of shape memory alloy so that it can automatically expand as the temperature rises, increasing the contact area with the heat pipe (4).

10. The motor end cover according to claim 3, characterized in that, Nano-ceramic particles are added to the infused tin to form a composite tin layer in the tin layer (5).

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